重组人促卵泡激素低剂量递增方案联合宫腔内人工授精临床分析

目的:探讨重组人促卵泡激素(rhFSH)低剂量递增方案联合宫腔内人工授精(IUI)临床效果及卵巢反应预测因子。方法:选择多囊卵巢综合征、WHO II型排卵障碍及不明原因不孕患者60例,采用rhFSH(果纳芬)低剂量递增方案促排卵联合IUI,分析妊娠率、多胎妊娠率、卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)发生率,并对卵巢反应预测因子加以分析。结果:①临床妊娠率28.21%,双胎妊娠率9.09%,流产率18.18%,促排卵过程中发生OHSS(轻度)1例,无三胎及以上妊娠。②促排卵成功患者与卵巢反应不良患者在体质量、体质量指数(BMI)、窦卵泡数(AFC)、rhFSH总剂量比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:rhFSH低剂量递增方案可以使排卵障碍特别是对其他促排卵药物抵抗患者获得较好的妊娠结局,促排卵结局可能受患者体质量、BMI、AFC等因素影响。     

氯米芬联合HMG在促排卵人工授精周期中防止过早内源性黄体生成素峰的有效性研究

目的:探讨氯米芬(CC)联合人绝经尿促性腺激素(HMG)在原因不明性不孕患者促排卵人工授精(COS/IUI)周期中防止过早内源性黄体生成素(LH)峰的有效性,为提高IUI妊娠率提供临床依据。方法:将2012年1月至2015年1月在我院生殖中心因原因不明性不孕行COS/IUI的144例患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组72例。观察组给予CC+HMG方案促排卵,对照组单用HMG促排卵。观察两组的过早LH峰发生率、临床妊娠率、未破裂黄素化卵泡(LUF)发生率、周期取消率、卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)发生率、多胎妊娠率,以及HCG注射日子宫内膜厚度、E2水平、成熟卵泡数。结果:观察组的过早LH峰发生率(5.8%)及LUF发生率(8.7%)显著低于对照组(17.9%、20.9%,P0.05),E2水平[(379.4±127.8)pg/ml]、成熟卵泡数(2.43±0.75)、临床妊娠率(21.7%)均高于对照组[(288.8±97.3)pg/ml,1.71±0.78,9.0%](P0.05);两组的周期取消率、子宫内膜厚度、OHSS发生率及多胎妊娠率比较,差异均无统计学意义。结论:原因不明性不孕患者COS/IUI过程中,CC+HMG促排卵方案可以有效防止过早内源性LH峰的发生,并提高IUI的临床妊娠率。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者IVF治疗中超促排卵方案的对比研究

目的:探讨不同的超排卵方案对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者实施IVF-ET治疗过程的影响。方法:回顾分析行IVF治疗、长方案超促排卵的PCOS患者134个移植周期,比较分析不同超促排卵方案、促排卵药物的IVF-ET结局。结果:①递增方案组(n=7,6)总Gn使用量明显大于递减方案组(n=74)、Coasting方案组(n=16)和恒量方案组(n=18)(P<0.05)。②后期添加hMG组(n=61)总Gn使用量明显大于单用FSH组(n=73)(P<0.05),着床率也明显降低(P<0.05),但临床妊娠率无显著性差异(P=0.064);③普丽康组(n=43)与果纳芬+hMG组(n=22)及普丽康+hMG组(n=39)相比,总Gn使用量明显减少(P<0.05),而与果纳芬组(n=30)间无统计学差异;普丽康组与普丽康+hMG组相比,获卵数明显增加(P<0.05)。结论:PCOS患者的长方案超排卵方案中,递增方案增加了Gn使用总量而临床妊娠率有偏低的趋势;添加hMG不能提高着床率和临床妊娠率;单纯普丽康超排卵有减少总Gn使用量,增加获卵数的趋势。     

