激光辐照SnO2超微粒薄膜的AES,热电动势率及阻抗谱

研究ＹＡＧ脉冲激光辐照对ＳｎＯ２超微业薄膜的改性作用，由ＡＥＳ分析表明，在大气环境中激光束的轰击可使薄膜表面碳吸量明显减少，并有一定的氧化作用。在３００－６００Ｋ范围内测量激光辐照前后样品的热电动热率（ＴＥＰ），发现激光辐照后ＴＥＰ值明显减小，薄膜发生晶化。激光辐照对超微粒薄膜的电学性质、晶界效应也有影响，表明激光束作用使薄膜粒间效应减弱     

Bi3.6Eu0.4Ti3O12/ZnO多层复合铁电薄膜的结构及光学性能

采用化学溶液沉积法在ITO导电玻璃衬底上制备Bi3.6Eu0.4Ti3O12/ZnO多层复合铁电薄膜,研究了BEuT/ZnO复合薄膜的结构和光学性能.XRD结果表明,不同复合方式获得的BEuT/ZnO薄膜皆形成铋层状钙钛矿多晶结构,ZnO的掺入使钙钛矿相BEuT的晶化程度增强,晶粒增大.光学透过率曲线显示,在大于500nm的波段,各BEuT/ZnO薄膜透过率均比较高.BEuT/ZnO复合薄膜发光性能要优于纯BEuT薄膜,这可归因于ZnO具有强烈的紫外吸收性能及ZnO和Eu3＋之间存在有效能量传递.     

脉冲激光沉积溅射工艺对CIGS薄膜成分和结构的影响

采用脉冲激光沉积溅射法在玻璃衬底上制备Cu-In-Ga预制膜,后经硒化、退火处理,得到CIGS薄膜.采用X射线衍射仪表征了薄膜的晶体结构,采用扫描电子显微镜和能量散射谱观察和分析了薄膜的表面形貌和元素成分,采用光电子能谱分析了薄膜表面的化学价态.结果表明,预制膜采用玻璃/In/Cu-Ga的叠层顺序且溅射脉冲数为In靶60000,Cu-Ga靶50000的溅射方式,可制备出沿(112)晶向择优生长的CIGS薄膜.     

低温生长纳米ZnO薄膜的结构

采用气体放电活化反应蒸发技术(GDARE)，以玻璃为衬底，在较低的温度下沉积纳米ZnO薄膜，用二次蒸镀法克服薄膜生长饱和问题、有效增加膜厚及改善薄膜质量。讨论了GDARE法低温下沉积纳米ZnO薄膜的生长过程及成膜机理。由原子力显微镜(AFM)和X-射线衍射谱(XRD)分析薄膜表面形貌和晶体结构，研究结果表明，二次蒸镀法沉积的双层纳米ZnO薄膜具有更好的结晶质量及长期稳定性，薄膜沿C轴高度取向生长，内应力较小，晶粒尺寸均匀，平均粒径约35nm，表面粗糙度降低。     

增殖前期糖尿病视网膜病变氩激光联合导升明疗效观察

目的观察氩激光联合羟苯磺酸钙治疗增殖前期糖尿病视网膜病变的疗效。方法将45例,74眼确诊为增殖前期糖尿病视网膜病变的患者随机分为氩激光联合羟苯磺酸钙组和单纯氩激光组。分别给予全视网膜激光光凝。伴黄斑水肿者先行黄斑区格栅样光凝,再行全视网膜光凝。治疗后联合导升明（羟苯磺酸钙）组给予口服导升明（羟苯磺酸钙）3个月,单纯氩激光组术后除服用降糖类药物控制血糖外不服用其他药物。术后3个月比较两组视力及眼底变化情况,并进行统计学分析。结果1）视力,氲激光联合羟苯磺酸钙组术后视力提高27眼（71％）无变化7眼（18．4％）下降4眼（10．5％）。单纯氩激光组术后视力提高15眼（41．7％）无变化11眼（30．6％）下降10眼（27．8％）。2）眼底检查,氩激光联合羟苯磺酸钙组术后有效35眼（92．1％）无效3眼（7．9％）。单纯氩激光组术后有效26眼（72．2％）无效10眼（27．8％）。两组视力及眼底情况均有明显改善。其中氩激光联合羟苯磺酸钙组优于单纯氩激光组,且有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论氩激光光凝是治疗增殖前期糖尿病视网膜病变安全有效的方法。导升明（羟苯磺酸钙）可能是一种相对安全和有效的治疗增殖前期糖尿病视网膜病变激光术后的药物。     

