L-精氨酸对体外循环后细胞因子的影响

目的　探讨 L-精氨酸 (L- arginine)对体外循环 (CPB)缺血 -再灌注损伤后全身炎症反应的抑制作用。方法　术前将 5 1例拟行心瓣膜置换术的风湿性心脏病患者随机分成两组 :L-精氨酸组 (n=2 5 ) ,术中给予 30 0 mg/kgL -精氨酸治疗 ;对照组 (n=2 6 ) ,术中给予等量的 5 %葡萄糖注射液。分别于术前、CPB后 2 h、4 h、8h、2 4 h和 4 8h采取动脉血 ,用酶联免疫吸附法分别测定血浆肿瘤坏死因子 - α(TNF- α)、白细胞介素 - 1β(IL- 1β)、白细胞介素 - 10 (IL- 10 )的浓度。　结果　两组 TNF-α、IL - 1β和 IL - 10水平于 CPB后均升高 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,TNF-α和 IL - 1β于 CPB后 4 8h恢复至基础值 ;L-精氨酸组 CPB后 4 h、8h、2 4 h TNF- α和 IL- 1β升高幅度明显低于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;IL- 10水平各时点组间比较差别无统计学意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。　结论　L-精氨酸可以降低 CPB后 TNF- α、IL- 1β的血浆水平 ,具有抑制 CPB缺血 -再灌注损伤后全身炎症反应的作用。     

右美托咪定对食管癌根治术单肺通气患者肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-6的影响

目的 观察右美托咪定对食管癌根治术单肺通气患者血浆肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α和白细胞介素(IL)-6水平的影响.方法 60例拟行食管癌根治术的患者,随机分为D1组、D2组和C组,每组20例.D1组麻醉诱导前0.6μg/kg静脉泵注右美托咪定;D2组麻醉诱导后以0.3μg/(kg·h)静脉泵注右美托咪定;C组为对照组.分别测定麻醉诱导前20 min(T0),气管插管后10 min(T1),单肺通气30 min(T2),单肺通气90 min(T3)及再次双肺通气后10 min(T4)5个时间点血浆中TNF-α和IL-6浓度.结果 3组患者血浆TNF-α水平在T3、T4时点较T0高(P ＜0.05);D1组和D2组在T3(10.5±2.5,11.1 ±2.6)、T4(11.2±2.4,11.8±2.7)时点较C组增高(P＜0.05).3组患者血浆IL-6水平在T4时点较T0高(P ＜0.05);D1组和D2组在T4时点(23.2±3.3,23.9±3.2)较C组增高(P＜0.05).结论 术前静脉泵注0.6 μg/kg及术中持续以0.3μg,/(kg·h)静脉泵注右美托咪定均能抑制食管癌根治术单肺通气患者血浆中TNF-α和IL-6水平升高.     

乙型脑炎患儿脑脊髓液中IL-1β及IL-1ra的表达和意义

目的研究流行性乙型脑炎患儿脑脊髓液中IL-1β和IL-1ra含量变化及临床意义。方法采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定50例乙型脑炎患儿和20例非神经系统疾病患儿（对照）脑脊髓液中IL-1β和IL-1ra的含量。结果乙型脑炎患儿极期、恢复期及对照组患儿脑脊髓液中的IL-1β含量分别为（49．43±14．59）、（24．73±14．50）和（8．98±1．26）μg／L,差异具有统计学意义（F=79．88,P〈0．01）;IL-1ra含量分别为（177．39±60．19）、（78．24±44．63）和（21．09±3．10）μg／L,差异也具有统计学意义（F=91．53,P〈0．01）。轻型、普通型和重型患儿极期和恢复期脑脊髓液中的IL-1β和IL-1ra含量比较差异具有统计学意义（极期：F=82．36、66．50,P值均〈0．01;恢复期：F=55．17、79．50,P值均〈0．01）。患儿脑脊髓液中的IL-1β和IL—1ra含量呈正相关（极期：r=0．815,t9〈0．01;恢复期：r=0．728,P〈0．01）。结论乙型脑炎患儿极期脑脊髓液中IL-1β和IL．1ra水平明显升高,与乙型脑炎病情严重程度密切相关,提示脑脊髓液中的IL-1β和IL-1ra参与了乙型脑炎脑损伤的病理过程。     

