白藜芦醇对脓毒血症所诱导大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用及其机制研究

目的以脓毒血症诱导大鼠心肌损伤模型为切入点,从血流动力学、抗炎和抗氧化等多方面研究白藜芦醇对心肌损伤大鼠的保护作用机制。方法采用随机数字表法将60只大鼠在脓毒血症诱导大鼠心肌损伤模型后随机分为6组,即空白组、模型组、氨苄青霉素钠组(150 mg/kg)、白藜芦醇高剂量组(400 mg/kg),白藜芦醇中剂量组(200 mg/kg)、白藜芦醇低剂量组(50 mg/kg),每组10只。术后12 h开始给药并记录各组大鼠血流动力学参数检测心功能;HE染色法检测大鼠心肌病理情况;ELISA检测大鼠血清TNF-α、IL-6水平,心肌组织中心肌酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量;Western blot法检测心肌组织中TGF-β1、TLR4和p65的表达。结果白藜芦醇中剂量组(200 mg/kg)与氨苄青霉素钠(150 mg/kg)疗效相当,可改善心脏血流动力学参数和心肌形态学变化,明显降低血清TNF-α、IL-6和心肌组织CK、LDH和MDA水平(P<0.01),而增加SOD水平(P<0.01),下调TGF-β1、TLR4和p65的表达蛋白表达。结论白藜芦醇对脓毒血症大鼠心肌损伤具有一定的治疗效果,其机制可能与其抗炎抗氧化抑制炎症信号通路相关。     

CCR5第一、二胞外环特异性结合的拮抗短肽对TNBS诱导SD大鼠结肠炎的治疗作用

目的:研究C-C趋化因子受体5(CCR5)膜外第一、二胞外环(ECL1和ECL2)特异性结合的拮抗短肽对三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)诱导的结肠炎模型大鼠的治疗作用与机制。方法:采用100 mg/kg TNBS诱导结肠炎SD大鼠模型;用不同剂量的2条拮抗短肽(ECL1:25、35和45 mg/kg;ECL2:15、25和35 mg/kg)分别作用于模型大鼠,观察其对大鼠疾病活动指数(DAI)、结肠大体损伤指数(CMDI)和组织病理学改变的影响,采用real-time PCR和Western blot法分别检测结肠组织TNF-α和COX-2的mRNA与蛋白表达水平。结果:与模型组相比,有效剂量的ECL2拮抗短肽HY治疗组大鼠疾病活动程度、肠道溃疡及病理组织学损伤均有明显减轻,各评分指数差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);TNF-α和COX-2的蛋白和mRNA表达水平均明显下降(P0.05)。ECL1拮抗短肽GH作用的大鼠结肠炎症状评分及TNF-α和COX-2炎症因子表达无明显改变。结论:ECL2拮抗短肽可能通过下调结肠黏膜TNF-α和COX-2的表达来缓解TNBS诱导的SD大鼠结肠炎,而ECL1拮抗短肽的作用不明显。     

青藤碱和甲氨蝶呤对降植烷诱导的关节炎大鼠血清IL-10和TNF-α的影响

目的:探讨青藤碱和甲氨蝶呤对降植烷诱导的关节炎大鼠(pristane induced arthritis,PIA)血清白细胞介素-10(interleuk in-10,IL-10)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-,αTNF-α)的影响。方法:将40只Lew is大鼠随机平均分为5组,即正常组、模型组、青藤碱组、MTX组、青藤碱 MTX组,除正常组大鼠,在其它大鼠尾根部位皮内注射0.2m l/只剂量的降植烷以建立PIA模型,同时口服青藤碱(120mg.kg-1.d-1)和/或MTX(3.8mg.kg-1.w-1)共8w。正常对照组大鼠皮内注射等量的生理盐水并口服生理盐水(10mg/kg/w)。给药8w后采血,用放射免疫分析检测血清IL-10和TNF-α的水平。结果:MTX组大鼠血清IL-10(及TNF-α)水平均明显低于模型组大鼠(P<0.05);模型组大鼠血清TNF-α含量明显高于正常对照组和含MTX治疗组(P<0.05),与单用青藤碱治疗组比较无显著性差异。结论:甲氨蝶呤可能对PIA大鼠血清IL-10和TNF-α均有明显抑制作用。     

