克拉霉素,甲硝唑和兰索拉唑联合治疗幽门螺杆菌感染的临床疗…

本文报道克拉霉素与甲硝唑及兰索拉唑联合应用治疗ＨＰ阳性的十二指肠溃疡。方法：５９例符合条件的病人随机分成两个治疗组，其中３０例口服克拉霉素２５０ｍｇ，甲硝唑４００ｍｇ，兰索拉唑３０ｍｇ，另一组２９例口服克拉霉素５００ｍｇ，甲硝唑４００ｍｇ，兰索拉唑３０ｍｇ，用法均为每日２次，疗程１周，继而口服兰索拉唑３０ｍｇ，每日１次，共１周。疗程结束后１个月复查胃镜。     

含克拉霉素的短程三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌

为了探讨较为理想的根除幽门螺杆菌的治疗方案，将８８例Ｈｐ感染的十二指肠溃疡和非溃疡性消化不良患者分两期，接受克拉霉素合并的三联治疗。第一期为预初研究，２８例随机成两组接受克拉霉素５００ｍｇ，呋喃唑酮２００ｍｇ合并胶体次枸橼酸铋或兰索拉唑３０ｍｇ每日２次治疗。     

兰索拉唑、羟氨苄青霉素、替硝唑联合根除幽门螺杆菌的疗效观察

目的评价兰索拉唑（达克普隆）、羟氨苄青霉素、替硝唑三联疗法对幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）相关性消化性溃疡的疗效。方法将８７例Ｈｐ阳性的十二指肠和（或）胃溃疡患者随机分为２组：第１组４３例,每次口服兰索拉唑３０ｍｇ、羟氨苄青霉素１０００ｍｇ、替硝唑５００ｍｇ,均每日２次,２周为一疗程;第２组４４例,给药方式同第１组,只是疗程缩短为１周,疗程结束后继续每日口服兰索拉唑３０ｍｇ,持续１周。疗程结束达４周时复查胃镜及Ｈｐ。３５例Ｈｐ根除后６个月行１４Ｃ－尿素呼气试验（ＵＢＴ）。结果第１组有３例因过敏性皮疹而退出观察,４０例用于统计学分析。第１组和第２组的Ｈｐ根除率分别为９００％和８１８％,十二指肠溃疡和胃溃疡的愈合率分别为９２５％和８８６％。６个月的Ｈｐ再感染率为８６％。结论第１组Ｈｐ根除率和溃疡愈合率均略高于第２组,两组相比差异无显著性（Ｐ＞００５）。两组均有较理想的溃疡愈合率和Ｈｐ根除率。     

兰索拉唑三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌的疗效及耐药研究

目的 研究以兰索拉唑为基础的不同治疗方案对幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)根除率的影响并了解湖南地区H.pylori 耐药情况.方法 将76例H.pylori感染患者分成兰索拉唑加克拉霉素、阿莫西林组(LCA组)38例和兰索拉唑加克拉霉素与甲硝唑组(LCM组)38例,治疗1周,治疗前采用快速尿素酶试验(RUT)、14C-尿素呼气试验(14C-UBT)、组织学检查筛选,入选患者进行H.pylori培养及药物敏感性检测.治疗后停用抗生素至少4周行14C-UBT复查.结果 LCA组共有31例完成治疗,26例H.pylori 被根除, 根除率为83.87%;LCM组共有35例完成治疗,21例H.pylori 被根除, 根除率为60.00%.LCA组根除率明显高于LCM组(P＜0.05).阿莫西林、克拉霉素及甲硝唑耐药率分别为0.00%、28.00%和92.00%,对克拉霉素及甲硝唑均耐药率为24.00%;两组药物副作用发生率比较无明显差别(P＞0.05).结论 (1) 兰索拉唑联合克拉霉素、阿莫西林组较联合克拉霉素与甲硝唑组H.pylori根除率高;(2)湖南地区H.pylori对甲硝唑耐药率最高(92.00%),克拉霉素次之(28.00%).尚未发现对阿莫西林耐药的菌株.     

