超声导向下经皮穿刺他^125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌的临床运用

目的 探讨超声导向经皮穿刺^125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌的可行性及其临床价值。 方法 本组26例患者术前运用CT或MR资料制定肿瘤治疗计划；通过超声导向运用徒手法经皮穿刺实施治疗方案；术后运用CT验证治疗方案实施情况，随访并发症及疗效情况。 结果 26例患者顺利完成了治疗计划，无因穿刺引起的严重并发症；术后运用CT验证^125I粒子分布和排列达到了预定计划；经过随访近期疗效满意，1例患者术后5d出现胰漏并形成假性胰腺囊肿，2例患者穿刺术后2个月出现针道种植转移。 结论 运用超声导向经皮穿刺^125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌是一种安全可行的、有效的方法，具有临床推广价值。     

超声导向下经皮穿刺125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌的临床运用

目的 探讨超声导向经皮穿刺125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌的可行性及其临床价值.方法 本组26例患者术前运用CT或MR资料制定肿瘤治疗计划;通过超声导向运用徒手法经皮穿刺实施治疗方案;术后运用CT验证治疗方案实施情况,随访并发症及疗效情况.结果 26例患者顺利完成了治疗计划,无因穿刺引起的严重并发症;术后运用CT验证125I粒子分布和排列达到了预定计划;经过随访近期疗效满意,1例患者术后5 d出现胰漏并形成假性胰腺囊肿,2例患者穿刺术后2个月出现针道种植转移.结论 运用超声导向经皮穿刺125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌是一种安全可行的、有效的方法,具有临床推广价值.     

超声引导125I粒子植入治疗复发性或转移性浅表恶性肿瘤

目的 探讨超声引导下125I粒子植入治疗复发性或转移性浅表恶性肿瘤的方法和疗效.方法 21例复发性或转移性浅表恶性肿瘤患者采用超声实时引导植入125I放射性粒子,术后3个月按WHO恶性肿瘤疗效评价标准进行疗效评价,并对患者进行随访.粒子植入量遵循Halarism 125I经验公式:mCi=Da×5,Da为靶组织长、宽、高之和的平均值(单位为cm).结果 21例患者125I粒子植入均获得成功.超声能清晰显示肿块,进行准确定位,引导粒子的植入.术后3个月疗效评价:完全缓解12例(57.14%),部分缓解4例(19.05%),稳定3例(14.29%),进展2例(9.52%).21例患者中位无局部复发生存期7.2个月(6.8～7.6个月).结论 超声引导125I粒子植入具有微创、准确、安全、有效等优点,对浅表转移及复发恶性肿瘤的治疗具有较高的临床价值.     

超声引导下~(125)I放射性粒子植入治疗口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤45例分析

目的探讨超声引导下植入125I粒子治疗口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的疗效及可行性。方法回顾性分析45例声引导下植入125I粒子治疗口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料。45例患者共47个病灶,经影像学检查确定瘤体大小,超声制作计划切面,经计算机粒子治疗计划系统软件确定植入125I粒子的数量及粒子分布范围,在超声引导下经皮将125I放射性粒子植入预定部位,术后CT检查粒子分布情况及有无漏植。定期超声及CT复查,按照WHO标准评估疗效。结果 45例患者47个病灶治疗的总有效率为70.2%(包括完全缓解、部分缓解)。淋巴结转移癌治疗效果最好,其次为腮腺肿瘤。所有病例在穿刺植入过程中均无严重并发症;2例术后出现口腔溃疡。结论 125I放射性粒子植入治疗口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤疗效确切、安全,值得推广应用;在可探及的前提下,超声为首选引导方式。     

超声内镜引导下放射性125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌患者的护理

总结20例超声内镜引导下放射性125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌患者的护理经验.术前护士做好患者心理护理、物品器械准备,生命体征监测.在标准防护及严格无菌操作下,对手术无法切除的胰腺癌患者行超声穿刺引导下粒子植入;做好体位护理,即术者插镜到咽喉部时,护士将患者下颌轻轻上抬,使咽喉与食管呈直线,有利于内镜插入;护士配合医生操作时注意避免活检针损坏内镜和粒子在外套管卡住.20例患者均顺利完成治疗,术后3例有发热,经对症治疗后症状缓解,未发生出血、穿孔、胰瘘、腹痛及放射性损害等严重并发症.     

