卡维地洛对慢性心力衰竭患者疗效观察

目的观察β受体阻滞剂卡维地洛对慢性充血性心力衰竭（CHF）的临床疗效及安全性。方法将慢性充血性心力衰竭患者120例,随机分为卡维地洛组60例,美托洛尔组60例,随访6个月,比较2组的心功能改善情况。结果卡维地洛组及美托洛尔用药后2组患者左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDd）、左心室收缩期内径（LVEDs）、左心房内径（LAD）显著缩小（均为P〈0.01）;左心室射血分数（LVEF）显著增加（卡维地洛组P〈0.01,美托洛尔组P〈0.05）,且卡维地洛对LVEDs、RVD、LVEF的改善作用更优于美托洛尔（LVEDs、RVD均为P〈0.01,LVEF为P〈0.05）。结论卡维地洛及美托洛尔对CHF均有较好疗效,且卡维地洛疗效优于美托洛尔。     

卡维地洛与美托洛尔对慢性心力衰竭患者长期疗效比较

目的:观察两种β受体阻滞剂卡维地洛与美托洛尔对慢性充血性心力衰竭(CHF)的长期疗效.方法:慢性充血性心力衰竭患者65例,随机分为卡维地洛组32例,美托洛尔组33例,随访6个月,比较两组的心功能改善情况.结果:卡维地洛组及美托洛尔用药后两组患者左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)、左心室收缩期内径(LVEDs)、右心室内径(RVD)、左心房内径(LAD)显著缩小(均为P＜0.01);左心室射血分数(LVEF)显著增加(卡维地洛组P＜0.01,美托洛尔组P＜0.05),且卡维地洛对LVEDs、RVD、LVEF的改善作用更优于美托洛尔(LVEDs、RVD均为P＜0.01,LVEF为P＜0.05).结论:卡维地洛及美托洛尔均能明显改善心功能,提高生活质量,且卡维地洛疗效优于美托洛尔.     

卡维地洛与美托洛尔治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭疗效比较

目的比较非选择性β受体阻滞剂卡维地洛与选择性β受体阻滞剂美托洛尔治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭效果的差异。方法将2011年5月至2013年10月收治的108例慢性心力衰竭、心功能II~IV级的患者,随机分为卡维地洛组（n=54）和美托洛尔组（n=54）;两组在常规抗心力衰竭治疗的基础上分别加用卡维地洛和美托洛尔治疗6个月,比较两组治疗前后心脏多普勒超声左心室舒张末内径（LVEDd）、左心室收缩末期内径（LVESd）、每搏量（SV）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）的变化,同时检测6 min步行距离（6MWD）。结果 6个月疗程结束后,两组患者LVEDd、LVESd均较治疗前减小（P均〈0.01）;SV及LVEF均较治疗前显著增加（P均〈0.01）,6MWD明显延长（P均〈0.01）;卡维地洛组LVEDd减少及LVEF增加更显著,6MWD延长更明显（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;治疗组临床总有效率显著高于观察组（P〈0.05）。结论卡维地洛治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭疗效优于美托洛尔,未增加不良反应发生率,是治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭有效可靠的药物。     

卡维地洛与美托洛尔对缺血性心脏病疗效的对比分析

目的：探讨卡维地洛与美托洛尔两种不同类型的β受体阻滞剂对缺血性心脏病心功能和心室重塑的影响。方法：将64例缺血性心脏病患者在常规治疗心力衰竭（心衰）基础上随机分为卡维地洛组（A组33例）和美托洛尔组（B组31例）,应用超声心动图分别于治疗前、治疗6个月后测量左心室短轴缩短分数（FS）,左心室射血分数（LVEF）,舒张早期充盈峰速度（E峰）,舒张晚期充盈峰速度（A峰）,E/A、左心室重量指数和左心室球径指数。结果：①A组28例、B组27例用于分析。②两组治疗后,左心收缩功能、舒张功能及心室重塑各参数与治疗前比较,均有显著改善（P〈0.05）。③治疗后LVEF在A组与B组比较差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;而FS、E峰、A峰和E/A两组比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。④治疗后A、B两组的左心室重量指数和左心室球径指数比较差异有显著性（P〉0.05）。结论：卡维地洛在改善左心室射血分数和心室重塑方面较美托洛尔更显著,治疗缺血性心脏病更优越。     

卡维地洛与美托洛尔治疗慢性心力衰竭比较

目的对比第三代β-受体阻滞剂卡维地洛与第二代β-受体阻滞剂美托洛尔对慢性心力衰竭的临床疗效,为临床治疗药物的选择提供依据。方法60例患者随机分为卡维地洛组(n=30)和美托洛尔组(n=30),治疗6个月,监测2组治疗前后每搏输出量(SV)、左室射血分数(LVEF)及疗效。结果卡维地洛组总有效率86.7%,美托洛尔总有效率73.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论卡维地洛和美托洛尔这两种β-受体阻滞剂在治疗慢性心力衰竭方面,卡维地洛优于美托洛尔,临床上使用美托洛尔疗效较差或耐受性差的心力衰竭患者可考虑改用卡维地洛治疗。     