中国幽门螺杆菌耐药状况以及耐药对治疗的影响—— 全国多中心临床研究

随着幽门螺杆菌（H．pylori）根除治疗的广泛开展，H．pylori对抗生素的耐药率逐年上升，并成为含质子泵抑制剂（PPI）三联疗法根除率下降的主要原因。了解我国H．pylori对抗生素的总体耐药情况，对指导我国临床医师开展H．pylori根除治疗有重要参考价值。目前这方面的资料尚少。目的：了解我国H．pylori对抗生素（甲硝唑、克拉霉素和阿莫西林）的耐药情况以及耐药对三联7d疗法根除H．pylori治疗的影响。方法：采用全国多中心随机对照临床研究。共纳入910例因上消化道症状而接受胃镜检查的H．pylori感染者．所有患者随机分为两个治疗组：LCA组，兰索拉唑30mg bid，克拉霉素500mg bid，阿莫西林1000mg bid；LCM组，兰索拉唑30mg bid，克拉霉素500mg bid，甲硝唑400mg bid。疗程均为7d，均行H．pylori培养。H．pylori分离菌株采用E-test法行甲硝唑、克拉霉素和阿莫西林药敏实验，甲硝唑最低抑菌浓度（MIC）≥8mg／L、克拉霉素MIC≥2mg／L、阿莫西林MIC≥1mg／L判断为耐药。结果：910例患者中，LCA组和LCM组的H．pylori按方案（PP）分析根除率分别为82．7％和68．6％（P〈0．001）。340例H．pylori菌株培养阳性。H．pylori对甲硝唑、克拉霉素和阿莫西林的耐药率分别为75．6％、27．6％和2．7％。LCM组对甲硝唑和克拉霉素均敏感和均耐药菌株的PP根除率分别为84．4％和42．1％（P〈0．001）。LCA组对克拉霉素敏感和耐药菌株的PP根除率分别为91．6％和58．1％（P〈0．001）。结论：中国H．pylori菌株对甲硝唑和克拉霉素的耐药率均较高．对阿莫西林的耐药率较低。H．pylori对抗生素耐药是导致根除治疗失败的主要原因。     

奥美拉唑、替硝唑、克拉霉素短程三联疗法根除老年人幽门螺杆菌的疗效观察

目的观察奥美拉唑、替硝唑、克拉霉素短程三联疗法对老年人幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）感染的根除效果及其副反应。方法将８７例伴有Ｈｐ感染的消化性溃疡或糜烂性胃窦炎老年患者随机分为两组，Ａ组４４例，给予奥美拉唑２０ｍｇ、替硝唑５００ｍｇ及克拉霉素２５０ｍｇ，每天２次口服，疗程７天（方案Ａ）；Ｂ组４３例，治疗同Ａ组，只是将克拉霉素改为５００ｍｇ（方案Ｂ）。活动期溃疡病患者继服奥美拉唑２０ｍｇ／ｄ，３周。疗程结束１个月后复查胃镜，检查Ｈｐ。结果Ａ组Ｈｐ根除率９０．９％、活动期溃疡愈合率１００．０％、糜烂性胃窦炎愈合率７９．３％、副反应发生率１３．６％，Ｂ组分别为８８．４％、９３．３％、８０．８％和２３．３％；两组比较差异无显著性。结论两种短程三联疗法对老年人Ｈｐ感染的根除均有良好疗效，而方案Ａ费用较低。     

