GTP cyclohydrolase 1 gene 3′-UTR C+243T variant predicts worsening outcome in patients with first-onset ischemic stroke

Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential cofactor for all three nitric oxide synthase (NOS isoforms), which plays an important role in vascular diseases. GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH 1) is the first-step and rate-limiting enzyme for BH4 biosynthesis in its de novo pathway. Common GCH1 gene variant C+243T in the 3’-untranslated region predicts NO excretion. The present study examined the predictive role of GCH 1 gene 3’-UTR C+243T variant in the long-term outcome of ischemic stroke. A total of 142 patients with first-onset ischemic stroke were recruited and detected for genotype of GCH1 3’-UTR C+243T by a TaqMan SNP Genotyping assay. Subsequent vascular events and death were de- termined over a 5-year follow-up period. The frequency of GCH1 3’-UTR +243 C/T or T/T genotype was significantly increased in patients with endpoint events as compared with those without events (74% vs 57.8%, P=0.06). Cox regression survival analysis indicated that an increased probability of death or new vascular events was found in patients with GCH1 3’-UTR +243 C/T or T/T genotype com- pared with those with GCH1 3’-UTR C/C genotype (40.6% vs 25.5%), GCH1 3’-UTR +243 C/T or T/T genotype relative to GCH1 3’-UTR C/C genotype was associated with the increased risk of death or vascular events even after adjustment for other risk factors (OR=2.171, 95% CI: 1.066-4.424, P=0.033). It was concluded that GCH1 3’-UTR C+243T variant was an independent predictor of worsening long-term outcomes in patients with first-onset ischemic stroke.     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因rs1801133位点多态性与肺癌发生风险的关联分析

目的 探讨亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（MTHFR）基因rs1801133位点多态性与肺癌发生风险的相关性。方法 采用病例-对照研究设计,纳入上海市及江苏省泰州地区肺癌患者974例和健康对照1 005例作为研究对象,采集研究对象外周血液后提取全血基因组DNA进行MTHFR基因rs1801133位点基因分型,用非条件logistic回归分析评估该位点单核苷酸多态性与肺癌发生风险的相关性。结果 总人群中MTHFR基因rs1801133位点CT基因型与TT基因型个体肺癌的发生风险均低于CC基因型个体[比值比（OR）=0.801,95%置信区间（CI）：0.651~0.985,P=0.035;OR=0.754,95%CI：0.582~0.975,P=0.032],但经年龄、性别、吸烟状况和恶性肿瘤家族史校正后差异无统计学意义（校正后OR=0.841,95%CI：0.677~1.045,P=0.118;OR=0.799,95%CI：0.609~1.047,P=0.104）。校正后分层分析结果显示,在显性模型中CT+TT基因型男性和恶性肿瘤家族史阳性者肺癌发生风险均较CC基因型对应人群降低（OR=0.764,95%CI：0.597~0.977,P=0.032;OR=0.600,95%CI：0.385~0.925,P=0.022）,CT+TT基因型人群发生肺鳞状细胞癌的风险较CC基因型人群降低（OR=0.727,95%CI：0.542~0.976,P=0.033）。结论 MTHFR基因rs1801133位点C>T突变降低了男性和恶性肿瘤家族史阳性者肺癌的发生风险,尤其是鳞状细胞癌的患病风险。     

腹型肥胖和全身型肥胖与中医体质类型的关系

[目的] 探求腹型肥胖和全身型肥胖与中医体质的关系,为调整偏颇体质、防治肥胖提供依据。[方法] 采用横断面现场调查法收集江西、安徽两家医院983例健康体检人群数据。中医体质调查采用标准化中医体质量表,应用判别分析法判定体质类型。采用Logistic回归分析探索腹型肥胖、全身型肥胖与中医体质类型的关系。[结果] 未调整混杂因素的模型1和调整混杂因素的模型2均显示痰湿质发生腹型肥胖（OR₁=2.92,95%CI=1.76~4.86,P<0.01;OR₂=2.74,95%CI=1.63~4.60,P<0.01）和全身型肥胖（OR₁=2.22,95%CI=1.36~3.61,P<0.01;OR₂=1.89,95%CI=1.14~3.14,P<0.05）的危险度显着增高,而阳虚质发生全身型肥胖（OR₁=0.36,95%CI=0.20~0.67,P<0.01;OR₂=0.38,95%CI=0.21~0.70,P<0.01）的危险度显着降低。[结论] 痰湿质是发生腹型肥胖和全身型肥胖的主要体质类型。     

