原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者血清和肝组织白细胞介素9表达增强

目的探讨白细胞介素9(IL-9)在原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)患者中的表达水平及其临床意义。方法选取80例PBC患者和100例健康人,采用流式微珠阵列(CBA)法检测血清IL-9、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、IL-10和IL-17水平,实时荧光定量PCR检测外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)IL-9 mRNA水平,免疫组织化学染色检测肝组织IL-9表达和定位。结果与健康人相比,PBC患者血清IL-9、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17、IFN-γ、IL-10均显著升高,且IL-9与Ig G水平正相关。PBC患者外周血中IL-9 mRNA水平升高,PBC肝组织中有IL-9阳性细胞,主要位于汇管区的胆管上皮细胞。结论 PBC患者外周血和肝组织中高表达IL-9。     

慢性乙肝、肝硬化和肝癌患者Th1/Th2细胞因子检测及临床应用

目的:应用流式微球技术(cytometric bead array,CBA)技术检测慢性乙肝、肝硬化及肝细胞性肝癌(hepatic cellular cancer,HCC)患者血浆中Th1/Th2细胞因子水平,探讨其临床应用。方法:选择慢性HBV感染者71例,HBV阳性肝硬化患者33例,HBV阳性肝癌患者25例,用CBA方法检测其血清中Th1类细胞因子TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-2,Th2类细胞因子IL-4、IL-5、IL-10的表达情况。结果:肝癌患者血清中Th1类细胞因子TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-2,Th2类细胞因子IL-5表达显著高于慢性乙肝和肝硬化患者,而IL-4、IL-10在三组患者中的表达无显著性差异。结论:肝癌患者机体强势分泌Th1类细胞因子,处于高免疫反应状态。检测乙肝患者Th1/Th2类细胞因子对于肝病慢性化的进展成为一项新的临床预测指标。     

肺结核患者血清中可溶性T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白分子3(sTim-3)和IL-4水平升高但IFN-γ水平降低

目的检测肺结核患者血清中可溶性T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白分子3(sTim-3)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)和白细胞介素4(IL-4)水平。方法收集48例肺结核患者和20例健康体检者外周血,ELISA检测血清中sTim-3水平;流式细胞微球捕获芯片技术(CBA)检测血清中IFN-γ、IL-4水平。Pearson法分析肺结核患者血清中sTim-3、IFN-γ及IL-4水平的相关性。结果与对照组相比,肺结核患者血清中sTim-3和IL-4水平显著升高,IFN-γ水平显著降低;Pearson分析显示:sTim-3与IFN-γ、IFN-γ与IL-4呈负相关;而sTim-3与IL-4呈正相关。结论肺结核患者血清中sTim-3和IL-4水平升高、但IFN-γ水平降低。     

急性骨髓炎患者血清IFN-γ、IL-6及TNF-α动态变化及其临床意义

目的探讨急性骨髓炎(AOL)患者血清干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)动态变化及其临床意义。方法病例源于2018年1月至2018年6月本院骨科收治的48例AOL患者和同期健康的42例骨折患者,分别记为疾病组、对照组,对比两组血清IFN-γ、IL-6及TNF-α水平,观察不同临床特征AOL患者血清IFN-γ、IL-6及TNF-α水平变化,并分析不同预后患者血清IFN-γ、IL-6及TNF-α动态变化及其临床意义。结果与对照组比较,疾病组血清IFN-γ明显降低、IL-6及TNF-α水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),AOL患者血清IFN-γ、IL-6及TNF-α水平在性别、年龄、BMI分布上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但在感染部位分布上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);AOL患者第1、3、5d IFN-γ水平依次明显升高、IL-6及TNF-α水平则依次明显降低(P<0.05),且入院后第1、3、5d与预后不良组比较,预后良好组血清IFN-γ水平明显升高、IL-6、TNF-α水平明显降低(P<0.05);AOL患者血清IFN-γ水平与预后呈明显正相关(r=0.421,P<0.01),而IL-6及TNF-α水平与预后呈明显的负相关(r=-0.368、-0.407,P<0.01)。结论AOL患者血清IFN-γ水平呈下降趋势、IL-6、TNF-α水平呈上调趋势,三者动态监测利于AOL患者预后评估及早期治疗方案的制定。     

