体内探针药物法研究巴戟天低聚糖对大鼠CYP3A4的影响

目的:研究巴戟天低聚糖(BD)及其活性成分巴戟甲素(BJ)对肝药酶CYP3A4的影响。方法:采用固相萃取法处理血样,UPLC测定探针药物氨苯砜在大鼠体内的血药浓度,采用DAS2.0软件计算药动学参数并进行比较分析。结果:BD对CYP3A4有显著的诱导作用,而BJ对CYP3A4有抑制作用。结论:巴戟天中含有大量对CYP3A4有诱导作用的低聚糖类成分,与其他通过CYP3A4酶代谢的药物合用时需注意配伍禁忌。     

甘草、芫花合用对大鼠肝脏细胞色素P450酶的影响

目的:为了阐明基于药物代谢酶的中药十八反产生相反作用的机制,选择相反药对甘草、芫花作为研究对象,研究二者合用对主要药物代谢酶CYP1A2、CYP2E1、CYP3A1/2酶活性的影响.方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定CYP1A2、CYP2E1活性;采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定CYP3A1/2活性.结果:甘草、芫花合用后CYP1A2、CYP2E1、CYP3A1/2的酶活性增加,与对照组比较有显著差异(P＜0.05～0.001).结论:两药合用对药物代谢酶的影响可能会使某些药物毒性成分在体内代谢特征发生改变,对药物的疗效或毒性产生影响,从而产生基于药物代谢酶的中药间相互作用.     

黄芪甲苷对大鼠肝微粒体酶活性影响

目的:研究黄芪甲苷对CYP450酶的影响,为制定合理用药方案提供科学依据。方法:以甲苯磺丁脲、氯唑沙宗、香豆素、硝苯地平、非那西丁为探针药,HPLC测定探针药与相应代谢产物的浓度,在体外的孵育体系中研究黄芪甲苷对CPY2C9,CPY2E1,CPY2A6,CPY3A4和CPY1A2酶活性的影响。结果:黄芪甲苷对CYP1A2,CYP2A6,CYP2E1酶的活性没有明显的影响,而对CYP2C9和CYP3A4酶的IC50分别为35.40,88.22μmol.L-1。结论:黄芪甲苷对CYP2C9和CYP3A4酶有明显的抑制作用,在与经由CYP2C9,CYP3A4酶代谢的药物合用时,可能会产生药物相互作用。     

盐酸小檗碱与环孢素A合用对小鼠肝药物代谢酶的影响

目的：阐明盐酸小檗碱与环孢素A合用对药物代谢酶的影响，方法：采用分光光度法测定盐酸小檗碱，环孢素A及二者合用时小鼠肝微粒体CYP450，ERD，ADM和GST的含量或活性。结果：ig给药3和6d，盐酸小檗碱（200mg/kg)对CYP450，ERD没有明显的抑制作用，但对ADM和GSP有抑制作用，环孢素A（45mg/kg)对ERD，AMD和GST均有抑制作用；盐酸小檗碱与环孢素A合用对CYP450，ERD，ADM和GST均有明显抑制作用。结论：盐酸小檗碱与环孢素A的组合是药物代谢酶CYP450，ERD（CYP3A），ADM（CYP1A1，2B1，2C11）和GST的强抑制剂，其总体抑制水平至少与已知的抑制剂酮康唑和肖苯地平相当甚至更强。     

盐酸小檗碱及其与环孢素A合用对小鼠肝P450同工酶的影响

目的　阐明盐酸小檗碱及其与环孢素A合用对P4 5 0同工酶的影响。方法　采用分光光度法测定盐酸小檗碱、环孢素A及两者合用时小鼠肝微粒体红霉素N 脱甲基酶 (ERD)、氨基比林N 脱甲基酶 (ADM )的活性 ,采用RT PCR法测定CYP3A1和CYP2E1基因在给药前后的变化。结果　灌胃给药 3d和 6d ,盐酸小檗碱 (2 0 0mg·kg-1)对ERD活性没有明显的抑制作用 ,但对ADM有抑制作用 ;环孢素A(45mg·kg-1)对ERD和ADM均有抑制作用 ;盐酸小檗碱与环孢素A合用对ERD和ADM均有明显抑制作用。盐酸小檗碱与环孢素A合用对CYP3A1和CYP2E1基因均有明显抑制作用。结论　盐酸小檗碱与环孢素A合用可明显抑制药物代谢酶ERD(CYP3A1)、ADM以及CYP2E1。     

