交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干多段骨折

<正>交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折是经典的、技术成熟的手术方法。对骨折愈合环境影响小、固定可靠、应力遮挡小、容易愈合。股骨干多段骨折多由强大暴力所致,骨折段>3段,每段>4～5 cm。应用股骨交锁髓内钉能有效防止骨折的旋转与短缩。2007-06～2010-02,我科应用交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折16例,效果满意,现总结如下。     

交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干多段骨折

交锁髓内钉治疗长骨干多段骨折技术成熟。本院自1997年引进该项技术后，成功治疗多例长骨干骨折，其中治疗股骨十多段骨折9例，效果佳。报告如下。     

带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干多段骨折临床分析

股骨干多段骨折是一种比较严重的创伤，骨折情况较为复杂。笔者自2000年2月～2006年3月使用带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干多段骨折45例。疗效满意。     

磁力导航交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干粉碎骨折

目的对磁力导航交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干粉碎性骨折疗效及手术技巧进行探讨。方法 38例股骨干粉碎性骨折应用闭合复位或者小切口开放复位,磁力导航髓内钉内固定。其中男28例,女10例;年龄1860岁,平均30岁。闭合性骨折31例,开放性骨折7例。结果 38例远端76枚锁钉均一次安装成功,无一例失败,成功率100%。38例患者术后均获随访,随访时间622个月,平均15个月。无一例出现脂肪栓塞、骨不连、骨折畸形愈合、骨髓炎、伸膝装置黏连及膝关节感染、髓内钉异物反应、内固定断裂等并发症,按马元章评定标准进行评定,优28例,良8例,可1例,差1例,优良率94.7%。结论磁力导航交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干粉碎性骨折具有固定牢靠、操作简单、手术时间短及并发症少等优点,是一种良好的治疗方法。     

成人股骨干多段骨折治疗新进展

随着社会的发展,因交通事故或工农业生产意外伤造成的股骨干骨折相当多见,股骨干骨折占全身各部位骨折的10%。由强大暴力所造成的复杂粉碎、多段骨折约占股骨干骨折的3%～7%,并有逐年上升的趋势。     

带锁髓内钉治疗股骨复杂多段粉碎骨折

目的：探讨带锁髓内钉治疗股骨复杂多段粉碎骨折的临床疗效和优点。方法：应用带锁髓内钉治疗股骨复杂骨折21例。结果：随访9-28个月，术后骨折全部愈合，并发症少。患肢关节功能优良。结论：股骨带锁髓内钉是治疗股骨复杂骨折的首选内固定方法。     

交锁髓内钉结合可吸收线治疗股骨干粉碎骨折

~~交锁髓内钉结合可吸收线治疗股骨干粉碎骨折@王君韬$天津医院创伤外科!300211,天津市解放南路406号 @金鸿宾$天津医院创伤外科!300211,天津市解放南路406号 @谈建$天津医院创伤外科!300211,天津市解放南路406号     

交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干粉碎骨折的远期疗效(附1 38例报告)

目的对应用交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干粉碎骨折的临床经验进行总结。方法施行鱼口交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干粉碎骨折138例,其中Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型98例,开放23例。结果随访平均18.4个月,优良率97.8％。迟发感染1例,断、弯髓内钉各1例,断弯螺丝钉6例,均骨性愈合。结论除个别特殊情况外,交锁髓内钉是股骨干粉碎骨折的最佳治疗     

带锁髓内钉加小钢板治疗股骨干多段骨折

自2002年5月至2005年7月,我们应用交锁髓内钉加小钢板治疗股骨干多段骨折15例,疗效满意,现报告如下:     

粉碎性肱骨近端骨折的手术治疗体会

[目的]探讨粉碎性肱骨近端骨折的治疗体会及经验。[方法]对30例（次）粉碎性肱骨近端骨折采用切开复位，T形或三叶形钢板内固定的方法，并分析疗效。[结果]平均骨折愈合时间术后22周。有1例病人出现肱骨头坏死。有1例病人于术后出现伤口感染，经治疗后未影响骨折愈合。肩关节功能：优，11例；良，14例；可，4例；差，1例。优良率86．3％。[结论]对于粉碎型肱骨近端骨折采用切开复位钢板内固定的方法来治疗有良好的效果。术中强调肱骨大结节（岗上肌止点）的修复或重建，和对于腋神经的保护。     

