妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症孕妇临床特点及妊娠结局分析

目的分析妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)孕妇临床特点及妊娠结局。方法回顾性分析2015-01~2016-01产科收治的135例ICP孕妇(观察组)和同期分娩的135例非ICP孕妇(对照组),比较两组孕妇临床生化指标和羊水污染率、早产率、胎儿窘迫发生率、围产儿病死率、剖宫产率及孕妇产后出血量。结果(1)观察组总胆汁酸(TBA)、总胆红素(TB)、直接胆红素(DB)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)表达水平均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);(2)观察组羊水污染率、早产率、胎儿窘迫发生率、围产儿病死率、剖宫产率及产后出血率均明显高于对照组,且产后出血量明显多于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 ICP患者血清总胆汁酸水平明显升高,且妊娠结局常有明显不良预后,胎儿尤为明显,所以临床上应定时监测其TBA水平,及时予以相应治疗措施,减少或避免胎儿不良预后的发生,改善妊娠结局。     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症孕妇总胆汁酸水平与妊娠不良结局研究

目的分析妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)孕妇总胆汁酸水平与妊娠不良结局的相关性,为改善母婴预后提供参考。方法我院接受救治的140例ICP患者为研究组,根据患者血清总胆汁酸水平将其分为轻度组(129例)与重度组(11例)。选择同期前来我院体检的健康产妇140例为对照组,观察两组患者母婴结局的差异。结果研究组剖宫产,胎儿宫内生长受限,胎儿宫内窘迫,早产,羊水污染及产后出血的发生率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);重度组剖宫产,早产,胎儿宫内生长受限,胎儿宫内窘迫,羊水污染及新生儿窒息的发生率均明显高于轻度组(P0.05)。结论妊娠期ICP是导致不良母婴结局的一项重要原因,TBA可作为早期诊断ICP和预测ICP不良妊娠结局的一项重要指标。     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者不良妊娠结局的危险因素分析

目的 了解妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)患者发生不良妊娠结局的危险因素。方法 纳入2019年6月至2021年12月广东医科大学顺德妇女儿童医院的ICP孕妇365例。根据ICP孕妇是否发生不良妊娠结局进行分组,观察两组临床特征差异,logistic回归分析ICP孕妇发生不良妊娠结局的危险因素。结果 单因素分析结果显示,ICP发病时间、年龄、总胆汁酸、直接胆红素、AST、ALT、双胎妊娠、胚胎移植等与不良妊娠结局有关(t/χ²=29.369、2.342、4.006、2.111、2.622、2.089、27.801、11.795,P<0.05);产妇类型、BMI、妊娠期糖尿病等与不良妊娠结局无关(t/χ²=0.193、0.517、1.321,P>0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=1.087, 95%CI:1.021～1.157,P=0.009)、总胆汁酸(OR=1.031, 95%CI:1.015～1.047,P<0.01)、股骨长度(OR=0.781, 95%CI:0.689～0.886,P<0.001...     

乙型肝炎病毒感染对妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者妊娠结局的影响

目的观察乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染对妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)患者妊娠结局的影响。方法纳入2016年10月至2018年10月于我院收治的149例ICP患者为研究对象,开展回顾性分析。按照是否合并HBV感染,将所有患者分为观察组(ICP合并HBV感染,46例)和对照组(单纯ICP,103例)。对比两组ICP发病时间、分娩时间及肝功能指标甘胆酸、总胆红素、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、直接胆红素水平,分析两组妊娠结局及新生儿情况。结果观察组ICP发病时间、分娩时间显著早于对照组(P0.05),分娩前及分娩1周后甘胆酸、总胆红素、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、直接胆红素均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组早产、妊娠期高血压、产后出血、剖宫产发生率均显著高于对照组(P0.05),低体重儿、新生儿窒息发生率及新生儿体质量、Apgar评分较对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论与单纯ICP比较,ICP合并HBV感染者分娩时间明显提前,肝功能损害较严重,且早产、妊娠期高血压、产后出血、剖宫产发生率增高。     

血清甘胆酸水平与妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者不良妊娠结局的相关性

目的 探讨血清甘胆酸水平与妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)患者不良妊娠结局的相关性,以指导未来ICP患者早期干预,促进良性妊娠结局.方法 选取2017年5月至2020年4月邳州市人民医院的260例ICP患者作为研究对象,统计患者的妊娠结局并据此分为不良妊娠结局组和对照组,检测两组血清甘胆酸水平,分析血清甘胆酸水平对ICP...     

妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症患者胎儿缺氧的影响因素

妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症(intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy,ICP)是一种特发于妊娠期的疾病.ICP孕妇预后尚好,但胎儿宫内窘迫、早产、死胎却是ICP的主要危害[1].     