谷胱甘肽对染锰大鼠生精细胞凋亡与增殖的影响

目的:研究谷胱甘肽(GSH)对染锰大鼠生精细胞凋亡与增殖的作用及机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠48只随机分为6组,各组给锰途径为腹腔注射。采用TUNEL法检测生精细胞凋亡指数(AI);免疫组织化学法检测生精细胞增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达。结果:与空白对照组比较,GSH对照组和15mg/kg GSH组生精细胞AI与生精细胞PCNA增殖指数(PI)均无显著性差异;与各自对应的单纯染锰组比较,15mg/kg GSH组和30mg/kg GSH组生精细胞AI均显著降低而PI均显著升高;30mg/kg组与15mg/kg组比较,生精细胞AI显著升高而PI显著降低;各组大鼠生精细胞AI和PI呈负相关。结论:15mg/kg和30mg/kg氯化锰可诱发大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡,两者存在剂量-效应关系;各组大鼠睾丸生精细胞AI和PI呈显著负相关;GSH对锰诱发大鼠生精细胞凋亡具有拮抗作用;GSH可能拮抗锰对大鼠生精细胞增殖的抑制作用。     

酸枣叶总黄酮通过调控HIF-1α表达减轻大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤

目的：观察酸枣叶总黄酮（FZSL）对大鼠缺血/再灌注（I/R）损伤心肌的影响,并探讨该作用是否由其调节低氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)的表达所介导。方法：60只Wistar大鼠随机分为6组：假手术（sham）组,I/R组,低、中、高剂量（50、100和200 mg/kg）FZSL组,以及HIF-1α抑制剂YC-1(20 mg/kg)+FZSL(200 mg/kg)组,每组10只。结扎大鼠冠状动脉左前降支,缺血30 min后再灌注3 h制备大鼠心肌I/R模型。采用TTC染色法测定大鼠心肌缺血面积和梗死面积;化学比色法检测大鼠血清肌酸激酶（CK）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）及心肌组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性;ELISA法检测血清IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α及心肌组织丙二醛（MDA）的含量;酶活性检测法测定心肌组织caspase-3的活性;Western blot检测心肌组织HIF-1α蛋白表达。结果：与sham组相比,I/R组大鼠心肌发生显著梗死,血清LDH和CK活性,血清IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α含量,以及心肌组织MDA含量和caspase-3活性均显著增加（P<0.01...     

抗痛风胶囊对AGA大鼠血清、关节软骨和关节液中TNF-α水平的影响分析

目的:探讨抗痛风胶囊(AGC)对急性痛风性关节炎(AGA)大鼠肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)水平的影响。方法:选取雄性SD大鼠60只,随机分为正常组、模型组、秋水仙碱组(0.8 mg/kg)、AGC低剂量组(0.3 g/kg)和AGC高剂量组(1.2g/kg),每组12只,采用关节腔内注射尿酸钠制备AGA模型,检测各组关节软骨、血清及关节液中TNF-α含量,观察大鼠足踝关节肿胀情况等。结果:模型组24 h、48 h步态行为学评分分别为(2.57±0.43)分和(2.11±0.50)分,明显高于其他组(P0.05);秋水仙碱组、AGC低剂量组和AGC高剂量组24 h、48 h步态行为学评分均较模型组明显降低(P0.05);模型组在造模2 h后开始肿胀,在12~24 h到达高峰。在造模72 h内各时间段,模型组足踝关节肿胀率均明显高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);秋水仙碱组在12、24和48 h足踝关节肿胀率明显低于模型组(P0.05),AGC高剂量组在12、24、48和72h足踝关节肿胀率明显低于模型组(P0.05),AGC低剂量组仅在24 h足踝关节肿胀率低于模型组(P0.05);模型组关节软骨细胞TNF-α表达较正常组明显上调(P0.05),而模型组与秋水仙碱组差异无统计学意义(P0.05);AGC高剂量组和低剂量组关节软骨细胞TNF-α表达较模型组有明显减弱(P0.05);模型组血清及关节液TNF-α含量均较正常组明显增高(P0.05);秋水仙碱组、AGC低剂量组和AGC高剂量组血清及关节液TNF-α含量较模型组有所降低(P0.05);AGC低剂量组和AGC高剂量组血清TNF-α分别为(0.81±0.27)ng/ml和(0.79±0.31)ng/ml,低于秋水仙碱组(P0.05)。结论:AGC可明显改善AGA大鼠关节症状,降低AGA大鼠关节软骨组织、血清和关节液中TNF-α水平。     