促性腺激素释放激素激动剂触发排卵的临床观察

目的:探讨促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)触发排卵的疗效。方法:对应用氯米芬(CC)、来曲唑(LE)和/或人绝经期促性腺激素(hMG)促排卵治疗的不孕患者,卵泡成熟时给与GnRH-a(A组)或人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)(B组)触发排卵,卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)高危周期则给予GnRH-a,观察比较其临床结局。结果:共分析了81例患者132个促排卵周期,A、B组周期数分别为75和57,组间周期排卵率、多胎率、流产率相似(P>0.05)。周期临床妊娠率、OHSS发生率A组高于B组(P<0.05),无重度OHSS发生。结论:GnRH-a触发排卵临床妊娠率高,可有效预防重度OHSS的发生。     

来曲唑与克罗米芬对多囊卵巢综合征患者促排卵治疗结局的前瞻性随机对照研究

目的:比较来曲唑和克罗米芬在多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者促排卵治疗中的效果和妊娠结局。方法:选取拟行促排卵治疗的PCOS患者136例,随机分为来曲唑组(LE)68例和克罗米芬组(CC)68例。HCG注射日观察平均直径14～18mm的卵泡数、平均直径≥18mm的卵泡数、子宫内膜厚度和血清E2水平;比较两组HMG用量、排卵率、临床妊娠率、流产率、畸形率及卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)的发生率。结果:LE组HCG注射日平均直径14～18mm卵泡数、E2水平显著低于CC组(P<0.05),子宫内膜厚度及单卵泡排卵率显著高于CC组(P<0.05);LE组HCG日注射日平均直径≥18mm卵泡数略低于CC组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);CC组OHSS发生率为7.4%,LE组无OHSS发生,两组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);LE组临床妊娠率略高于CC组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:来曲唑用于治疗多囊卵巢综合征引起的无排卵性不孕,单卵泡排卵率和临床妊娠率良好,临床应用前景较好,有可能成为新一代一线促排卵药物。     

来曲唑联合促性腺激素超促排卵用于PCOS患者行IVF-ET的临床研究

目的:研究来曲唑(LE)在多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者超促排卵行IVF-ET中的应用。方法:90例PCOS患者随机分成LE组(n=49)和GnRHa长方案组(对照组,n=41),比较组间的促排卵天数、促性腺激素(Gn)使用剂量、获卵数、受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、种植率和临床妊娠率以及卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)发生率。结果:LE组与对照组的Gn剂量分别为18.0±6.6支和29.3±9.5支,促排卵天数分别为7.8±1.3 d和10.0±1.2 d,获卵数分别为7.9±4.1个和19.8±7.2个,MⅡ卵率分别为74.5%和82.9%,启动周期中-重度OHSS发生率4.1%(2/49)vs 29.3%(12/41),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而组间的种植率和临床妊娠率(33.3%vs27.5%和51.1%vs 48.5%)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:LE用于PCOS超促排卵行IVF-ET与传统的GnRHa长方案相比,在不影响临床妊娠率的前提下,可以有效减少促排卵时间和Gn使用剂量,降低OHSS发生风险,具有极大的临床应用前景。     

戈那瑞林(GnRH)在多囊卵巢综合征患者中的促排卵作用

目的:探讨国产戈那瑞林(GnRH)预防多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕患者中促排卵后卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)发生的临床价值。方法:PCOS不孕患者14例,常规使用氯米氛和hMG/FSH促进卵泡发育,当卵泡直径≥18mm时给予戈那瑞林100μg(皮下注射)诱发排卵,指导当天同房;阴道超声证实排卵后给予黄体酮20mg/d肌注,16d后复诊。观察排卵率、妊娠率、OHSS和多胎妊娠的发生率。结果:排卵率85.7%,妊娠率50%,其中1例多胎妊娠出现中度OHSS,但无重度OHSS的发生。结论:戈那瑞林(GnRH)可降低PCOS患者诱发排卵时中、重度OHSS的发生。     