奥美拉唑,克拉霉素和羟氨苄青霉素根除幽门螺杆菌疗效的观察

为了观察奥美拉唑、克拉霉素和羟氨苄青霉素三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）的效果，将１４１例伴有Ｈｐ阳性的慢性胃炎或十二指肠溃疡患者随机分为３组。第一组４８例，以奥美拉唑２０ｍｇ、克拉霉素５００ｍｇ和羟氨苄青霉素１０００ｍｇ各每天２次治疗１周。第二组４７例，以与上述相同药物及剂量治疗２周。第三组４６例，以胶体铋剂２４０ｍｇ、羟氨苄青霉素１０００ｍｇ和甲硝唑４００ｍｇ各每天２次治疗２周作为对照。疗程结束至少４周后再复查Ｈｐ。用快速尿素酶试验和Ｗａｒｔｈｉｎ－Ｓｔａｒｒｙ银染色法检查Ｈｐ，２项均阳性者定为有Ｈｐ感染，２项均阴性时判断Ｈｐ已被根除。结果显示，第一、二和三组的Ｈｐ根除率依次为８９．６％、９５．７％和７１．７％。前两组的根除率无统计学差异，但均显著高于第三组。第三组患者出现消化不良反应者比前两组明显增多，在前两组中，有２１．１％的病人主诉口内有金属异味，但都能耐受，可以继续服药。这一临床观察的结果表明奥美拉唑、克拉霉素和羟氨苄青霉素联合治疗Ｈｐ感染时，具有效果良好、副作用少的优点     

幽门螺杆菌感染与胃食管反流性疾病的症状复发

作者为评估根除幽门螺杆菌(Ｈｐ)对胃食管反流性疾病(ＧＯＲＤ)病人的影响而进行随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究。方法 选择７０例ＧＯＲＤ病人作为观察对象,分为３组进行评价。所有病人均服用兰索拉唑(Ｌａｎｓｏｐｒａｚｏｌｅ)３０ｍｇ每日２次共１０天,然后服３０ｍｇ每日１次持续８周。在前１０天内,对有Ｈｐ感染的病人加服抗生素(克拉霉素５００     

奥美拉唑,替硝唑,克拉霉素短程三联疗法根除老年人幽门螺…

目的 观察奥美拉唑，替硝唑，克拉霉素短程三联疗法对老年人幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）感染的根除效果及其副反应。方法 将８７例伴有Ｈｐ感染的消化性溃疡或糜烂胃窦炎老年患者随机分为两组，Ａ组为４４例，给予奥美拉唑２０ｍｇ，替硝唑５００ｍｇ及克拉霉素２５０ｍｇ，每天２次口服，疗程７天（方案Ａ），Ｂ组４３例，治疗同Ａ组，只是将克拉霉素改为５００ｍｇ（方案Ｂ），活动期溃疡病患者继服奥拉唑２０ｍｇ／ｄ，３周，疗程结束１     

质子泵抑制剂四联疗法作为幽门螺杆菌根除治疗一线方案的临床研究

背景：随着幽门螺杆菌（H．pylori）对抗生素耐药率的上升，传统一线治疗方案质子泵抑制剂（PPI）三联疗法的根除率逐渐下降。临床上需要新的一线治疗方案以提高H．pylori感染的初治成功率。目的：评价PPI四联1周疗法作为H．pylori根除治疗一线方案的疗效和安全性。方法：符合入选标准的H．pylori感染患者随机分为A1组（LCAB方案：兰索拉唑30mg＋克拉霉素250mg＋阿莫西林1．0g＋枸橼酸铋钾220mg，b．i．d．）、A2组（LCMB方案：兰索拉唑30mg＋克拉霉素250mg＋甲硝唑400mg＋枸橼酸铋钾220mg，b、i．d．）和B1组（LCA方案：兰索拉唑30mg＋克拉霉素500mg＋阿莫西林1、0g，b．i．d．）、B2组（LCM方案：兰索拉唑30mg＋克拉霉素500mg＋甲硝唑400mg，b．i．d、）。各组疗程均为1周。记录治疗期间发生的不良反应。疗程结束4周后以快速尿素酶试验、组织学或^13C-尿素呼气试验判断H．pylori根除情况。结果：共145例患者纳入研究。A组按方案（PP）分析H．pylori根除率显著高于B组（91．9％对79．2％，P〈0．05），意向治疗（ITT）根除率则与B组无显著差异（83．8％对74．0％，P〉0．05）。A1组PP和ITT根除率分别为93．8％和85．7％，A2组分别为90．0％和81．8％；B1组分别为79．4％和75．0％，B2组分别为78．9％和73．2％。A1与A2组比较，B1与B2组比较，差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。各组均未见明显不良反应。结论：PPI四联1周疗法用于H．pylori感染的初治，疗效明显高于PPI三联1周疗法，是一种可供选择的一线治疗方案。     

Quadruple therapy for initial eradication of Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer: comparison with triple therapy.

