Paraoxonase-1 is not affected in polycystic ovary syndrome without metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance,but oxidative stress is altered

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity is decreased in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) having metabolic syndrome (MetS) or insulin resistance (IR). We aimed to assess PON1 activity and oxidative stress in PCOS without MetS or IR. Metabolic and hormonal parameters, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), oxidative stress parameters (total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidative stress (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), total free sulfhydryl (?SH) groups), PON and arylesterase were analyzed in 30 normal weighed patients with PCOS without MetS or IR and 20 normal controls. Hs-CRP, PON, arylesterase, and TAS levels of PCOS and control groups were similar. LOOH, TOS, and OSI of PCOS group were higher than in the controls (p?<?0.05; p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.001, respectively). ?SH group levels showed a positive correlation with free testosterone (fT). TOS positively correlated with free androgen index (FAI), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), LOOH, and OSI. This study showed that oxidative stress is increased in PCOS even in the absence of MetS or IR. PON1 activity appears not to be affected in PCOS without MetS and IR. Several metabolic and antropometric risk factors may aggravate this altered oxidative state in PCOS.     

产后HELLP综合征合并多器官功能障碍综合征:1例病案报道

目的探讨连续性肾脏替代治疗(continuous renal replacement therapy,CRRT)对HELLP综合征(hemolysis,elevated liver enzymes,and low platelets syndrome)的治疗作用。方法对1名40岁,第二次自然妊娠,双胎,剖宫产后大出血随后发展为HELLP综合征并出现多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)的女性患者,进行院内ICU救治并给予连续性肾脏替代治疗(CRRT)。结果经治疗36 d后,患者好转出院,后电话随访,未再出现相关不适症状。结论肾上腺糖皮质激素及CRRT的应用提高了HELLP综合征患者的生存率及生活质量,但应用的时机和剂量还需要大规模的研究。     

Type 2 diabetes susceptibility single-nucleotide polymorphisms are not associated with polycystic ovary syndrome

Two cohorts of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), comprising 400 probands and affected sisters in 365 families and a case-control group including 395 women with PCOS and 171 healthy women with regular menstrual cycles, were studied to determine whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified as susceptibility loci in genomewide association studies of type 2 diabetes are also associated with PCOS. None of the 18 allelic variants in 10 genes previously shown to be associated with type 2 diabetes were found to be associated with PCOS, but some were associated with indices of beta cell function.     

肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征并发妊娠期高血压/子痫前期风险因素的研究

目的探讨肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者并发妊娠期高血压/子痫前期(PIH/PE)的风险因素。方法对PCOS合并不孕患者通过促排卵成功单胎妊娠的妇女进行前瞻性队列研究,随访至产后12周。从孕前的临床体征评分、内分泌及代谢状态中筛选出PCOS并发PIH/PE的风险因素。结果本研究共纳入促排卵受孕的PCOS患者92例,其中肥胖型和非肥胖型分别为38例和54例,并发PIH/PE分别为11例和6例,发病率分别为28.9%和11.1%(P0.05)。Logistic回归多因素分析显示肥胖型PCOS患者并发PIH/PE的风险因素为血性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)(OR=0.975,P0.05),是唯一的独立风险因子;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析孕前SHBG和腰臀比(WHR)对肥胖型PCOS患PIH/PE的预测价值分别为0.883及0.775(P均0.05)。结论肥胖型比非肥胖型PCOS患者更易并发PIH/PE,肥胖型PCOS患者孕前的低SHBG、中心性肥胖都可能与孕期并发PIH/PE有关。     

Polycystic ovary syndrome and the single nucleotide polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase: a pilot observational study

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), insulin resistance and overall mortality due to diabetes and coronary artery disease are higher in South Asians than in Caucasians. Aims: We compared the prevalence of the C677T and A1298C single nucleotide polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene in South Asian and Caucasian women, its association with folate and homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism, and its relevance to future atherogenic events. Methods and results: 71 women were recruited for the study: South Asian PCOS (21) plus controls (9) and Caucasian PCOS (25) plus controls (16). Anthropometric and laboratory parameters were compared. South Asian PCOS women were significantly hyperandrogenic and exhibited a greater degree of insulin resistance. Caucasian PCOS women had higher plasma Hcy concentrations with a 1.9 times higher frequency of the T allele than the South Asian PCOS group. In the presence of this variant allele, plasma Hcy levels appear to be higher in both PCOS groups. The South Asians had a 1.8 times higher frequency of the C allele than the Caucasians; however, the overall frequency was comparable in the two PCOS groups. The frequency of homozygosity, i.e. TT677 and CC1298, was 7.2% and 4.9% in the Caucasians and 0% and 16.6% in the South Asian recruits, respectively.

Dietary inadequacies in the South Asian women can influence their plasma folate and B12 concentrations resulting in hyperhomocysteinemia which, in combination with dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance, can lead to long-term atherogenic consequences. Conclusions: Current data suggests that the mechanisms of atherothrombosis have separate pathways in the two ethnic groups. Larger studies exploring the current theme need to be carried out in the PCOS groups to obtain adequate insight.     