肝内胆汁淤积症孕妇分娩结局研究

目的 探讨妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症（ICP）对分娩结局的影响。方法 2014年3月~2017年6月在我院妇产科进行产检和分娩的孕妇,首次入院体检时收集孕妇的一般资料,检测血清总胆汁酸（TBA）水平,详细记录分娩结局。结果 纳入符合入选标准的孕妇1569例,发生ICP者146（9.3%）,其中孕中期42例（28.8%）,孕晚期104例（71.2%）,正常孕妇1423名;ICP组早产、胎儿窘迫、羊水粪染、低体质量儿、巨大儿、胎膜早破发生率分别是16.4%、13.0%、23.3%、8.2%、7.5%和25.3%,显著高于正常组的3.9%、5.8%、12.9%、1.8%、4.3%和16.9%（P<0.05）。结论 孕期ICP是发生多种不良分娩结局的危险因素,大大增加了胎儿早产和发生新生儿并发症的风险,做好早期尤其是孕中期ICP诊断,并积极的处理,可能对于改善妊娠结局具有积极的意义。     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症对HBV感染孕妇妊娠不良结局的影响

目的 探讨妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)对HBV感染孕妇不良妊娠结局的影响。方法 回顾性选取2018年3月—2021年3月首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院收治的232例慢性HBV感染孕妇。按照孕期是否存在ICP,分为单纯HBV感染组(n=100)和HBV+ICP组(n=132);根据ICP严重程度将HBV+ICP组进一步分为HBV+轻度ICP组(n=86)和HBV+重度ICP组(n=46)。比较各组妊娠期母体并发症发生率情况,如早产、胎膜早破、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压疾病、产后出血(PPH)发生率情况;以及分别比较各组胎儿/新生儿不良结局情况,如胎死宫内、新生儿窒息、羊水Ⅲ度污染(AFⅢ)、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、小于胎龄儿(SGA)、转入新生儿重症监护病房、肺炎以及HBV母婴传播(MTCT)发生情况。计量资料多组间比较采用单因素方差分析;计数资料组间比较采用χ²检验、连续校正χ²检验或Fisher精确概率法。结果 HBV+ICP组孕妇在孕晚期母体并发症方面,早产、PPH发生率较单纯HBV感染组增加,差异均有统计学意义(χ²...     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症病因及发病机制

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)是以妊娠期发生皮肤瘙痒、黄疸，产后症状迅速消失为特点的妊娠期并发症。因其容易引起胎儿窘迫、早产、死胎、死产，故被列为高危妊娠之一。现对ICP病因和发病机制的研究进展综述如下。     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症的临床分析

目的 探讨妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)妊娠的结局.方法 选取ICP产妇32例为研究组,同期非ICP产妇70例为对照组,将两组妊娠结局进行比较.结果 研究组早产、新生儿窒息的发生率均高于对照组(P＜0.01),胎膜早破、产后岀血发生率及剖宫产率也均高于对照组(P＜0.01).结论 妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症妊娠的结局主要是早产、剖宫产率与新生儿窒息率和围生儿死亡率升高.     

Relationship between pruritus and autotaxin in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

ObjectiveIntrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is a temporary, pregnancy-specific disease that resolves with delivery, characterized by itching (pruritus), as well as high transaminase and serum bile acid levels in the third trimester of pregnancy. Due to the effects of Autotaxin on the physiology of pregnancy, we aimed to investigate Autotaxin activity in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.Patients and methodsSixty-nine patients diagnosed with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and 20 healthy pregnant women were enrolled in the study. Fasting serum bile acid, pruritus intensity, serum parameters, gestational week of the patients at the time of diagnosis were recorded, and birth week and birth weight were monitored. Autotaxin serum level was measured enzymatically.ResultsThe mean serum bile acid level (n = 69; 38.74 ± 35.92 μmol/L) in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (n = 69) was detected to be higher than healthy pregnant women (n = 20; 5.05 ± 1.88 μmol/L) (p < 0.001). Weak correlation was detected between serum bile acid level and itch intensity (p = 0.014, r = 0.295), while no relation was detected between Autotaxin and itch intensity (p = 0.446, r = 0.09). Although mean Autotaxin (intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: 678.10 ± 424.42 pg/mL, control: 535.16 ± 256.47 pg/mL) levels were high in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, it was not statistically significant (p = 0.157).ConclusionIn our study, we observed that the serum Autotaxin level did not make a significant difference in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy compared to healthy pregnant women. These findings suggest that larger clinical studies are required to reveal the physio-pathological effects of Autotaxin on pregnancy.     

中医体质分型与妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症的关系

[目的]结合中医体质学说,探讨妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积（ICP）的孕妇体质类型的分布,以及体质与ICP病情严重程度的关系.[方法]以2011年5月～2013年5月在我院住院的34例ICP的孕产妇为观察组,30例正常孕妇为对照组,进行中医体质和ICP病情评估,整理数据并进行统计分析.[结果]观察组偏颇体质孕妇占73.53％（25/34）,显著高于对照组的43.33％（13/30）,差异有统计学意义（x2=6.025,P＜0.05）.观察组25例偏颇体质患者中以湿热质、痰湿质和血瘀质为最多见类型,分别占26.47％,26.47％和20.59％.其中血瘀质患者ICP病情严重程度明显重于湿热质患者,差异有统计学意义（x2 =6.349,P＜0.05）,也重于痰湿质患者,但差异无统计学意义（x2=3.654,P＞0.05）.[结论]偏颇体质孕妇较平和体质孕妇易发生ICP,尤其是湿热质、痰湿质和血瘀质体质孕妇,而且以血瘀质型孕妇ICP病情更重.     