ESAT-6,CFP-10诱导的活动期肺结核患者PBMCs细胞因子的特点

目的研究活动期肺结核病人和结核分枝杆菌ElISpot阳性健康体检者(结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染者)外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽(ESAT-6,CFP-10)刺激后Th1、Th2、Th17和Treg细胞代表性细胞因子IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10、IL-17、TGF-β的表达特点及意义。方法 24例初治活动期肺结核患者和25位结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染者,分离外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs),用ESAT-6,CFP-10肽库刺激PBMCs,采用FlowCytomix流式技术检测细胞培养液上清中细胞因子IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10、IL-17、TGF-β的表达。结果 PBMCs经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激后,IL-17反应低下,而IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10和TGF-β均因刺激而升高,但只有IFN-γ和TNF-α的水平在2组中具有显著性差异(P=0.013,P=0.006)。结论Th1细胞因子可能在结核病免疫病理中发挥更大的作用。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者不同疾病阶段的血清细胞因子水平研究

目的探讨不同疾病阶段的慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者血清细胞因子水平变化情况及其可能的临床意义。方法 CHB患者98例和正常对照组20例入组本研究,依据HBV感染后的自然史将CHB患者分为免疫清除期患者(活动组)和非活动期患者(非活动组),采用Luminex液相芯片技术检测血清IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、GM-CSF、IFN-γ和TNF-α水平,并分析各组细胞因子的变化情况和与临床指标的相关性。结果除IL-10以外,IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-8、GM-CSF、IFN-γ和TNF-α在3组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中,非活动组IL-2、IL-4、IL-8、GM-CSF、IFN-γ和TNF-α水平高于对照组,活动组IL-2、IL-6、IL-8、GM-CSF和TNF-α水平高于对照组,活动组IL-4、IL-8和IFN-γ水平低于非活动组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);另外,IL-6、IL-8与ALT、AST、TBil之间显著相关(P<0.05);而其余细胞因子与生化指标、HBV-DNA载量和HBsAg之间无明显相关性。结论慢性HBV感染者血清中的多种细胞因子表达增加,其中免疫清除期以炎性细胞因子升高为主,非活动期以抗炎和Th1型细胞因子升高为主,因此,检测血清细胞因子对了解患者机体免疫状态和疾病严重程度有重要意义。     

布鲁菌病患者血清中可溶性程序性死亡蛋白1及配体的水平升高

目的检测布鲁菌病患者血清中可溶性程序性死亡蛋白1(sPD-1)和配体sPD-L1、Th1型细胞因子γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、Th2型细胞因子白细胞介素4(IL-4)的变化。方法选取56例布鲁菌患者与48例健康志愿者,采用ELISA检测血清中sPD-1和sPD-L1的水平,用流式微珠阵列技术(CBA)法检测血清中Th1/Th2细胞因子水平,并对37例布鲁菌病患者进行追踪随访检测。结果与正常对照组相比,布鲁菌病患者血清中sPD-1和sPD-L1及IL-4水平均明显升高,而IFN-γ水平明显降低;37例随访患者治疗后血清中sPD-1和sPD-L1及IL-4水平较治疗前明显降低,而IFN-γ的水平较治疗前明显增高。结论布鲁菌患者血清中sPD-1、sPD-L1水平升高。     