临床用量的复方黄黛片及大剂量雄黄对大鼠肝脏主要药物代谢酶的影响

探究临床用量的复方黄黛片及大剂量君药雄黄对大鼠肝脏主要药物代谢酶(CYP450)酶活性的影响及在mRNA水平的调控作用。以Wistar大鼠为研究对象,受试药物给予14 d后,采用Cocktail体外孵育法结合HPLC-MS/MS技术对大鼠肝中CYP1A2,CYP2B,CYP3A,CYP2C各亚酶的活性进行测定,并利用实时荧光定量PCR技术对上述亚型的mRNA水平表达进行检测。结果显示,复方黄黛片显著诱导CYP1A2,CYP2B酶活性,抑制CYP3A酶活性,结果与mRNA的表达具有一致性,但其单味药却呈现出弱于其甚至是相反的现象;不同剂量的雄黄组之间对酶活性及mRNA的表达结果亦呈现非常显著的不一致性。这些现象可能与复方黄黛片的配伍增效或减毒有关。CYP450酶的研究结果亦可以提示,复方黄黛片与其他药物合用时有可能产生药物相互作用。     

丹参酮Ⅱ_A在大鼠肝微粒体酶中的代谢动力学

目的研究丹参酮ⅡA在大鼠肝微粒体酶中的代谢,以及选择性细胞色素P450(CYP)酶抑制剂对其代谢的影响。方法超速离心法制备大鼠肝微粒体,采用高效液相-质谱联用方法测定孵育液中丹参酮ⅡA原形药物的浓度。研究丹参酮ⅡA的酶促动力学,推导出药物米氏常数(Km)和最大反应速度(Vmax);并计算体外酶对药物的清除率(CLint)。同时观察不同浓度和不同种类的CYP酶特异性抑制剂对丹参酮ⅡA代谢的影响。结果丹参酮ⅡA在大鼠肝微粒体酶中的Vmax为(1.20±0.18)nmol/(min·mg);Km为(4.35±0.67)nmol/mL;CLint为(0.28±0.06)mL/(min·mg)。噻氯匹啶和酮康唑能够显著抑制丹参酮ⅡA的代谢,奎尼丁对丹参酮ⅡA的代谢也有一定的抑制作用,而其他CYP酶抑制剂对丹参酮ⅡA的代谢无明显影响。结论CYP2C19和CYP3A1主要参与了丹参酮ⅡA的代谢,CYP2D6也起到了部分代谢作用;这些CYP酶的抑制剂可能使丹参酮ⅡA的代谢受到抑制,造成药物药效或毒性的增加。     

贯叶连翘与药物的相互作用

贯叶连翘为常用的抗抑郁药物，它能抑制5-羟色胺（5-HT，血清素）的再摄取，提高脑内的5-HT水平。药动学研究表明贯叶连翘能激活体内的药物代谢酶CYP3A4的活性，增加P-糖蛋白的外流转运功能，当贯叶连翘与经CYP3A4代谢或经P-糖蛋白转运的药物合用后，有可能改变这些药物的吸收和代谢，从而产生药物相互作用；当与选择性5-HT再摄取抑制剂合用时，也有可能发生药效相加作用，产生不良反应。     

石膏水煎液对肝微粒体细胞色素P450酶系中CYP1A2和CYP2E1的影响

目的:研究石膏水煎液对肝微粒体细胞色素P450酶CYP1A2和CYP2E1活性的影响,指导临床合理用药。方法:采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对肝脏细胞色素P450酶CYP1A2和CYP2E1进行了初步研究。结果:与空白对照组比较,石膏水煎液对大鼠肝脏中的CYP1A2含量有降低的趋势,对CYP2E1的含量没有显著影响。结论:石膏对大鼠肝微粒体CYP1A2活性有抑制作用,临床上当与经过CYP1A2代谢的药物合用时应适当调整药量。     