卵巢早衰患者血清抗透明带抗体和肿瘤坏死因子-α、γ-干扰素及白细胞介素-2的分析

目的 :探讨抗透明带抗体 ( Azp Ab)和肿瘤坏死因子 -α( TNF-α) ,γ-干扰素( IFN-γ)及白细胞介素 -2 ( IL-2 )在卵巢早衰 ( POF)发病中的作用及其临床意义。方法 :以定量酶联免疫吸附试验 ( EL ISA)测定 POF患者血清中 Azp Ab水平 ,放射免疫测定 IFN-γ、IL-2和 TNF-α的水平。结果 :POF组 Azp Ab明显高于正常对照组 ( P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,TNF-α和 IL -2显著降低 ( P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,IFN-γ明显升高 ( P<0 .0 1 )。 POF患者中 ,Azp Ab阳性组 ,以上三种细胞因子水平均明显高于 Azp Ab阴性组。结论 :Azp Ab,TNF-α,IFN-γ和IL-2在自身免疫性 POF的发病中起着重要作用。     

IL-18及IL-18结合蛋白在人正常月经周期子宫内膜的表达

目的探讨白细胞介素(IL)18及IL18结合蛋白(IL18BP)在人正常月经周期子宫内膜上的表达。方法取因子宫肌瘤或子宫脱垂行全子宫切除术的患者子宫内膜,按月经周期和子宫内膜形态学检查结果分为增生期和分泌期2组,每组10例。免疫组织化学法检测子宫内膜的IL-18及IL-18BP表达;实时定量聚合酶连锁反应(qRT-PCR)检测子宫内膜IL-18及IL-18BP mRNA的表达。结果 IL-18、IL-18BP在人增生期和分泌期子宫内膜中均有表达,且随着月经周期其表达呈现时空性变化。IL18在增生期表达于腔上皮、腺上皮细胞膜及基质细胞,与增生期相比,分泌期基质细胞IL18的阳性表达显著降低(MOD值0.33±0.07 vs.0.52±0.12,P0.05),而IL18BP的表达则显著增加(MOD值0.33±0.20 vs.0.10±0.07,P0.05)。qRT-PCR结果显示,在增生期和分泌期子宫内膜标本均有IL18和IL18BP mRNA表达,与增生期相比,分泌期IL18表达显著下降(P0.05),IL18BP表达显著增强(P0.05),IL18BP/IL18比值显著增高(P0.05)。结论 IL18和IL18BP在整个月经周期人子宫内膜上均有表达,且其表达呈现时空性的变化,可能与月经周期过程中子宫内膜的崩解修复有关。     

白芍总苷对幼年特发性关节炎患儿白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-1和肿瘤坏死因子-α表达的影响

目的:探讨白芍总苷对幼年特发性关节炎患儿白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-1和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)表达的影响。方法:选取2017年3月至2019年3月郑州大学附属儿童医院初治的幼年特发性关节炎患儿92例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组46例。对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上加用白芍总苷治疗,2组均治疗6个月。收集2组治疗前及治疗0.5,1,3,6个月血清,应用ELISA检测各组IL-6、IL-1和TNF-α水平,结合临床症状和实验室指标进行统计学分析。结果:治疗后,2组IL-6、IL-1和TNF-α水平明显低于治疗前,治疗组各个时间点IL-6、IL-1和TNF-α水平明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:白芍总苷能有效降低幼年特发性关节炎患儿血清IL-6、IL-1和TNF-α表达水平,从而发挥抗炎作用。     

抗内毒素Fab'对严重烧伤早期炎症细胞因子的影响

目的 观察抗内毒素Fab'对严重烧伤早期肠源性内毒素血症小鼠肠道损伤的保护作用.方法 采用严重烧伤早期肠源性内毒素血症小鼠模型,分为烧伤组、治疗组及对照组,分别于6、12、24、48 h四个时相点测定血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素(IL)-lβ、IL-10的浓度.结果 与正常对照组比较,烧伤后血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-10水平增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-10水平较烧伤组显著降低(P<0.01).病理检查结果提示治疗组较烧伤组肠黏膜损伤明显减轻.结论 抗内毒素Fab'能抑制内毒素所诱导的TNF-α、IL-1β产生,同时调节血清中的IL-10水平,减轻内毒素对机体的损害,从而起到对严重烧伤后肠源性脓毒症的防治作用.     