氮化钛薄膜改性人工晶体的研究

目的通过离子束溅射沉积氮化钛薄膜在人工晶体上来提高人工晶体的生物相容性等方面的性能。方法离子束溅射沉积氮化钛薄膜于人工晶体上面。通过SEM、AFM等对人工晶体的表面形貌进行分析,且通过人工晶体测量仪测量人工晶体的分辨率和屈光度,并对人工晶体的生物相容性进行初步评价。结果人工晶体材料的表面的微观形貌没有变化,光洁度符合要求,分辨率符和屈光度的国家要求,细胞毒性由原来的1级变为0．6级,溶血率符合国家要求。结论离子束溅射沉积不影响物体的表面形貌和基本的光学性能,并能提高人工晶体的生物相容性。离子束溅射沉积技术为人工晶体的改性提供了新方法和新思路。     

不同功率的氩离子（Ar^＋）激光对小鼠Louis肺癌细胞生长？…

目的：探讨氩离子（Ａｒ＾＋）激光对体外小鼠Ｌｏｕｉｓ肺癌细胞生长的影响。方法：在相同时间内,采用不同功率的激光照射鼠Ｌｏｕｉｓ肺癌细胞,通过脱落细胞－时间曲线来研究。结果：不同功率的激光对细胞生长的影响不同,当功率大于５０ｍＷ时,具有明显的抑制作用,而低于５０ｍＷ则波动较大,甚至有负性生长作用。结论：采用激光治疗肿瘤,激光的功率是决定治疗效果的一个重要因素。     

离子自组装超分子荧光材料及其光致各向异性特性

采用离子自组装的方法,制备了侧链含有肉桂酸光敏基元和二苯乙烯荧光基元的新型超分子复合物PCAMSTIL。通过核磁共振（NMR）和红外光谱（FT-IR）表征了该超分子复合物的结构,并用热重分析(TGA)、紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）和荧光光谱(FL)研究了其热稳定性和光学性能。将PCAMSTIL旋涂成膜,薄膜经过266 nm偏振脉冲激光辐照后,肉桂酸发生轴向选择的［2+2］加成,薄膜垂直于激光偏振方向的紫外可见吸收明显大于平行方向的吸收,证实薄膜具有取向性。取向薄膜的最大吸收二向色性取向值最大可达0.103,优于一般肉桂酸材料的取向性,肉桂酸分子的取向也引起二苯乙烯荧光分子的协同取向,荧光偏振发射比可达1.73。     

纳米颗粒ZnO薄膜气敏机理研究

采用气体放电活化反应蒸发沉积(GDARE)法低温生长纳米颗粒ZnO薄膜.在不同温度下测试其对乙醇的灵敏度,结果表明:285℃附近纳米颗粒ZnO薄膜的灵敏度最高,为9.76,并且其最佳工作温度区间较窄.通过对ZnO薄膜的AFM表面形貌分析、SEM剖面分析和光学透射谱测试,可推测薄膜具有多孔性柱状晶表面结构,结合ZnO薄膜通入乙醇前后的阻抗谱测试结果,从晶粒晶界效应上对纳米颗粒ZnO薄膜的气敏机理进行了讨论.     

氦氖激光内关穴照射对老年冠心病患者血流动力学的影响

目的：研究氦氖激光内关穴照射对老年冠心病患者血流动力学的影响。方法：老年冠心病患者40例，采用氦氖激光照射内关穴，激光波长为632．8nm，功率为5mW，15min/穴，1次／d,20次为1疗程。治疗前（Ⅰ）、首次治疗后即刻（Ⅱ）和第一疗程结束后次日（Ⅲ）检测血流动力学。结果：Ⅰ与Ⅱ比较：心脏总功率（CWT）、左心排指数（LCI）、心肌耗氧量（CMO）、冠脉缺血阈值（CMR）参数改善差异非常显著（P＜0．01），左室有效功率（LWE）改善差异有显著性（P＜0．05）；Ⅰ与Ⅲ比较：CMO、CMR改善差异非常显著（P＜0．01），CWT改善差异有显著性（P＜0．05）。结论：氦氖激光照射内关穴治疗老年冠心病可改善患者心脏功能、冠脉循环和心肌耗氧量，是老年冠心病二级预防和治疗、控制病情发展的方便有效方法。     

羟基磷灰石薄膜对人血浆纤维蛋白原的吸附性能

目的：探讨羟基磷灰石(HA)薄膜的制备方法及其对人血浆纤维蛋白原(Fib)的吸附性能。方法：用电子束蒸发和射频磁控溅射两种技术制备了天然HA薄膜。用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察了HA薄膜的表面形貌，并用光反射干涉仪(RIfS)测试和比较了两种不同技术制备的HA薄膜对Fib的吸附性能。结果：用电子束蒸发和射频磁控溅射制备的HA薄膜，对Fib的吸附厚度分别为7．01nm和0．75nm。结论：用电子束蒸发技术制备的HA薄膜对Fib的吸附能力和吸附牢固度均高于采用射频磁控溅射技术制备的HA薄膜。     

