单株毛发游离移植治疗眉毛缺损

目的：寻求一种治疗眉毛缺损的简单有效的手术方法方法：在耳后或枕后发际内切取一条带毛发的完整头皮。利用特殊器械将毛干及毛囊完整分离,用植毛针把带完整毛囊的毛发移植于眉毛缺损处。结果：30例52只眉毛通过本方法治疗均取得良好疗效。结论：每株移植的毛发均带完整的毛囊,成活率高,并可控制毛发的生长方向及密度,可取得近似真眉毛的效果。     

单株自体毛发移植加密修饰睫毛

目的 探索应用单株自体毛发移植修饰睫毛短而稀疏的效果.方法 对26例女性求美者,采用枕后安全区头皮,制成毛干长4 cm的单株移植物,用缝合针将头发移植到上睑缘处,每侧30～40根.结果 植入毛发生长良好,方向、形态满意,使用电睫毛夹夹烫或睫毛膏修饰,效果更佳,移植毛发成活率在95%以上.结论 单株自体毛发移植加密修饰睫毛是一种适宜的睫毛修饰方法.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the aesthetic result of dense-packing single-hair grafting for eyelash. Methods Twenty-six female cases were treated with the donor sites at the occipital safe area.The single-hair grafts were made with the hair of 4cm in length. The grafts were transplanted to the upper lid margin with needle technique, 30-40 grafts at each side. Results The hair grafts survived very well with good growth direction. It looked even better when it had a permanent wave or the mascara was applied.The survival rate of hair grafts was more than 95%. Conclusions It is feasible to improve the shorter and thinner eyelash by dense-packing single-hair grafts.     

单株自体毛发移植加密修饰睫毛

目的 探索应用单株自体毛发移植修饰睫毛短而稀疏的效果.方法 对26例女性求美者,采用枕后安全区头皮,制成毛干长4 cm的单株移植物,用缝合针将头发移植到上睑缘处,每侧30～40根.结果 植入毛发生长良好,方向、形态满意,使用电睫毛夹夹烫或睫毛膏修饰,效果更佳,移植毛发成活率在95%以上.结论 单株自体毛发移植加密修饰睫毛是一种适宜的睫毛修饰方法.     

单株自体毛发移植加密修饰睫毛

目的 探索应用单株自体毛发移植修饰睫毛短而稀疏的效果.方法 对26例女性求美者,采用枕后安全区头皮,制成毛干长4 cm的单株移植物,用缝合针将头发移植到上睑缘处,每侧30～40根.结果 植入毛发生长良好,方向、形态满意,使用电睫毛夹夹烫或睫毛膏修饰,效果更佳,移植毛发成活率在95%以上.结论 单株自体毛发移植加密修饰睫毛是一种适宜的睫毛修饰方法.     

自体毛发显微移植治疗眉毛缺损

目的 探讨自体毛发显微毛囊移植治疗眉毛缺损的方法及疗效.方法 在耳后或枕部距发际线2cm内的毛发安全供区切取约8cm×1cm的头皮条,制备显微毛囊移植单位,并移植于眉部受区.自2008年10月至2010年11月,共治疗各种类型眉毛稀疏、缺损患者20例.结果 本组20例患者(32只眉毛),均Ⅰ期完成手术.随访18例患者6～12个月,移植毛发成活良好,毛发生长方向自然,密度均匀.结论 利用自体毛发显微毛囊移植治疗眉毛缺损,移植成活率高,外观自然,值得临床推广.     

单株毛发移植修复大面积瘢痕性秃发

自2002年1月-2008年11月，我科收治11例大面积瘢痕性秃发病人，笔者采用单株毛发移植的方法修复毛发缺损区，移植的毛发生长自然，取得了满意效果。 1资料和方法 1．1一般资料：本组共11例，男性8例，女性3例，年龄最小18岁，最大42岁，平均28岁。毛发缺损区面积最小100cm^2，最大306cm^2，平均150cm^2。致伤原因：11例中，火焰烧伤7例，电击伤2例，外伤2例。     

高密度单株毛囊移植修复瘢痕性脱发

高密度毛囊移植技术手术创伤小、恢复快,毛发生长自然、密集,即便在瘢痕区域的受床上移植的毛发常常也能良好地生长,是治疗瘢痕性脱发的一项理想技术.2008年6月至2012年1月,我们将高密度毛囊移植技术应用于1000例1580个瘢痕脱发区,效果良好.术后12个月以上的远期随访发现,移植的毛发生长自然、良好,成活率90％～95％.Ⅰ期移植大量的高密度单株毛囊移植物与传统的多株毛囊移植物相比,可使移植后的毛发生长更加接近于自然分布状态.     

Hair transplantation to the eyebrow, eyelashes, and other parts of the body

Since its earliest applications, hair transplantation has been used for treating not only the scalp in pattern baldness but also other parts of the body, commencing with eyebrow reconstruction. The earliest micrografts were applied to the eyebrow more than 30 years before their application to the scalp became the standard of care. Today hair transplantation is applied to a number of other areas. The principle behind transplanting these areas is the same-once transplanted, the hairs continue to grow because of the phenomenon of donor dominance. This article reviews the role and technique of hair transplantation to the eyebrows and eyelids, chest, beard and moustache, and pubic escutcheon.     

How I treat cryptococcosis in organ transplant recipients

Cryptococcosis is a significant opportunistic mycoses in organ transplant recipients. Topical developments in the field in the past few years have highlighted important issues and at the same time raised new questions regarding the management of this yeast. These include, for example, management of pretransplant cryptococcosis during transplant candidacy and timing of transplant in these instances; potential for donor transmission of cryptococcosis in light of recent fatal transmissions; and prevention and treatment of Cryptococcus-associated immune reconstitution syndrome. Discussed herein are challenges posed by these issues and evidence-based data to optimize the management of posttransplant cryptococcosis.     

