前列腺增生的汽化电切治疗820例

目的 探讨汽化电切术治疗前列腺增生的效果.方法 分析经尿道前列腺汽化电切术治疗良性前列腺增生820例的临床资料.结果 所有患者拔管后排尿良好,术后IPSS由30.4±3.3分降至10.9±1.5分(P＜0.01);VAS评分由5.8±2.6分降到3.5±1.6分;最大尿流率由4.2±1.8ml/s上升至19.7±1.6ml/s(P＜0.01).结论 汽化电切术治疗前列腺增生疗效显著,并发症少,恢复快,对高危前列腺增生患者行不完全汽化电切术也具有良好疗效.     

钬激光+TUVP治疗高龄高危前列腺增生症伴膀胱结石78例

目的：探讨经尿道前列腺汽化电切术(TUVP)+钬激光联合治疗高龄高危前列腺增生症(BPH)伴膀胱结石的疗效和安全性。方法回顾分析78例80岁以上高龄高危BPH伴膀胱结石患者,采用钬激光+TUVP联合治疗的临床资料。结果手术时间30~62min,平均42min,术中出血少,疗效满意,术后国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)及生活质量评分(QOL)较术前明显下降,未出现TURS、大出血等并发症。结论钬激光+TUVP是高龄高危BPH伴膀胱结石的最佳治疗方法,安全性高,制定个体化的手术方案,充分的术前准备及术中、术后严格监护、护理是手术成功的关键。     

经尿道等离子体双极电切术治疗前列腺增生症(附48例报告)

目的探讨经尿道等离子体双极电切术治疗前列腺增生症的安全性和疗效。方法用等离子体双极电切术治疗前列腺增生症48例。结果本组病例，术中出血少，术野清，无水中毒发生，术后全部患者排尿通畅，无尿失禁发生。结论等离子体双极电切术治疗前列腺增生症，具有止血效果好、疗效确切、安全性高、并发症少的优点。     

经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术的临床疗效观察

目的：对经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术在良性前列腺增生症治疗中的应用效果进行分析。方法选取良性前列腺增生症患者90例,随机分为两组,对照组43例行经尿道前列腺电切术,观察组47例行经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术,对比两组治疗效果。结果观察组术中出血量显著少于对照组,术后住院时间显著短于对照组;两组患者术后IPSS评分及QOL评分显著低于手术前,且观察组术后IPSS评分及QOL评分显著低于对照组。结论在良性前列腺增生症治疗中,行经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术治疗时效果显著,安全性高,值得推广。     

经尿道前列腺电切术治疗前列腺增生72例体会

目的通过分析前列腺增生临床常用的治疗方法,总结经尿道前列腺电切术在前列腺增生治疗中的应用价值。方法回顾分析2003年9月～2008年5月72例前列腺增生患者经尿道前列腺电切术的临床疗效,进一步讨论经尿道前列腺电切术在前列腺增生治疗中的应用。结果72例前列腺增生患者中,71例手术效果满意,1例手术进行10min因设备故障改行开放手术。72例患者随访2～15个月,排尿通畅,夜尿症状缓解,国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS）平均7分。结论经尿道前列腺电切术是前列腺增生症安全有效的外科治疗方法,认真术前准备、娴熟电切技巧、细心术后管理是确保手术成功的关键。     

经尿道汽化切割治疗前列腺增生症125例临床分析

目的:探讨经尿道前列腺汽化切割术治疗前列腺增生症(BPH)的临床效果.方法:采用经尿道前列腺汽化切割术结合经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)治疗BPH患者125例.结果:本组125例术后症状改善率达100%,国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、生活质量评分(QOL)、最大尿流率(Qmax)、残余尿等指标手术前后比较均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:经尿道前列腺汽化切割术结合TURP手术是治疗BPH的安全方法,疗效满意.     

PKVP治疗高危前列腺增生患者的疗效观察

目的探讨经尿道双极等离子汽化电切术(PKVP)治疗高危患者前列腺增生症(BPH)的临床效果。方法采用PKVP治疗高危患者BPH112例。结果术后3个月随访,国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、最大尿流率(Qmax)均有显著改善(P<0.01),无严重并发症。结论PKVP是一种安全、有效的治疗高危患者BPH的新方法。     

经尿道前列腺汽化电切术的围手术期处理

目的 总结30例经尿道前列腺汽化电切术(TUVP)围手术期处理的经验,以便提高前列腺增生症(BPH)的治疗效果。方法 30例BPH病人全部行TUVP治疗。结果 全部病人得到随访2～12个月,一月内残余尿消失共29例,Madson评分平均下降15分,最大尿流率增加9.2ml。无死亡及其它严重合并症,术后继发性出血、睾丸附睾炎、尿道口粘连性狭窄和暂时性尿失禁的治疗效果令人满意。结论 围手术期处理,是BPH治疗过程中的重要一环,手术前后应对病人进行全面观察,了解各重要脏器功能状况,进行整体治疗,才能达到预期效果。     

前列腺增生合并腹股沟疝的手术治疗（附64例报告）

目的 探讨前列腺增生合并腹股沟疝手术治疗的安全性和有效性.方法 分析64例前列腺增生合并腹股沟疝患者应用经下腹正中切口疝囊颈部及内环口耻骨后双重结扎+经膀胱前列腺摘取术的临床资料.结果 手术时间120-240min,平均出血量200ml,围手术期无患者死亡.随访6-36个月,排尿功能恢复良好,I-pSS评分由术前平均30.2分下降到术后平均9.1分,QOL评分由术前58分下降到平均2.2分,最大尿流率(Qmax)由术前6.7ml/min上升到平均18.6ml/min,无一例疝复发.结论 对前列腺增生合并腹股沟疝患者应用经下腹部疝囊颈部及内环口(耻骨后)双重结扎+经膀胱前列腺切除术安全有效,加强术前监控与调整,做好术中、术后每一细节处理是保证手术效果及围手术期安全的关键.     