苦参、藜芦合用对大鼠肝P450酶活性及mRNA表达的调控作用

目的:研究中药十八反中苦参与藜芦合用对P450同工酶在酶活性及mRNA水平的调控作用。方法:采用紫外分光光度法测定大鼠肝微粒体细胞色素P450与细胞色素b5含量及氨基比林N-脱甲基酶(APND)、对硝基苯酚羟化酶(pNPH)活性。采用RT-PCR检测大鼠肝脏中5种P450同工酶CYP1A1,CYP2B1/2,CYP2C11,CYP2E1,CYP3A1 mRNA的表达。结果:苦参及其与藜芦合用可明显降低P450蛋白含量及b5的含量,并能使APND活性下降。在mRNA水平上,藜芦可诱导CYP2C11的基因表达,与苦参合用后却使得CYP2C11的表达下降。各单药及配伍组对CYP1A1基本无表达。苦参可诱导CYP2B1/2的基因表达,而苦参-藜芦配伍组却显示了微弱的抑制作用。苦参与藜芦合用及各单药对CYP3A1的表达有一定的抑制作用。结论:苦参与藜芦配伍前后存在对CYP及其亚型的调控作用,可能存在基于药物代谢酶机制的相反作用,需进一步结合代谢研究加以综合分析,阐明相反作用的机制。     

Effects of aescin on cytochrome P450 enzymes in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Aescin, the main active component found in extracts of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) seed a traditional medicinal herb, is a mixture of triterpene saponins. It has been shown to be effective in inflammatory, chronic venous and edematous treatment conditions in vitro and in vivo, and is broadly used to treat chronic venous insufficiency. The purpose of this study was to find out whether aescin influences the effect on rat cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4) by using cocktail probe drugs in vivo; the influence on the levels of CYP mRNA was also studied.

Materials and methods

A cocktail solution at a dose of 5 mL/kg, which contained phenacetin (20 mg/kg), tolbutamide (5 mg/kg), chlorzoxazone (20 mg/kg) and midazolam (10 mg/kg), was given as oral administration to rats treated with a single dose or multiple doses of intravenous aescin via the caudal vein. Blood samples were collected at a series of time-points and the concentrations of probe drugs in plasma were determined by HPLC–MS/MS. The corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the software of DAS 2.0. In addition, real-time RT-PCR was performed to determine the effects of aescin on the mRNA expression of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 in rat liver.

Results

Treatment with a single dose or multiple doses of aescin had inductive effects on rat CYP1A2, while CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 enzyme activities were inhibited. Moreover, aescin has no inductive or inhibitory effect on the activity of CYP2E1. The mRNA expression results were in accordance with the pharmacokinetic results.

Conclusions

Aescin can either inhibit or induce activities of CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4. Therefore, caution is needed when aescin is co-administration with some CYP1A2, CYP2C9 or CYP3A4 substrates in clinic, which may result in treatment failure and herb-drug interactions.     

戊己丸不同配伍组方体内对CYP1A2酶活性的影响研究及其临床意义

目的：研究戊己丸不同配比方对大鼠体内CYP1A2 酶活性的影响,从药动学角度探讨戊己丸配伍机理,为临床优化给药提供借鉴。方法：以非那西丁为CYP1A2 酶活性研究探针药,HPLC 测定大鼠体内非那西丁及代谢产物——对乙酰氨基酚的血药浓度变化,间接反映CYP1A2 酶活性的大小;以正交法设计戊己丸3 因素3 水平交互的9 个实验点,考察所选取实验点对应的9 种戊己丸配比方对CYP1A2 酶活性的不同影响。结果：9 种戊己丸配比复方,组成戊己丸的黄连、吴茱萸、白芍3 单味药及对照组动物中,CYP1A2 酶活性从高到低依次为：8# 方、白芍、9# 方、7# 方、6# 方、1# 方、2# 方、4#方、对照组、3# 方、黄连、吴茱萸、5# 方;随着复方中黄连剂量水平的增大,酶活性呈增高趋势,复方中引入小、中剂量水平的吴茱萸或白芍可以增高CYP1A2 酶活性,但高剂量吴茱萸或白芍对CYP1A2 酶活性有抑制作用。结论：戊己丸各因素水平变化均可能对CYP1A2 酶活性造成影响,此种影响有可能是戊己丸药效学差异的原因之一;根据本实验结果可以优化戊己丸的临床应用。     

Effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A on the activity and mRNA expression of four CYP isozymes in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

In traditional therapy with Chinese medicine, hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), a main active component isolated from the dried flower of Carthamus tinctorius L., is the principal efficiency ingredient of Safflor Yellow Injection. Now HSYA has been demonstrated to have good pharmacological activities of antioxidation, myocardial and cerebral protective and neuroprotective effects. The purpose of this study was to find out whether HSYA influences the effect on rat cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C11, CYP2D4 and CYP3A1) by using cocktail probe drugs in vivo; the influence on the levels of CYP mRNA was also studied.

