初级卫生保健的发展方向是全科医学服务

自从我国卫生部,国家计划委员会、农业部、国家环境保护局、全国爱委会联合发布的《关于下发“我国农村实现2000年人人享有卫生保键的规划目标”的通知》以来,在幅员辽阔的广大农村里,热火朝天地掀起了实现全球“2000年人人享有卫生保健”战略目标的初级卫生保健活动。按照初级卫生保健规划目标,于1991年已经完成了“两步”走,三阶段的第一阶段任务,目前已有377个县(市)试点有293个县(市)先期达标,并涌现出一批达标先进县(市),我国初级卫生保健工作     

浅释初级卫生保健社区卫生服务与全科医学的关系

在我国近几年来连续出台了初级卫生保健、社区卫生服务与全科医疗，它们之间有什么联系？如何确认它们之间的关系？彼此还存在那些不同，这是值得探讨的，同时也应该在理论形式上和实践操作上搞清楚，以便于在实际工作应用上有明确的目标和方向。只有这样才能发挥它们各自的优势，完成它们自己的使命，做到相辅相成，相得益彰。1“三者”出台背景1．1初级卫生保健初级卫生保健的提出是根据全球战略而来的，世界卫生组织总干事马勒博士，为了在本世纪末到来之前，能够解决全球人类享有基本卫生保健的问题，特别在考察了中国解放后，广大农村…     

将全科医疗模式与农村初级卫生保健相结合

息陬乡１９９０年被列为初保示范乡，１９９４年开始引进和推广全科医学要领与全科医疗模式。开展家庭卫生保健服务，实行以初保为基础，以乡村医生和合作医疗为支柱，以乡卫生和村卫生室为结合点，进行全科医疗服务。２正进一步完善和健全以初保为基础的全科医疗服务模式。     

将全科医疗模式与农村初级卫生保健相结合──对山东省曲阜市息陬乡的调查研究

息陬乡１９９０年被列为初保示范乡，１９９４年开始引进和推广全科医学概念与全科医疗模式。开展家庭卫生保健服务，实行以初保为基础，以乡村医生和合作医疗为支柱，以乡卫生院和村卫生室为结合点，进行全科医疗服务。目前正进一步完善和健全以初保为基础的全科医疗服务模式。     

高校医疗机构实行全科医学模式的SWOT分析

SWOT分析法于20世纪80年代初由美国旧金山大学的管理学教授韦里克提出,经常被用于企业战略制定、竞争对手分析等场合.包括分析企业的优势、劣势、机会和威胁.SWOT分析法同样适用于卫生领域[1],本文运用该方法分析评估高校医疗机构实行全科医学模式的自身能力和外部环境,并根据分析结果研究发展战略,探索既符合高校医疗机构自身运行实际,又能与地方社区卫生机构接轨的全科医学模式.     

初级卫生保健与全科医疗服务

1初级卫生保健《中共中央、国务院关于卫生改革与发展的决定》中，提出卫生改革的任务是：以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想和邓小平建设有中国特色的社会主义理论为指导，坚持党的基本路线和基本方针，不断深化卫生改革，到2000年，初步建立起具有中国特色的包括卫生服务、医疗保障、卫生执法监督的卫生体系，基本实现初级卫生保健、人民健康水平进一步提高。这一任务的提出，完全符合世界卫生组织（WHO）于1977年提出的“2000年人人享有卫生保健”（HLA／2000）全球战略的目标，同时又体现我国社会主义经济建设的需要，是我国国民经济发展…     

全科医学、全科医疗和全科医生

全科医学(General Practice)又称家庭医学(Family Medicine),诞生于20世纪的60年代.经过30多年的发展与完善,全科医学已经逐渐形成了自己独特的医学观和方法论,填补了高度专科化的生物医学的不足,真正实现了医学模式的转变.     

