薄层色谱—分光光度法测定当归龙荟丸中大黄素和靛玉红含量

本文用薄层色谱—分光光度法测定当归龙荟丸中大黄素和靛玉红的含量。在硅胶H薄层板上。用苯-乙酸乙酯-甲酸-水(30∶0∶0.5∶5.0)为展开剂,分离大黄素、靛玉红和其它共存成分,大黄素和靛玉红分别以甲醇和氯仿提取,用435,on与550.0nm波长测定吸光度,计算含量。大黄素回收率为100.3%(n=5),变异系数为0.57%;靛玉红回收率为99.61%(n=5),变异系数为0.66%。     

薄层扫描法测定中药马钱子制剂中士的宁和布鲁生

本文应用薄层扫描法,测定了两种中药复方制剂中士的宁(strychnine)和布鲁生(brucine)含量。样品在碱性条件下用乙醚—氯仿(3∶1)液浸泡提取,提取液于硅胶GF_(254)薄层上,以甲醇-4N氨水(9∶1)展开分离,在CS-910双波长薄层扫描仪上,λs=255nm、295nm和λ_R=400nm分别测定士的宁和布鲁生。点样量0至10.00μg与积分值呈线性关系,回收率95%以上,变异系数小于5%。     

薄层扫描测定溴丁东茛菪碱中氢溴酸东莨菪碱的含量

本文用硅胶 G 薄层板,以醋酸乙酯-丙酮-25.0～28.0%氨水(60∶20∶1)为展开剂,分离溴丁东茛菪碱及氢溴酸东莨菪碱;用改良的 Dragendofff 试剂作显色剂,测得氢溴酸东莨菪碱的 R_f 值为0.34、溴丁东莨菪碱在原点不移动;用外标法双波长薄层扫描(测定波长495nm,参比波长750nm)测定氢溴酸东莨菪碱的含量。回收率为100.1%(n=6),变异系数为3.5%。     

不同产地牛膝药材中齐墩果酸的含量测定

目的:采用薄层色谱扫描法测定不同产地牛膝中齐墩果酸的含量。方法:硅胶G薄层板,展开剂:氯仿-乙醚-甲醇-冰醋酸(15∶5∶1∶0.05);显色剂:10%硫酸乙醇溶液喷雾,105℃烘烤约5min,双波长锯齿扫描,检测波长:λS=530nm,参比波长λR=700 nm。结果:齐墩果酸在1.245~7.469μg范围内呈良好线性关系,r=0.9954;平均回收率为97.62%(RSD=1.07%)。结论:用于牛膝中齐墩果酸的成分分析,本法简便、准确、重现性好。     

薄层扫描法测定肾舒冲剂中人参皂甙R_(g1)的含量

目的　测定肾舒冲剂中人参皂甙Rg1的含量。方法　薄层扫描法。色谱条件为硅胶G板 ,展开剂为氯仿 -醋酸乙酯 -甲醇 -水 ( 65∶10∶35∶10 )下层溶液 ,测定波长λs=52 5nm ,参比波长为λR=70 0nm。结果　r =0 9996,线性范围 1～ 5μg精密度 1 95%,含量在 0 5mg以上。 结论　方法灵敏、快速准确 ,可供本品质量控制     

疏肝开胃颗粒质量标准研究

目的:研究制定疏肝开胃颗粒的质量标准。方法:对柴胡进行薄层色谱鉴别,用薄层扫描法测定山楂中熊果酸的含量,色谱条件:硅胶G板,展开剂为环己烷-氯仿-乙酸乙酯-甲酸(20∶5∶8∶0.1),10%硫酸乙醇溶液为显色剂,在105℃加热10min显色,扫描波长λs=520nm,参比波长λR=700nm。结果:薄层色谱鉴别斑点清晰,阴性对照无干扰。熊果酸在0.86～6.88μg范围内具有良好的线性关系,r=0.9997,平均回收率为99.0%,RSD=1.69%。结论:本方法简便可行,专属性强、重复性良好,可以用于疏肝开胃颗粒的质量控制。     

用微晶纤维素薄层测定维生素 U 片的含量

本文用微晶纤维素薄层——双波长薄层扫描法对维生素 U 片进行含量测定,展开剂为正丁醇——丙酮——25～28%氨水——水(40∶40∶8∶25),显色剂是茚三酮。维生素 U 及其分解产物的 R_f 值分别为0.37及0.63。将维生素 U 与其分解产物分离后,以外标法用双波长薄层扫描(测定波长560nm,参比波长750nm)测定其含量。回收率为98.6%(n=7)。     

穿心莲片中穿心莲内酯的薄层扫描

对穿心莲内酯的测定方法为:先在硅胶GF_(254)荧光薄层板上用氯仿-无水乙醇(10:1)为展开剂分离穿心莲内酯及其它成分,再用岛津CS-910型双波长薄层扫描仪在紫外区进行荧光熄灭定量扫描(测定波长240nm,参比波长400nm),然后按公式计算含量。其回收率为96.0％(n=5),变异系数为2.1％。     

薄层扫描测定花粉中维生素B_2、C的含量

花粉中具有多种维生素,如脂溶性维生素A、E及水溶性维生素B_1、B_2及C等。本文对水溶性维生素用硅胶HF_(254)薄层板以氯仿-冰醋酸-乙醇(95%)-水(53∶20∶25∶2)为展开剂进行了分离分析。并在CS-910双波长薄层扫描仪上对维生素C及B_2进行了定量测定,获得良好的线性关系及精度。回收率:维生素C98.15%(CV<1%),维生素B.100.8%(CV<1%)。     

薄层扫描法测定牛黄降压丸及胆南星中猪去氧胆酸的含量

用双波长薄层扫描法测定牛黄降压丸及胆南星中猪去氧胆酸的含量.薄层色谱条件:硅胶G板,氯仿-乙醚-冰醋酸(2:2:1)展开,10%磷钼酸乙醇溶液显色,λ_S=700nm,λ_R=450nm.平均回收率:牛黄降压丸为99.14%,RDS=3.0%,n=5;胆南星为97.52%,RSD=2.9%,n=5.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.