Atypical case of reversible posterior leucoencephalopathy syndrome associated with puerperal HELLP syndrome

Reversible posterior lekoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is usually reversible. However, permanent cerebral damage may result if diagnosis is delayed. White matter edema in the posterior cerebral hemispheres is typical on neuroimaging. A 36-year-old primigravid woman underwent induction of labor due to mild pregnancy-induced hypertension. At 5 h after delivery, she developed eclampsia seizures complicated by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP) syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging showed high-density lesions in anterior regions without any abnormalities in posterior cerebral regions. Cases of postpartum RPLS without involvement of posterior brain regions after eclampsia complicated by HELLP syndrome are very rare. Patients with RPLS do not always show typical manifestations.     

Comparison of cabergoline versus calcium infusion in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome prevention: A randomized clinical trial

Aim

To compare effectiveness of calcium infusion (CI) versus oral cabergoline (OC) in lowering the incidence and severity of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in high risk women undergoing in vitro-fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles.

重度卵巢过度刺激综合征发病风险因素的预测研究

目的:研究窦卵泡数、h CG注射日血清E_2水平、获卵数对于预测重度卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)的作用,特别是晚发型重度OHSS的可能危险作用。方法:回顾性分析IVF周期早发型和晚发型重度OHSS患者的临床资料并与对照组相比。结果:早发型重度OHSS(n=184)与对照组(n=5 044)相比,当获卵数0~9个/周期时,患者年龄、获卵数、窦卵泡数的妊娠结局组间无统计学差异;随着获卵数的增多,总窦卵泡数、h CG注射日E_2水平、Gn用量等组间有显著性差异;晚发型重度OHSS(n=279)与对照组(n=13 074)相比,当获卵数0~9个/周期,总窦卵泡数、h CG注射日E_2水平、Gn用量组间有统计学差异;随着获卵数的增多,年龄、BMI、基础雄激素(A)、总窦卵泡数、h CG注射日E_2水平、Gn用量、内膜厚度有差异;随着获卵数增多(20个/周期),患者BMI、基础FSH、总窦卵泡数、h CG注射日E_2水平、Gn用量组间有差异。当获卵数15个/周期时,h CG注射日血清E_212 000 pmol/L,卵巢窦卵泡数12个/周期时,重度OHSS的发病率明显上升。多因素Logistic回归分析筛选出:获卵数、可移植胚胎数、h CG注射日E_2水平及总窦卵泡数为晚发型OHSS的危险因素。结论:早发型重度OHSS与晚发型重度OHSS发生机制不同,早发型和晚发型重度OHSS的发生与获卵数(12个/周期)、h CG注射日E_2水平(12 000 pmol/L)、Gn用量相关;可移植胚胎多者建议全部胚胎冷冻,减少晚发型OHSS发生。     

三种助孕技术治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕的疗效比较

目的：观察３种助孕技术：ＩＶＦ ＥＴ、ＧＩＦＴ和控制性超促排卵（ＣＯＨ）后自行同房对多囊卵巢综合征（ＰＣＯＳ）不孕患者的疗效。方法：应用３种方法治疗,观察各组的临床妊娠率和发生卵巢过度刺激综合征（ＯＨＳＳ）的情况。结果：ＩＶＦ ＥＴ和ＧＩＦＴ与ＣＯＨ相比能得到更高的临床妊娠率,而前二者发生ＯＨＳＳ的危险性明显低于后者。结论：为避免ＣＯＨ后发生ＯＨＳＳ,建议对因ＰＣＯＳ不孕的患者采取体外助孕技术治疗。应用何种技术要根据患者的具体情况而定。如果有至少１ 条输卵管完全正常,可先试行ＧＩＦＴ。此外,须将多余的卵子进行体外授精试验,观察其受精及卵裂情况,从而对今后的治疗提出指导性建议,并要将得到的胚胎进行冷冻保存,以备今后使用。     

醋酸环丙孕酮联合二甲双胍对多囊卵巢综合征患者内分泌及代谢影响的Meta分析

目的:系统评价二甲双胍与复方醋酸环丙孕酮(CPA)联合应用对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者内分泌及代谢的影响.方法:计算机检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普数据库、中国知网数据库,纳入关于二甲双胍与复方CPA联合应用治疗PCOS的对照研究,检索时限均截止至2015年1月.由2位研究者独立按照纳入与排除标准筛选文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究的方法学质量后,采用RevMan5.2软件进行Meta分析.结果:共纳入9个对照研究,合计641例患者.Meta分析结果显示:二甲双胍联合复方CPA组LH/FSH(MD=-0.42,95％CI=-0.55～-0.28,P＜0.000 01)、睾酮(SMD=-0.42,95％CI=-0.78～-0.07,P=0.02)、空腹血糖(MD=-0.91,95％CI=-1.28～0.54,P＜0.000 01)和空腹胰岛素(MD=-0.63,95％CI=1.07～0.43,P=0.005)等方面均优于单纯复方CPA组.结论:当前证据表明,二甲双胍联合复方CPA对PCOS患者内分泌激素及代谢的改善效果优于单纯复方CPA.     

