三裂蟛蜞菊化学成分的研究

目的 研究三裂蟛蜞菊〖WTBX〗的化学成分。方法 利用硅胶柱色谱技术分离成分,根据理化性质和光谱分析鉴定结构。结果 从三裂蟛蜞菊地上部分分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为大花蟛蜞菊烯酸(grandiflorenic acid,4αkaur9(11),16dien9oic acid)、1α-acetoxy-6α,9β-dihydroxy-4,10α-dimethyl-5αH,7αH,8αH-endesm3-en-8,12-olide 、1β-乙酰氧基-4α-羟基-6β-异丁酰氧基-9α-异戊酰氧基卤地菊内酯(1β-acetoxy-4α-hydroxy-6β-isobutyryloxy-9α-isovaleryloxyprostatolide)、16α-羟基对映贝壳杉烷-19-羧酸(16-hydroxyent-kauran-19-oic acid)、(3R,4R,6S)-3,4-二羟基薄荷烯［(3R,4R,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-menthene,5、6-异丁酰基三裂蟛蜞菊内酯(trilobolide-6-O-isobutyrate)、1β-acetoxy-4α,9α-dihydroxy-6β-isobutyroxyprostatolide )、16β,17-二羟基对映贝壳杉烷-19-羧酸(16β,17-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,)、原儿茶醛(protocatechualdehyde,)、咖啡酸(caffeic acid)。结论 除化合物〖STHZ〗6,7〖STBZ〗外,其他9个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物2和3均为新的倍半萜内酯类化合物,分别命名为三裂蟛蜞菊内酯A(trilobolide A)和1β-乙酰氧基-4α-羟基-6β-异丁酰氧基-9α异戊酰氧基卤地菊内酯。关键词： 三裂蟛蜞菊;三裂蟛蜞菊内酯A;1β-乙酰氧基-4α-羟基-6β-异丁酰氧基-9α-异戊酰氧基卤地菊内酯     

石椒草化学成分研究

采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20和制备型高效液相等色谱方法对石椒草属植物石椒草Boenninghausenia sessilicarpa全草乙醇提取物的石油醚萃取部位进行分离纯化,同时根据化合物波谱数据对单体化合物进行结构鉴定。从石油醚萃取部位共分离鉴定了15个香豆素类化合物,结构鉴定分别为：欧芹烯酮酚甲醚（1）、九里香素（2）、3-(1,1-二甲基烯丙基)-8-羟基-7-甲氧基香豆素（3）、花椒毒素（4）、异茴芹素（5）、状芸香素（6）、异去甲基呋喃羽叶芸香素（7）、欧前胡素（8）、珊瑚菜内脂（9）、白芷脑素（10）、白当归素（11）、新比克白芷内酯（12）、chalepin(13)、鲁望桔内酯（14）、3-(1,1-二甲基烯丙基)-花椒内酯（15）。化合物1～3、6～10和14～15均首次从石椒草中分离得到。     

白芷化学成分的研究

目的 研究白芷Angelica dahurica的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20,重结晶等手段进行分离纯化,采用波谱方法鉴定结构。结果 从白芷中分离并鉴定了11个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(1)、cnidilin(2)、异欧前胡素(3)、欧前胡素(4)、水合氧化前胡内酯(5)、栓翅芹烯醇(6)、白当归脑(7)、花椒素(8)、neobyakangelicol(9)、比克白芷素(10)、水合氧化前胡素(11)。结论 化合物8为首次从白芷中发现。     

中药杭白芷化学成分的研究

目的:研究杭白芷Angelica dahurica (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth. et Hook. f. var. formosana (Boiss.) Shan et Yuan根的化学成分.方法:采用90%乙醇渗漉提取,所得提取物经硅胶柱色谱(石油醚-乙酸乙酯系统和氯仿-甲醇系统)梯度洗脱,Sephadex LH-20(氯仿-甲醇)及制备薄层等方法分离纯化,光谱法鉴定结构.结果:分离得到17个化合物,经鉴定分别为异欧前胡素(1)、欧前胡素(2)、佛手柑内酯(3)、别欧前胡素(4)、花椒毒酚(5)、8-甲氧基-5-羟基补骨脂素(6)、白当归素(7)、佛手酚(8)、白当归脑(9)、栓翅芹烯醇(10)、水合氧化前胡内酯(11)、广金钱草碱(12)、棕榈酸(13)、豆甾醇(14)、β-谷甾醇(15)、β-胡萝卜苷(16),蔗糖(17).结论:化合物8和12为首次从杭白芷中分离得到.化合物12为首次从伞形科植物中分离得到.所有香豆素化合物均为呋喃香豆素衍生物.     