NLR联合MPVLR对川崎病并发冠状动脉损害的预测价值

目的 探讨中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值(NLR)联合平均血小板体积与淋巴细胞比值(MPVLR)对川崎病(KD)并发冠状动脉损害(CALs)的预测价值。方法 选取2018年1月至2023年1月于安徽医科大学第一附属医院儿科住院治疗的264例KD患儿为研究对象,按照超声心动图结果分为冠状动脉损害组(CALs组,n=34)及非冠状动脉损害组(nCALs组,n=230),收集患儿的基本临床资料及外周血细胞参数,并计算NLR和MPVLR,比较两组之间各指标的差异,使用二元logistic回归分析KD并发CALs的独立危险因素。应用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析NLR、MPVLR独立及两者联合预测KD并发CALs的效能。结果 CALs组白细胞(WBC)、血小板(PLT)计数及NLR、MPVLR水平较nCALs组增高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元logistic回归分析显示,WBC(OR=1.236,95%CI:1.115~1.371,P<0.001)、PLT(OR=1.004,95%CI:1.001~1.007,P=0.008)、NLR(OR=1.091,95%CI:1.001~1.189,P=0.046)、MPVLR(OR=1.160,95%CI:1.008~1.336,P=0.038),为CALs的独立危险因素。NLR预测CALs的最佳截断值为3.93,灵敏度为76.43%,特异度为69.82%,AUC为0.762(95%CI:0.714~0.805,P<0.001);MPVLR预测CALs的最佳截断值为3.53,灵敏度为72.69%,特异度为62.83%,AUC为0.721(95%CI:0.671~0.767,P<0.001)。NLR联合MPVLR预测CALs的灵敏度为78.12%,特异度为68.68%,AUC为0.775(95%CI:0.728~0.817,P<0.001)。结论 外周血细胞参数中NLR、MPVLR对预测KD并发CALs具有重要价值,NLR联合MPVLR预测KD并发CALs的效能更高。     

Surfactant protein a polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Chinese Uighur population

This study investigatedexamined the correlation between surfactant protein-A (SP-A) polymorphism and the susceptibility of cvhronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Xinjiang Uighurs. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 194 COPD smokers and 201 healthy smokers of Uighur who were hospitalized in or paid a visit to one of the four Xingjiang-based hospi-tals involved in the study, betweenfrom March 2009 to December 2010. Single nucleotide polymor-phisms (SNPs) were studied on A/G atwithin amino acid aa62 (CCA/CCG rs1136451) and C/T within aa219 (CGG/TGG, rs4253527) in SP-A. Genotypes were determined by using the TaqMan polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Our results showed that genotype frequencies were different be-tween the COPD and normal smokers infor aa62 (χx2=6.852, P=0.033). There were also significant differences in allele genotype frequencies between the COPD and the control and allele G might de-crease the risk COPD (χx2=6.545, P=0.011; OR=0.663; 95% CI: 0.484-0.909). The result suggested We were led to conclude that polymorphism of aa62 (CCA/CCG, rs1136451) of SP-A may be asso-ciated with the susceptibility to COPD in Xingjiang Uighurs.     