Familial cholestasis: progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) type 1, 2 and 3 are due to mutations in ATP8B1, ABCB11 and ABCB4, respectively. Each of these genes encodes a hepatocanalicular transporter, which is essential for the proper formation of bile. Mutations in ABCB4 can result in progressive cholestatic disease, while mutations in ATP8B1 and ABCB11 can result both in episodic cholestasis, referred to as benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) type 1 and 2, as well as in progressive cholestatic disease. This suggests a clinical continuum and these diseases are therefore preferably referred to as ATP8B1 deficiency and ABCB11 deficiency. Similarly PFIC type 3 is designated as ABCB4 deficiency. Heterozygous mutations in each of these transporters can also be associated with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. This review summarizes the pathophysiology, clinical features and current as well as future therapeutic options for progressive familial- and benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis as well as intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.     

单绒毛膜双胎选择性胎儿生长受限的临床特征及妊娠结局分析

目的探讨单绒毛膜双胎选择性胎儿生长受限的临床特征及妊娠结局。方法选取产科2012-08~2014-09收治分娩(≥28周)的单绒毛膜双胎妊娠孕(产)妇124例为研究对象,其中22例选择性胎儿生长受限为实验组,发育正常的102例为对照组,对比两组妊娠期并发症、分娩方式及围生儿预后情况。结果实验组妊娠期高血压发生率、围生儿死亡率、入住新生儿重症监护室(NICU)率、新生儿轻度窒息率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论单绒毛膜双胎选择性胎儿生长受限的围生儿死亡率较高,及早发现并加强产前监护,合理干预,能有效改善胎儿及新生儿预后,临床上须引起足够重视。     

Management of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is the most common liver disease during pregnancy, characterized by otherwise unexplained pruritus in late second and third trimester of pregnancy and elevated bile acids and/or transaminases. ICP is associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes for the fetus and the later development of hepatobiliary disease for the mother. Bile acids should be monitored throughout pregnancy since fetal risk is increased at serum bile acids >40 µmol/l. Management of ICP consists of treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid, which reduces pruritus. Early elective delivery is common practice but should be performed on an individualized basis as long as strong evidence supporting this practice is lacking. Mothers should be followed-up for normalization of liver function tests 6–12 weeks after delivery. Future research in large-scale studies is needed to address the impact of ursodeoxycholic acid and early elective delivery on fetal outcome.     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症的临床分析

目的 探讨妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)的病因、临床特点、治疗方法及母婴预后.方法 回顾性分析9例ICP患者临床特点、诊断、治疗及母婴预后情况. 结果 9例患者中,7例患者出现皮肤瘙痒;9例患者胆汁酸升高,1例胆红素升高;3例并发妊娠期高血压,2例分别并发糖尿病、糖耐量异常,1例有先兆子痫;1例羊水胎粪污染;9例患者均行手术分娩,3例早产(35 ～ 36周),母婴预后良好.ICP患者转氨酶、总胆汁酸上升时间多集中在妊娠27 ～ 34周,产后指标开始下降,以总胆汁酸下降速度最为显著,复常时间比转氨酶早. 结论 ICP患者体内胆汁酸升高水平与早产发生率呈正相关,适宜病例可应用熊去氧胆酸治疗,病情较重者应及时引产或行剖腹手术.     

Diagnosis and therapy of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is characterized by the occurrence of pruritus mostly in the third trimenon. Diagnosis is based on the presence of pruritus and elevated levels of serum bile acids in the absence of pruritic skin diseases. There is strong evidence of a genetic predisposition for ICP. Numerous studies have investigated the association of known cholestasis genes such as ABCB4 (also designated MDR3), ABCB11 ( BSEP) and ATP8B1 ( FIC1) with ICP. The results of these studies implicate a heterogeneous etiology of this syndrome. ICP increases the risk of preterm delivery and fetal loss. Furthermore, intense pruritus may necessitate premature induction of labor with its known higher frequency of complications for mother and child. Therefore, ICP pregnancies should be managed as high-risk pregnancies. Pharmaceuticals to alleviate pruritus or improve cholestasis like antihistamines, phenobarbital, anion exchange resins, dexamethasone or S-adenosylmethionine are not widely accepted because of questionable efficacy or side effects. Recent randomized studies have shown beneficial effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on laboratory data and pruritus in patients with ICP. Improved knowledge about the diagnostic classification of different types and pathophysiological mechanisms of ICP may allow for a more targeted treatment of this disease in future.     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症的研究现状

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症（ICP）是一种妊娠特发性疾病,主要表现为全身皮肤瘙痒,可伴有黄疸以及多项生化指标异常。后者可包括肝脏转氨酶升高、总胆汁酸升高、总胆红素升高。ICP孕妇预后良好,至今尚未有ICP引起肝功能衰竭的报道,但对围产儿威胁极大,可导致早产、胎儿生长受限、胎儿窘迫,甚至发生没有任何先兆的死胎和死产。