亚洲型股骨髓内钉微创治疗股骨多段粉碎骨折的中期随访研究

目的 :探讨采用亚洲型股骨髓内钉微创治疗股骨干多段粉碎骨折的中期随访疗效。方法 :自2011年6月至2012年10月,采用牵引床下微创复位、亚洲型股骨髓内钉固定治疗16例股骨干多段粉碎骨折患者,其中男10例,女6例;年龄21~49岁,平均34.5岁;受伤至手术时间3~24 d,平均9.1 d。根据AO分型:C1型6例,C2型2例,C3型8例。分别于术后3、6、12个月行股骨全段X线片检查评价骨折愈合情况,并采用Harris髋关节评分和HSS膝关节评分评价术后功能。结果:16例患者均获得随访,时间24~36个月,平均28.4个月。手术时间88~112 min,平均90.7 min;术中出血量150~200 ml,平均188.75 ml;骨折愈合时间5~9个月,平均5.4个月。所有患者伤口甲级愈合,无内固定松动、断裂、骨折移位等并发症发生。术后3、6、12个月髋关节Harris评分比较差异无统计学意义(F=0.07,P=0.8930.05),其中优10例,良5例,可1例。膝关节HSS评分比较差异无统计学意义(F=0.08,P=0.8760.05),其中优9例,良6例,差1例。结论 :亚洲型股骨髓内钉治疗股骨干多段粉碎骨折可借助多种微创方式置入,创伤小,术后恢复快,中期随访效果满意。16例患者的研究样本量较小,远期临床效果仍需进一步观察。     

带锁髓内钉治疗股骨多段骨折

1999年4月~2004年1月,我科对19例股骨多段骨折患者经扩髓带锁髓内钉治疗,取得满意疗效,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组19例,男14例,女5例,年龄19~65岁。均为股骨多段骨折。闭合性骨折10例,开放性骨折9例,开放性骨折按Gustlio分类:Ⅰ型5例,Ⅱ型4例。1.2手术方法硬膜外麻醉或全麻下患者仰卧位,从大转子顶点至髂骨翼水平位作长约8 cm纵形切口,切开皮肤、皮下脂肪、深筋膜,钝性分开外展肌,触及大转子顶点, C臂X线机监视下在大转子顶点偏内后侧梨状窝处用骨锥钻透骨皮质至髓腔,插入导针,在股骨多段骨折远端作一小切口作骨折复位,持骨器…     

骨科损伤控制在严重多发伤合并股骨骨折治疗中的应用

[目的]探讨骨科损伤控制(damage control orthopedics,DCO)技术在严重多发伤合并股骨骨折治疗中的可行性及疗效。[方法]回顾性分析2012年1月~2015年6月诊治的多发伤合并股骨骨折患者,选取损伤严重度评分(injury severity score,ISS)≥16,存活期>24 h的47例患者为研究对象。根据不同时期手术方式不同分为两组,27例应用DCO技术进行治疗作为DCO组,20例应用早期全面处理(early total care,ETC)技术进行治疗作为ETC组。其中,DCO组中7例股骨骨折以外支架作为终极手术治疗,20例一期行外支架治疗,待患者一般情况稳定后二期采用闭合或有限切开复位方法治疗;ETC组中所有病例均采用一期闭合或有限切开复位内固定方法进行治疗。统计所有患者的ISS评分、术中失血量、手术时间、机械通气时间和并发症等指标。[结果]与ETC组相比较,DCO组患者的术中失血量、手术时间、机械通气时间和并发症等指标均明显改善。[结论]将DCO技术应用于严重多发伤合并股骨骨折的治疗,能降低创伤后的二次打击,减少并发症的发生。     

Severely comminuted femoral shaft fractures: treatment by bridging-plate osteosynthesis

We report on 71 severely comminuted femoral shaft fractures that were operated on between 1980 and 1984 at the Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Duisburg-Buchholz. The method of operative stabilization was plate osteosynthesis in two variations: In one group 39 fractures (ten open) were stabilized by plate osteosynthesis after anatomical reduction of the fractured area. The other group comprised 32 fractures (six open) fixed with a bridging-plate osteosynthesis, without preparation of the fracture zone. The rate of postoperative complications was strikingly diminished after bridging-plate osteosynthesis. Fracture healing occurred within 23 (16-32) weeks after bridging-plate osteosynthesis and within 36 (32-40) weeks after anatomical reduction. No special instrumentation or equipment is necessary to perform a bridging-plate osteosynthesis. The patient rests in a supine position. There is no need for intraoperative image-intensifier control. For operative treatment of severely comminuted femoral fractures we consider the technique of bridging-plate osteosynthesis advantageous, especially in multiply injured patients.     