断流分流联合手术前后血浆IL-6,IL-8和TNF-α水平的变化及其意义

目的　探讨门静脉高压症行贲门周围血管离断并脾 -肾静脉分流联合手术前后血浆白细胞介素 -6(IL 6) ,白细胞介素 -8(IL 8)和肿瘤坏死因子 -α(TNF α)水平变化的意义。方法　检测联合手术组患者术前 1d和术后 7d血浆IL 6,IL 8和TNF α含量 ,并与对照组比较。结果　联合手术组术前IL 6,IL 8和TNF α水平分别为 ( 2 3 0 .4± 10 .3 )ng/L ,( 2 0 1.5± 7.8)ng/L及 ( 2 61.5± 2 8.3 )ng/L ,明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ;联合手术后 7d ,IL 6,IL 8和TNF α水平分别为 ( 13 5 .8± 11.4)ng/L ,( 10 8.2± 8.7)ng/L及 ( 2 11.8± 3 6.5 )ng/L ,与术前比均有明显降低 ,但仍高于对照组 ( P <0 .0 1)。结论　IL 6,IL 8和TNF α的活性在肝硬化门静脉高压症的形成过程中起着重要作用 ;联合手术降低门静脉压力 ,血浆IL 6,IL 8和TNF α水平显著下降 ,表明有利于肝功能的恢复     

不同剂量乌司他丁对老年患者胃切除术后血红素氧合酶-1与细胞因子的影响

目的：探讨不同剂量乌司他丁（UTI）对老年患者胃切除术后血红素氧合酶-1（HO-1）活性和细胞因子变化的影响。方法：48例胃癌行胃切除手术的老年患者,随机分为4组：生理盐水对照组,UTI 0．5万U／kg、1．0万U／kg、2．0万U／kg。并分别于手术不同时间点取血,检测血清肿瘤坏死因子（TNV—α）、白介素-6（IL-6）及血红素氧合酶-1。结果：0．5万U／kg UTI仅抑制术后24h的IL-6释放,不能促进术后HO-1活性升高;1．0万U／kg UTI可抑制术后6、12、24h的IL-6、TNF—α释放,促进术后24h的HO-1活性升高;2．0万U／kg UTI对围术期TNF—α、IL-6释放有明显抑制作用,促进术后12、24h的HO-1活性明显升高。结论：UTI具有剂量依赖性抑制促炎因子释放,促进HO-1反应性上调,发挥脏器保护作用。     

单肺通气肺叶切除术时动脉血TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8的变化

目的观察单肺通气(OLV)肺叶切除术时动脉血肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-6和IL-8的变化。方法肺叶切除术患者20例分为OLV组和双肺通气(TLV)组,分别于麻醉前(T0)、机械通气后30min(T1)、1h(T2)、2h(T3)、胸内操作结束后1h(T4)、2h(T5)、术后24h(T6)、48h(T7)采桡动脉血测定TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8。结果OLV组TNF-α在T3时开始上升,T7达峰值,且明显高于TLV组(P<0·05)。两组IL-6和IL-8均在T2时开始上升(P<0·05),T5时达高峰,T6、T7时回降,但仍高于T0(P<0·05)。OLV组T3~T6时IL-6和IL-8均高于TLV组(P<0·05)。结论OLV和TLV均可导致动脉血IL-6和IL-8升高,OLV更显著;OLV可致TNF-α升高。     