BACKGROUND: Quadruple therapy appears to be more effective than standard triple therapy in the management of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection who harbor drug-resistant organisms. No data are available on the relative efficacies of triple and quadruple drug regimens from India. METHODS: Consecutive patients with peptic ulcer and H. pylori infection were randomized to receive lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily along with either amoxycillin (500 mg four times daily) and clarithromycin (500 mg twice a day) (Group A), or tri-potassium dicitrato bismuthate (120 mg four times daily), metronidazole (400 mg thrice daily) and tetracycline (500 mg 4 times daily) (Group B) for 10 days. Presence of H. pylori infection was looked for using an in-house urease test and histology before starting treatment, and 30 days after completion of treatment. RESULTS: Twenty-nine of 35 patients in Group A and 24 of 33 in Group B had eradication of infection (82.8% and 72.7% by intention-to-treat analysis, and 87.9% and 85.7% by per protocol analysis, respectively; p = ns). Side-effects occurred in 4 (12%) and 5 (18%) patients in Groups A and B, respectively (p = ns); discontinuation of drugs was required in two patients in group B. CONCLUSIONS: Quadruple therapy for initial treatment of H. pylori infection does not offer any advantage over standard triple therapy in Indian patients.     

Recent success of pantoprazole -or lansoprazole- based clarithromycin plus amoxicillin treatment in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: There are some reports showing that resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to clarithromycin has increased in recent years. We aimed to investigate the current success of a most popular first-line eradication regimen by using two different proton pump inhibitors: lansoprazole and pantoprazole. METHODS: Ninety patients with H. pylori-positive functional dyspepsia were randomized to receive pantoprazole 40 mg b.i.d. or lansoprazole 30 mg b.i.d. in addition to amoxicillin 1,000 mg and clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily for 14 days in a multicenter study. H. pylori infection was determined by histological examination and a rapid urease test. A follow-up endoscopy was performed to assess the H. pylori eradication six weeks after the end of therapy. RESULTS: Seventy-nine patients completed the study protocol properly. The H. pylori eradication rates according to per protocol analysis were 70% in group pantoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin (28/40) and 69.2% in group pantoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin (27/39). The eradication rates according to intention to treat analysis were 62.2% and 60% in lansoprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin, pantoprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin groups, respectively. The eradication rates were similar in both protocols (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The most popular first-line eradication protocols of H. pylori achieved only a moderate success in the current study. Alternative therapy options are needed instead of clarithromycin-based triple treatment for eradication of H. pylori. The choice of proton pump inhibitor is not important in the eradication rate of H. pylori.     

A 10-day levofloxacin-based therapy in patients with resistant Helicobacter pylori infection: a controlled trial.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Antibiotic resistance is a major issue in anti- Helicobacter pylori treatment. This study was aimed at assessing the efficacy of 2 therapies in patients with resistant H pylori infection. METHODS: Patients who had failed 1 or more eradication regimens underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and 2 antral and 2 corpus biopsy specimens were taken for histology and culture. Metronidazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin resistance were determined by E-test. Patients were randomly assigned to 2 therapies: 1 group received pantoprazole 40 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, levofloxacin 250 mg, all twice daily for 10 days, and the other group was treated with omeprazole 20 mg twice daily for the first week and omeprazole 20 mg twice daily, tetracycline 250 mg 4 times daily, metronidazole 500 mg twice daily, and bismuth subcitrate 240 mg twice daily for the second week. Therapeutic success was evaluated by 13C urea breath test after 4 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: We enrolled 44 patients in the levofloxacin-based regimen and 46 patients in the quadruple therapy. The former was successful in 31 of 44 (70%; 95% confidence interval: 53-87) and the latter in 17 of 46 (37%; 95% confidence interval: 23-47) patients, using intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis (P < .001). The rates of H pylori resistance to metronidazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin were 46%, 12%, and 0%, respectively. Resistance to both metronidazole and clarithromycin was found in 10% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Triple therapy containing levofloxacin was better than quadruple therapy. The 70% success rate observed indicates that 10 days of pantoprazole, amoxicillin, and levofloxacin should be considered in patients who had failed 1 or more eradication regimens.     