两种剂量来曲唑与克罗米芬对多囊卵巢综合征患者子宫卵巢血流动力学的影响

目的:探讨2种剂量来曲唑(LE)与克罗米芬(CC)对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者子宫卵巢血流动力学的影响。方法:2种剂量LE与CC治疗90例PCOS不孕症患者,随机分CC组(A组,n=32,50 mg/d)、低剂量LE组(B组,n=30,2.5 mg/d)和高剂量LE组(C组,n=28,5.0 mg/d)。同时以28例正常育龄妇女作为对照组(D组)。经阴道超声监测子宫卵巢血流的参数,比较排卵率、妊娠率。结果:①LE的2个剂量组子宫卵巢血流均出现类似正常育龄妇女的周期性血流变化;②C组方案治疗PCOS有较高的排卵率和妊娠率。结论:来曲唑改善了PCOS患者的子宫卵巢血流供应,5.0 mg可能有更好的促排卵效果。     

多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者未成熟卵泡抽吸术的疗效分析

目的:探讨对克罗米芬抵抗的多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕患者在超声引导下行小卵泡抽吸术(IMFA)的治疗效果。方法:将42例PCOS合并克罗米芬(CC)抵抗的不孕患者,随机分为A组:19例,穿刺前用CC或来曲唑(LE)联合少量hMG促排卵;B组:23例,穿刺前用少量hMG促排卵。在阴道B超引导下进行未成熟卵泡抽吸术(IMFA),观察穿刺前及穿刺后第2周期患者的卵巢基础窦卵泡数(AFC)、抗苗勒氏管激素(AMH)、血中游离睾酮指数(FAI)、黄体生成素与卵泡刺激素的比值(LH/FSH),以及术后并发症、3个月促排卵情况和妊娠率。结果:42例患者治疗时均没有发生卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)。与治疗前比较,穿刺术后A、B组AFC显著减少,AMH、FAI和LH/FSH显著降低(P<0.01)。A、B组间比较,FAI、LH/FSH、排卵率和妊娠率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。A、B组共21例妊娠,妊娠率为50%。42例患者均没有发生出血、感染、OHSS。结论:IMFA治疗克罗米芬抵抗的PCOS不孕患者有较好的疗效,本方法安全、有效。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者促排卵中发生卵泡未破裂黄素化综合征的临床分析

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)促排卵治疗中出现的卵泡未破裂黄素化综合征(LUFS)的原因和治疗措施。方法:PCOS不孕患者给予促排卵治疗,对治疗中发生LUFS的51例患者分别给予卵泡穿刺(29例)和针灸(22例)治疗,比较治疗后的妊娠率。结果:29例卵泡穿刺组患者,10例妊娠,妊娠率34.48%。22例针灸患者,2例妊娠,妊娠率9.09%。结论:PCOS患者促排卵治疗中发生LUFS给予卵泡穿刺术治疗效果肯定,是一种有效的治疗方法。     

卵泡穿刺配合人工授精治疗多囊卵巢综合征引起的不孕症

目的 了解阴道超声引导下卵泡穿刺后行人工授精治疗多囊卵巢综合征(polycysfic ovary syndrome，PCOS)所致不孕症的效果。方法 选择对克罗米芬治疗无反应的PCOS患者应用促排卵药治疗后，随机选择60例在阴道超声引导下卵泡穿刺后行人工授精术；另选择60例患者直接指导性生活。结果 对照组60例患者临床妊娠率23．33％，卵巢过度刺激综合征(ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome，OHSS)发生率40．00％，卵泡穿刺组60例患者临床妊娠率48．33％，OHSS发生率35．00％。结论 促排卵治疗后，阴道超声引导下卵泡穿刺配合人工授精治疗，提高了PCOS所致的不孕症患者的临床妊娠率，OHSS的发生率未降低。     