罗哌卡因调节SIRT1/AMPK通路对妊娠期糖尿病大鼠的保护作用

目的 探讨罗哌卡因调节沉默信息调节因子2相关酶1(SIRT1)/腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）信号通路对妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）大鼠的保护作用。方法 雌性大鼠经高脂高糖喂养8周后与雄性大鼠合笼获得孕鼠,妊娠第6 d腹腔注射STZ制备GDM大鼠模型。将造模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组和罗哌卡因低剂量组（1 mg/kg）、高剂量组（2.0 mg/kg）,罗哌卡因高剂量（2.0 mg/kg）+EX-527(1 mg/kg)组,另设对照组,每组15只。全自动生化分析仪检测谷丙转氨酶（GPT）、谷草转氨酶（GOT）和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性,以及大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C含量;HE染色观察肝组织病理变化;ELISA法检测血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β水平;商品化试剂盒检测肝脏组织MDA、SOD、GSH水平;Western blot检测肝组织Bcl-2、Bax、SIRT1、AMPK蛋白水平。结果 对照组肝组织细胞形态结构正常;与对照组相比,模型组大鼠肝组织有明显脂肪空泡和炎症细胞浸润,血清TG、TC、LDL-C水平、GPT、GOT、ALP水平、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β水平、...     

C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白6(CTRP6)介导庆大霉素所致大鼠急性肾损伤

目的探讨抗炎细胞因子C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白6(CTRP6)在庆大霉素所致急性肾损伤(AKI)中的作用。方法SD大鼠分为5组,对照组、模型组和3个实验组。模型组和实验组皮下注射庆大霉素400 mg/(kg·d),连续注射2 d,建立庆大霉素中毒性AKI动物模型;3个实验组大鼠在注射庆大霉素前2 d,分别给予(0.5、5、50)mg/kg的CTRP6腺病毒表达载体。苦味酸比色法检测肌酐(Cr)含量,紫外分光光度法检测血清尿素氮(BUN)含量,ELISA检测血清CTRP6的水平以及肾组织匀浆中白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的水平。Western blot法检测肾脏组织中CTRP6、NOD样受体家族含pyrin结构域蛋白3(NLRP3)和caspase-1的表达。结果与对照组相比,模型组大鼠AKI指标血清BUN和Cr水平较对照组显著增高,炎症因子IL-1β和TNF-α的分泌量以及NLRP3和caspase-1蛋白表达水平也显著增加。与模型组相比,实验组大鼠血清BUN和Cr水平降低,IL-1β和TNF-α的分泌减少,NLRP3和caspase-1的表达水平下降。随着注射CTRP6腺病毒表达载体注射剂量的增加,抑制效果逐渐增强。结论 CTRP6以剂量依赖的方式减弱庆大霉素所致的大鼠急性肾功能损伤。     