彩超在放射性粒子125I植入术中的应用价值

目的:晚期胰腺癌不能手术切除,我们在行胆—肠通道重建的同时,直视下经超声引导行放射性粒子125I植入来治疗,以达到较好的效果。材料与方法:我院在彩超引导下行放射性粒子125I植入来治疗胰腺癌,术中引导,方便、直接、准确。结果:本组病例16例,术后一个月复查,10例肿那个缩小1/2以上,6例亦有明显缩小,有效率达100%。结论:超声的引导介入能准确地、均匀地将放射性粒子植入肿块内,保证了手术顺利成功。放射性粒子植入是局部"适形"放疗,肿瘤靶区高剂量,而周围正常组织受量较低,有效地提高了治疗增益系统(TGF),减少了并发症,增加了疗效,提高了患者地生活质量和生存质量[1],在临床上具有较高的实用价值。     

超声引导经皮徒手穿刺~(125)I放射性粒子植入治疗中央型肝癌

目的探讨超声引导经皮徒手穿刺~(125)I放射性粒子植入治疗中央型肝癌的临床价值。方法收集2013年9月至2015年6月吉林大学中日联谊医院15例中央型肝癌患者的临床资料,所有患者均行超声引导经皮徒手穿刺~(125)I放射性粒子植入治疗,评估患者术后肿瘤局部控制率、并发症发生率、术后生存率。结果 15例患者均按照术前治疗计划顺利完成操作,用时0.5~1.5 h,中位时间为0.80 h。对比术前和术后3个月的CT图像,完全缓解(CR)3例,部分缓解(PR)10例,稳定(SD)2例,进展(PD)0例,总有效率为86.7%(13/15)。1例术后即刻出现肝周少量积液,未经治疗好转;1例术后3个月出现腹壁的种植性转移,行腹壁转移灶~(125)I放射性粒子植入治疗,2个月后复查超声显示腹壁转移灶消失,手术并发症发生率为13.4%(2/15)。患者术后3、6、12个月生存率分别为100.0%、100.0%、80.0%。结论超声引导经皮徒手穿刺~(125)I放射性粒子植入治疗中央型肝癌患者创伤小、近期疗效好、并发症少,是一种有效的治疗中央型肝癌的方法。     

125I放射性粒子在肝癌小病灶中的初步应用分析

目的探讨125I放射性粒子在肝癌小病灶中应用的安全性、可行性及初步效果.方法 11例肝癌患者肝内15处小病灶(直径＜3 cm)在B超或CT导向下经过穿刺途径植入125I放射性粒子,术后1～3d行SPECT检察评价粒子植入情况,CT随访评价病灶治疗效果,随访1～7个月.结果 所有病灶均成功植入125I放射性粒子,1～10粒/病灶,共计110粒,患者未出现出血、感染、贫血等严重并发症;术后1～3 d行SPECT检查,证实125I放射性粒子均植入靶病灶,无体内移位,γ射线覆盖病灶完全;1个月后CT随访,靶病灶均明显变小.结论 肝癌小病灶在超声或CT导向下经穿刺途径植入125I放射性粒子安全可行,靶病灶明显变小;125I放射性粒子植入是治疗肝癌小病灶的一种有效方法,可作为肝癌综合治疗方案中的一个选择.     

