改良小切口手法白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术的研究

目的分析小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术的临床效果及方法。对137例（142眼）白内障进行小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术。结果术后1天,患者裸眼视力或矫正视力≥O．5者占52．8％,术后1周矫正视力≥0．5者,占60．20％,≥1．0者占21．50％。结论此手术技术操作简易,容易掌握,效果可靠,适应症广,适合基层医院开展。     

小切口白内障现代囊外摘除人工晶体植入临床应用

目的 探讨水平小切口无缝线白内障现代囊外摘除人工晶体植入术的临床疗效。方法 对246例(256眼)白内障施行水平小切口无缝线白内障现代囊外摘除人工晶体植入术，观察其疗效。结果 术后3天矫正视力≥0．5者占88．28％，术后3月矫正视力≥0．5者96．09％。结论 水平小切口无缝线白内障现代囊外摘除人工晶体植入术是一种操作简单、价格低廉、疗效满意的手术方法，宜于基层医院推广应用。     

直线式小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶体植入术

目的：评价直线式小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶体植入术的临床效果。方法：采用国产显微镜及器械在角膜缘右上角象限为白内障患者270例、294眼做垂直斜型内大外小切口,信封式截囊,水离核,晶体圈匙娩出晶体核,囊袋内植入5.5mm宇宙型人工晶体。结果：术后1周视力≥0．5216眼（72．4％）,术后1月视力≥0．5252眼（85．9％）。术后角膜散光度与同期常规超声乳化术组124例、136眼比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论：直线式小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶体植入术操作简单,设备价廉,手术效果与超声乳化相当,可在基层医院推广。     

研制注水式挽核器行人工晶体植入78例观察

目的研制注水式挽核器,并观察其在白内障小切口非超声乳化人工晶体植入术中的临床疗效。方法78例（81眼）老年性白内障患者接受了小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除并人工晶体植入术治疗,术中采用自行设计制作注水式挽核器。结果术后1周矫正视力≥0.8者16眼（19.75％）,0.5-0.7者46眼（19.75％）,〈0.5者19眼（23.46％）;1个月后矫正视力达≥0.8者62眼（76.54％）,0.5-0.7者14眼（17.28％）,〈0.5者5眼（6.17％）。结论使用自行研制注水式挽核器行非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除并人工晶体植入术治疗老年性白内障临床疗效较好。     

非超声乳化白内障摘出人工晶状体植入临床分析

目的探讨表面麻醉下行隧道切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术的适应范围和有效性。方法对5年来白内障患者在表面麻醉下行隧道切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术行回顾性分析。结果术后3d视力≥0．3者810眼,占93．3％;视力≥o．5者628眼,占72．4％;视力≥0．8者234眼,占27％。结论表面麻醉隧道切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术投资少,效果好,适合在基层医院和防盲工作中推广。     

浅谈小切口无缝线非超声乳化术人工晶体植入手术的体会

目的：探讨小切口无缝线非超声乳化术人工晶体植入术的意义。方法：对32例白内障患者的病例资料进行分析。结果：本组对32例（32只眼）白内障患者经过小切口无缝线非超声乳化囊外摘除联合人工晶体植入手术^[1],术中采用劈核器劈核术治疗后,视力恢复到4．5—4．8之间,手术全部成功,成功率是100％。结论：白内障患者在基层医院行小切口无缝线非超声乳化术联合人工晶体植入术治疗,也是行之有效的方法之一。     

小切口非超声乳化白内障手术疗效观察

目的：探讨小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合后房型人工晶体植入术的有效性与可推广性;方法：对300例(300眼)白内障患者在球周麻醉下行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶体值入术并观察其疗效;结果：所有患者在术后1天及3天视力恢复大于0．5者,分别占69．28％和78．5％。结论：小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术是安全有效的,术后视力恢复稳定,值得临床应用推广。     

小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除术在视中的应用

目的探讨小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术的方法、效果及基层开展视中的应用。方法分析视觉第一中国行动中472倒（510眼）白内障行该术式的术后视力、及术中、术后并发症。结果510眼中术后第1天、1个月、3个月裸眼视力,≥0．5者分别为418眼（81．96％）、427眼（86．09％）、430眼（87．22％）,小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术中并发症少,术后视力恢复快。结论小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术有广泛实用性,适宜在基层开展视中时应用。     

双手夹持娩核法在小切口白内障复明行动中的应用

目的：探讨双手夹持娩核法在小切口白内障复明行动中应用的可行性。方法：对208例220眼老年性白内障硬核患者行小切15I非超声乳化摘出联合人工晶体植入术，并在术中应用双手夹持娩核法，观察术后视力及并发症发生情况。结果：手术经过顺利，并发症少，术后第3天视力0.3～0．4者87眼（39．5％），≥0．5者116眼（52．7％）。结论：双手夹持娩核法在小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出联合人工晶体植入术中能减少并发症的发生，操作简单安全，适合在广大基层复明行动中应用。     

小切口无缝线非超声乳化人工晶体植入术1238眼总结

目的：探讨小切口无缝线非超声乳化人工晶体植入临床效果。方法：对1219例(1238眼)白内障应用小切口无缝线非超声乳化白内障摘除并人工晶体植入手术。年龄35—101岁(平均年龄68．2岁)。结果：术后1周内，裸眼视力≥0．5，782眼(63．17％)；矫正视力≥0．5，896眼(72．37％)。结论：该手术方法并发症少，费用低廉，在国内实用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.