Materials and methods

A cocktail solution at a dose of 5 mL/kg, which contained phenacetin (20 mg/kg), tolbutamide (5 mg/kg), dextromethorphan (20 mg/kg) and midazolam (10 mg/kg), was given as oral administration to rats treated with short or long period of intravenous HSYA via the caudal vein. Blood samples were collected at a series of time-points and the concentrations of probe drugs in plasma were determined by HPLC–MS/MS. The corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the software of DAS 2.0. In addition, real-time RT-PCR was performed to determine the effect of HSYA on the mRNA expression of CYP1A2, CYP2C11, CYP2D4 and CYP3A1 in rat liver.

Results

HSYA had significant inhibition effects on CYP1A2 and CYP2C11 in rats as oriented from the pharmacokinetic profiles of the probe drugs. Furthermore, HSYA had no effects on rat CYP2D4. However, CYP3A1 enzyme activity was induced by HSYA. The mRNA expression results were in accordance with the pharmacokinetic results.

Conclusions

HSYA can either inhibit or induce activities of CYP1A2, CYP2C11 and CYP3A1. Therefore, co-administration of some CYP substrates with HSYA may need dose adjustment to avoid an undesirable herb–drug interaction.     

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??OBJECTIVE To compare the effect on CYP450 isoenzyme in rats with acute liver injury induced by different chemicals.METHODS Acute liver injury model of rats induced by tetrachloromethane(CCl₄), D-aminogalactose(D-GalN)/lipopolysaccharide(LPS), ??-naphthyl isothiocyanate(ANIT) respectively whereas the normal Wistar rats were used as controls. After the tail vein injection with Cocktail probe solutions prepared with five CYP450s probe substrates (phenacetin-CYP1A2, omeprazole-CYP2C9, tolbutamide-CYP2C19, dextromethorphan-CYP2D6, midazolam-CYP3A4), the blood samples were collected from the fundus venous plexus of rat at different time point, the blood drug concentration of the five probe substrates were determined by LC-MS/MS, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by PK Solutions 2^TM. Compared with normal rats, the changes of the probe drug pharmacokinetics in different rat models were used as the basis for the evaluation of the metabolic activity of CYP450 isoenzyme.RESULTS Compared with normal rats, the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 of CCl₄ group rats were significantly inhibited,and the activities of CYP3A4 was slightly inhibited; the activities of CYP2C9, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 of D-GalN/LPS group rats were significantly induced, and the activity of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 was slightly induced, and the activity of CYP1A2 was not significantly affected, but the activity of CYP2C19 was significantly inhibited; the activities of CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 of ANIT group rats were significantly induced, the activity of CYP3A4 were slightly induced,and the activity of CYP2D6 was not significantly affected, but the activity of CYP1A2 was significantly inhibited.CONCLUSION There are significant differences in the activities of CYP450 isoenzyme in the rat model of acute liver injury induced by different chemicals.     

Curculigo orchioides (Xian Mao) modifies the activity and protein expression of CYP3A in normal and Kidney-Yang Deficiency model rats

Aim of the study

In Chinese medicine clinics, traditional Chinese herbs are used to treat disorders of Yin and Yang balance, including Kidney-Yang Deficiency. The activity of the hepatic cytochrome P450 3 A (CYP3A) is closely associated with body status. The aim of the present study is to investigate CYP3A enzymatic activity and CYP3A4 protein expression using a Kidney-Yang Deficiency rat model and furthermore to investigate the intervention effects of the Pungent-hot herb Xian Mao. This work contributes rationale for personalized medicine and enhances our understanding of herb–drug interactions.