活动性结核病患者外周血单个核细胞中结核分枝杆菌抗原特异性多能CD4+和CD8+T淋巴细胞的特征研究

目的 研究活动性结核病患者外周血单个核细胞中结核分枝杆菌抗原特异性多能T淋巴细胞细胞因子的分泌特征.方法 利用γ干扰素释放试验和多色流式细胞术分析了13例活动性结核病患者、11例肺部感染性/肿瘤疾病患者以及14例健康对照者外周血中结核分枝杆菌抗原特异性(ESAT-6和CFP-10)CD4+Th1和CD8+Tc淋巴细胞表达细胞因子IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-2的情况.结果 与肺部感染性/肿瘤疾病组和健康对照组相比:(1)活动性结核病组具有较低比例的分泌TNF-α+的CD4+Th1细胞、较高比例的分泌IFN-γ+和IFN-γ+TNF-α+IL-2+的CD4+Th1细胞;(2)活动性结核病组具有较高比例的分泌IFN-γ+TNF-α+IL-2+的CD8+Tc细胞.结论 实验结果提示活动性结核病患者中表达IFN-γ+TNF-α+IL-2+的多能CD4+Th1及CD8+Tc细胞,可能在区别活动性结核病与肺部感染性/肿瘤疾病方面具有一定的临床参考价值.     

多重微球流式免疫荧光法检测外周血细胞因子影响因素分析与对策

为提高临床利用多重微球流式免疫荧光法检测细胞因子结果的准确性,收集临床患者的外周血标本,比较血清、血浆、不同保存条件以及干扰物质对12种细胞因子(IL-1β、IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12p70、IL-17、IFN-γ、IFN-α和TNF-α)检测结果的影响。结果显示,血浆和血清中IFN-α、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-10、IL-12p70和IL-17水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而IL-6和IL-8在血清中的水平显著高于血浆(P<0.05); EDTA-K₂抗凝全血在4℃保存24 h对部分细胞因子浓度有一定影响,而离心获得的血浆在4℃保存48 h细胞因子水平显著降低(P<0.05);对检测过程中微球丢失或微球荧光信号异常增强的血浆标本经小鼠免疫球蛋白预处理后,检测信号与分析结果均恢复正常。该研究提示,临床检测细胞因子建议采用EDTA-K₂抗凝的血浆标本,且细胞因子在4℃保存24 h较稳定;对于检测过程中出现微球丢失或荧光信号异常增强的标本,...     

泡球蚴感染小鼠中Tim-3 对Th1 / Th2 细胞因子平衡的影响作用研究

目的:研究泡球蚴感染小鼠Tim-3、Th1细胞因子γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、Th2细胞因子白细胞介素4(IL-4)的变化。方法:建立泡球蚴感染小鼠模型和对照组,取小鼠脾脏,分离脾淋巴细胞,流式细胞技术检测脾淋巴细胞Th1和Th2细胞水平以及Tim-3在Th1和Th2上的表达水平,用流式微珠阵列技术(CBA)法检测小鼠外周血清中IFN-γ、IL-4水平。结果:与正常对照组相比,泡球蚴感染小鼠脾淋巴细胞Tim-3在Th1中表达增高,Tim-3+Th1细胞与IFN-γ水平呈负相关。结论:泡球蚴诱导小鼠Tim-3在Th1细胞高表达,下调Th1免疫应答介导了Th1/Th2失衡。     

Serum concentrations of cytokines in patients with active tuberculosis (TB) and after treatment

During TB cytokines play a role in host defence. To determine the cytokine pattern during various disease stages of TB, serum levels of IL-12, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 were measured in 81 patients with active TB, 15 patients during therapy and 26 patients after anti-tuberculous therapy as well as in 16 persons who had been in close contact with smear-positive TB and in 17 healthy controls. IFN-γ was elevated during active TB when compared with healthy controls, declining during and after treatment. IL-12 (p40 and p70) serum levels were not significantly higher in patients with active TB compared with any of the other groups. IL-4 levels were low in all groups. IL-6 and IL-10 serum levels were elevated in patients with active TB and during treatment. In patients with active TB serum levels of IFN-γ and IL-6 were higher in patients with fever, anorexia and malaise. IL-12 levels were higher in patients with a positive smear. Cytokine levels did not correlate with localization of TB (pulmonary versus extrapulmonary), or skin test positivity. Cytokines directing a Th1 response (IL-12) or a Th2 response (IL-4) were not elevated in sera of this large group of patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB. In patients with active TB, cytokines that were elevated in serum were IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-10.     