Prevalence of resistance to clarithromycin and its clinical impact on the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication.

BACKGROUND: Triple therapy with a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) in combination with metronidazole and clarithromycin is the method of choice for eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Failures have been primarily blamed on the development of resistance to clarithromycin. The present study investigated the prevalence and clinical significance of resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole in determining therapeutic success of both triple therapy as a primary eradication method and high-dose dual therapy in non-responders. METHODS: On the basis of prior therapy, H. pylori-positive patients were assigned to one of two groups in the present prospective study. Group A (n = 93) included patients who had not undergone any prior eradication treatment, whereas group B (n = 15) consisted of patients who had received clarithromycin but in whom eradication had been unsuccessful. All patients underwent endoscopy with biopsy for bacterial culture and resistance studies. Patients in group A were treated with a 7-day regimen of pantoprazole (40 mg twice daily), metronidazole (500 mg twice daily), and clarithromycin (250 mg twice daily), whereas those in group B received omeprazole (40 mg three times a day) and amoxycillin (1000 mg three times a day ) for 14 days. Success of the eradication treatment was ascertained by means of the 13C urea breath test. RESULTS: In group A resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole was identified in 3 patients (4.9%) and in 14 patients (22.9%), respectively. Eradication proved successful in 78 of 84 patients (92.6%) followed up. Two of the 3 patients with primary clarithromycin resistance and 1 of the 14 patients with metronidazole resistance did not respond to treatment. In group B isolated or combined resistance to clarithromycin was found in seven patients, whereas another four showed isolated resistance to metronidazole. Eradication proved successful in 10 of 13 controlled patients (76.9%) followed up, and only 2 patients reported severe side effects. CONCLUSION: Determination of antibiotic resistance before initiating therapy is not necessary, since primary resistance to clarithromycin is rare. The Italian triple therapy remains a highly effective primary therapeutic method. Further, routine determination of resistance in non-responders also seems to be superfluous because high-dose dual therapy is an effective and well-tolerated second-line therapy regardless of the patients' resistance status.     

Prevalence of Resistance to Clarithromycin and Its Clinical Impact on the Efficacy of Helicobacter pylori Eradication

Background: Triple therapy with a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) in combination with metronidazole and clarithromycin is the method of choice for eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Failures have been primarily blamed on the development of resistance to clarithromycin. The present study investigated the prevalence and clinical significance of resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole in determining therapeutic success of both triple therapy as a primary eradication method and high-dose dual therapy in non-responders. Methods: On the basis of prior therapy, H. pylori-positive patients were assigned to one of two groups in the present prospective study. Group A (n = 93) included patients who had not undergone any prior eradication treatment, whereas group B (n = 15) consisted of patients who had received clarithromycin but in whom eradication had been unsuccessful. All patients underwent endoscopy with biopsy for bacterial culture and resistance studies. Patients in group A were treated with a 7-day regimen of pantoprazole (40 mg twice daily), metronidazole (500 mg twice daily), and clarithromycin (250 mg twice daily), whereas those in group B received omeprazole (40 mg three times a day) and amoxycillin (1000 mg three times a day ) for 14 days. Success of the eradication treatment was ascertained by means of the 13C urea breath test. Results: In group A resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole was identified in 3 patients (4.9%) and in 14 patients (22.9%), respectively. Eradication proved successful in 78 of 84 patients (92.6%) followed up. Two of the 3 patients with primary clarithromycin resistance and 1 of the 14 patients with metronidazole resistance did not respond to treatment. In group B isolated or combined resistance to clarithromycin was found in seven patients, whereas another four showed isolated resistance to metronidazole. Eradication proved successful in 10 of 13 controlled patients (76.9%) followed up, and only 2 patients reported severe side effects. Conclusion: Determination of antibiotic resistance before initiating therapy is not necessary, since primary resistance to clarithromycin is rare. The Italian triple therapy remains a highly effective primary therapeutic method. Further, routine determination of resistance in non-responders also seems to be superfluous because high-dose dual therapy is an effective and well-tolerated second-line therapy regardless of the patients' resistance status.     