Problem-based medical education in general practice and health care quality assurance

States that health systems globally are in transition, for which also a correspondingly reformed education is required, involving new--and renewed--basic sciences, principles, skills and methods. To that end, demonstrates how problem-based learning in general practice is almost ideal, although still sparsely implemented, and has much in common with health care quality assurance. Contends that primary care in many ways comprises the most important platform and vehicle of modern health services and their interaction with the population. Uses the example of the Faculty of Health Sciences in Link?ping, where all curricula are integrated, community-oriented, problem-based and have a focus on primary care and general practice. Represents a useful and hitherto insufficiently recognized widening of the overall field of health care quality assurance, and summarizes some of the experiences therein. Also provides a brief overview of the literature.     

Sterilization and disinfection in general practice within university health services.

A postal questionnaire on 'sterilization and disinfection' was sent to all 144 nurse members of the British Association of Health Services in Higher Education (BAHSHE). Forty-nine (34%) completed valid questionnaires were returned. Despite the majority of practices performing minor surgical procedures such as cervical cytology (N= 40, 82%), ear syringing (N= 44, 90%) and wound dressing (N= 49, 100%), only 11 (22%) had access to a sterile supply department (SSD), and the definitions of sterilization and disinfection were only identified by 23 (52%) and 14 (32%) of the respondents, respectively. Forty-one (84%) respondents had a benchtop sterilizer (30 had a benchtop sterilizer, 11 a vacuum sterilizer and two had both), although there was considerable confusion on their appropriate use and maintenance. Just over half had written procedures for sterilizer use, no practice changed the sterilizer water on a daily basis as recommended by the Medical Devices Agency (MDA), few kept a sterilizer logbook and even fewer had read the MDA Device Bulletin on benchtop sterilizers. The majority of respondents voiced an interest in attending a workshop on sterilization and disinfection. We conclude that despite the location of the general practices within an academic environment, the concept of infection control is clearly not understood by university health service staff. As the implications of a failure to implement proper infection control procedures are potentially serious, the need for adequate education and training of staff is of critical importance.     

基本药物制度在基层医疗机构的实施概况

紧密结合国家基本药物制度的具体政策规定,采用文献检索、机构调查与知情人访谈等方法,对基本药物制度的推行、零差率实施以及基本药物配置等情况进行追踪,发现国家基本药物制度正在各地逐步平稳推进,各地因地制宜地制定了各项配套政策,但也存在多重现实障碍。     

卫生保健服务领域中全科医生行为的规制

在卫生保健服务领域，初级卫生保健服务的作用越来越明显，而在初级卫生保健系统的管理中，全科医生的规制是其工作的核心。现就国际全科医生规划的理论与措施，以及各种卫生保健制度对全科医生的规制措施作了比较系统的介绍。     

我国基层医疗卫生机构全科医生队伍建设现状

目的 探讨我国基层医疗卫生机构全科医生队伍建设的现状,提出基层医疗卫生机构全科医生队伍建设的一些建议。方法 采用文献研究法,同时结合笔者多年从事基层全科医学工作的实践经验,分析了基层医疗卫生机构全科医生队伍建设的重要性和必要性。结果 我国基层医疗卫生机构全科医生缺口比较大,必须加快全科医生队伍建设。结论 建立一支能够胜任基本医疗卫生工作的卫生队伍迫在眉睫。     

Primary health care ICD--a tool for general practice research

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) has become the only diagnostic classification system of international standard that allows reliable comparisons of epidemiological data between countries, parts of a country, levels of health care systems, or different periods of time. However, for primary health care purposes it is too specific to describe problems relevant to the work of general practitioners (GPs). Tools are thus needed to 'compress' data in primary health care for educational, administrative and research purposes. The objective of this paper was to introduce a diagnosis coding system that can be used in primary health care settings for these purposes. Principal diagnoses, as assessed by medical doctors, were collected from 20,648 patient visits. After primary coding, according to the ICD on a five-digit scale, the diagnoses were grouped into larger entities, which reduced the number of diagnoses to one eighth of the original number. The ten most common original five-digit diagnoses accounted for one quarter of all consultations, whereas the ten most common diagnoses counted for one half of all consultations after compressing the data into new categories. Analysing epidemiological data in the records of primary health care by the ICD offers benefits because of the latter's wide use. These are discussed below.