Materials and methods

Rats were randomly divided into three groups: the model group, the Xian Mao group and the intervention group (model rats treated with Xian Mao). The model rats were given an intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone for 14 days, and the control rats were given normal saline. The Xian Mao group consisted of normal rats treated with Xian Mao by oral gavage for 7 days. The intervention group was given Xian Mao for 7 days after treatment with hydrocortisone. The activity of CYP3A was detected by using the erythromycin-N-demethylase method. CYP3A4 protein expression level was detected by Western-blot.

Results

CYP3A enzymatic activity in the Kidney-Yang Deficiency rat was decreased by 44% compared to normal animals. The relative CYP3A4 protein expression level of the Kidney-Yang Deficiency rat (mean value 0.663±0.188) was 20% lower than that of normal rat (0.830±0.199). The in vitro data showed that CYP3A activity was significantly (P<0.001) inhibited (decreased by 59%) by Xian Mao concentrations of 1 mg/mL. The in vivo data also showed that CYP3A activity was significantly decreased in the rats treated with the three doses of Xian Mao. The CYP3A4 protein expression was significantly decreased by Xian Mao treatment at the high and intermediate doses (30 and 20 g/kg, respectively) compared with the normal group. However, the intervention group (the Kidney-Yang Deficiency rat treated with Xian Mao at 20 and 30 g/kg) showed an increased CYP3A activity and CYP3A4 protein expression compared with the herb-untreated model rats.

Conclusion

CYP3A enzymatic activity and CYP3A4 protein expression could be inhibited by Xian Mao. The CYP3A activity and CYP3A4 expression in the Kidney-Yang Deficiency model rat were lower than that of normal rat but this deficiency could be rescued by treatment with Xian Mao.     

Effect of panaxytriol on cytochrome P450 3A4 via the pregnane X receptor regulatory pathway

Panaxytriol (PXT) is one of the major effective components of red ginseng and Shenmai injection. The present study aimed to explore the effect of PXT on cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) based on the pregnane X receptor (PXR)–CYP3A4 regulatory pathway in HepG2 cells and hPXR‐overexpressing HepG2 cells treated with PXT for different time periods using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and dual‐luciferase reporter gene assays. PXT could upregulate the levels of PXR and CYP3A4 mRNA in HepG2 cells treated with PXT for 1 hr, with no impact on the expression of their protein levels. The expression levels of both PXR and CYP3A4 mRNA and protein in HepG2 cells treated with PXT for 24 hr increased in a concentration‐dependent manner. The effects of PXT on the expression of PXR and CYP3A4 mRNA and protein in hPXR‐overexpressing HepG2 cells were similar to those in HepG2 cells. Moreover, the influence trend of PXT on CYP3A4 was consistent with that of PXR in HepG2 cells and hPXR‐overexpressing HepG2 cells. The dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay in HepG2 cells further demonstrated that PXT treatment for specific time periods could significantly induce the expression of CYP3A4 mediated by the PXR regulatory pathway.     

金铃子散不同配比方对大鼠肝药酶CYP450 3A4活性的影响

目的:通过比较金铃子散不同配比方对肝细胞色素P450 3A4(cytochrome P450 3A4,简称CYP 3A4)活性的影响,探讨其配伍规律。方法:按L9(34)正交表,设计9个不同配比组方。体外实验采用大鼠肝微粒体孵育体系,测定不同配比方对CYP 3A4的半数抑制浓度(IC50);体内实验采用大鼠,口服给予金铃子散不同配比方5 d后注射探针药物睾酮,通过微透析探针采集肝脏部位样品,HPLC测定6-β-羟基-睾酮和原型物睾酮浓度,二者浓度之比作为CYP 3A4酶活性指标。结果:川楝子、延胡索单味提取物和配比方1～9体外对肝药酶CYP 3A4的IC50分别为(2.59±0.33),(0.87±0.30),(1.14±0.20),(1.00±0.13),(1.19±0.10),(2.33±0.15),(1.39±0.19),(1.14±0.20),(1.29±0.14),(1.43±0.32),(1.49±0.28)mg.L-1;体内实验结果显示:与正常对照组比较,金铃子散不同配比方、川楝子和延胡索单味提取物处理组大鼠CYP 3A4的酶活性均降低,金铃子散配比方抑制CYP 3A4酶活性的强弱顺序:方1(方4)>方7>方2(方5)>方8>方3>方9。结论:不同配比方对CYP 3A4酶的活性均有影响,川楝子和延胡索配伍显示出协同抑制作用。     

Effects of unprocessed versus vinegar-processed Schisandra chinensis on the activity and mRNA expression of CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 enzymes in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Schisandra chinensis (SC) is a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been used in clinical practices for thousands of years. However, the differences between the effects of unprocessed and vinegar-processed Schisandra chinensis (VSC) on cytochrome P450 (CYP450) activities are poorly understood.