未促排卵的未成熟卵母细胞体外培养成熟治疗不孕症40例分析

目的比较未促排卵的未成熟卵母细胞体外培养成熟(IVM)治疗多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)和正常月经周期伴不孕患者的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2004年8月至2005年1月温州医学院第一医院收治的40例不孕患者,接受54个周期的IVM治疗,其中难治性PCOS不孕患者26例35个周期(A组),月经周期正常且经其它辅助生育技术失败的不孕患者14例19个周期(B组),均未采用任何药物刺激。结果共有7个周期取消,其中A组1个,取消率为2.8%;B组6个,取消率为31.6%,差异有极显著性意义(P<0.01)。有胚胎移植的47个周期中,两组的平均获卵数、体外成熟率、正常受精率和卵裂率、平均移植胚胎数差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。A组1例生化妊娠,15例临床妊娠,B组4例临床妊娠。两组每穿刺周期的临床妊娠率(42.9%、21.1%)差异有极显著性意义(P<0.01),每移植周期的临床妊娠率、种植率和多胎率差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论未促排卵的IVM技术治疗不孕症,尤其对于难治性PCOS不孕更是一种有效的方法。     

A randomized controlled trial of laparoscopic ovarian diathermy versus gonadotropin therapy for women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of laparoscopic ovarian diathermy with gonadotropin ovulation induction for women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: A tertiary referral fertility clinic. PATIENT(S): Women with anovulatory infertility secondary to clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. Inclusion criteria were age of <39 years, body mass index of <35 kg/m(2), failure to ovulate with 150 mg of clomiphene citrate for 5 days in the early follicular phase, >12 months of infertility, and no other causes of infertility. INTERVENTION(S): Laparoscopic ovarian diathermy versus three cycles of urinary or recombinant gonadotropins. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Cumulative pregnancy and miscarriage rates. RESULT(S): Cumulative pregnancy rates were 28% at 6 months for laparoscopic ovarian diathermy and 33% for three cycles of ovulation induction with gonadotropins. There were three miscarriages in each group. Women in the laparoscopic ovarian diathermy arm of the study had four additional spontaneous pregnancies 6 to 12 months after surgery. CONCLUSION(S): There was no statistically significant difference in pregnancy or miscarriage rates during the 6-month follow-up period or the three cycles. Laparoscopic ovarian diathermy is a safe and effective alternative to ovulation induction with gonadotropins.     

微刺激促排卵方案在PCOS患者IVF中的应用

目的:探讨微刺激促排卵方案在多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者IVF中的应用。方法:将行IVF-ET的不孕患者分为3组:PCOS长方案组(A组,n=31)、PCOS微刺激组(B组,n=23)和非PCOS长方案对照组(C组,n=25)。比较3组的年龄、不孕年限、基础内分泌、口服避孕药后基础内分泌及IVF结局。结果:①年龄、不孕年限、基础FSH(bFSH)组间比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05);bLH、bLH/bFSH、bT在A组和B组中均明显高于C组(P<0.05);用口服避孕药后A组和B组LH、LH/FSH、T明显降低,使3组间内分泌比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。②A组的受精率、卵裂率低于C组(P<0.05);Gn使用天数、获卵数、可利用胚胎数、优质胚胎数高于C组(P<0.05);Gn使用总量、种植率、临床妊娠率、流产率A、C组间比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。③B组受精率、卵裂率低于C组(P<0.05);Gn使用总量及Gn使用天数比C组明显减少(P<0.05);获卵数、可用胚胎数、优质胚胎数高于C组(P<0.05);B、C组间种植率、临床妊娠率、流产率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。④B组Gn使用总量及Gn使用天数比A组明显减少(P<0.05);B组获卵数、受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎数、可利用胚胎数等指标与A组比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。⑤B组hCG注射日E2水平及移植日子宫内膜厚度明显低于A组(P<0.05),但种植率、临床妊娠率、流产率等方面与A组比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:①口服避孕药在调整PCOS患者内分泌,降低PCOS患者LH、T方面有较好的作用,能改善PCOS患者内分泌环境;②PCOS患者行IVF时采用克罗米酚(CC)加hMG微刺激可降低hCG注射日E2水平,减少OHSS的发生。③CC加hMG微刺激方案对PCOS患者行IVF促排卵可能是相对经济、有效、安全的方法。     