超声引导下~(125)I放射性粒子植入治疗前列腺癌疗效观察

目的探讨超声引导下经会阴穿刺植入125I放射性粒子治疗前列腺癌的疗效。方法 40例前列腺癌患者在直肠超声引导下行经会阴125I粒子植入术。其中29例行单纯粒子治疗,11例术后加外放疗。首先对前列腺进行超声扫描,将图像传送到计算机制定种植治疗计划,并在种植前计算放射线对前列腺体积的有效覆盖,以患者血前列腺特异性抗原(prostate-specific antigen,PSA)作为疗效评价标准。结果粒子植入术前和术后各时期PSA值相比明显下降(差异均有显著统计学意义,P≤0.01),其中10人14次出现PSA反弹,而单纯粒子组与联合治疗患者组PSA反弹发生率差异无统计学意义(22.2%vs 27.3%)。结论超声引导经会阴125I放射性粒子植入治疗前列腺癌具有安全、微创、并发症发生率低等优点。     

实时超声引导125I放射粒子植入术治疗浸润性胰腺癌

目的探讨实时超声引导^125I放射粒子植入术治疗浸润性胰腺癌的临床疗效及其相关因素。方法对已经不能手术切除的25例浸润性胰腺癌患者实施^125I放射粒子植入手术，比较分析术后肿瘤局部控制率、生存率、临床受益反应及其相关影响因素。结果25例中完全缓解2例（8％），部分缓解8例（32％），疾病稳定12例（48％），恶化3例（12％）；有效率40％，疼痛缓解率为92％。术后6、12、18个月生存率分别为81％,29％、7％，术后中位生存时间为11．2个月。植入体积大、植入粒子总活度高、术后未追加局部放疗显示术后生存率低。少数病例植入术后出现Ⅲ、Ⅳ度白细胞下降及低热、腹泻、呕吐，未发生严重感染，2例患者共5颗粒子移位到肝脏。结论实时超声引导^125I放射粒子植入术是治疗浸润性胰腺癌的一种有效、安全、并发症较少的姑息治疗方法。     

超声引导下经皮穿刺植入放射性125I粒子治疗腹部恶性肿瘤

目的探讨超声引导下经皮穿刺植入放射性¹²⁵I粒子治疗腹部恶性肿瘤的临床效果。 方法选取2014年1月至2016年12月在吉林大学中日联谊医院诊治的142例腹部恶性肿瘤患者,其中,42例肝癌,53例胰腺癌,27例腹膜后原发肿瘤,20例腹腔转移癌。均行超声引导下放射性¹²⁵I粒子腹部肿瘤内植入术,统计术前疼痛者,判断术后缓解程度。CT对比手术前后肿瘤长径,并随访有无手术相关并发症。 结果（1）疼痛缓解有效率：87.35%（肝癌85.71%,胰腺癌90.00%,腹膜后肿瘤85.00%,腹腔转移癌84.62%）;（2）肿瘤局部控制有效率：76.06%（肝癌83.33%,胰腺癌73.58%,腹膜后肿瘤70.37%,腹腔转移癌75.00%）;（3）并发症：15例发热、腹腔积液及腹胀各5例、2例胃潴留（一过性）。发生率：19.01%（肝癌19.05%,胰腺癌18.87%,腹膜后肿瘤18.52%,腹腔转移癌20.00%）。 结论对于丧失手术切除机会的腹部恶性肿瘤患者而言,超声引导经皮穿刺放射性¹²⁵I粒子肿瘤内植入术可有效缓解疼痛、较好控制肿瘤的局部生长,并发症少,疗效肯定。超声作为其影像学引导手段,有实时显示、操作简便、定位准确等优势,值得推广应用。     

Radioactive 125I seed implantation for pancreatic cancer with unexpected liver metastasis: A preliminary experience with 26 patients