Comparison of interferon-γ-, interleukin (IL)-17- and IL-22-expressing CD4 T cells, IL-22-expressing granulocytes and proinflammatory cytokines during latent and active tuberculosis infection

In this study, we investigated the role and expression of T helper type 17 (Th17) cells and Th17 cytokines in human tuberculosis. We show that the basal proportion of interferon (IFN)-γ-, interleukin (IL)-17- and IL-22-expressing CD4(+) T cells and IL-22-expressing granulocytes in peripheral blood were significantly lower in latently infected healthy individuals and active tuberculosis patients compared to healthy controls. In contrast, CD4(+) T cells expressing IL-17, IL-22 and IFN-γ were increased significantly following mycobacterial antigens stimulation in both latent and actively infected patients. Interestingly, proinflammatory IFN-γ and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α were increased following antigen stimulation in latent infection. Similarly, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8, IL-22 and TNF-α were increased in the serum of latently infected individuals, whereas IL-6 and TNF-α were increased significantly in actively infected patients. Overall, we observed differential induction of IL-17-, IL-22- and IFN-γ-expressing CD4(+) T cells, IL-22-expressing granulocytes and proinflammatory cytokines in circulation and following antigenic stimulation in latent and active tuberculosis.     

银屑病患者治疗前后血清IL-2、TNF-α和IFN-γ测定的临床意义

目的：探讨银屑病患者治疗前后血清IL-2、TNF-α和IFN-γ水平的变化及临床意义。方法：应用放射免疫分析和酶联免疫法对37例银屑病患者进行治疗前后血清IL-2、TNF-α和IFN-γ测定,并与35名正常健康人作比较。结果：在治疗前血清IL-2水平显著地低于正常人组（P〈0.01）,而血清TNF-α、IFN-γ水平则显著地低高于正常人组（P〈0.01）,经治疗后3个月与正常人组比较仍有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论：IL-2、TNF-α和IFN-γ在银屑病的发生、发展过程中相互作用,观察其浓度的变化及探讨其发病机理,预防和指导用药均有重要的临床价值。     

Specific cytokine patterns of pulmonary tuberculosis in Central Africa

Different cytokines have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The frequencies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, CD4(+)CD25(+) Forkhead Box Protein (FoxP)3(+) T cells, interleukin (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and IL-10 were assessed in HIV-negative, pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients (n=30) and in healthy controls (n=23) in Gabon. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with purified protein derivative (PPD) and early secretory antigenic target-6 (ESAT-6). In patients, a pronounced pro-inflammatory cytokine response with highly significant increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α accompanied by increased TGF-β was detectable. Differences in IFN-γ responses between patients and healthy individuals were less pronounced than expected. FoxP3 expression did not differ between groups. A distinct cytokine pattern is associated with active pulmonary TB in patients from Central Africa.     

Interleukin-12 is required for interferon-γ production and lethality in lipopolysaccharide-induced shock in mice