我国极低出生体质量早产儿并发支气管肺发育不良危险因素的Meta分析

目的 运用循证医学探讨我国极低出生体质量早产儿并发支气管肺发育不良的危险因素。方法 系统检索PubMed、Embase、万方数据库、中国期刊全文数据、中国知网（CNKI）、中文科技期刊全文数据、Cochrane临床对照试验资料库、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）,检索时间均从建库至2016年5月。按纳入排除标准进行随机对照试验的筛选、资料提取和文献质量评价,应用Stata 11.0软件进行meta分析。结果 共纳入15篇对照试验研究,mate分析结果显示,胎膜早破（OR=1.90,95% CI：1.16~3.11）,肺透明膜病（OR=6.46,95% CI：4.47~9.35）,吸氧时间（RR=3.01,95% CI：1.34~4.69）,肺部感染（OR=15.76,95% CI：7.51~33.07）,生后窒息（OR=2.23,95% CI：1.09~4.57）,产前感染（OR=3.41,95% CI：2.40~4.84）,动脉导管未闭（OR=3.39,95% CI：2.04~5.64）,胎龄（RR=-2.34,95% CI：-3.42~-1.27）,出生体质量（RR=-2.08,95% CI：-2.91~-1.21）是极低出生体质量早产儿并发支气管肺发育不良的危险因素;产后使用肺表面活性物质（OR=4.09,95% CI：1.65~10.12）是其保护因素。结论 应积极对极低出生体质量早产儿并发支气管肺发育不良危险因素采取预防措施,从而降低支气管肺发育不良的发生率,提高生存率及改善远期生活质量。     

CDKAL1基因rs7756992位点A>G多态性与2型糖尿病易感性的meta分析

目的 系统评价CDKAL1基因rs7756992位点A＞G多态性与2型糖尿病(T2DM)易感性的关系.方法 制定原始文献的纳入、排除标准及检索策略,通过检索学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库及EMBASE、PubMed、ScienceDirect等数据库,收集有关CDKAL1基因rs7756992位点A＞G多态性与T2DM易感性的病例对照研究,以病例组与对照组CDKAL1基因rs7756992位点各种基因模型的比值比(OR)及其95％置信区间(CI)为效应指标进行meta分析,并根据研究人群种族不同进行亚组分析.结果 本研究共纳入15篇文献,T2DM组和对照组病例数分别为24 315例和35 132例.Meta分析显示,CDKAL1基因rs7756992位点A＞G多态性与T2DM易感性有关联[等位基因模式(G vs A):OR=1.171,95％CI 1.122～1.223,P＜0.001;共显性模式(GG vs AA):OR=1.380,95％CI1.258～1.515,P＜0.001;共显性模式(AG vs AA):OR=1.131,95％CI 1.089～1.176,P＜0.001;显性模式(AG+GGvs AA):OR=1.168,95％CI 1.101～1.240,P＜0.001;隐性模式(CG vs AA+AG):OR=1.343,95％CI 1.282～1.405,P＜0.001].亚组分析显示,亚洲人群和白种人群中携带CDKAL1基因rs7756992位点G等位基因的人群发生T2DM的风险增加(P＜0.05);而非洲人群中携带CDKAL1基因rs7756992位点G等位基因与A等位基因的人群发生T2DM风险的差异无统计学意义.结论 在亚洲人群及白种人群中CDKAL1基因rs7756992位点A＞G等位基因的突变可能是T2DM发病的危险因素之一.     

Economic Assessment of Thrombocytopenia: CATCH Registry

Thrombocytopenia is associated with increased patient risk. However, the costs of this complication are not well defined. This study assessed the impact of thrombocytopenia on in-hospital costs using results from CATCH, an observational study that examined 1988 consecutive patients receiving prolonged heparin therapy (≥96 h). Thrombocytopenia was defined as: (group 1) an absolute reduction in platelet count to <150 × 10⁹/L; (group 2) a relative reduction in platelet count of >50% from admission levels; or (group 3) both criteria. We found that the development of thrombocytopenia was associated with significantly higher total in-hospital costs for all groups: (group 1) (difference, $8,222; 95% CI, $8,222; 95% CI, 5,020–$11,425; P < .001); (group 2) (difference, $11,425; P < .001); (group 2) (difference, 15,429; 95% CI, $7,472–$7,472–23,385; P < .001); and (group 3) (difference, $27,077; 95% CI, $27,077; 95% CI, 22,901–$31,252; P < .001). However, in our adjusted model, longer lengths-of-stay and greater use of blood transfusions accounted for most incremental in-hospital cost differences.     