Bi2O3/ZnO nanocomposite: Synthesis,characterizations and its application in electrochemical detection of balofloxacin as an anti-biotic drug

In the present work, a chemically modified electrode has been fabricated utilizing Bi₂O₃/ZnO nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was synthesized by simple sonochemical method and characterized for its structural and morphological properties by using XRD, FESEM, EDAX, HRTEM and XPS techniques. The results clearly indicated co-existence of Bi₂O₃ and ZnO in the nanocomposite with chemical interaction between them. Bi₂O₃/ZnO nanocomposite based glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was utilized for sensitive voltammetric detection of an anti-biotic drug (balofloxacin). The modification amplified the electroactive surface area of the sensor, thus providing more sites for oxidation of analyte. Cyclic and square wave voltammograms revealed that Bi₂O₃/ZnO modified electrode provides excellent electrocatalytic action towards balofloxacin oxidation. The current exhibited a wide linear response in concentration range of 150–1000 nM and detection limit of 40.5 nM was attained. The modified electrode offered advantages in terms of simplicity of preparation, fair stability (RSD 1.45%), appreciable reproducibility (RSD 2.03%) and selectivity. The proposed sensor was applied for determining balofloxacin in commercial pharmaceutical formulations and blood serum samples with the mean recoveries of 99.09% and 99.5%, respectively.     

P(St-co-MMA)微球表面包覆磁性氧化石墨烯的制备与表征

以单分散的苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物(P(St-co-MMA))微球为载体,FeSO₄·7H₂O和FeCl₃·6H₂O为铁源,NaOH为沉淀剂,在氧化石墨烯(GO)存在下,利用反相共沉淀法通过原位复合技术在P(St-co-MMA)微球表面包覆磁性氧化石墨烯(P(St-co-MMA)/Fe₃O₄/GO)。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和氮吸附-脱附等温线对P(St-co-MMA)/Fe₃O₄/GO样品的结构和性能进行表征分析。研究结果表明:纳米级的磁性氧化石墨烯成功地负载在了微米级的共聚物P(St-co-MMA)表面,所制备的P(St-co-MMA)/Fe₃O₄/GO微纳米复合物平均孔径为14.55 nm,孔体积为0.204 2 cm³/g,比表面积为56.14 m²/g。该复合物具有超顺磁性和良好的磁响应性,能够满足磁分离的要求。     

Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activity of Rhizome of Podophyllum hexandrum against Carbon Tetra Chloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Objective To test possible antioxidant activity of n-hexane extract of Podophyllum hexandrum under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Methods The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by the ability of the extract to interact with the stable free radical DPPH, Superoxide (O2-), Hydroxyl (OH-), Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radicals, and reducing power ability of the extract was also evaluated. Under in vivo conditions the extract was evaluated for its hepatoprotective activity by measuring different biochemical parameters, such as serum alanine aminotransaminase, serum aspartate aminotransaminase and serum lactate dehydrogenase and antioxidant enzymes. Antioxidant status was estimated by determining the activities of antioxidative enzymes, glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and by determining the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Results Hexane extract of P. hexandrum exhibited good radical scavenging capacity in neutralization of DPPH, O2-, OH -, and H2O2 radicals in a dose dependent manner. n-hexane extract of Podophyllum hexandrum at the doses of 20, 30, and 50 mg/kg-day produced hepatoprotective effect by decreasing the activity of serum marker enzymes, while it significantly increased the levels of glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), super oxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in a dose dependant manner. The effect of n-hexane extract was comparable to that of standard antioxidant vitamin E. Conclusion The extract of Podophyllum hexandrum possess free radical scavenging activity under in vitro conditions and could protect the liver tissue against CCl 4 induced oxidative stress probably by increasing antioxidant defense activities.     

Behavioral Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,Entorhinal Cortex and Fornix in a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease

Background:

Recent clinical and preclinical studies have suggested that deep brain stimulation (DBS) can be used as a tool to enhance cognitive functions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of DBS at three separate targets in the Papez circuit, including the anterior nucleus of thalamus (ANT), the entorhinal cortex (EC), and the fornix (FX), on cognitive behaviors in an Alzheimer''s disease (AD) rat model.

Methods:

Forty-eight rats were subjected to an intrahippocampal injection of amyloid peptides 1-42 to induce an AD model. Rats were divided into six groups: DBS and sham DBS groups of ANT, EC, and FX. Spatial learning and memory were assessed by the Morris water maze (MWM). Recognition memory was investigated by the novel object recognition memory test (NORM). Locomotor and anxiety-related behaviors were detected by the open field test (OF). By using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), behavior differences between the six groups were analyzed.