Aim of the study

To evaluate the differences between processed and unprocessed SC on the metabolism of CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 substrates in rats using a cocktail method based on a developed and validated HPLC method. We also investigate the influence of processing on the levels of CYP mRNA.

Materials and methods

Three probe substrates (theophylline, dapsone and chlorzoxazone) were delivered simultaneously into rats treated with single or multiple doses of processed or unprocessed SC extract. The plasma concentrations of the three probes were profiled by HPLC, and their corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to determine the effects of processed and unprocessed SC on the mRNA expression of CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 in the liver.

Results

Treatment with single or multiple doses of either extract of SC induced CYP3A4 enzyme activity and inhibited CYP1A2 enzyme activity in rats. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of SC was more potent after vinegar processing than without vinegar processing. CYP2E1 enzyme activity was induced after treatment with a single dose but was inhibited after multiple doses. The mRNA expression results were in accordance with the pharmacokinetic results.

Conclusions

These results provide useful scientific data for the safe clinical application of either extract of SC in combination with other drugs, which should lack the side effects induced by other herb–drug interactions.     

银杏内酯对大鼠肝细胞色素P450基因表达的影响

目的:观察银杏内酯对大鼠肝细胞色素P-450基因表达的影响。方法:银杏内酯100mg·kg^-1,大鼠灌胃给药,1日1次,连续4d,取肝组织,用竞争法反转录-聚合酶链式反应(competitiveRT-PCR)检测给药后细胞色素P-450基因表达的变化。结果:反转录反应体系不含目的RNA时,用参考模板竞争RNA反转录后用CYP和看家基因Cyclophilin引物进行PCR,CYP1A1,CYP1A2,CYP281/B2,CYP2C11,CYP2E1,CYP3A1,CYP4A1,Cyclophilin均出现了其预期的特异性片段,无其他非特异性带出现,表明参考模板竞争RNA对CYP和看家基因Cyclophilin引物具有特异性竞争能力。给银杏内酯后,对照组和给药组大鼠肝组织的CYP1A1mRNA均检测不到。CYP2C11和CYP2E1的基因表达水平没有变化;CYP1A2和CYP2B1/B2的基因表达水平下降;CYP3A1和CYP4A1的基因表达水平则明显增加。结论:银杏内酯对大鼠肝组织的细胞色素P-450基因表达水平的影响表现出特异性,对不同的细胞色素P-450成员的作用不同。     

清开灵注射液及其主要成分黄芩苷和栀子苷对人肝微粒体CYP450酶6种亚型的体外抑制作用研究

 目的 研究清开灵注射液及其主要成分黄芩苷和栀子苷对人肝微粒体CYP1A2、CYP2C8、CYP2C9、CYP2C19、CYP2D6和CYP3A4的体外抑制作用。方法 采用液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）同时测定对乙酰氨基酚、6α-羟基紫杉醇、4-羟基双氯芬酸、4-羟基美芬妥英、右啡烷、1-羟基咪达唑仑和6β-羟基睾酮,分别代表CYP1A2、CYP2C8、CYP2C9、CYP2C19、CYP2D6和CYP3A4的活性;清开灵注射液、黄芩苷、栀子苷和7种混合探针底物在人肝微粒体中共同孵育,并计算其IC₅₀值表示对CYP450酶的抑制程度。结果 在人肝微粒体体外孵育体系中,清开灵注射液对CYP1A2的IC₅₀值为0.6%,对其他亚型的IC₅₀值从1.1%到6.0%;黄芩苷和栀子苷对CYP450酶6种亚型的IC₅₀值均大于100 μmol·L-1。结论 在正常剂量下,清开灵注射液对人肝微粒体CYP1A2可能有抑制作用,对人肝微粒体CYP2C8、CYP2C9、CYP2C19、CYP2D6和CYP3A4无明显抑制作用;黄芩苷和栀子苷对CYP450酶6种亚型均无抑制作用。