Antagonistic effects of trasilast on proliferation and collagen synthesis induced by TGF-\sB<Subscript>2</Subscript> in cultured human trabecular meshwork cellsin cultured human trabecular meshwork cells

Summary Whether tranilast had antagonistic effect on proliferation inhibition and collagen synthesis promotion induced by TGF-\sB₂ in cultured human trabecular meshwork cells was investigated. Suspension of 1×10⁴ cultured human trabecular meshwork cells of 3–5 passage was distributed in each well of a 96-well disk and divided into control group and experimental group. After 24 h, 0 μg/ml (control), 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50μg/ml tranilast with 3.2 ng/ml TGF-\sB₂ were added into the incubation medium. Another 24 h later, proliferation and collagen synthesis in cultured human trabecular meshwork cells were examined respectively by using tetrazolium-based semiautomated colormetric (MTT) assay and³H-proline incorporation with liquid scintillation technique. The results showed absorbance (A) values of the experimental groups were 0.9036±0.3017, 1.1361±0.1352, 1.2457±0.1524 according to the different concentrations of tranilast, and 0.8956±0.1903 of the control group. In comparison with the control group, 25 μg/ml (q=3.23,P<0.05), 50 μg/ml (q′=4.70,P<0.01) tranilast significantly antagonized the decrease of theA values induced by TGF-\sB₂ in the cultured human trabecular meshowrk cells. In comparison with the control group [817.37±124.21 cpm/10⁴ cells], 12.5 μg/ml (620.33±80.46 cpm/10⁴ cells,q′=4.26,P<0.05), 25 μg/ml (59.4.58±88.13 cpm/10⁴ cells,q′=4.81,P<0.01), 50 μg/ml (418.64±67.90 cpm/10⁴ cells,q′=8.62,P<0.01) tranilast significantly inhibited the incorporation of³H-proline into the cultured human trabecular meshwork cells promoted by TGF-\sB₂ in a dose-dependent manner. It was concluded that tranilast had the antagonistic effect on the proliferation inhibition and collagen synthesis promotion induced by TGF-\sB₂ in the cultured human trabecular meshwork cells. Da Banghong, female, born in 1973, Resident. This project was supported by a grant from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 38970758).     

TET2基因单核苷酸多态性与急性心肌梗死易感性的关系

目的 探讨TET2基因单核苷酸多态性（rs2454206、rs12498609）与急性心肌梗死易感性的相关性。方法 前瞻性选取2022年1月—2022年9月承德医学院附属医院收治的急性心肌梗死患者作为病例组，另选取同期该院健康人群作为对照组，每组150例。比较两组一般资料及血脂相关指标，采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（q RT-PCR）检测TET2基因rs2454206、rs12498609位点基因型，采用多因素Logistic逐步回归分析影响急性心肌梗死发生的危险因素。结果 两组TET2基因rs2454206位点、rs12498609位点基因型频率、等位基因频率比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析显示，高血压■、rs2454206位点AA基因型■、rs12498609位点CC基因型■是影响急性心肌梗死发生的危险因素（P<0.05),■]是影响急性心肌梗死发生的保护因素（P<0.05）。结论 急性心肌梗死的发生受多种因素影响，其中TET2基因rs2454206位点AA基因型、rs12498609位点CC基因型可能与急性心肌梗死易感...     

老年慢性病共病患者抑郁 焦虑状况及影响因素

目的 研究老年慢性病共病患者焦虑、抑郁的发生率及其影响因素,为临床早期干预提供依据。方法 收集2021年6月到2022年6月在北京市大兴区林校社区卫生中心就诊老年慢性病共病患者504例,采用问卷调查方法记录患者的年龄、性别、文化程度、家庭可支配收入、居住方式、慢性病种类、慢性病支出情况等一般资料。应用Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对504例老年慢性病患者进行评分,分析不同性别、可支配收入、文化程度、慢性病数量和居住方式等患者SAS和SDS评分的差别,采用多因素logistic回归分析不同因素对老年慢性病共病患者焦虑、抑郁状态的影响。结果 老年慢性病共病患者的焦虑发生率为49.80%,抑郁发生率为51.58%,同时伴有焦虑抑郁状态的发生率46.62%。可支配收入、文化程度、慢性病种类和居住方式不同的老年慢性病患者SAS和SDS评分差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。logistic回归分析显示,家庭可支配收入高(OR=0.457,95%CI:0.331～0.630)是老年慢性病共病患者焦虑的保护性因素,独居(OR=1.799,95%CI:1.494～2.16...     