黑老虎根化学成分的研究

目的 研究黑老虎 Kadsura coccinea根95%乙醇提取物的化学成分。方法 利用多种色谱方法进行分离,根据理化性质和波谱学手段对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果 分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为24ξ-n-丙基-胆甾-3-酮(24ξ-n-propyl-cholestan-3-one,1)、豆甾-5-烯-7-羰基-3β-醇(stigmast-5-en-7-oxo-3β-ol,2)、豆甾-5-烯-3β,7α-二醇(stigmast-5-en-3β,7α-diol,3)、clovane-2β,9α-diol(4)、美国茶叶花素(草夹竹桃苷,androsin,5)、正丁基-β-D-吡喃果糖苷（n-butyl-β-D-fructopyranoside,6)、香草酸(vanillic acid,7)、香草醛(vanillin,8)、原儿茶酸(protocatechuic acid,9)、莽草酸(shikimic acid,10)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,11)和胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,12)。结论 化合物1～6为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

牛尾独活的化学成分

牛尾独活ＨｅｒａｃｌｅｕｍｈｅｍｓｌｅｖａｎｕｍＤｉｅｌｓ的根是西南常用独活品种，经中性氧化铝柱层析从其乙醇提取物中分离得到１３个化合物，分别鉴定为当归素（ａｎｇｌｅｌｉｃｉｎ）（Ⅰ），异佛手柑内酯（ｉｓｏｂｅｒｇａｐｔｅｎ）（Ⅱ），６—甲氧基当归素（ｓｐｈｏｎｄｉｎ）（Ⅲ），虎耳革素（ｐｉｍｐｉｎｅｌｌｉｎ）（Ⅳ），佛手柑内酯（ｂｅｒｇａｐｔｅｎ）（Ⅴ），欧前胡素（ｉｍｐｅｒａｔｏｒｉｎ）（Ⅵ），异虎耳草素（ｉｓｏｐｉｍｐｉｎｅｌｌｉｎ）（Ⅶ），哥伦比亚内酯（ｃｏｌｕｍｂｉａｎａｄｉｎ）（Ⅷ），阿魏酸（ｋｒｕｌｉｃａｃｉｄ）（Ⅸ），ｆａｌｃａｒｉｎｄｉｏｌ（Ⅹ），以及硬脂酸（ｓｔｅａｒｉｃａｃｉｄ），β－谷甾醇（β－ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ）和胡萝卜甙（ｄａｕｃｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ）。     

天胡荽化学成分的研究

目的 研究天胡荽 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides的化学成分。方法 利用硅胶色谱、Sephadex LH-20色谱以及反相HPLC等手段进行分离纯化,应用NMR等方法鉴定结构。 结果 从天胡荽中分离鉴定了12个化合物,分别为chlorogenic acid methyl ester(1)、正丁基-O-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(2)、当归棱子芹醇葡萄糖苷［(-)-angelicoidenol-2 -O-β-D-glucopyranoside,3］、槲皮素3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(4)、槲皮素(5)、3′-O-methylquercetin(6)、芹菜素(7)、山柰酚(8)、5-hydroxymaltol(9)、齐墩果酸(10)、β-谷甾醇(11)、豆甾醇(12)。结论 化合物1～3,7～10为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

HPLC法测定牛肉中增肉素残留量

增肉素(Ralgro)是1960年由发酵开始,再经半合成法制成,现已被美国药物食品管理局审批作家畜用药。它是一种间羟基苯甲酸内酯(Resorcylic Acid Lactone),化学名为6-(6,10双羟-十一烷基)-β-间羟基苯甲酸-μ-内酯(6-(6,10dihydroxy-undecyl)-β-resorcylic acid-μ-lactone),分子式:C_(18)H_(26)O_5,分子量:322.41。将增肉素埋植于牛、羊耳根脂肪囊中,     

异叶前胡的化学成分研究

目的:研究异叶前胡P.heterophyllum Franch.的化学成分.方法:用色谱方法分离所含化学成分,经波谱分析鉴定结构.结果:分离鉴定了佛手柑内酯(Bergapten,1)、异欧前胡素(Isoimperatorin,2)、氧化前胡素水合物(Oxypeucedanin hydrate,3)、异紫花前胡苷元(Marmesin,4)、石防风素(Deltoin,5)、阿魏酸(Ferulie acid,6)、Falcarindiol(7)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,8)等8个化合物.结论:以上8个化合物均是首次从异叶前胡中得到.     

河南狭苞橐吾化学成分研究

目的 研究产自河南的狭苞橐吾Ligularia intermedia的化学成分。方法 应用硅胶色谱技术及重结晶等方法分离化合物,通过现代波谱技术鉴定化合物的化学结构。结果 从狭苞橐吾乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了12个化合物,分别鉴定为6β-羟基-艾里莫芬-7(11)-烯-12, 8α-内酯（1）、6β, 8α-二羟基-艾里莫芬-7(11)-烯-12, 8α-内酯（2）、6β, 8α-二羟基-艾里莫芬-7(11)-烯-12, 8β-内酯（3）、eremoligularin（4）、8β-羟基-艾里莫芬-7(11)-烯-12, 8α-内酯（5）、10β-羟基-艾里莫芬-7(11)-烯-12, 8α-内酯（6）、艾里莫芬-1(10)-7(11)-8(9)-三烯-12, 8-内酯（7）、咖啡酸（8）、棕榈酸（9）、齐墩果酸（10）、β-谷甾醇（11）、β-胡萝卜苷（12）。结论 化合物1～5、7～9为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.