BACKGROUNDPreoperative diagnosis rate of pancreatic cancer has increased year by year. The prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients with unexpected liver metastasis found by intraoperative exploration is very poor, and there is no effective and unified treatment strategy.AIMTo evaluate the therapeutic effect of radioactive ¹²⁵I seed implantation for pancreatic cancer patients with unexpected liver metastasis.METHODSThe demographics and perioperative outcomes of patients who underwent ¹²⁵I seed implantation to treat pancreatic cancer with unexpected liver metastasis between January 1, 2017 and June 1, 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. During the operation, ¹²⁵I seeds were implanted into the pancreatic tumor under the guidance of intraoperative ultrasound, with a spacing of 1.5 cm and a row spacing of 1.5 cm. For patients with obstructive jaundice and digestive tract obstruction, choledochojejunostomy and gastroenterostomy were performed simultaneously. After operation, the patients were divided into a non-chemotherapy group and a chemotherapy group that received gemcitabine combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel treatment.RESULTSPreoperative imaging evaluation of all patients in this study showed that the tumor was resectable without liver metastasis. There were 26 patients in this study, including 18 males and 8 females, aged 60.5 ± 9.7 years. The most common tumor site was the pancreatic head (17, 65.4%), followed by the pancreatic neck and body (6, 23.2%) and pancreatic tail (3, 11.4%). Fourteen patients (53.8%) underwent palliative surgery and postoperative pain relief occurred in 22 patients (84.6%). The estimated blood loss in operation was 148.3 ± 282.1 mL and one patient received blood transfusion. The postoperative hospital stay was 7.6 ± 2.8 d. One patient had biliary fistula, one had pancreatic fistula, and all recovered after conservative treatment. After operation, 7 patients received chemotherapy and 19 did not. The 1-year survival rate was significantly higher in patients who received chemotherapy than in those who did not (68.6% vs 15.8%, P = 0.012). The mean overall survival of patients in the chemotherapy group and non-chemotherapy group was 16.3 mo and 10 mo, respectively (χ² = 7.083, P = 0.008).CONCLUSIONRadioactive ¹²⁵I seed implantation combined with postoperative chemotherapy can prolong the survival time and relieve pain of pancreatic cancer patients with unexpected liver metastasis.     

CT引导下经皮穿刺微波消融联合~（125）I粒子植入治疗肝癌的术后护理

目的总结肝癌患者经皮穿刺微波消融联合125I放射性粒子植入术术后护理要点。方法对34例肝癌患者行CT引导下经皮穿刺微波消融联合125I放射性粒子植入术,并配合做好术后护理工作。结果本组患者完全缓解（CR）6例,部分缓解（PR）24例,稳定（SD）4例,总有效率为88.2%。术后并发症：发热6例、肝区疼痛7例、呕心、呕吐4例、穿刺点伤口感染1例、胸腔积液1例、穿刺部位出血1例。结论 CT引导下经皮穿刺微波消融联合125I粒子植入治疗肝癌效果较好,术后做好患者病情观察与并发症护理是治疗成功的重要措施。     

CT导向下^125I粒子植入治疗恶性肿瘤腹腔内种植转移

目的 探讨粒子治疗恶性肿瘤腹腔内种植转移灶的临床价值.方法 根据放射性粒子植入计划系统（TPS系统）,通过CT引导对12例患者共47个腹腔种植灶穿刺植入^125I粒子,术后2个月复查CT,回顾性分析临床症状及肿瘤大小变化、生活质量（QOL）评分,并观察并发症发生情况.结果 47个病灶均成功植入粒子,每个病灶植入10～60粒.术后2个月复查：肿瘤直径（1.5±0.9）较术前（5.1±2.3 cm）缩小,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.所有12例病例中,完全缓解（CR）3例,部分缓解（PR）8例,无变化（Nc）1例,无进展（PD）病例.总有效率（CR＋PR）91.7%.腹痛症状缓解率为83.3%,术后2个月QOL评分分别为（56.3±3.8）分较术前（42.2±5.7）分提高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.无严重不良反应发生.结论 ^125I粒子植入是治疗恶性肿瘤腹腔内种植是一种短期内较为有效、安全的姑息性治疗手段.     

125Ⅰ放射性粒子植入治疗骨转移瘤的临床观察

目的 总结125Ⅰ粒子植入治疗骨转移瘤的临床疗效.方法 对25例患者的32个不同来源的骨转移病灶行125Ⅰ粒子植入治疗,观察骨痛缓解情况以及术后骨转移病灶的影像学改变.结果 125Ⅰ粒子植入治疗骨转移瘤的止痛有效率为92 %,其中15例为显效,8例为有效,2例无效.治疗后疼痛分级明显降低（P＜0.05）.术后2个月影像学检查显示,病灶部分缓解者9个,稳定者16个,进展者7个,所有患者治疗后均未出现严重不良反应.结论 125Ⅰ粒子植入治疗骨转移瘤止痛疗效确切,不良反应少,是一种值得推广的治疗方法.     