3178周期宫腔内夫精人工授精临床结局及其影响因素分析

目的:评估宫腔内夫精人工授精(IUI)的临床结局及其影响因素。方法:回顾性分析行IUI治疗的1 646对夫妇共3 178个周期的临床资料,分析临床妊娠率及其与女方年龄、不孕类型、不孕病因、是否促排卵治疗、IUI时机、IUI周期次数的关系。结果:IUI临床妊娠率为12.4%(394/3 178);对临床妊娠率有统计学意义的影响因素是女方年龄、不孕病因、是否促排卵治疗;而不孕类型、IUI时机、IUI周期次数不影响临床妊娠率。结论:女方年龄、不孕病因、是否促排卵治疗均可影响妊娠率,治疗时应综合考虑多种因素的影响。     

Myo-inositol administration positively effects ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a prospective,controlled, randomized trial

Object?ve: The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of myo-inositol (MYO) on pregnancy rates of patients diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who undergone controlled ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination (IUI).

Methods: A total of 196 infertile patients diagnosed with PCOS and admitted to Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine were included in the study between March 2013 and May 2016. The patients in group 1 (n?=?98) were given 4?g MYO and 400?μg folic acid before and during ovulation induction. The patients undergone controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) with recombinant FSH and IUI. The patients in group 2 (n?=?98), were given recombinant FSH directly and 400?μg folic acid. The primary outcome measure of this study was the clinical pregnancy rate.

Results: In group 1, 9 patients conceived spontaneous pregnancy. During COH?+?IUI treatment three cycles were canceled in group 1 and 8 cycles in group 2. Total rFSH dose and cycle duration were significantly lower and clinical pregnancy rates were higher in group 1. The pregnancy rate for group 1 was %18.6 and for group 2 was %12.2.

Conclus?ons: This study shows that MYO should be considered in the treatment of infertile PCOS patients. MYO administration increases clinical pregnancy rates, lowers total rFSH dose and the duration of the ovulation induction.     

Ovulation induction in anovulatory infertility is obsolete

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome make up the vast majority of patients with anovulatory infertility. The commonly accepted treatment guidelines recommend ovulation induction for timed intercourse as the first-line treatment. After a 2-year treatment period, the cumulative pregnancy rates with a singleton live-born baby reached 71% and 78% in two prospective studies. Despite aiming for monofollicular growth, multifollicular responses with subsequent multiple/higher order multiple pregnancies are a dreaded risk associated with ovarian induction. However, the lengthy treatment, the increase of maternal age and the psychological effects of ‘obligatory intercourse’ are also factors challenging the concept of ovarian induction as the first treatment approach in anovulatory infertility. Nowadays, individualized IVF treatment with cycle segmentation, freeze-all strategies and single-embryo transfers in frozen embryo transfer cycles dramatically reduces the risk of multiple pregnancies, and a cumulative pregnancy rate of 83% can be achieved over three complete cycles, thereby reducing exposure to fertility medication and time to pregnancy. Although on first sight ovarian induction might present the easier and less costly approach, efficient and individualized IVF treatments with low complication rates and the chance of preventing multiple pregnancies challenge this concept, and it seems that the time has come to abandon ovarian induction in anovulatory infertility.     

Aromatase inhibition reduces the dose of gonadotropin required for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation

OBJECTIVE: To compare the use of the aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, in conjunction with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) injection, and FSH alone for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) or ovulatory infertility. METHODS: This nonrandomized study included two study groups: 26 patients with PCOS and 63 with ovulatory infertility (unexplained infertility [41 patients], male factor infertility [17 patients], and endometriosis [5 patients]), who received letrozole in addition to FSH; and two control groups: 46 PCOS patients and 308 with ovulatory infertility (unexplained infertility [250 patients], male factor infertility [42 patients], and endometriosis [16 patients], who received FSH only. All patients had intrauterine insemination (IUI). Main outcome measures included dose of FSH used per cycle, number of preovulatory follicles greater than 16 mm in diameter, cancellation rate, and pregnancy rate. RESULTS: The FSH dose required for ovarian stimulation was significantly lower when letrozole was used in both study groups compared to the control groups without a significant difference in number of follicles greater than 16 mm. IUI cancellation rate was significantly lower with letrozole treatment in PCOS patients. In women with PCOS, clinical pregnancy rate per completed IUI cycle was 26.5% in the letrozole plus FSH group versus 18.5% in the FSH-only group. In ovulatory infertility patients, the pregnancy rate was similar in both study and control groups (11%). CONCLUSION: We believe that inhibition of estrogen synthesis by aromatase inhibition will release the estrogenic negative feedback, resulting in an increase in endogenous FSH secretion. Moreover, by inhibiting conversion of androgens into estrogens, accumulating androgens may increase follicular sensitivity to FSH. Such a protocol has the potential to lower FSH treatment cost and may improve response for low responders who require high FSH doses during ovarian stimulation.     