胰腺癌患者外周血中树突状细胞的分离、纯化与扩增

目的 探讨从胰腺癌患者外周血中分离、纯化与扩增树突状细胞（DC）的有效方法。方法 分别从健康人（10例，对照组）和胰腺癌患者（12例，实验组）外周血中分离出单核细胞，而后将实验组的单核细胞与GM－CSF及IL－4共同培养，用免疫荧光法和流式细胞仪检测培养前、后的DC数量及DC表面HLA－DR及B7－2的表达水平，并与对照组比较。结果 与对照组相比，实验组DC表面HLA－DR及B7－2表达水平较低（P＜0.01）；经GM－CSF及IL－4联合培养7天后，其单核细胞中的DC数较培养前明显增多（P＜0.01），且DC表面HLA－DR及B7－2表达水平较培养前明显增高（P＜0.01），与对照组相比则无明显差异（P＞0.05）。结论 GM－CSF与IL－4的联合应用能有效地从胰腺癌患者外周血中制备出大量具有功能活性的DC。     

Cholinergic stimulation of pancreatic polypeptide release by a meal,bombesin, neurotensin,tetragastrin, cholecystokinin,and cerulein

It has been demonstrated that pancreatic polypeptide (PP) release can be markedly impaired by vagotomy or anticholinergic drugs. The current studies examine the role of cholinomimetic stimulation on PP release in dogs. Eight conscious animals underwent a series of tests: (1) a test meal (10 g/kg Alpo); (2) tetragastrin infusion (4 μg/kg/hr); (3) bombesin infusion (1.0 μg/kg/hr); (4) cerulein infusion (100 ng/kg/hr); (5) cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-OP) infusion (100 ng/kg/hr); (6) neurotensin infusion (3 ng/kg/hr). All the studies were repeated individually with intravenous bethanecol (100 μg/ kg/hr) as the background stimulant. The mean increment of PP released by a meal (160 ± 32 fmol/ ml) was significantly increased by bethanecol infusion (316 ± 49 fmol/ml) (P < 0.05). Each individual peptide released a significant amount of PP; tetragastrin: 53 ± 11; neurotensin: 58 ± 14; CCK-OP: 42 ± 9; cerulein: 42 ± 12; bombesin: 118 ± 24 (P < 0.05). Bethanecol did not significantly augment PP release by any of the individual peptides (P > 0.05). This study indicates that PP release by a meal is sensitive to cholinomimetic stimulation and that the peptide involved is neither gastrin, neurotensin, CCK, bombesin, nor cerulein. These data support the possibility of the existence of a cholinergic stimulatable mechanism, possibly a peptide responsible for the release of PP.     

葡萄籽原花青素对小鼠睾丸扭转复位后生精功能的保护作用

目的:探讨葡萄籽原花青素(GSP)对小鼠睾丸扭转复位后生精功能的保护作用。方法:24只健康雄性昆明小白鼠(8周龄,25～27 g)随机分为3组:对照组、扭转组、治疗组,每组8只。扭转组及治疗组建立单侧睾丸扭转复位动物模型,治疗组于扭转复位前30 min腹腔注射GSP(50 mg/kg),术后采用腹腔注射方式连续给药3 d,每天1次,每次50 mg/kg。扭转组方法同治疗组,治疗同体积生理盐水。术后第4天取扭转侧睾丸,检测组织病理学参数和生精细胞凋亡指数(AI),并检测睾丸组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)含量。对照组行假手术。结果:治疗组与扭转组相比,Johnsen评分上升[(7.38±0.92)分vs(5.00±1.85)分,P<0.05],生精小管直径略增大[(178.75±1.58)μm vs(176.50±1.60)μm,P>0.05],生精细胞层数增加[(5.75±0.71)层vs(3.75±1.03)层,P<0.05],生精细胞凋亡指数AI明显降低[(16.25±1.67)%vs(40.50±1.60)%,P<0.05)],SOD活性明显上升[(52.67±3.57)U/mg prot vs(29.04±4.46)U/mg prot,P<0.05],MDA含量明显下降[(2.91±0.04)nmol/mg prot vs(4.63±0.05)nmol/mg prot,P<0.05]。结论:GSP对小鼠睾丸扭转复位后生精功能损伤有明显的保护作用,其作用机制可能与其能清除氧自由基、抑制脂质过氧化、提高机体抗氧化能力有关。     