细胞色素P450 2C19基因多态性对以质子泵抑制剂为基础的三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌疗效的影响

目的 研究以质子泵抑制剂(PPI)、左氧氟沙星、羟氨苄青霉素作为一线疗法对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)根除的影响,以及Hp根除率与CYP2C19基因多态性的相关性.方法 205例Hp阳性的患者被分为4组:埃索美拉唑20 mg 2次/d(E_(20)组),埃索美拉唑40 mg 2次/d(E_(40)组),雷贝拉唑10 mg 2次/d(R组),兰索拉唑30 mg 2次/d(L组),4组均加左氧氟沙星500 mg 1次/d和羟氨苄青霉素1000 mg 2次/d,疗程1周.其中有161例患者进行了CYP2C19基因型的检测,对Hp根除率分别按意愿治疗(intention-to-treat,ITT)分析和按方案(per protocol,PP)分析进行评估.结果 Hp总根除率为83.4%(PP)和79.0%(ITT).各组的根除率为:E_(20)组86.7%,E_(40)组88.5%,R组73.5%,L组78.1%.其中完成基因型检测的161例患者中,各基因型的根除率分别为:纯合子弱代谢型(PM)90%,杂合子强代谢型(HetEM)81.5%,纯合子强代谢型(HomEM)82.1%.CYP2C19各基因型间Hp根除率、各治疗方案间的根除率及各方案内各基因型间的根除率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 以PPI为基础包含左氧氟沙星的三联疗法是目前根除Hp的有效方案,且该方案对Hp的根除率不受CYP2C19基因多态性的影响.     

One-week once-daily triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori--a pilot study

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Proton-pump inhibitor-based triple therapy given over one to two weeks is currently one of the recommended regimens for eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Most of these regimens require twice daily intake of medication. The present study explored the possibility of using a one-week once-daily triple therapy in the eradication of H. pylori. METHODOLOGY: Thirty-two consecutive patients with acid-peptic disease associated with H. pylori infection (duodenal ulcer 18 patients; gastric ulcer 8 patients; duodenitis 1 patient; gastritis 5 patients) were prospectively recruited. They were given a 1-week course of lansoprazole 30 mg, clarithromycin modified-release 500 mg, and metronidazole 800 mg, all taken once daily. RESULTS: The age of these 32 patients ranged from 17-89 years with a mean of 57.5 years. Side effects occurred in 5 patients (15.6%; 95% CI: 5.3-32.8%). All patients finished the treatment and underwent a second endoscopy. Positive endoscopic finding was found in one patient (3.1%; 95% CI: 0.07-16.2%). On intent-to-treat and per protocol analysis, the eradication rate was 87.5% (95% CI: 71.0-96.5%). CONCLUSIONS: A one-week once-daily course of lansoprazole, clarithromycin modified release and metronidazole is a safe, well-tolerated, easy to comply with, and efficacious treatment for H. pylori infection. In view of the small sample size, further studies should be performed to validate its effectiveness.     

