Notch信号通路与肿瘤研究

Notch信号是一个在进化过程中高度保守的信号通路,广泛存在于无脊椎动物和脊椎动物的多个物种之中,它是介导细胞和细胞之间直接接触的主要信号通路之一,调控了多细胞机体的细胞凋亡、增殖和分化。Notch信号通路的异常激活或结构性活化与多种组织恶性肿瘤的发病有关,该文对Notch信号通路的组成以及该通路的异常表达与肿瘤研究进展进行综述,重点探讨Notch信号通路紊乱诱导肿瘤形成的机制及其与肿瘤治疗的关系。     

Notch信号通路在糖尿病并发症中的研究进展

Notch是一种广泛存在于脊椎动物和非脊椎动物中高度保守的信号转导通路,它通过介导细胞间的关联而调节细胞生理和病理过程,包括细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡。研究发现,Notch通路的异常与糖尿病及其并发症有密切的关系,该文对Notch信号通路的分子基础及其异常表达与糖尿病之间的关系进行综述,重点探讨Notch信号通路及其关键分子对糖尿病并发症及其机制的影响。     

缺氧诱导因子和Notch信号通路在上皮间质转化(EMT)疾病间的作用机制

缺氧诱导因子(Hypoxia-inducible fact,HIF)为缺氧、炎症、代谢适应和肿瘤进展之间的重要交汇点,同时也参与纤维化的进展过程。Notch信号通路是一个在进化过程中高度保守的信号通路,广泛参与细胞的增殖、分化及凋亡过程,在恶性肿瘤的侵袭与转移等过程中发挥着重要作用。缺氧诱导的上皮间质转化(Epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)需要功能性的Notch信号转导驱动EMT的过程。近年研究表明,细胞缺氧反应并不是单独的反应,而是与信号机制相交,例如Notch信号传导,这是在控制干细胞维持和分化的大多数细胞类型中操作的关键调节信号传导机制。本文讨论了关于Notch信号通路与细胞缺氧反应之间的交集以及Notch信号和缺氧在EMT相关疾病中的作用机制。     

Notch信号通路与肿瘤的发生及其靶向抗肿瘤疗法

综述Notch信号通路的组成、生理作用和转导途径,探讨Notch信号通路紊乱与肿瘤发生的关系及诱导肿瘤形成的机制,并概述Notch信号通路靶向肿瘤疗法的研究,包括对γ-分泌酶抑制剂、Notch受体拮抗剂和Notch-l小分子干扰RNA的研发。Notch信号通路在决定细胞命运中发挥着重要作用,它参与调控许多与肿瘤发生有关的细胞功能和微环境,包括细胞增殖、凋亡、黏附、上皮一间质转化以及血管发生等生物学过程,有望成为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。     

Notch信号通路与中枢神经系统疾病的研究进展

Notch信号通路在神经元和神经胶质细胞正常生长成熟和中枢神经系统疾病的发生发展中有重要地位。小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中重要的神经胶质细胞,不但参与大脑的正常发育,而且与炎症性疾病的发生发展密切相关。直到最近才被公认Notch信号通路是小胶质成熟和活化的重要角色。本文综述了一些Notch信号通路在中枢神经系统疾病中的研究进展。     

神经干细胞增殖分化的JAK/STAT与Notch信号通路串话机制

JAK／STAT通路参与细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡等过程,近年来的研究显示,其在胚胎发育、成年个体脑肿瘤、脑缺血及损伤后脑内神经干细胞增殖过程中发挥重要作用。Notch介导的信号通路广泛存在于所有已知动物细胞中,是调控神经干细胞增殖、分化的经典信号通路。两条通路形成一个整体网络调控着神经干细胞增殖分化,本文综述Notch通路与JAIL／STAT通路在神经干细胞增殖过程中各组分的相互联系,旨在从网络药理学角度为脑缺血后神经保护及调控神经干细胞增殖药物的开发提供基础理论支持。     

