儿童医院护理人员工作压力源及工作倦怠感的调查

目的了解儿童医院护理人员工作的主要压力源及工作倦怠现状,分析工作压力源对工作倦怠的影响。方法采用便利抽样方法,应用护士工作压力源量表、工作倦怠感量表对某儿童医院758名护理人员进行问卷调查。结果儿童医院护理人员的工作压力主要来自工作量及时间分配、专业及工作和患儿护理方面。儿童医院护理人员的倦怠得分明显高于常模及综合医院护理人员,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。回归分析显示,工作压力源是影响工作倦怠的重要因素。结论医院及护理者应根据儿童医院护理人员工作压力源及工作压力倦怠感的关系,采取积极措施加以干预,保障护理人员的身心健康。     

The relationship between hardiness, coping strategies and burnout in psychiatric nurses

Hardiness is a personality trait in which the ability to buffer the health related effects of stress is inherent. It has been frequently and enthusiastically investigated in connection with human health. In order to understand hardiness in psychiatric nurses, to prevent burnout, and to enhance the quality of nursing care, this study sought to investigate the relationships between hardiness, burnout and quality of nursing care. One hundred and forty-seven psychiatric nurses were selected in a stratified random sample from the psychiatric units of district hospitals in Taipei City. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and concerned: (1) demographic variables, (2) the Health Related Hardiness Scale, (3) the Jalowiec Coping Scale, and (4) the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The main results indicated that: (1) Most respondents enjoyed high levels of hardiness (M = 157.84, SD = 18.42); (2) Respondents' levels of hardiness were positively correlated to the use of confrontational coping styles, optimistic coping styles, supportive coping styles and self-reliant coping styles; (3) Levels of hardiness were negatively correlated to emotional exhaustion but positively correlated to personal accomplishment; (4) There was a significantly positive correlation between the evasive coping style and emotional exhaustion; (5) The confrontational, optimistic and self-reliant coping styles were positively correlated to personal accomplishment. The findings of this study should contribute to our understanding of the relationship between hardiness, coping strategies and burnout in psychiatric nurses.     

护士职业认同水平与其工作压力、职业倦怠的相关性研究

目的探讨临床护士的职业认同水平与其工作压力、职业倦怠之间的关系。方法采用护士职业认同问卷、护士工作压力源量表及护士职业倦怠量表对上海市9所医院的524名临床护士实施问卷调查。结果护士的职业认同处于中等水平,工作量及时间分配位居其工作压力源之首,存在一定程度的工作倦怠;护士的职业认同水平与其工作压力及职业倦怠程度呈负相关,即护士的职业认同水平越高,其感知的工作压力及职业倦怠程度越轻。结论提升护士的职业认同水平,有望缓解护士的工作压力及职业倦怠,也为护理人力资源管理寻求有效干预策略拓展新视角。     

妇幼专科医院不同科室护士职业倦怠现状调查

目的了解妇幼专科医院不同科室护士职业倦怠状况。方法运用护士职业倦怠量表对妇幼专科医院的349名护士进行调查。结果护士职业倦怠总分为(138.18±22.42)分,中、重度职业倦怠检出率为44.13%。不同科室护士在职业倦怠总分、压力源、职业倦怠、人格积极特征和职业倦怠结局方面差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论临床护士是职业倦怠的高发人群,应得到社会各方面的重视,采取相应对策帮助其缓解职业倦怠,为患者提供更优质的护理服务。     

护士工作压力现状的调查分析及应对措施

目的 对护士工作压力现状进行调查研究,探求缓解护士工作压力的有效措施.方法 在文献研究的基础上采用访谈与问卷调查相结合的方法对齐鲁医院199名护士进行调查,了解护士工作压力现状并制订应对措施.结果 74.4％的护士承受较高甚至是非常高的工作压力并且在福利待遇、晋升以及工作量与时间分配上3个条目的压力感受最强烈,不同年龄、职称、学历、科室的护士对工作压力的感受有所不同,有49.7％的护士处在较高的工作倦怠状态下.结论 护士工作压力与工作倦怠现象严重,应当从环境层面、组织层面、个人层面对护士的工作压力进行疏导与管理.     

护士工作压力源及工作疲溃感的调查研究

目的 :了解护士工作的主要压力源及工作疲溃感 ,并明确压力源与工作疲溃感之间的关系 ,以帮助管理层及护士本人正确的认识工作压力 ,设法减少工作压力 ,从而提高护士的工作效率及护理质量。方法 :采用问卷调查法 ,对西安市 4所教学医院临床护士的工作压力源、工作疲溃感以及他们之间的关系进行了探讨。结果 :临床护士的工作压力源依次为 :护理专业及工作方面的问题 ;工作量及时间分配问题 ;环境及资源方面的问题 ;病人护理方面的问题 ;管理及人际关系方面的问题。工作高度疲溃感的护士占 5 9.1% ,工作压力源与工作疲溃感之间呈显著性相关。结论 :建议从管理角度减少或消除护士工作压力源 ,并对护士进行减轻工作压力的训练     