麻醉学住院医师规范化培训学员身心健康状况的调查分析

目的 初步调查武汉地区四家大型教学医院麻醉学住院医师规范化培训学员的身心健康状态，并分析其危险因素。方法 选取武汉市4家大型综合性教学医院麻醉学住院医师规范化培训学员作为研究对象，借助SCL-90症状自评量表（symptom checklist-90，SCL-90）、艾森克人格量表（Eysenck personality questionnaire，EPQ）对麻醉学员展开心理健康和人格状态调查。采用SPSS 22.0进行独立样本t检验或者单因素方差分析及卡方检验。采用Logistic回归对SCL-90结果影响因素进行分析。结果 本次调查共发放问卷328份，有效回收326份（回收率99.39%），其中68人（20.86%）显示心理状况异常（SCL-90总分大于160），其中强迫症状、忧郁较高。心理异常学员表现倾向型神经质、倾向型精神质人格特征，且异常人格特征比例比心理正常学员高。单因素分析显示，住培年级、科研压力、月值班次数、人格特征与学员心理异常相关。多因素分析显示，月值班5次以上（B=0.997，P=0.039，OR=2.709，95%CI：1.051~6.986），科研压力极其严重（B=3.235，P=0.002，OR=25.412，95%CI：3.239~199.363），情绪不稳定（B=2.015，P<0.001，OR=7.504，95%CI：3.529~15.954），精神质异常（B=1.640，P<0.001，OR=5.154，95%CI：2.510~10.581）是学员心理异常的危险因素；外向型人格（B=-2.758，P<0.001，OR=0.063，95%CI：0.019~0.215）是学员心理异常的保护因素。结论 武汉地区4家大型教学医院麻醉住培学员心理异常阳性率为20.86%，其可能影响因素与月值班次数、科研压力、工作压力、不同人格特征有关。     

KCNQ1基因多态性与高尿酸血症的关联研究

目的 探讨KCNQ1基因多态性与高尿酸血症发病的关联。方法 采用病例-对照研究和SNaPshot测序技术，对120例高尿酸血症患者（高尿酸血症组）和180例健康对照者（对照组）KCNQ1基因rs179785、rs2283228及rs2237892位点多态性进行分型，并结合其临床资料、生化指标进行关联分析。结果 与对照组比较，高尿酸血症组体重指数（BMI）、收缩压、舒张压、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、甘油三酯（TG）、尿素、肌酐（Cr）和尿酸（UA）水平较高（P <0.05），而高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平较低（P <0.05）；两组的葡萄糖（Glu）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。两组rs2283228、rs2237892位点基因型分布频率比较，差异均有统计学意义（P <0.05）；与对照组比较，高尿酸血症组rs2283228位点AC基因型比例较高（P <0.017），而rs2283228位点CC基因型和rs2237892位点TT基因型比例较低（P <0.017）；两组rs179785位点基因型分布及3个位点等位基因频率比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。无论是否调整混杂因素，rs2283228位点AC基因型均会增加高尿酸血症的发病风险，调整后［R=4.027（95% CI：1.411，11.492），P <0.05］；rs2237892位点CT、TT基因型和T等位基因均会降低其发病风险，调整后［R=0.263（95% CI：0.094，0.738），P <0.05］、［R=0.125（95% CI：0.024，0.647），P <0.05］、［R=0.309（95% CI：0.147，0.652），P <0.05］。而rs179785位点多态性与高尿酸血症的关联无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论 KCNQ1基因rs2283228位点AC基因型可能为高尿酸血症发病的危险因素，rs2237892位点CT、TT基因型和T等位基因可能为其发病的保护因素。     

Increase in observed mental health difficulties one year after acute coronary syndrome: general practitioner survey

Background  General practitioners (GPs) are often the first to assess mental health difficulties after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Aims  To determine whether GPs observed an increase in mental health difficulties one-year post-hospitalisation for ACS. Methods  Postal survey. Results  GPs rated patients (n = 442) as having probable (GP assessed 10%) or definite (formally assessed 7%) mental health difficulties pre-hospitalisation. Post-hospitalisation the prevalence of probable cases increased significantly to 19% (OR = 4.3, 95% CI 2.1–10.2, P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, only smoking at index hospitalisation was associated with being assessed as a new case of probable/formal mental health difficulties (RR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.3–3.4, P = 0.003). Forty-seven percent of cases were prescribed some medication for this problem. Conclusions  GPs recorded a significant increase in mental health difficulties in ACS patients 12 months after hospitalisation, with smoking used as an indicator of new cases.     