红景天甙减轻大鼠酒精性肝损伤

目的:探讨红景天甙对大鼠酒精性肝损伤的作用及其可能机制。方法:将100只SD大鼠随机分为5组:对照组、模型组、联苯双酯滴丸组及红景天甙低剂量(20 mg/kg)和高剂量(40 mg/kg)组,除空白组给予生理盐水外,其余各组均给予56%乙醇灌胃,建立酒精性肝损伤大鼠动物模型,给药组同时予以相应药物灌胃,于末次给药后12 h采血,处死动物后取出肝脏,采用全自动生化仪测定血清甘油三酯(TG)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察肝组织病理学改变,试剂盒测定肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,ELISA法测定各组大鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和核因子κB(NF-κB)水平,Western blot法和RT-PCR测定肝组织TNF-α和NF-κB的蛋白和mRNA表达。结果:与模型组比较,红景天甙高、低剂量组肝组织损伤程度明显减轻;红景天甙对酒精性肝损伤大鼠血清TG、ALT及AST水平均具有明显抑制作用(P0.05),并可降低肝组织MDA含量,增强肝组织SOD活性(P0.05);红景天甙各剂量组大鼠血清TNF-α和NF-κB含量降低(P0.05)。结论:红景天甙能够改善大鼠酒精性肝损伤病理变化,减轻肝组织炎症反应,增加抗氧化酶的活性,降低脂质过氧化,该作用可能与调节NF-κB介导的炎症反应有关。     

牛磺酸减轻内毒素诱导的大鼠心肌损伤

目的:探讨牛磺酸对内毒素(即脂多糖,LPS)诱导的大鼠心肌损伤的影响。方法:健康雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠30只随机分为3组:正常对照组、内毒素模型组及牛磺酸处理组。正常对照组和内毒素模型组大鼠尾静脉注射生理盐水,牛磺酸处理组大鼠尾静脉注射牛磺酸(100 mg/kg),2 h后,内毒素模型组和牛磺酸处理组大鼠腹腔注射LPS(10 mg/kg),正常对照组大鼠腹腔注射生理盐水。注射内毒素6 h后,采集血样品和心肌组织,检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)及白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平;光镜下观察心肌形态学变化;Western blot检测心肌组织磷酸化核因子κB(p-NF-κB)、环氧合酶2(COX-2)、TNF-α、IL-6及血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)的表达。结果:与正常对照组比较,内毒素模型组大鼠血清SOD活性及心肌组织HO-1表达明显降低(P0.01),血清MDA、TNF-α和IL-6水平明显升高(P0.01),心肌组织p-NF-κB、COX-2、TNF-α及IL-6水平明显升高(P0.01)。与内毒素模型组比较,牛磺酸处理组大鼠血清MDA、TNF-α和IL-6水平明显降低(P0.01),牛磺酸处理明显降低心肌组织COX-2、TNF-α、IL-6及p-NF-κB水平(P0.01),血清SOD活性及心肌组织HO-1表达明显提高(P0.01)。组织学观察显示内毒素模型组大鼠心肌组织有炎症细胞浸润,心肌纤维排列疏松不规则,而正常对照组和牛磺酸处理组大鼠心肌纤维排列整齐规则。结论:牛磺酸预处理能减轻内毒素诱导的心肌损伤,其机制可能通过HO-1/CO信号下调p-NF-κB/COX-2而发挥作用。     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

Renal dysplasia and asplenia in two sibs

A family is reported in which two sibs, one male and the other female, both died within 24 hours of birth with enlarged polycystic kidneys. Postmortem histology in the second child showed gross renal dysplasia. In both children the pancreas was enlarged, nodular and cystic but the liver appeared macroscopically normal. In the second child, histological examination confirmed pancreatic fibrosis with cystic dilation of ducts, but showed portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation in the liver.
This combination of findings is very reminiscent of those in a girl and her brother reported by Ivemark et al. (1959). The children reported here also showed absence or hypoplasia of the spleen, cardiac anomalies and other features of the Ivemark syndrome (Ivemark 1955), a quite different, usually sporadic, congenital disorder. It is suggested that the children described here have a distinct lethal congenital disorder, probably inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.     