县级医院护士工作压力源及工作疲溃感调查分析

目的:调查并分析县级医院护士的工作压力源及工作疲溃感.方法:在潍坊地区三家二级甲等医院共300名护士中发放问卷,调查护士工作压力源和工作疲溃感情况.结果:县级医院护士工作压力源主要有继续深造的机会少、工资福利待遇低、晋升的机会太少、上班的护士数量少等;县级医院护士的"工作无成就感"在中度以上,高度"工作无成就感"占37.50%;护理工作压力源某些方面与疲溃感呈正相关(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论:县级医院护士工作压力源和工作疲溃感有相关性,并有其与三级医院不同的特点,护理管理者应根据县级医院的实际情况采取措施,可降低护士的工作压力及工作疲溃感.     

护士职业压力与工作倦怠调查研究

目的：了解护士职业压力及工作倦怠状况,探讨职业压力与工作倦怠的相互关系。方法;在深圳市共对8家医院的护士进行问卷调查,回收护士工作压力源量表和工作倦怠量表有效问卷167份。结果：门诊护士压力高于内、外科护士的压力（P〈0．05）;门诊护士的工作倦怠感较高,并与内、外科的护士有统计学差异（P〈0．05）;护理工作压力源的5个方面及总分与工作倦怠水平有不同程度的相关（P〈0．05）。结论：建议从管理角度采取措施减少或消除护士职业压力源,并对护士进行减压方面的训练。     

Burnout symptoms in forensic mental health nurses: Results from a longitudinal study

Burnout in nursing staff is a major cause for turnover and absenteeism. Identifying risk and protective factors may be helpful in decreasing burnout symptoms. Moreover, research indicates that ambulatory assessments of the autonomic nervous system might be helpful in detecting long‐term stress and burnout symptoms. One hundred and ten forensic nursing staff members completed questionnaires measuring experiences with aggressive behaviour, emotional intelligence, personality, and job stress during four waves of data collection across a 2‐year period. Multilevel analyses were used to test the predicted associations and moderation effects with (the development of) burnout symptoms. Burnout was predicted by a combination of emotional intelligence, job stress, aggression, personality factors, and skin conductance, but no moderation effects over time were found. Over a period of 2 years, the model approximately predicts a change in one burnout category on the Maslach Burnout Inventory . The amount of burnout symptoms in nurses might be used as an indicator to predict turnover and absenteeism considering the increase in symptoms over time . Nursing staff who experience severe aggression and who have relatively low levels of emotional intelligence and altruism and high levels of neuroticism and job stress should be monitored and supported to decrease the risk of burnout. Staff members can be trained to increase their emotional intelligence and relieve stress to decrease their burnout symptoms and turnover and absenteeism on the long term. Ambulatory assessment might be helpful as a nonintrusive way to detect increasing levels of burnout.     

护士工作压力源与倦怠感相关因素研究

目的 了解护士工作的主要压力源、工作倦怠感及相关影响因素,为认识和降低工作压力与倦怠感,提高护士的工作效率及护理质量提供参考。 方法 采用问卷调查法,对上海市宝山地区3所二级甲等以上综合医院912名临床护士的工作压力源、工作倦怠感以及相关因素进行调查分析。 结果 工作压力源的5大主要问题分均高于文献(P<0.001);工作冷漠感分高于文献(P<0.001);成就感低落分低于文献(P<0.001);重度工作冷漠感和重度成就低落感护士分别占48.6%和74.3%;工作倦怠感与工作压力源、被辱骂次数相关(P<0．01),与PSSS分、年龄、荣誉负相关(P<0．01);工作冷漠感与职称负相关(P<0．01); 成就感低落与学历负相关(P<0．01)。 结论 护士工作压力源与倦怠感较严重,医院管理者的积极干预措施和宏观优化护士执业环境应同步推进。     

Personality hardiness, occupational stress, and burnout in critical care nurses

Personality hardiness, occupational stress, and burnout were investigated in 100 critical care nurses. Hardiness was predictive of occupational stress and burnout. Hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that one of the three dimensions of hardiness, commitment to work, was the only variable to account for significant amounts of variance (up to 24%) across three of four measures of burnout. The study did not provide support for the stress buffering effect of hardiness. That is, an interaction term, hardiness x occupational stress, was not convincingly predictive of burnout in nurses. The findings are discussed in terms of other research on burnout in critical care nurses and recent issues on the conceptualization of hardiness.     