双钢板治疗股骨远端粉碎性骨折

股骨远端粉碎性骨折合并干骺端、髁间骨折,属关节内骨折,多为高能量损伤所致,骨折波及关节面。因而一般内固定（角钢板、解剖钢板）稳定性不确切,需辅以长时间外固定,并发症较多。2003年1月～2007年6月,笔者采用双切口入路双钢板内固定21例,取得良好疗效。     

高能量创伤性桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的治疗

目的 回顾分析闭合复位、单侧外固定器跨腕关节静力性固定治疗高能量创伤性桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的疗效．方法 2000年6月～2003年6月，20例(24处)桡骨远端粉碎性骨折患者，男16例，女4例；年龄15～48岁．平均33．4岁；左侧12例，右侧4例．双侧4例，骨折分型均为FrykmanⅧ型或AO C3型。采用手法或外固定器协助复位．外固定器静力性固定。骨折愈合时间6～8周，平均7．4周。骨折愈合后拆除外固定器，行腕关节屈伸、桡偏、尺偏及前臂旋前、旋后等功能锻炼。结果 加例患者均获得随访．随访时间6～42个月．平均16个月。末次随访时，桡骨远端位置的影像学评估(Stewart改良的Sarmiento评分）：优17例(21处)．良3例(3处)；腕关节功能评分(Gartland-WerIey功能评分)：优13例(16处)．良5例(6处)，可2例(2处)．2例2处出现针道表浅感染，经口服抗生素及局部换药后好转；5例(7处)骨折复位后干骺端出现明显的骨缺损，来经任何处理．骨折愈合时骨缺损消失。无一例出现骨性针道感染、松动、医原性骨折及桡神经浅支损伤等并发症。结论 闭合复位、单侧外固定器跨腕关节静力性固定是治疗高能量创伤性桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的有欢方法，无须植骨，通过选择合适的外固定针置入部位．可以减少并发症的发生．有利于术后早期进行手部功能锻炼．     

Treatment of femoral supracondylar unstable comminuted fractures

Summary A prospective study was done of 66 consecutive unstable comminuted supracondylar femoral fractures in adults, fixed with either plates (28 cases) or Grosse-Kempf interlocking nails (38 cases). Patients were followed up for at least 1 year (average 44 months). Interlocking nails led to a higher union rate and more satisfactory functional results. Nevertheless, the first distal transverse screw hole took a potential risk of breakage due to stress concentration. The authors conclude that for a cooperative patient, a closed static interlocking nail with strict non-weight-bearing should be the treatment of choice, and for an uncooperative patient, a closed static interlocking nail should be supplemented with a cast brace to reduce the complication rate.     

Locked nailing of severely comminuted or segmental humeral fractures

Some comminuted or segmental humeral fractures have been well-treated by functional bracing, but some also have been reported to have a bad outcome. If surgery is required, unlocked nailing has the disadvantage of unstable fixation, and plating has the disadvantage of extensive soft tissue injury. In the current study, closed locked nailing was used to treat 23 Orthopaedic Trauma Association Type C humeral fractures (C1, five; C2, three; C3, 15). The patients were 12 men and 11 women with a mean age of 42.4 years. There were 16 closed fractures and four Type I, two Type II, and one Type IIIA open fractures. Eight fractures were in the proximal third, seven in the middle third, and eight in the distal third. With one nailing, 21 of 23 (91%) fractures achieved solid union in an average of 13.2 weeks. The two nonunions eventually united after another revision nailing and bone grafting. No patients had significant impairment of elbow function. Excellent or satisfactory shoulder function was obtained in 20 patients. Closed locked nailing showed reliable treatment results for severely comminuted or segmental humeral fractures. The keys to success include compression of the fractures, static locking, postoperative external support, and experienced surgical technique.     

Closed unlocked nailing for comminuted femoral fractures

Fifty consecutive comminuted fractures of the femoral shaft were treated by closed unlocked intramedullary nailing. Twelve unstable fractures also had cast-bracing. There were no cases of infection or non-union, and satisfactory results were achieved in 38 fractures (76%). More severe comminution led to a higher incidence of unsatisfactory results, but malrotation deformity was seen more often in less comminuted fractures and appeared to be due to poor operative reduction. Shortening in severe comminution was the main complication and was not controlled by supplementary cast-bracing. Closed unlocked intramedullary nailing is effective for lesser grades of comminution, but fractures with no cortical continuity at reduction should be treated with a locking nail.