右美托咪定联合舒芬太尼用于老年患者全髋关节置换术后自控静脉镇痛

目的 探讨右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine,Dex)联合舒芬太尼用于老年患者全髋关节置换术后患者自控静脉镇痛(patients controlled infusion analgesia,PCIA)的临床安全性和有效性. 方法 采用随机数字表法将90例择期行全髋关节置换手术的患者(年龄65～89岁,ASA分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级)分为3组(每组30例).各组PCIA药物:舒芬太尼组(S组),舒芬太尼0.04μg· kg-1 ·h-1+托烷司琼5 mg;Dex 1组(D1组),舒芬太尼0.04 μg· kg-1·h-1+托烷司琼5 mg+Dex 0.02 μg·kg-1·h-1;Dex 2组(D2组),舒芬太尼0.04 μg·kg-1·h-1+托烷司琼5 mg+Dex 0.05μg·kg-1·h-1;各组药物均用生理盐水稀释至150 ml.所有患者麻醉方式均采用蛛网膜下腔阻滞,穿刺间隙L3～L4.手术结束前10 min,均静脉注射5μg舒芬太尼,术后连接镇痛泵.记录手术和麻醉时间,术中出血量,副作用的发生率,镇痛总体舒适度评分(Bruggrmann comfort scale,BCS),术后4、8、12、24、48 h VAS评分和Ramsay镇静评分,镇痛48 h后各组单位体重下舒芬太尼的消耗量. 结果 术后8、12、24、48 h,S组Ramsay评分[(1.7±0.5)、(1.6±0.6)、(1.6±0.5)、(1.8±0.5)分]低于D1组[(2.2±0.6)、(2.0±0.5)、(2.2±0.5)、(2.2±0.5)分]和D2组[(2.3±0.5)、(2.3±0.4)、(2.4±0.5)、(2.3±0.5)分](P＜0.05);D1组和D2组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).术后12、24 h,D1组VAS评分[(0.7±0.8)、(0.7±0.8)分]低于S组[(1.3±1.1)、(1.4±1.0)分](P＜0.05);术后8、12、24、48 h,D2组VAS评分[(0.8±0.6)、(0.8±0.6)、(0.6±0.7)、(0.7±0.7)分]明显低于S组(P＜0.01).镇痛48 h后,D1组BCS评分[(3.2±0.7)分]明显高于S组[(2.1±0.5)分](P＜0.01),D2组BCS评分[(3.6±0.6)分]高于S组与D1组(P＜0.05);S组[(2.02±0.10) μg/kg]舒芬太尼消耗量大于D1组[(1.96±0.61)μg/kg]和D2组[(1.94±0.39) μg/kg](P＜0.05),D1组和D2组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05). 结论 Dex0.05μg·kg-1·h-1联合舒芬太尼0.04 μg·kg-1·h-1 PCIA用于老年患者髋关节置换术后有较好的术后镇痛效果,且降低了舒芬太尼的消耗量,临床应用安全、可行、有效.     

脑电双频指数指导无痛胃镜检查中瑞芬太尼最适剂量的选择

目的 探讨在无痛胃镜检查中瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚静脉麻醉时瑞芬太尼的最适剂量.方法 接受无痛胃镜检查患者300例,按照随机数字表法随机双盲分成3组(每组100例):瑞芬太尼1组(R1组,瑞芬太尼0.25 μg/kg)、瑞芬太尼2组(R2组,瑞芬太尼0.5 μg/kg)、瑞芬太尼3组(R3组,瑞芬太尼1.μg/kg).记录各组麻醉前(T0)、置入胃镜时(T1)、退出胃镜时(T2)的BIS值、MAP、HR、SpO2,并记录各组患者丙泊酚用量、术中辅助呼吸和术中体动例数、胃镜检查时间、苏醒时间、术中知晓及术后恶心呕吐的情况、离院时间、离院时眩晕等.结果 3组患者To、T1、T2时BIS值、MAP、HR组间分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与R3组比较,R1组、R2组在T1时点SPO2[(96.9±2.1)％、(96.2±2.9)％比(92.1±5.5)％]明显较高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在T1时点R1组与R2组比较以及T2时点3组分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).丙泊酚用量R1组[(110±12) mg]、R2组[(65±8)mg]明显多于R3组[(48±6)mg],R1组丙泊酚用量也明显多于R2组,同时术中辅助呼吸R1组(6％)、R2组(9％)较R3组(21％)明显减少,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与R2组、R3组比较,R1组患者苏醒时间、离院时间明显延长,术中体动及离院时眩晕发生较多(P＜0.05),但R2组、R3组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).3组患者胃镜检查时间、术中知晓及术后恶心呕吐发生情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 以0.5 μg/kg瑞芬太尼辅助适量丙泊白酚是胃镜检查中较适合的搭配方案.     