Hair Cosmetics for the Hair Loss Patient

Medical professionals that treat patients with alopecia usually lack knowledge about hair cosmetics. Trichologists focus on hair cycling and growth problems and not on the hair shaft integrity. This may lead to abandon of the use of the prescribed treatment, such as topical minoxidil or to inadequate traumatic grooming habits that may jeopardize hair follicle health. Shampoos, hair dyes, and hair-straightening products may alter hair fiber structure, remove lipids, and elude protein. Hair procedures such as hair dying and straightening have side effects and health concerns, especially for pregnant women or sensitive hair and scalp patients. Hair breakage, follicle traction, frizz, contact dermatitis, and mutagenicity are possible side effects of hair cosmetics misuse. The proper use of hair care products may help to increase patients'' adherence to alopecia treatments and avoid health problems related to inadequate application of hair cosmetics and procedures.     

Use of bortezomib to treat anti-HLA antibodies in renal transplant patients: A single-center experience

Donor-specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSA) are associated with decreased graft survival and may cause graft rejection. Bortezomib, a selective inhibitor of the 26S proteasome developed to treat multiple myeloma, has been used for its anti-plasma cell activity in patients undergoing transplantation. We describe our experience with bortezomib used to reduce anti-HLA antibodies in eight renal transplant patients. Patients received bortezomib (1.3 mg/m²) on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 beginning when antibodies were detected. It was used alone in one patient and was complemented with plasmapheresis in five patients, with IVIG in one patient, and with IVIG and plasmapheresis in another patient. De novo DSA class II were detected in all eight patients and two also had DSA class I. Antibodies were entirely eliminated in five (62.5%) patients 90 days after treatment but only reduced in the other three (62.5%). Notably, they later increased in one patient. Five (62.5%) patients had AMR, two (25%) had mixed rejection, and one had no rejection. our results suggest that bortezomib is effective for reducing DSA avoiding chronic graft injury.     

Partial nephrectomy used to treat renal cell carcinoma arising in a live donor transplant kidney

There are few reported cases of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) arising in kidney allografts. Whether these tumours occur due to post-transplant malignant transformation or are present at the time of transplantation is unclear. The influence of immunosuppression must be considered in their development, progression and treatment. We report a case of a RCC presenting asymptomatically in a functioning live donor renal allograft 173 months after transplantation. In an attempt to avoid return to dialysis treatment, a partial nephrectomy was carried out. To optimise the procedure, and to assure cancer clearance, combined intraoperative ultrasound and frozen section analysis were used. Our patient remains disease free and dialysis independent at 22 months follow up. To our knowledge, this patient represents the only live donor organ transplant tumour reported to be treated using nephron-sparing surgery and remain dialysis independent. Partial nephrectomy should be considered as a treatment option in such cases.     

Anti-globulin responses to rat and humanized CAMPATH-1 monoclonal antibody used to treat transplant rejection

BACKGROUND: Antiglobulin responses are a significant limitation to the repeated use of murine monoclonal antibodies for treatment of transplant rejection. It is hoped that these might be largely overcome by using antibodies genetically engineered to resemble human antibodies. METHODS: We have compared the responses in patients treated with the CD52 monoclonal antibodies CAMPATH-1G (rat IgG2b) or its humanized derivative, CAMPATH-1H (human immunoglobulin G1). RESULTS: A majority of patients (15 of 17) made responses to the rat antibody, but there were no detectable responses to the humanized antibody (0 of 12). CONCLUSIONS: Although anti-idiotype responses are theoretically possible against humanized therapeutic antibodies and are especially likely to be provoked by cell-binding antibodies, these data show that humanization offers a significant reduction in immunogenicity, potentially allowing repeat courses of treatment.     

Does the Recipient Site Influence the Hair Growth Characteristics in Hair Transplantation?

BACKGROUND: Recently hair transplantation has been widely applied not only to correct androgenetic alopecia, but also to correct hair loss on other parts of the body such as the eyebrows and pubic area. It is believed that the transplanted hairs will maintain their integrity and characteristics after transplantation to new nonscalp sites. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the transplanted hairs maintain their hair growth characteristics after transplantation to a new anatomic site other than the scalp. METHODS: Three study designs were used. Study I: Hair transplantation from the author's occipital scalp to his lower leg was performed and clinical evaluations were made at both 6 months and at 3 years after the transplantation. Study II: After finding changes in hair growth characteristics, transplanted hairs were harvested from the leg and retransplanted to the left side of the nape of the neck (group A). As a control study, occipital hairs were transplanted to the opposite side (group B). Observations were made at 6 months after the operation. Study III: An observational study was done in 12 patients with androgenetic alopecia about 1 year after transplantation of occipital hair to frontal scalp. At each step, survival rates were documented and the rate of growth and the diameter of the shafts were measured for both recipient and donor sites. RESULTS: Study I: Surviving hairs on the lower leg showed a lower growth rate (8.2 +/- 0.9 mm/month), but the same diameter (0.086 +/- 0.018 mm) compared with occipital hairs (16.0 +/- 1.1 mm/month, 0.088 +/- 0.016 mm). The survival rate 3 years after transplantation was 60.2%. Study II: There was no significant difference in the growth rate, shaft diameter, and survival rate between retransplanted hairs (group A) and controls (group B). Groups A and B showed a lower growth rate, but the same diameter, compared with occipital hairs. Study III: There was no significant difference in the growth rate and shaft diameter between the transplanted hairs on the frontal scalp and the occipital hairs. CONCLUSION: These results strongly suggest that the recipient site affects some characteristics of transplanted hairs, such as their growth and survival rates.