Several cytokines, in particular tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), have been shown to be responsible for pathological reactions which may lead to shock and death observed in infection with Gram-negative bacteria and in response to endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides, LPS). Priming of mice with the avirulent Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine strain of Mycobacterium bovis increases the sensitivity of mice to the lethal effect of LPS and results in an efficient priming for cytokine production. In response to low doses (1 γg/mouse) of LPS, BCG-primed mice produce interleukin-12 (IL-12) which controls IFN-γ production, as demonstrated by the ability of neutralizing anti-IL-12 antibodies to suppress IFN-γ production. However, the concentration of the biologically active IL-12 p70 heterodimer is similar in the serum of both BCG-primed or unprimed mice, reaching levels of 1–3 ng/ml at 3–6 h after LPS injection, whereas IFN-γ production was observed only in BCG-primed mice. The priming effect of BCG on IFN-γ production appears to be mostly due to its ability to increase TNF-α production, which acts as cofactor with LPS-induced IL-12 in inducing IFN-γ production, as shown by the ability of injection of TNF-α and LPS (1 γg/mouse), but not LPS alone, to induce IFN-γ production. However, in addition to TNF-α, other LPS-induced cofactor(s) are required in cooperation with IL-12 to induce optimal IFN-γ production, because co-injection of TNF-α and IL-12, sufficient to induce serum concentrations of both cytokines higher and more persistent than those obtained by injection of LPS, was not sufficient to induce IFN-γ production in vivo. Neutralizing anti-IL-12 antibodies, in addition to inhibiting the in vivo LPS-induced IFN-γ production, also completely protect BCG-primed mice injected with up to 10 μg of LPS from shock-induced death. Thus, IL-12 is required for IFN-γ production and lethality in an endotoxic shock model in mice.     

Abnormal immune responses in persons with previous extrapulmonary tuberculosis in an in vitro model that simulates in vivo infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Persons with previous extrapulmonary tuberculosis have reduced peripheral blood mononuclear cell cytokine production and CD4(+) lymphocytes compared to persons with previous pulmonary tuberculosis or latent tuberculosis infection, but specific defects related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of macrophages have not been characterized. The objective of this study was to further characterize the in vitro immune responses to M. tuberculosis infection in HIV-seronegative persons with previous extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from HIV-seronegative persons with previous extrapulmonary tuberculosis (n = 11), previous pulmonary tuberculosis (n = 21), latent M. tuberculosis infection (n = 19), and uninfected tuberculosis contacts (n = 20). Experimental conditions included M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages cultured with and without monocyte-depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Concentrations of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-4, IL-6, CXCL8 (IL-8), IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17, CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) were measured by multiplex cytokine array. When M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages were cocultured with monocyte-depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells, IFN-γ (P = 0.01), TNF-α (P = 0.04), IL-10 (P < 0.001), and IL-6 (P = 0.03) exhibited similar continua of responses, with uninfected persons producing the lowest levels, followed by extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases, pulmonary tuberculosis controls, and persons with latent M. tuberculosis infection. A similar pattern was observed with CXCL8 (P = 0.04), IL-10 (P = 0.02), and CCL2 (P = 0.03) when monocyte-depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the four groups were cultured alone. Persons with previous extrapulmonary tuberculosis had decreased production of several cytokines, both at rest and after stimulation with M. tuberculosis. Our results suggest that persons who develop extrapulmonary tuberculosis have a subtle global immune defect that affects their response to M. tuberculosis infection.     

IFN-γ受体Ig融合蛋白对ConA诱导小鼠肝损伤的保护作用

本文研究γ 干扰素受体免疫球蛋白融合蛋白 (IFN γR Ig )对ConA诱导的小鼠细胞免疫性肝损伤的保护作用及机制。在Balb/c小鼠体内一次性静脉注射ConA 2 0mg/kg诱导细胞免疫性肝损伤模型 ,分别于模型建立前后不同时间腹腔注射 10mg/kgIFN γR Ig,观察该融合蛋白对小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶 (GPT )水平 ,细胞因子IFN γ、TNF α和IL 10分泌以及肝组织病理学变化的影响。结果表明IFN γR Ig预防给药明显改善肝脏损伤的组织学和血清学变化 ,降低GPT水平 ,减少肝脏中性粒细胞、单核细胞浸润 ;同时与模型对照小鼠相比血清IFN γ水平下降 ,TNF α分泌合成减少 ,IL 10水平明显增加。而IFN γR Ig通过早期结合并阻断内源性IFN γ ,提高IL 10的抗炎作用 ,减轻炎症细胞对肝脏的侵袭及IFN γ、TNF α的肝细胞破坏作用 ,保护免疫性肝损伤。