To explore the curative effect of CT-guided Iodine-125 radioactive seed implantation in the treatment of stage Ⅳprimary hepatocellular carcinoma

ObjectivesTo explore the clinical efficacy and survival of CT-guided Iodine-125 radioactive seed implantation in the treatment of stage Ⅳ primary hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsA retrospective study of 62 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 [60 males, 2 females, age (52.76 ​± ​10.82) years old], All patients were implanted with Iodine-125 radioactive seeds under CT guidance, followed up regularly after operation to observe the clinical efficacy, including comparison of changes in cancer size before and after treatment, tumor marker AFP, and improvement in complications such as abdominal pain and ascites. Follow-up 3–36 months to assess patient survival.ResultsAmong the 62 patients, 3 months after Iodine-125 radioactive seed implantation, 5 cases (8.1%) had complete remission of cancer, 33 cases (53.2%) had partial remission, 12 cases (19.4%) had stable lesions, and 12 cases (19.4%) had disease progression. The effective rate was 61.3%. The tumor volume (31.44 ​± ​14.51cm3) was significantly smaller than before (50.96 ​± ​30.13cm3) (t ​= ​5.303, p ​< ​0.05). The tumor marker AFP (69.28 ​± ​50.99) ug/L of 3 months after implantation was significantly lower than that before treatment (90.63 ​± ​68.58) ug/L (t ​= ​3.702, P ​< ​0.05). The average survival time of Iodine-125 seed implantation for stageⅣhepatocellular carcinoma is 11.47 ​± ​0.85 months, and the median survival time is 9 months. The survival time of the group with better pathological differentiation (gradeⅠ+Ⅱ) was significantly better than that of the group with poor differentiation (grade Ⅲ+Ⅳ) (x2 ​= ​6.869 p ​< ​0.05). Among the 38 patients with different degrees of abdominal pain, 22 patients improved better than before; 15 of 28 patients with different degrees of ascites were better than before. All patients had no serious complications related to treatment.ConclusionsIodine-125 radioactive seed implantation therapy can safely and effectively treat hepatocellular carcinoma, and relieve the clinical symptoms of abdominal pain and ascites.     

经直肠超声引导经直肠植入术及其在前列腺癌~(125)I粒子植入中的应用

目的 探讨经直肠超声(transrectal ultrasonography,TRUS)引导并经直肠穿刺植入~(125)I粒子技术的可行性及其在前列腺癌治疗中的应用.方法 术前运用TRUS对本组42例前列腺癌患者进行前列腺体积研究;通过治疗计划系统(treatment plan system,TPS)制定计划;采用TRUS引导经直肠穿刺将~(125)I粒子植入前列腺实施治疗方案;术后多排螺旋CT扫描判断粒子分布情况并作剂量分布评估,定期随访治疗效果和并发症情况.结果 42例患者手术顺利完成,无因经直肠穿刺引起的严重并发症;术后运用CT扫描见粒子分布符合预定计划;剂量分布评估满意.结论 TRUS引导经直肠穿刺~(125)I粒子植入治疗前列腺癌技术简便快速、安全有效.     