不同剂量来曲唑预防早发型卵巢过度刺激综合征的临床研究

目的:探讨卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)高危患者在取卵后应用不同剂量来曲唑(LE)预防早发型OHSS发生的效果。方法:88例患者随机分为4组,A~C组为LE组,取卵即日起每日添加LE,LE剂量分别为A组(n=21)2.5 mg/d,B组(n=23)5.0 mg/d,C组(n=20)7.5 mg/d,D组为对照组(n=24)。测患者黄体期内分泌、血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)水平及中重度OHSS发生率。结果:h CG注射后第5日始血清E_2水平随时间变化呈降低趋势,随着LE剂量增加,E_2水平降低速度明显加快,组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。血清LH水平在注射h CG后第8日、第10日随着LE剂量的增加而逐渐上升,P水平却逐渐降低,组间差异显著(P0.05)。血清VEGF水平从h CG注射后5日始,D组呈上升趋势,而其它三组呈下降趋势,随着LE剂量的增加,血中VEGF水平越低,各组之间两两比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.001)。C组中重度OHSS发生率低于D组。结论:不同剂量的LE均能一定程度降低血清E_2及VEGF水平,当剂量增至7.5 mg/d时,OHSS发生率最低。     

mTOR通路参与多囊卵巢综合征胰岛素抵抗的病理生理改变

胰岛素抵抗(IR)是多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)发病的重要病理生理基础,雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)通路过度激活可导致IR,为PCOS患者多种细胞IR的机制之一。PCOS患者体内高雄激素环境也通过mTOR通路加重细胞IR。高胰岛素血症促进卵巢雄激素的合成,增多的雄激素加重全身细胞IR。卵巢细胞同样存在IR,mTOR通路在其中的作用有待进一步挖掘。     

Ameliorative effect of myo-inositol on red blood cell alterations in polycystic ovary syndrome: in vitro study

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)is a gynecological endocrine disorder which is associated with systemic inflammatory status inducing red blood cells (RBC) membrane alterations related to insulin resistance and testosterone levels which could be greatly improved by myo-inositol (MYO) uptake. In this study we aim to evaluate the effect of MYO in reducing oxidative-related alterations through in vitro study on PCOS RBC. Blood samples from two groups of volunteers, control group (CG, n?=?12) and PCOS patient group (PG, n?=?12), were analyzed for band 3 tyrosine phosphorylation (Tyr-P), high molecular weight aggregate (HMWA), IgG in RBC membranes, and glutathione (GSH) in cytosol, following O/N incubation in the presence or absence of MYO. PCOS RBC underwent oxidative stress as indicated by higher band 3 Tyr-P and HMWA and increased membrane bound autologous IgG. Twenty four hours (but not shorter time) MYO incubation, significantly improved both Tyr-P level and HMWA formation and concomitant membrane IgG binding. However, no relevant modification of GSH content was detected. PCOS RBC membranes are characterized by increased oxidized level and enhanced sensitivity to oxidative injuries leading to potential premature RBC removal. MYO treatment is effective in reducing oxidative related abnormalities in PCOS patients probably restoring the inositol phospholipid pools of the membranes.     

Evaluation of the correlation between insulin like factor 3, polycystic ovary syndrome,and ovarian maldescent

The aim of this study was to investigate a proposed correlation between the incidentally discovered undescended ovaries and their confirmed diagnosis as a polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) for all cases included, and to evaluate the role of estimated insulin like factor 3 (INSL3) circulating level in the pathogenesis of both abnormal findings. The study group (A) comprised 35 women whose ovaries had been incidentally found to be undescended during the routine laparoscopy for infertility causes, and all had been diagnosed as PCOD. The control category included two subgroups; subgroup (B) included 35 women group, diagnosed as PCOD but with normally allocated ovaries in the true pelvis, and subgroup (C) included 35 healthy women with regular menses and no signs of hyperandrogenism. Correlations between the level of INSL3 and other PCOD relevant biochemical tests: [e.g. BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), LH, FSH, androstendione (A), total and free testosterone (T &; Ft), DHEA-S, and SHBG] had been also investigated. INSL3 levels were significantly higher in PCOD groups (A) and (B) compared to the healthy fertile control subgroup (C) (80.5?±?29.4, 65.11?±?15.6, and 41.11?±?10.2?pg/mL, respectively), and was highest in group (A). Moreover, we identified a strong correlation between INSL3 and androstenedione (r?=?0.42, p?=?0.0012), and free (r?=?0.42, p?=?.0123) and total testosterone (r?=?0.41, p?=?.004) in the PCOD (A) and (B) subgroup compared to the levels in subgroup (C). LH was significantly higher in all PCOD women in groups (A&;B) (12. 3?±?3.4, and 11.2?±?1.4 mIU/L, respectively) compared to those in group (A) (5.7?±?2.5 mIU/L), with a fair correlation with INSL3. However, there was no statistically significant correlation between INSL3 and FSH, DHEA-S, glucose, basal insulin concentration or HOMA-IR in all PCOD women. The strong positive correlation between INSL3, and high ovarian androgens levels in all PCOD women, which appeared clearly in undescended polycystic ovaries could support the proposed syndrome hypothesis between those abnormal findings.