Results:

In the MWM, the ANT, EC, and FX DBS groups performed differently in terms of the time spent in the platform zone (F_(2,23) = 6.04, P < 0.01), the frequency of platform crossing (F_(2,23) = 11.53, P < 0.001), and the percent time spent within the platform quadrant (F_(2,23) = 6.29, P < 0.01). In the NORM, the EC and FX DBS groups spent more time with the novel object, although the ANT DBS group did not (F_(2,23) = 10.03, P < 0.001). In the OF, all of the groups showed a similar total distance moved (F_(1,42) = 1.14, P = 0.29) and relative time spent in the center (F_(2,42) = 0.56, P = 0.58).

Conclusions:

Our results demonstrated that DBS of the EC and FX facilitated hippocampus-dependent spatial memory more prominently than ANT DBS. In addition, hippocampus-independent recognition memory was enhanced by EC and FX DBS. None of the targets showed side-effects of anxiety or locomotor behaviors.     

A ventilation strategy during general anaesthesia to reduce postoperative atelectasis

Background. Atelectasis is common during and after general anaesthesia. We hypothesized that a ventilation strategy, without recruitment manoeuvres, using a combination of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and a reduced end-expiratory oxygen fraction (F_ETO₂) before ending mask ventilation with CPAP after extubation would reduce the area of postoperative atelectasis.

Methods. Thirty patients were randomized into three groups. During induction and emergence, inspiratory oxygen fractions (F_IO₂) were 1.0 in the control group and 1.0 or 0.8 in the intervention groups. No CPAP/PEEP was used in the control group, whereas CPAP/PEEP of 6 cmH₂O was used in the intervention groups. After extubation, F_IO₂ was set to 0.30 in the intervention groups and CPAP was applied, aiming at F_ETO₂ < 0.30. Atelectasis was studied by computed tomography 25 min postoperatively.

Results. The median area of atelectasis was 5.2 cm² (range 1.6–12.2 cm²) and 8.5 cm² (3–23.1 cm²) in the groups given F_IO₂ 1.0 with or without CPAP/PEEP, respectively. After correction for body mass index the difference between medians (2.9 cm²) was statistically significant (confidence interval 0.2–7.6 cm², p = 0.04). In the group given F_IO₂ 0.8, in which seven patients were ex- or current smokers, the median area of atelectasis was 8.2 cm² (1.8–14.7 cm²).

Conclusion. Compared with conventional ventilation, after correction for obesity, this ventilation strategy reduced the area of postoperative atelectasis in one of the intervention groups but not in the other group, which included a higher proportion of smokers.     

O3/UV和O3/H2O2氧化法处理聚丙烯酰胺采油废水

为降低油田采油废水的化学需氧量（COD）负荷,提高其可生化性,采用O₃/UV和O₃/H₂O₂氧化法对聚丙烯酰胺采油废水进行处理,分别考察了氧化时间、H₂O₂与O₃物质的量之比、pH以及紫外灯功率对采油废水处理效果的影响。结果表明,与采用单独臭氧氧化相比,O₃/UV以及O₃/H₂O₂联用技术对采油废水中的COD及聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）的去除效果更为显著,废水可生化性均有所提高,且O₃/H₂O₂氧化法对采油废水的可生化性提高程度更大。O₃/UV氧化法对于聚丙烯酰胺采油废水可生化性影响的最佳条件为：pH=8.0,O₃质量浓度为19.7 mg/L,紫外灯功率为18 W,氧化时间为30 min,可生化性（B/C）提高至0.092;O₃/H₂O₂氧化法对于聚丙烯酰胺采油废水可生化性影响的最佳条件为：pH=8.0,O₃质量浓度为19.7 mg/L,H₂O₂与O₃物质的量之比为0.3,氧化时间为30 min,B/C提高至0.175。氧化预处理提高了废水的可生化性,减轻了后续生化处理压力。     

Study on Oxygen Supply and Protection of Bone Marrow in Acute Radiation injured Mice

Itwasreportedthatacuteradiationcoulddestroythemurinebonemarrowmicrovesselsystemandledtostasisofbloodll].WeareleadtoasksuchquestionaswhatchangeswouldtakeplaceastotheOxygensupplyofbonemarrowmicroenviromentinthissituation.InviewoftheChinesetraditionaltheoryofblood--activatingandstasis--eliminating,weobservedtheeffectsofcommonlyusedblood--activatingandstasis-eliminatingdrug(acompoundpreparationcomposedofredsageroot,Chineseangelicaroot,Chuanxiongrhizomeandredpeomyroot)ontherehabilitationandoxygens…