Interactive model of women's stressors, personality traits and health problems

Theories have linked various stressors with health problems, and some studies have identified personality traits that enhance health. However, few studies have examined the interaction among women's stressors, personality traits and their health. This retrospective study (1996-1997) analysed the effects of women's major stressors and personality traits on symptoms of health problems, and developed a model of women's health based on the interaction among these factors. A convenience sample of 300 women aged between 18 and 66 years completed a questionnaire that measured three types of stressors, eight personality traits and 40 symptoms of health problems. Principle components and factor analyses identified the best items to measure the stressors, traits and problems. New reduced data subsets were constructed for classification tree analyses to identify the effects of stressors and personality traits on women's health. Women with medium or high stressors and low assertiveness, low hardiness, or the inability to express their feelings, were more likely to report physical symptoms than women who were stronger in these personality traits. Also, women with medium or high stressors and low to medium trust or love relationships were very likely to report high emotional symptoms, as were women with high trust or love, who did not express their feelings. An interactive model of women's health was supported. The amount of women's stressors and their personality traits may increase or diminish their stress response and affect their health. Nurses can identify women with high stressors and unhealthy personality traits that increase their risk for stress-related illnesses, and assist these women to modify their stressors or personality traits to enhance their health.     

北京城区综合性医院护士职业倦怠影响因素的追踪研究

目的:了解综合性医院护士职业倦怠发生及影响因素的动态变化。方法:采用整群抽样方法,对2006-2009年北京城区综合医院1630名护士的职业倦怠、工作满意度、社会支持等进行追踪调查。结果:①2009年高学历、高收入、愿意从事护理工作的人数高于2006年;②2009年倦怠状况好于2006年,高度倦怠发生率在EE、DP维度下降,PA没有变化;③精神质人格、神经质人格、工作性质、工作期望、人际关系应激、支持、交谈、年龄是护士职业倦怠发生率的影响因素;④倦怠组血液皮质醇含量高于非倦怠组。结论:①护士职业倦怠状况明显改善;②重视人格特征对护士职业倦怠的影响;③积极推进护士群体的支持性团体建设。     

Impact of post-traumatic stress disorder and job-related stress on burnout: a study of fire service workers

Burnout and stress are common, related problems in service professionals, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a major concern among fire service workers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of PTSD and job-related stressors on burnout. A total of 243 fire service workers completed questionnaires, including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and Japan Brief Job Stress Questionnaire. Relationships were found between PTSD and burnout, and between job stressors and burnout. Social support reduced the impact on burnout. Stressors that impacted on burnout in fire service personnel were PTSD-related acute stress and general job-related chronic stress. Countermeasures, not only against job stress, but also against PTSD-related stress, are essential to prevent burnout. Social support and the development of human relationships in the work place are crucial in mitigating burnout.     

护士群体应对方式和人格特征对职业倦怠的影响

目的：探讨应对策略、人格特征对护士职业倦怠的影响。方法采取整群抽样法,选择本院内科、外科及精神科的临床护士140名为研究对象,采用护士职业倦怠量表、简易应对方式问卷以及五大人格简式量表对这140名临床护士进行调查。结果护士职业倦怠在不同年龄、文化程度、工作岗位、劳动关系以及职称5个方面具有显著性差异（P＜0．05）;职业倦怠高分组在神经质人格特征方面得分显著高于低分组（P＜0．01）,积极应对方式、外倾性、宜人性以及谨慎性则是低分组显著高于高分组（P＜0．01）;情绪疲惫、人格解体、个人成就感降低以及职业倦怠总分与积极应对方式、宜人性及谨慎性人格特征呈显著负相关,而与神经质人格特征呈显著正相关（P＜0．01）;劳动关系、职称、神经质、宜人性和谨慎性人格特征可以对职业倦怠进行预测,可解释回归模型40．6％的变异量。结论年龄在26～30岁、学历高、职称低、从事内外科护理的非在编人员职业倦怠水平高;高职业倦怠水平护士不善于采用积极应对方式,人格特征方面表现为焦虑、压抑等神经质倾向,而宜人性及谨慎性等积极人格特征相对缺少;积极应对方式和人格特质对职业倦怠起到保护作用,而消极应对方式和人格特质是职业倦怠的危险因素。     

Job stress and occupational burnout among clinical nursing teachers: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundClinical nursing teachers face conflicts and challenges while instructing nursing students in the clinical setting. They may be under job stress, which can lead to occupational burnout.PurposeThis study investigated the current state and relationship between job stress and occupational burnout, as well as explore the significant predictors of occupational burnout among clinical nursing teachers.MethodsA cross-sectional study design and convenience sampling was conducted. A total of 205 clinical nursing teachers from 43 nursing schools in Taiwan. Used the Chinese version of the job content questions and occupational burnout inventory to collect data. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the predictors of occupational burnout.ResultsThe degree of perception of life stress by teachers was moderate, and occupational burnout was mild to moderate. Multiple regression analyses showed that perceived life stress and job stress were significant predictors of occupational burnout; perceived life stress was the strongest predictor of occupational burnout, explained 26.4% of the variance; and the workload explained 16.6% of the variance.ConclusionPerceived life stress and job stress influence occupational burnout. This study results may help administrators recognize the vulnerability of clinical nursing teachers to different stressors and develop strategies to improve occupational burnout.