Evaluation of a new surgical approach for the treatment of clomiphene citrate-resistant infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome: laparoscopic ovarian multi-needle intervention

Laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) is the accepted second-line treatment for clomiphene citrate-resistant anovulatory infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Although multiple pregnancy rates are reduced with ovarian drilling procedures, postoperative adhesion formation is a potential complication in up to 85% of the women subjected to laparoscopic destructive ovarian procedures. Our objective was to determine the effectiveness of a new, specially designed laparoscopic device and technique that might enable treatment for patients with anovulatory PCOS with less trauma and fewer postoperative adhesions. Thirty-five infertile clomiphene citrate-resistant women with PCOS were included. Seventeen women underwent laparoscopic ovarian multi-needle intervention (LOMNI), and 18 women received step-up ovulation induction treatment with recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone followed by intrauterine insemination for three cycles. Patients were followed for a period of 6 months after either laparoscopic surgery or the initiation of ovulation induction therapy. Outcome measures were cycle regularity, pregnancy rate, safety, postoperative adhesion formation, and cost effectiveness. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, body-mass index, duration of infertility, and basal cycle-day 2 hormone levels. Significant improvement in cycle regularity (p <.01) was found after LOMNI. Cumulative pregnancy rates (35.3% in the LOMNI group vs 33.3% in the ovulation induction group) did not differ between the groups. No adverse events following surgery were noted. Moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancies occurred in four and two patients, respectively, in the ovulation induction group. Eight nonpregnant women in the LOMNI group underwent repeat laparoscopy at the end of the follow-up period. No adhesion formation attributable to LOMNI was observed in any of those eight women. The cost of LOMNI was significantly (p <.001) lower than the ovulation induction treatment. In conclusion, LOMNI may be a safe, inexpensive, and effective procedure for the treatment of CC-resistant infertility in patients with PCOS. It seems to preserve the beneficial effects and probably omits unwanted effects (such as adhesion formation) of LOD.     

Luteal phase support with progesterone in intrauterine insemination: a prospective randomized study

Objective: To determine the effect of vaginal progesterone as luteal support on pregnancy outcomes in infertile patients who undergo ovulation induction with gonadotropins and intrauterine insemination (IUI). Design: Prospective randomized trial. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patient(s): About 398 patients with primary infertility were treated during 893 ovarian stimulation and IUI cycles from February 2010 to September 2012. Methods: All patients underwent ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins combined with IUI. Patients in the supported group received vaginal micronized progesterone capsules 200?mg once daily from the day after insemination until next menstruation or continuing for up to 8 weeks of pregnancy. Women allocated in the control group did not receive luteal phase support. Main outcome measure(s): Livebirth rate, clinical pregnancy rate and early miscarriage rate per cycle. Result(s): Of the 893 cycles, a total of 111 clinical pregnancies occurred. There were no significant differences between supported with progesterone and unsupported cycle in terms of livebirth rate (10.2% versus 8.3%, respectively, with a p value?=?0.874) and clinical pregnancy rate (13.8% compared with 11.0% in unsupported cycle with a p value?=?0.248). An early miscarriage rate of 3.6% was observed in the supported cycles and 2.7% in the unsupported cycles, with no significant differences between the groups (p value?=?0.874). Conclusion(s): In infertile patients treated with mildly ovarian stimulation with recombinant gonadotropins and IUI, luteal phase support with vaginal progesterone is not associated with higher livebirth rate or clinical pregnancy rate compared with patients who did not receive any luteal phase support.