Notch信号通路在脑缺血损伤中的作用机制研究进展

Notch受体通过与不同的配体相互作用,调节细胞的增殖、分化、突触可塑性与神经元衰老,在细胞的生长、发育过程中发挥着重要的作用。脑缺血损伤会激活Notch信号通路,活化的Notch信号通路通过调节神经细胞的凋亡、免疫细胞的炎症反应、以及血管生成和神经发生,对缺血后的损伤修复起着重要作用。本文以Notch信号通路为核心,详细探究其在脑缺血损伤中的作用机制,为脑缺血损伤的修复和治疗打下基础。     

Wnt和相关信号通路交互作用在非小细胞肺癌发生发展中的作用

Wnt信号通路和相关信号通路(如EGFR,Notch,Hedgehog等信号通路)在肿瘤发生发展中起着重要的作用。研究证实,Wnt与EGFR及Notch通路的交互在肺癌中起重要作用,Wnt和Hedgehog信号通路交互在宫颈癌中起重要作用。本文主要就Wnt信号通路和EGFR,Notch,Hedgehog信号通路在非小细胞肺癌发生发展中的作用及其相互联系进行综述。     

前列腺癌发生发展相关信号转导通路的研究进展

前列腺癌的发生与发展经历一系列复杂的过程,细胞内信号通路的异常是前列腺癌发生发展的重要机制之一。研究表明Hedgehog 信号通路、Wnt 信号通路、Notch 信号通路和MAPK 信号通路与前列腺癌的发生、浸润、转移等有密切关系。本文就现阶段与前列腺癌发生发展相关的信号转导通路的研究进展作一简要综述,以期为临床早期诊断和防治前列腺癌提供新的靶点和参考。     

Notch信号通路调控Treg/Th17细胞机制的研究进展

摘要： Notch家族是多细胞生物发育过程中一类高度保守的、 十分重要的跨膜信号蛋白, 通过与相邻细胞之间的相互作用, 在细胞增殖、 分化、 凋亡中发挥着关键作用。调节性T细胞 （Treg） 及辅助性T细胞17 （Th17） 是目前发现的一类新型CD4+ T细胞亚群, 在生理状态下, 两者可通过分泌多种细胞因子来调节机体免疫的平衡。近年来, 越来越多的研究发现Notch信号通路通过调控Treg、 Th17细胞参与机体多种疾病的发生。本文就Notch信号通路在血液系统疾病、 自身免疫系统疾病等疾病中对Treg/Th17细胞调控机制的研究进展作一简要综述。     

Targeting Of miR9/NOTCH1 Interaction Reduces Metastatic Behavior in Triple‐negative Breast Cancer

Many reports have indicated deregulation of a variety of microRNAs (miRNAs) in human cancers. In this study, we appraised miR‐9 correlation with NOTCH1 involved in Notch signaling in metastatic breast cancer. The Notch signaling pathway has been approved to be associated with the development and progression of many human cancers, including breast cancer, but the precise mechanism has remained unknown. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that introduces miR‐9 and NOTCH1 correlation as an effective factor in breast cancer. We found that miR‐9 expression was decreased in MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells compared with MCF‐10A normal breast cell line. However, NOTCH1 was upregulated in the metastatic breast cancer cells. Furthermore, luciferase assay revealed a significant inverse correlation between miR‐9 and NOTCH1. Overexpression of Notch signaling via Notch1 intracellular domain in MDA‐MB‐231 cell line was suppressed by lentiviruses expressing miR‐9. Taken together, the results obtained by MTT, flow cytometry, migration, and wound healing assays showed that it is possible to inhibit metastasis and induce pro‐apoptotic state by induction of miR‐9 expression in MDA‐MB‐231 cells but with no effect on cell proliferation. These results shows that miR‐9, by direct targeting of NOTCH1, can reveal a suppressor‐like activity in metastatic breast cancer cells.     