卡维地洛与美托洛尔治疗慢性心力衰竭疗效比较

目的：对比第三代β-受体阻滞剂卡维地洛与第二代β-受体阻滞剂美托洛尔对慢性充血性心力衰竭（CHF）的长期临床疗效，为临床治疗药物的选择提供依据。方法：81例患者随机分为卡维地洛组（n=43）和美托洛尔组（n=38），治疗6个月，监测2组治疗前后心率（fH）、血压、NYHA心功能分级、左心室内径（dLVED、dLVES）、射血分数（LVEF）及短轴缩短率（FS）、6min步行试验（6MWT）距离和QT离散度（QTd）的变化。结果：卡维地洛组有3例患者因临床情况恶化而停药，8例患者未达目标剂量；美托洛尔组2例患者因临床情况恶化而停药，5例患者未达目标剂量。美托洛尔组心率的减慢明显优于卡维地洛组（P〈0．01），卡维地洛组收缩压和舒张压的下降比美托洛尔组明显（P〈0．05），卡维地洛组NYHA心功能分级和LVEF、FS、dLVED与dLVES的改善优于美托洛尔组（P〈0．05），美托洛尔组6MWT距离的增加比卡维地洛组明显（P〈0．05），卡维地洛组QTd的减小比美托洛尔组明显（P〈0．05）。结论：美托洛尔与卡维地洛的长期临床疗效有明显差异，卡维地洛降压、增加心肌收缩力、改善心功能、逆转心肌重构作用更强，并具有抗心律失常作用；而美托洛尔减慢心率、提高运动耐量的作用比卡维地洛明显。提示可根据患者的不同特征和需要进行有选择的应用。     

卡维地洛和美托洛尔对左室舒张功能及心室重塑影响的对比观察

目的探讨卡维地洛与美托洛尔两种不同类型的β-受体阻滞剂对充血性心力衰竭患者左室舒张功能和心室重塑的影响。方法将68例充血性心力衰竭患者在常规治疗心力衰竭(心衰)基础上随机分为卡维地洛组(A组35例)和美托洛尔组(B组33例),应用超声心动图分别于治疗前、治疗6个月后、12个月后测量左心室舒张早期充盈峰速度(E峰)、左心室舒张晚期充盈峰速度(A峰)、E/A、左心室舒张早期充盈峰减速时间(EDT)、E波流速积分(Ei)以及室间隔厚度(IVS)、左室后壁厚度(IVPW)、左室重量指数(LVMI)、左室球径指数(LVGI)。结果随访59例(A组30例、B组29例)发现:①治疗6个月时,两组的E峰、A峰、E/A、LVMI、LVGI均较治疗前差异有高度显著性(P<0.01);A组LV-MI、LVGI较B组显著减少(P<0.05或0.01)。②治疗12个月时两组的E峰、A峰、E/A、LVMI、LVGI、IVS、LVPW均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.01或0.05);A组的E峰、LVMI、LVGI、LVPW较B组差异有显著性(P<0.01或0.05)。结论卡维地洛在改善左心室舒张功能和心室重塑方面较美托洛尔更显著,治疗充血性心力衰竭更有优势。     

不同β-受体阻滞剂对扩张型心肌病的长期疗效比较

目的:观察两种β-受体阻滞剂卡维地洛与美托洛尔对扩张型心肌病的长期疗效.方法:将扩张型心肌病86例随机分成卡维地洛组43例,美托洛尔组43例,随访6个月～4年,平均2.2年,比较两组间心功能、心脏结构改善情况.结果:两组用药后左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)、左心室收缩期内径(LVEDs)、右心室内径(RVD)显著缩小(均P<0.01),左心房内径(LAD)显著缩小(均P<0.05),左心室射血分数(LVEF)显著增加(均P<0.01);治疗后卡维地洛组较美托洛尔组进一步改善(LVEDs、LVEF均P<0.01,LVEDd、RVD均P<0.05).结论:卡维地洛与美托洛尔均能显著改善心功能、逆转心室重塑,且卡维地洛优于美托洛尔.     

美托洛尔治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭的临床分析

目的 探讨美托洛尔在慢性充血性心力衰竭治疗中的临床价值.方法 收集78例慢性充血性心力衰竭患者,随机分为美托洛尔组(39例)和对照组(39例),对照组予常规治疗,观察组在此基础上加用美托洛尔. 分别统计2组治疗3个月后心率(HR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)的变化,并根据NYHA分级标准对心功能改善情况进行评估. 结果 2组心率、血压均较治疗前下降,但观察组下降幅度更大,2组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后左心室舒张末期内径较治疗前明显下降,而对照组无显著差异;2组治疗后左心室射血分数均上升,观察组上升幅度更大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05). 2组心功能改善情况: 观察组总有效率为89.74%, 高于对照组的66.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论 在常规治疗的基础上应用β2受体阻滞剂美托洛尔能改善充血性心力衰竭患者的心率、血压及心功能,提高左心室射血分数,疗效显著,值得临床推广应用.     

美托洛尔对慢性充血性心力衰竭患者心脏结构及心率震荡的影响

目的 观察慢性充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者心率震荡(HRT)现象的特点,以及美托洛尔治疗后患者心脏结构、功能及HRT的变化.方法 测定并比较118例慢性充血性心力衰竭者和40例健康体检者(C组)的左心室舒张末期内径(LVDD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、室性早搏后的震荡初始(TO)和震荡斜率(TS)值;并将慢性充血性心力衰竭患者随机分为美托洛尔治疗组(A组)和基础药物治疗组(B组),各39例.A组在B组常规治疗基础上加用美托洛尔口服,所有慢性充血性心力衰竭患者分别于治疗6周后复查24 h动态心电图及心脏彩超.结果 C组TO<0,而CHF患者TO>0;CHF患者的TS显著低于C组(P<0.05).CHF组患者治疗6周后,LVDD、LVEF、HRT均有显著改善:LVDD、TO下降,LVEF、TS升高,且A组较B组改善显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 慢性充血性心力衰竭患者中会出现HRT钝化现象,美托洛尔能改善其HRT和心脏结构及功能.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.