老年与青年结核性胸膜炎临床对比分析

目的探讨老年患者结核性胸膜炎的临床特点。方法本院2003至2004年间共收治结核性胸膜炎443例,老年患者结核性胸膜炎77例,青年患者结核性胸膜炎172例,就两组临床特点实验室检查资料进行对比分析,统计学处理用卡方检验。结果老年患者结核性胸膜炎以气急、胸痛症状较多见,青年患者结核性胸膜炎发热明显,而痰血或咯血、盗汗、消瘦、纳差无明显差异。合并肺结核、慢支肺气肿多见。血液及胸水结核抗体阳性率较青年组高,血性胸水老年患者多见。治疗后胸水吸收时间慢,易出现胸膜增厚,治愈率低于青年组。结论掌握老年患者结核性胸膜炎的临床特点,综合分析,早期诊断。治疗老年患者应尽可能做到个体化用药。     

51例结核性胸膜炎临床分析

目的探讨结核性胸膜炎的临床治疗方法。方法为我院2000～2005年间收治的51例结核性胸膜炎病例。结果胸穿抽液1次11例,2次18例,3次19例,4次以上3例。12例胸水在一月内完全吸收,30例胸水在两月内完全吸收,9例胸水在五月内完全吸收。完成抗痨疗程后,患者均临床治疗痊愈。12例存在胸膜增厚。结论有效的抗结核治疗、适量使用激素、及时抽胸水、营养支持疗法、采取正确体位、引导患者做深呼吸运动是治愈结核性胸膜炎的关键。     

焦树德治疗结核性胸膜炎经验应用效果分析

目的：探讨焦树德治疗结核性胸膜炎经验在缩短胸水消失时间及防止胸膜肥厚粘连的临床疗效。方法：64例中至大量游离结核性胸腔积液患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组在抗痨及常规胸穿抽液的基础上加用中药治疗。统计治疗3个月后两组进行效果分析。结果：59例患者参与最后结果分析。治疗3个月后治疗组、对照组胸膜肥厚发生率是6．7％、31．0％（有效率分别是：93．3％、69．0％）（P〈0．05）；治疗组胸腔积液消失时间短，具有极显著性差异。结论：应用焦树德经验采用中西医联合治疗可显著缩短胸水吸收时间，有效防止胸膜肥厚粘连的发生。     

88例老年结核性胸膜炎临床分析

目的:探讨老年患者结核性胸膜炎的临床特点.方法:本院1996至2005年间共收治老年结核性胸膜炎患者88例,青年结核性胸膜炎患者90例,就两组临床特点实验室检查资料进行对比分析.结果:老年患者以气急、胸痛症状较多见,青年患者发热明显.老年患者合并肺结核、慢支肺气肿多见.血液及胸水结核抗体阳性率较青年组低,血性胸水老年患者多见.治疗后胸水吸收时间慢,易出现胸膜增厚,治愈率低于青年组.结论:掌握老年患者的临床特点,综合分析,早期诊断.治疗上除常规抗痨外,应加强全身支持疗法,采取多种措施,提高治愈率.     

胸腔置管引流术治疗结核性胸膜炎42例临床分析

目的探讨和评价胸腔置管引流治疗结核性胸膜炎的疗效和价值.方法将42例结核性胸膜炎患者随机分为置管引流组(治疗组)和胸穿抽液组(对照组),比较2组患者胸水消失的时间、治疗1个月后治疗效果及不良反应.结果治疗组胸水消失时间为(6.20±4.64)d,对照组为(10.59±5.58)d;1个月后治疗组胸液控制率91%,对照组胸液控制率67%.2组胸水消失时间及胸液控制率比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论:胸腔置管引流治疗结核性胸膜炎疗效确切,操作简单,不良反应少.     

结核性胸膜炎胸膜增厚的防范

目的：探讨影响结核性渗出性胸膜炎胸水不完全吸收和发生胸膜肥厚的因素。方法：对1996年1月－1999年12月收治的8例结核性渗出性胸膜炎患者发生胸水不全吸收和胸膜肥厚的原因进行分析。结果：胸水全吸收的发生率和胸膜肥厚的发生率与就诊时间、胸水蛋白含量、血浆白蛋白含量及是否抽液有关。结论：促进结核性渗出性胸膜炎患者胸水吸收和降低胸膜肥厚发生率强调早期就诊，积极治疗,其治疗的主要措施是规则的抗结核治疗，积极的胸穿抽液，合理地应用激素。     

胸腔置管引流联合尿激酶对结核性渗出性胸膜炎患者疗效及安全性

目的 观察胸腔置管引流与尿激酶联合治疗结核性渗出性胸膜炎的临床效果.方法 以2018年7月-2019年7月在我院收治的150例结核性渗出性胸膜炎患者为例,按此治疗计划分为A、B两组,各组为75例,将两组患者相关临床指标时间、并发症及治疗效果进行归纳、总结.结果 B组症状消失时间、住院时间、引流时间、胸水完全消失时间分别...     

针灸结合TDP灯治疗结核性渗出性胸膜炎临床观察

目的:评价针灸结合TDP灯治疗结核性渗出性胸膜炎的疗效。方法:将84例结核性渗出性胸膜炎患者根据随机数字表法,按随机原则分为两组,治疗组和对照组各42例。对照组采用常规的西医治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加以针灸和TDP灯热疗治疗。1个月为1个疗程,经过2个疗程的治疗后,分别统计两组的胸水消失时间以及疗效并作比较。结果:两组治疗后对胸水消失时间、治疗疗效进行比较,具有显著性差异(P0.05),治疗组明显优于对照组。结论:针灸配合TDP灯热疗辅助治疗结核性渗出性胸膜炎,能够促进胸水的尽快消失,具有良好的临床疗效,值得临床推广应用。     

胸腔内注射利福平、碳酸氢钠治疗结核性胸膜炎疗效观察

目的:观察胸腔内注射利福平、碳酸氢钠液治疗结核性胸膜炎的临床疗效。方法:将80例结核性胸膜炎患者分为治疗组(n=40例)和对照组(n=40例)。两组均给予微创胸腔置管引流、常规抗结核、口服泼尼松的基础治疗。治疗组在胸腔内注射利福平、碳酸氢钠;对照组在胸腔内注射碳酸氢钠。比较两组患者胸闷症状消失时间、胸水消失时间、FEV_1、胸腔积液中IL-6与不良反应发生率。结果:治疗组患者胸闷症状消失时间、胸水消失时间、FEV_1、胸腔积液中IL-6均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:结核性胸膜炎患者在胸腔置管引流、常规抗结核、口服泼尼松的基础治疗上,胸腔内注射利福平、碳酸氢钠在缩短胸闷症状消失时间、缩短胸水消失时间、FEV_1、胸腔积液中IL-6上均比胸腔内注射碳酸氢钠效果显著,值得临床推广。     

胸腔置管持续引流治疗结核性胸膜炎206例临床分析

目的:探讨胸腔置入中心静脉导管持续引流治疗结核性胸膜炎的临床疗效。方法:将392例结核性胸膜炎患者分为2组:治疗组206例,采用中心静脉导管置入胸腔持续引流胸水;对照组186例,采用常规胸腔穿刺抽胸水。比较2组患者治疗后胸水消失时间及3、7、14 d后胸水吸收率。结果:治疗组胸水消失时间(7±5)d,对照组(17±9)d,有明显差异;治疗组3、7、14 d胸水吸收率均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:胸腔置管持续引流治疗结核性胸膜炎疗效确切,操作简便,值得推广。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.