放射性125I粒子联合化疗治疗中晚期肺癌疗效观察

目的探讨放射性125I粒子联合化疗治疗中、晚期肺癌的疗效及安全性评估。方法 53例肺癌患者应用CT引导经皮穿刺植入125I粒子联合化疗治疗,监测治疗前、第2次和第4次化疗后血清癌胚抗原、神经特异性烯醇化酶、细胞角蛋白19片段水平变化,同时行CT等检查。结果治疗后腺癌患者血清癌胚抗原水平、小细胞肺癌患者血清神经特异性烯醇化酶水平、鳞癌患者血清细胞角蛋白19片段水平均较治疗前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后完全缓解率15.09%,部分缓解率为77.36%,无变化5.66%,进展1.89%,近期有效率92.45%。结论 125I粒子植入联合化疗是治疗中、晚期肺癌的有效方法。     

CT导向下~(125)I粒子植入术治疗恶性肿瘤(英文)

背景:放射性粒子植入近距离内照射治疗恶性肿瘤是一种新的放疗手段,随着粒子植入治疗计划系统的出现和CT、超声引导下精确定位系统的逐步完善,使放射性粒子组织间植入治疗得到进一步应用。目的:评价CT导向下瘤体内125I粒子植入治疗恶性肿瘤的操作方法、可行性、安全性及其技术特征。设计:前后对照观察。单位:合肥市第一人民医院。对象:选择2004-01/2005-03合肥市第一人民医院收治的不适合外科手术治疗的恶性肿瘤患者21例,共26个病灶,其中原发性病灶9个,转移性病灶17个。方法:在CT导向下将125I粒子植入恶性肿瘤病灶内,采用治疗计划系统计算布源,125I粒子的放射性活度为22,26,30,33MBq/粒,病灶中心选择较大活度的粒子,病灶边缘及重要器官附近选择较小活度的粒子,较大活度的粒子间距为1.5cm,较小活度的粒子间距为1.0cm。主要观察指标:观察粒子在瘤体内的分布、有无并发症及植入粒子后病灶大小变化。结果:①21例粒子植入均顺利完成,术中无并发症发生,粒子在病灶内的分布与植入前计划基本一致。21例全部进入结果分析。②每个瘤体内植入125I粒子数为5￣40粒(平均14粒)。10例恶性骨肿瘤患者植入术后疼痛均有明显缓解。术后随诊复查CT,18个病灶明显缩小,4个病灶内出现坏死组织,4个病灶大小无明显变化。③11例14个病灶随访5～7个月,植入后平均病灶大小明显小于植入前(1.84cm比3.41cm,t=5.7237,P<0.001);10例12个病灶随访8～10个月,植入后平均病灶大小也明显小于植入前(1.96cm比3.43cm,t=5.5778,P<0.002)。结论:CT导向下瘤体内植入125I粒子近距离放射治疗恶性肿瘤是一种安全、有效治疗方法。     

Comparison of epidural butamben to celiac plexus neurolytic block for the treatment of the pain of pancreatic cancer

OBJECTIVE: To compare pain relief in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients between neurolytic celiac plexus block (NCPB) and epidural 5% butamben suspension (EBS), a material-based delivery system of a local anesthetic that produces a long-lasting differential nerve block. DESIGN: Open-label patient-selected parallel groups. SETTING: Urban tertiary care medical center. PATIENTS: Twenty-four adult patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer experiencing pain uncontrolled by systemic opioids who were referred to a multidisciplinary pain clinic for interventional therapy. INTERVENTIONS: Antecrural NCPB-block with ethanol and epidural 5% butamben suspension injections. MEASURES: Subjective global pain relief assessments on a 0-100% scale were made weekly for 4 weeks and then monthly. Change in opioid use postintervention. RESULTS: Eight patients had a single NCPB and three patients had two NCPB. Four of the former and two of the latter had successful pain relief defined to be a more than 75% reduction in pain when compared with pretreatment maintained for more than 4 weeks or until death (if less than 4 weeks). Thirteen patients received EBS in divided doses. Eleven patients received a cumulative EBS dose of 5 grams, one patient received a cumulative EBS dose of 2.5 grams, and one patient received a cumulative EBS dose of 8.75 grams. Nine of the eleven patients and each of the other two patients had successful pain relief. The overall incidence (85% EBS vs. 55% NCPB), the duration of successful pain relief, and the percent reduction in opioid use did not differ between the two groups. There were no serious complications. CONCLUSION: EBS appears to be a safe and effective alternative to NCPB in the treatment of pancreatic cancer pain.