乳腺癌中Wnt信号通路及WIF1基因的研究进展

Wnt信号通路在乳腺癌的发生发展中起重要作用,参与成体细胞的增殖分化和凋亡。β-catenin的异常表达是乳腺癌发生发展过程中的重要因子,这个过程可能是通过激活cyclin D1实现的。E-钙粘蛋白是关系乳腺癌发展与预后的关键因子,WIF1是Wnt通路中的抑癌基因,对肿瘤的发生发展起着重要作用。本文从Wnt通路组成、Wnt通路的抑制剂和调控及其与乳腺癌的关系作一综述。     

Notch signaling: Emerging molecular targets for cancer therapy

The Notch signaling pathway is a highly conserved developmental pathway, which plays a critical role in cell-fate decision, tissue patterning and morphogenesis. There is increasing evidence that this pathway is dysregulated in a variety of malignancies, and can behave as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor depending upon cell context. This review highlights the current evidence for aberration of the Notch signaling pathway in a wide range of tumors from hematological cancers, such as leukemia and lymphoma through to skin, breast, lung, pancreas, colon and brain tumors. It proposes that the Notch signaling pathway may represent novel therapeutic targets and will be a welcome asset to the cancer therapeutic arena.     

Notch signaling: a potential therapeutic target in prostate cancer

The Notch pathway and the endocrine system constitute two key biological signaling mechanisms, responsible for cell-to-cell communication between adjacent cells and long-distance hormonal signals respectively. They play central roles during the development of higher eukaryotic organisms but they also take part in the regulation of many aspects of adult physiology and homeostasis. The contribution of defects in the normal transmission of hormone-dependent signals to the development of endocrine cancers has been widely analyzed and the knowledge derived from these studies has allowed us to develop many successful therapeutic strategies. However, in many cases these hormonal treatments become ineffective despite the fact that cancer cells maintain normal expression levels of wild-type hormone nuclear receptors. Less is known about the involvement of altered Notch signaling in the origin and progression of cancer, although there is clear evidence indicating that deregulation of Notch activity occurs in several types of tumors, including highly prevalent hormone-dependent types of cancer such as breast, ovarian and prostate cancer. This review will summarize accumulating data suggesting that Notch signaling plays a key role in the control of proliferation, differentiation and survival of prostate epithelial cells. Notch signals are required for normal prostate development and homeostasis, and abnormalities in Notch signaling may be critical during the development of prostate cancer. We will also discuss the possible oncogenic role for alterations in the crosstalk mechanisms between Notch and androgen-dependent signals during tumorigenesis in the prostate and how they could influence the outcome of anti-cancer hormonal treatments.     

The Hedgehog pathway as a drug target in cancer therapy

As with other developmentally important signaling pathways such as Wnt, TGF or Notch signaling, the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway has been shown to play an important role in the formation of several tumor types, including pancreas, prostate, skin and brain cancer. As the prognosis for some of these cancers is still poor, the Hh pathway may represent a novel drug target with high therapeutic potential. This review describes the mechanisms of signal transduction of the Hh pathway and the alterations that lead to tumor formation, highlighting the several drug development programs that are aimed at correcting these alterations.     

The Hedgehog signalling pathway as a therapeutic target in early breast cancer development

The Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway is a highly conserved developmental pathway, which plays critical roles in patterning of the embryo through epithelial to mesenchymal signalling and the maintenance of stem cells in the adult organism. There is increasing evidence that this pathway is dysregulated in many malignancies, including breast cancer. While there has been a significant decrease in mortality from breast cancer, a number of treatment challenges remain, particularly in those tumours which develop resistance to endocrine-based therapy, or which lack expression of hormone or c-erbB2/HER2 receptors. Therapeutic manipulation of the Hh pathway as a potential cancer therapy is attracting great interest, with preclinical studies and clinical trials underway in a range of malignancies. This review highlights important recent developments that affect the potential of the Hh pathway as a novel therapeutic target in early breast cancer.