The dominant diseases of modernized societies as omega-3 essential fatty acid deficiency syndrome: Substrate beriberi

About 1900, modern food selection and processing caused widespread $\text{epidemics}$ of the B vitamin deficiency diseases of beriberi and pellagra which, for genetic reasons, often expressed as different diseases ranging from bowel and heart disease to dermatoses and psychoses. But the B vitamins merely help convert essential fatty acids (EFA) into the prostaglandin (PG) tissue regulators and it now turns out that, through hydrogenation, milling and selection of w3-poor southern foods, we have also been systematically depleting, by as much as 90%, a newly discovered trace Nordic EFA (w3) of special importance to primates and sole precursor of the PG3(4) series, even as a concurrent fiber deficiency increases body demand for EFA. Since substrate EFA is processed by many B vitamin catalysts, an EFA deficiency will mimic a $\text{panh}$ypovitaminosis B, i.e., a mixture of $\text{substrate}$ beriberi and $\text{substrate}$ pellagra resembling vitamin beriberi and pellagra but exhibiting as even more diverse $\text{endemic}$ disease. This would consitute a second stage of the Modern Malnutrition and explain why some workers now hold the dominant diseases of modermized societies to be new, nutritionally based, pellagraform yet lipid-related and to range, once again, from heart disease to psychosis. It is an assumption that our dominant diseases are unrelated to each other or are merely revealed by our diagnostic acumen and therapeutic success; and that hydrogenating millions of tons of food oils annually, to destroy the rancidity producing w3-EFA, is safe for $\text{primates}$. Extensive beriberiform disease is reported here in 32 typical cases taken from medical practice which responds strikingly to linseed oil supplements (60% w3-EFA) in confirmation of identical results in Capuchins.     

'Very sore nights and days': the child's experience of illness in early modern England, c.1580-1720

Sick children were ubiquitous in early modern England, and yet they have received very little attention from historians. Taking the elusive perspective of the child, this article explores the physical, emotional, and spiritual experience of illness in England between approximately 1580 and 1720. What was it like being ill and suffering pain? How did the young respond emotionally to the anticipation of death? It is argued that children’s experiences were characterised by profound ambivalence: illness could be terrifying and distressing, but also a source of emotional and spiritual fulfilment and joy. This interpretation challenges the common assumption amongst medical historians that the experiences of early modern patients were utterly miserable. It also sheds light on children’s emotional feelings for their parents, a subject often overlooked in the historiography of childhood. The primary sources used in this article include diaries, autobiographies, letters, the biographies of pious children, printed possession cases, doctors’ casebooks, and theological treatises concerning the afterlife.     

Guidelines for the Validation and Use of Immunoassays for Determination of Introduced Proteins in Biotechnology Enhanced Crops and Derived Food Ingredients

Recent advancements in agricultural biotechnology have created a need for analytical techniques to determine introduced proteins in crops enhanced through modern biotechnology techniques. These proteins are expressed in plant tissues and may be present in food ingredients. Immunoassays are ideally suited for protein detection and may be used as both quantitative and threshold methods. Microplate ELISA and lateral flow devices are two of the most commonly used immunoassay formats for agricultural biotechnology applications. This paper provides general background information and a discussion of criteria for the validation and application of immunochemical methods to the analysis of proteins introduced into plants and food ingredients using biotechnology methods. It is the result of a collaborative effort of members of the Analytical Environmental Immunochemical Consortium. This collaborative effort represents the combined expertise of several organizations to reach consensus on establishing guidelines for the validation and use of immunoassays. Further, the paper offers developers and users a consistent approach to adopting the technology as well as aid in producing accurate and meaningful results.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

Ultracryotomy: development and application (with examples from the yeast cytology) (author's transl)

The preparation steps usually necessary for obtaining ultrathin frozen sections of biological material (chemical prefixation, enclosing, cryoprotective treatment, freezing, sectioning, and post-staining the sections for transmission electron microscopy) are submitted to a critical analysis. The application of cryo-ultramicrotomy, in particularly for cytochemical purposes, is reviewed. Fundamental considerations of chemical prefixation and poststaining are supported by examples from yeast cytology. Furthermore, the efficiency of the cryo-ultramicrotomy (electron optical resolution of ultrastructural details) is demonstrated on yeast cells and protoplasts.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.