上海地区高出生体质量与儿童肥胖关系的横断面研究

目的 探讨高出生体质量与儿童肥胖之间的关系,为预防和减少儿童肥胖的发生提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样调查方法,选取70 284名3~12岁上海儿童作为研究对象,通过问卷调查收集所有研究对象年龄、性别、体质量、身高、新生儿时期数据（包括出生孕周、出生体质量和喂养方式）等信息,分析高出生体质量与儿童肥胖之间的关系。结果 男孩高出生体质量组和正常出生体质量组超重、肥胖及重度肥胖构成比差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）,女孩高出生体质量组和正常出生体质量组超重、肥胖及重度肥胖构成比差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。经多变量logistic回归模型调整年龄及性别因素后,高出生体质量是引起儿童超重（OR=1.41,95%CI 1.33~1.51,P<0.05）、肥胖（OR=1.45,95%CI 1.31~1.62,P<0.05）、重度肥胖（OR=1.51,95%CI 1.35~1.68,P<0.05）的独立危险因素;调整年龄、性别及新生儿特征因素（包括孕周、喂养模式）后,高出生体质量是引起儿童超重（OR=1.40,95%CI 1.31~1.50,P<0.05）、肥胖（OR=1.44,95%CI 1.28~1.61,P<0.05）、重度肥胖（OR=1.42,95%CI 1.25~1.60,P<0.05）的独立危险因素。结论 高出生体质量是儿童超重、肥胖和重度肥胖的重要危险因素。     

食管癌早癌内镜黏膜下剥离术后发生食管狭窄的危险因素分析及预测模型建立

目的 分析食管癌早癌内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)后发生食管狭窄的危险因素并建立相应的预测模型。方法 回顾性分析六安市人民医院消化内科于2018年6月至2021年12月收治的52例符合标准的早期食管癌患者病理和临床资料,根据患者术后是否发生食管狭窄分为狭窄组(n=15例)与非狭窄组(n=37例)。比较两组患者基线资料,分析筛选获得与术后发生食管狭窄有关的指标,再将有关指标纳入多因素logistic回归分析中得出影响术后发生食管狭窄的独立因素,并基于上述因素对应系数构建线性回归模型,采取受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估模型的预测价值,选择拟合优度检验评判预测值与实际值的一致性情况。结果 两组患者固有肌层损伤、病变环周范围、肿瘤浸润深度、剥离的纵径长度比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果提示有固有肌层损伤(OR=4.310,95%CI:2.307～8.055)、病变环周范围>3/4环周(OR=12.820,95%CI:3.781～43.470)、肿瘤浸润深度进展至M3～SM1期(OR=6.482,95%CI:2.747～15.294)、长剥离...     

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉术后复发的预测模型建立

目的 研究慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉术后复发的预测模型建立。方法 选择2014年9月至2018年6月在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院高淳分院治疗的258例鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者作为模型建立组,建立术后复发的预测模型,选择同期本院收治的134例患者验证模型的区分度和校准度。结果 logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟史（OR=2.998,95% CI：2.095~4.292）、鼻窦总积分（OR=1.489,95% CI：1.129~1.963）、支气管哮喘（OR=2.186,95% CI：1.688~2.831）、变应性鼻炎（OR=1.740,95% CI：1.403~2.159）、头/面疼痛评分（OR=2.083,95% CI：1.637~2.651）及嗅觉损伤评分（OR=1.879,95% CI：1.509~2.341）是患者术后复发的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 吸烟史、鼻窦总积分、支气管哮喘、变应性鼻炎、头/面疼痛评分及嗅觉损伤评分等影响因素建立预测模型可有效预测患者术后复发。     

Family history of esophageal cancer modifies the association of serum lipids and malignant esophageal lesions: a nested case-control study from the “Endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Cancer in China” trial