Differential cytokine expression and regulation of human anti-pig xenogeneic responses by modified porcine dendritic cells

Abstract: Background: Porcine dendritic cells (DC) are likely to be pivotal cells in the initiation of stimulatory and potential tolerogenic responses to xenoantigens, however, there are limited studies characterizing these antigen presenting cells. Methods: Porcine PBMC (CD172a⁺) were cultured with GM‐CSF and IL‐4 and phenotype and functional capabilities assessed. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), IL‐10, and IL‐3 were added to the GM‐CSF/IL‐4 DC cultures to determine phenotypic and functional changes. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for key cytokines was performed and the modified porcine DC were further assessed by primary mixed lymphocyte reaction to determine the effect of LPS, IL‐10, and IL‐3 on stimulatory capability. Results: Porcine PBMC (CD172⁺) cultured with GM‐CSF and IL‐4 produced cells with DC morphology, which were major histocompatability complex (MHC) class II⁺, CD14^?/lo, and CD1a^lo. Addition of IL‐10 or IL‐3 to GM‐CSF/IL‐4 DC cultures produced cells with lower levels of MHC class II and higher levels of antigen uptake consistent with less mature DC. Quantitative real‐time PCR of DC showed the addition of IL‐10 induced an increase in IL‐10 mRNA, no detectable IL‐12, and reduced IL‐6 mRNA. The addition of IL‐3 to DC cultures decreased IL‐12, IL‐6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), with no change in IL‐10 mRNA. GM‐CSF/IL‐4 DC induced strong human lymphocyte proliferation, compared with significantly reduced stimulatory capacity induced by IL‐10 and IL‐3 treated DC cultures. Conclusions: The profound effect on differential DC cytokine profile and reduced human anti‐pig responses has important therapeutic implications in xenotransplantation. The mechanism of altered regulation warrants further investigation.     

Phase I/II trial of subcutaneous interleukin-2, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interferon-α in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Study Type – Therapy (individual cohort) Level of Evidence 2b

OBJECTIVE

? To determine, in a phase I/II trial, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), clinical activity and safety of concurrent subcutaneous (s.c.) interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), interferon‐α2b (IFN‐α) and granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

? Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) received on a 3+3 trial design escalating doses of s.c. GM‐CSF, IL‐2 and IFN‐α. ? Dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) during the first 6‐week cycle were used to determine the MTD. ? A phase II trial was then initiated to determine clinical activity.

RESULTS

? A total of sixty patients were enrolled in the study (phase I = 31; phase II = 29). ? Two DLTs were observed (G3 nausea/vomiting and fatigue) and the MTD was determined to be GM‐CSF 5.0 µg/kg/day, IL‐2 9.0 mIU/m²/day and IFN‐α 5.0 mU/m²/day. ? Patients received a median (range) of four (one to 11) cycles of therapy. G3 adverse events were reported in 10 of 31 (32%) patients. ? The overall response rate was 20% (one complete response and 11 partial responses), including patients who were rendered free of disease with surgery. ? The median progression‐free survival and overall survival were 6.0 and 23.4 months, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

? Immunotherapy with concurrent s.c. GM‐CSF, IL‐2 and IFN‐α is generally well tolerated. ? The overall response rate observed with this combination continues to show the efficacy of immunotherapy in a selected group of metastatic RCC patients.     