经尿道前列腺气化切割联合电切治疗前列腺增生症

目的：探讨良性前列腺增生症(BPH)的有效治疗方法。方法：采用经尿道前列腺气化切割联合电切术治疗BPH患100例。结果：术中发生1例电切综合征。随访1～3个月，全组病人均恢复排尿通畅，疗效满意。结论：经尿道前列腺气化切割联合电切是治疗BPH的一种并发症少、疗效确切的方法。     

Topical organization of the projections of neurons of the substantia nigra and the ventral field of the tegmentum of the midbrain to the head of the caudate nucleus of the cat

Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology -     

Asymmetry of the internal connections of the striate cortex of the cat in the projection zone of the center of the field of vision

Studies were carried out on the organization of the internal connections of the striate cortex in cats in the projection zone of the center (0–5°) of the field of vision by microintophoretic application of horseradish peroxidase to electrophysiologically identified orientational columns. The area containing neurons showing retrograde labeling in most cases extended in the mediolateral direction. Labeled cells were located in the upper (II, III) and lower (V, VI) layers of the cortex, and the shapes and orientations of the areas containing labeled neurons in these layers coincided. Spatial asymmetry was detected in the distribution of labeled neurons relative to the orientational column studied. Labeled cells were located predominantly medial to the columns, regardless of the distance from the projection of the area centralis. Considering the visuotopical map of field 17, the asymmetry detected here provides evidence that neurons in orientational columns have more extensive connections with neurons of the peripheral part of the cortex. An asymmetrical distribution of “silent” zones around the receptive fields of neurons in orientational columns is suggested, and that these appear to receive influences from the periphery of the visual field. Laboratory of Visual Physiology and Laboratory of Central Nervous System Morphology, I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarov Bank, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia. Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 82, No. 12, pp. 23–29, December, 1996.     

Characteristics of the topographic interrelation of the head of the pancreas and the duodenum and pathology of the organs of the pancreatoduodenal area

Seventy pancreatoduodenal complexes of 55 patients with chronic pancreatitis and tumours of this zone and 15 patients died from other diseases are studies histotopographically . The pieces of the pancreatic head tissue in the medial wall of the duodenum were found in 12 cases of the first group and in 4 control cases. The pancreatic tissue consisted either of all elements of this organ or cystically dilated ducts and seemed to infiltrate different layers of the duodenum wall. Three variants of the pancreatic head structure are suggested on the basis of anatomo-topographical interrelationships of the pancreatic head and duodenum. In 12 out of 14 cases chronic pancreatitis and carcinoma of organs of this zone were combined with the variants of the pancreatic head structure, in 2 cases there was a true heterotopy . Pathogenetic significance of these variants for the development of chronic pancreatitis is discussed.     

Influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitude of the synaptic reactions of the snail under voltage clamping conditions

The influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitudes of summary excitatory postsynaptic currents arising in identified giant parietal neurons in response to rhythmic stimulation of the intestinal nerve was investigated in a preparation of the isolated CNS of the common snail in order to identify the possibility of the participation of the postsynaptic element in synaptic plasticity. It was demonstrated that, at a greater value of the transmembrane potential, the decrease in the amplitudes of the postsynaptic currents which have been induced by rhythmic stimulation takes place more rapidly. It was also demonstrated that at a higher frequency of stimulation of the nerve, the effect of the influence of the membrane potential level on the dynamics of the synaptic reactions is more prominent. The data obtained may be regarded as an argument in favor of the possibility of the participation of the post-synapse in plasticity. This study was partially supported by the Russian Basic Research Fund (project No. 94-04-12209). Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti imeni I. P. Pavlova, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 171–179, January–February, 1995.     

Effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on the behavior of the rat.

The effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on behavior of the rat has been studied. Results may be summarized as follows. An increase in the exploratory behavior in the open field which decreases rapidly; a decrease in the number of defecations in this test and a decrease in time leaving a dark environment for exploration. In the shuttle box test, no facilitation of the acquisition, but a permanent and quite significant increase in the intertrial activity has been found. We conclude that the lesions tend to decrease the emotivity of the subjects. An interpretation on the basis of the species -- specific defensive reactions explains the transitory and permanent effects of the lesions on the spontaneous activity.     

Effect of the conditions of adaptation of the optic analyzer to the function of the thermoreceptors of the human skin

Summary A discussion is presented of the effect produced by light stimulation applied to the optic analyzer alone on the function of the temperature analyzer. The cutaneous-temperature analyzer was kept on constant illumination and temperature. The light effects from the retinal photoreceptors on the cutaneous thermoceptor system led to reflex changes of the functional rate of the latter. Conditions of the optic analyzer of light adaptation caused reflex adjustment of cold receptors as to heating. Dark adaptation of the eyes changed the functional state of the cold receptors, corresponding to their adjustment to low temperatures.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 3–6, March, 1964