Background:The association of lipids and cancer has varied greatly among different cancer types, lipid components and study populations. This study is aimed to investigate the association of serum lipids and the risk of malignant lesions in esophageal squamous epithelium.Methods:In the “Endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Cancer in China” (ESECC) trial, serum samples were collected and tested for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol at the time of subject enrollment. Cases were defined as malignant esophageal lesions identified by baseline endoscopic examination or by follow-up to May 31, 2018. Controls were randomly selected using incidence density sampling in the same cohort. Conditional logistic models were applied to identify the association of serum lipids and the risk of malignant esophageal lesions. Effect modification was evaluated by testing interaction terms of the factor under assessment and these serum lipid indicators.Results:No consistent association between serum lipid levels and esophageal malignant lesions were found in a pooled analysis of 211 cases and 2101 controls. For individuals with a family history of esophageal cancer (EC), high TC, and LDL-C were associated with a significantly increased risk of having malignant lesions (odds ratio [OR]_{High vs. Low TC} = 2.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14–4.35; OR_{High vs. Low LDL-C} = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.01–3.65). However, a negative association was observed in participants without an EC family history (OR_{High vs. Low TC} = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.48–0.98, P_interaction = 0.002; OR_{High vs. Low LDL-C} = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.34–0.76, P_interaction < 0.001).Conclusions:In this study, we found that the association of serum lipids and malignant esophageal lesions might be modified by EC family history. The stratified analysis would be crucial for population-based studies investigating the association of serum lipids and cancer. The mechanism by which a family history of EC modifies this association warrants further investigation.     

Effect of allopurinol on blood pressure of adolescents with newly diagnosed essential hypertension: a randomized trial

Daniel I. Feig, MD, PhD; Beth Soletsky, RN; Richard J. Johnson, MD

JAMA. 2008;300(8):924-932.

Context  Hyperuricemia is a predictor for the development of hypertension and is commonly present in new-onset essential hypertension. Experimentally increasing uric acid levels using a uricase inhibitor causes systemic hypertension in animal models.

Objective  To determine whether lowering uric acid lowers blood pressure (BP) in hyperuricemic adolescents with newly diagnosed hypertension.

Design, Setting, and Patients  Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial (September 2004-March 2007) involving 30 adolescents (aged 11-17 years) who had newly diagnosed, never-treated stage 1 essential hypertension and serum uric acid levels 6 mg/dL. Participants were treated at the Pediatric Hypertension Clinic at Texas Children's Hospital in Houston. Patients were excluded if they had stage 2 hypertension or known renal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal tract, hepatic, or endocrine disease.

Intervention  Allopurinol, 200 mg twice daily for 4 weeks, and placebo, twice daily for 4 weeks, with a 2-week washout period between treatments. The order of the treatments was randomized.

Main Outcome Measures  Change in casual and ambulatory blood pressure.

Results  For casual BP, the mean change in systolic BP for allopurinol was –6.9 mm Hg (95% confidence interval [CI], –4.5 to –9.3 mm Hg) vs –2.0 mm Hg (95% CI, 0.3 to –4.3 mm Hg; P = .009) for placebo, and the mean change in diastolic BP for allopurinol was –5.1 mm Hg (95% CI, –2.5 to –7.8 mm Hg) vs –2.4 (95% CI, 0.2 to –4.1; P = .05) for placebo. Mean change in mean 24-hour ambulatory systolic BP for allopurinol was –6.3 mm Hg (95% CI, –3.8 to –8.9 mm Hg) vs 0.8 mm Hg (95% CI, 3.4 to –2.9 mm Hg; P = .001) for placebo and mean 24-hour ambulatory diastolic BP for allopurinol was –4.6 mm Hg (–2.4 to –6.8 mm Hg) vs –0.3 mm Hg (95% CI, 2.3 to –2.1 mm Hg; P = .004) for placebo. Twenty of the 30 participants achieved normal BP by casual and ambulatory criteria while taking allopurinol vs 1 participant while taking placebo (P < .001).

Conclusions  In this short-term, crossover study of adolescents with newly diagnosed hypertension, treatment with allopurinol resulted in reduction of BP. The results represent a new potential therapeutic approach, although not a fully developed therapeutic strategy due to potential adverse effects. These preliminary findings require confirmation in larger clinical trials.

Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00288184