RU486对子宫蜕膜神经节苷脂组分的影响

采用Ladisch微量分部、Sephadex G-25柱层析及高效薄层定量(HPTLC)分析,研究9例服RU486妇女与4例未服药早孕妇女子宫蜕膜神经节苷脂(Gg)图谱及定量分析。发现服药组的Gg总量(以脂结合唾液酸量表示)94.6±8.4μg/S蜕膜,为正常对照组的1.78倍(P<0.01);其中GM及GD含量明显高于对照组(P<0.05);单组分分析表明,服药组GM;含量高于对照组(分别为62.5±8.2与27.1±1.5μg/g蜕膜,P<0.05),GD_3明显降低(分别为4.4±0.76与8.0±1.7μg/g蜕膜,P<0.05),并出现GD_(1b)与GT_(1b)(对照组缺如)。Gg变化可能是RU486阻断孕酮生物效应,从而影响Gg代谢酶系的结果。并讨论了Gg与RU486抗早孕作用的可能联系。     

Results of a pilot study on the effects of propofol and dexmedetomidine on inflammatory responses and intraabdominal pressure in severe sepsis

Study ObjectiveTo compare the effects of an intravenous infusion of propofol and the alpha-2 adrenoceptor, dexmedetomidine, on inflammatory responses and intraabdominal pressure (IAP) in severe sepsis after abdominal surgery, specifically, serum cytokine levels (interleukin [IL]-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) and IAP.DesignProspective, single-center study.SettingUniversity hospital.Patients40 adult ICU patients who had undergone ileus surgery and who were expected to require postoperative sedation and ventilation.InterventionsPatients received either a loading dose infusion of propofol (Group P; n = 20) one mg/kg over 15 minutes followed by a maintenance dose of one to three mg/kg/hr (n = 20, Group P) or a loading dose of dexmedetomidine of one μg/kg over 10 minutes followed by a maintenance dose of 0.2-2.5 μg/kg/h (n = 20, Group D) at the 24th hour.MeasurementsBiochemical and hemodynamic parameters, cytokine levels, and IAP were recorded before the start of the study and at the 24th and 48th hours.Main ResultsTNF-α levels were significantly lower at the 24th hour (14.66 ± 4.40 pg/mL vs. 21.21 ± 11.37 pg/mL, respectively) and at the 48th hour (21.25 ± 15.85 pg/mL vs. 46.55 ± 35.99 pg/mL, respectively) in Group D. IL-1 levels were significantly lower at the 24th hour (5.03 ± 0.15 pg/mL vs. 6.23 ± 2.09 pg/mL, respectively) and the 48th hour (5.01 ± 0.37 pg/mL vs. 6.42 ± 2.76 pg/mL, respectively) in Group D. IL-6 levels were significantly lower at the 24th hour (253.1 ± 303.6 pg/mL and 511.3 ± 374.8 pg/mL, respectively) and at the 48th hour (343.5 ± 393.4 pg/mL and 503.7 ± 306.4 pg/mL, respectively) in Group D. Intraabdominal pressure also was significantly lower at the 24th hour (12.35 ± 5.84 mmHg vs. 18.1 ± 2.84 mmHg, respectively) and the 48th hour (13.9 ± 6.15 mmHg vs. 18.7 ± 3.46 mmHg, respectively) in Group D.ConclusionDexmedetomidine infusion decreases TNF-a, IL-1, and IL-6 levels and IAP more than a propofol infusion.     

植入窗期血清孕激素水平及子宫内膜白血病抑制因子表达对体外受精-胚胎移植结局的预测价值

目的探讨植入窗期血清雌(E2)、孕(P)激素水平及子宫内膜白血病抑制因子(LIF)表达对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)结局的影响。方法40例不育患者在行IVF-ET前一周期采用磁分离酶联免疫法测定植入窗期血清E2、P水平;免疫组化SP法和组织学积分H-score法对LIF在子宫内膜的表达定位和半定量分析。IVF-ET后患者分为:妊娠和未妊娠两组。结果植入窗期血清P水平妊娠及未妊娠组分别为(56.59±4.83)(、44.89±3.08)nmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);LIF在子宫内膜腔上皮和腺体表达,两组分别为(1.56±0.41)、(1.31±0.32)及(1.45±0.31)、(1.15±0.37),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清P水平与子宫内膜LIF的表达显著相关(腺体r=0.589,P<0.01;腔上皮r=0.553,P<0.01)。结论植入窗期血清P水平下降及子宫内膜LIF的表达减弱可导致IVF-ET妊娠失败。植入窗期血清P水平和子宫内膜LIF的表达可作为预测IVF-ET成功与否的指标。