The influence of pretreatment on cure rates of Helicobacter pylori eradication

BACKGROUND: Many patients treated for H. pylori infection have been taking a proton pump inhibitor beforehand. There is conflicting evidence whether pretreatment influences the efficacy of H. pylori eradication. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of pretreatment on cure rates of H. pylori eradication. METHODS: Patients with H. pylori positive peptic ulcer disease or functional dyspepsia were treated with two-day quadruple therapy (lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily, and colloidal bismuth subcitrate 120 mg, tetracycline 250 mg and metronidazole 250 mg, all eight times a day). Patients were randomised to receive either three-day pretreatment with lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily or no pretreatment. H. pylori was diagnosed using CLO, histology and culture. RESULTS: Twenty-five (66%) of 38 patients with pretreatment and 32 (84%) of 38 patients without pretreatment were cured (p=0.06). After adjustment for diagnosis, smoking status and metronidazole resistance the influence of pretreatment became slightly less pronounced (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.1-1.7). Nonsmokers and patients with peptic ulcer disease were more likely to achieve H. pylori eradication than smokers and patients with functional dyspepsia, respectively (adjusted odds ratios: 4.79 (1.2-19) and 4.32 (1.0-18)). CONCLUSIONS: This two-day quadruple therapy reached an overall cure rate of 75%. Nonsmokers and patients with peptic ulcer disease were more likely to achieve H. pylori eradication. Three-day pretreatment with a proton pump inhibitor may decrease cure rates of this two-day quadruple therapy.     

Dual versus triple therapy in eradication of Helicobacter pylori

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Duodenal ulcers should be treated by eradication of Helicobacter pylori. This study compared the efficacy of a proton pump inhibitor together with one or two antibiotics in eradication therapy. METHODOLOGY: 177 patients who were H. pylori positive were randomized to receive 14 days of either: lansoprazole 30 mg bd and amoxicillin 1 g bd (LA), omeprazole 20 mg bd and amoxicillin 1 g bd (OA) or lansoprazole 30 mg bd, amoxicillin 1 g bd and clarithromycin 500 mg bd (LAC). The efficacy was assessed at four weeks and at six months after the end of treatment. Biopsies were taken for culture and bacterial sensitivity testing at inclusion and at four weeks after the end of treatment. RESULTS: 149 patients were evaluated for efficacy. The eradication rate was significantly higher in LAC (96%) compared to LA (51%) and OA (64%) treatments (P < 0.001). At baseline 17%, 21% and 19% of the patients in the LA, OA and LAC groups, respectively, were resistant to metronidazole and only one patient was resistant to clarithromycin. Post-treatment, four patients had acquired metronidazole resistance. CONCLUSIONS: LAC is more effective than LA and OA for eradication of H. pylori in duodenal ulcer disease.     

Impact of clarithromycin resistance and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism on treatment efficacy of Helicobacter pylori infection with lansoprazole- or rabeprazole-based triple therapy in Japan

OBJECTIVE: Helicobacter pylori treatment failure is thought to be due mainly to polymorphic cytochrome P450 2C19 (CPY2C19) genetic polymorphism, associated with proton pump inhibitor metabolism, and antimicrobial susceptibility. This report has ascertained which was more important, CPY2C19 polymorphism or antimicrobial susceptibility, when using 1-week lansoprazole-based or rabeprazole-based triple therapy in Japan. DESIGN: An open, randomized, parallel group study. SETTING: One hundred and forty-five subjects with H. pylori-positive gastritis or peptic ulcers were randomly assigned to receive 30 mg lansoprazole twice daily (LAC group), 10 mg rabeprazole twice daily (RAC20 group), or 20 mg rabeprazole twice daily (RAC40 group), with 1000 mg amoxicillin twice daily and 400 mg clarithromycin twice daily for 1 week. Antimicrobial resistance testing was performed by E-test. More than 4 weeks after completion of treatment, H. pylori status was assessed by 13C-urea breath test, histology, and culture. RESULTS: Cure rates expressed as intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses, respectively, were 79.6 and 83.0% with LAC, 85.4 and 89.1% with RAC20, and 83.3 and 88.9% with RAC40. In the case of clarithromycin-sensitive strains, the cure rates were more than 97%, regardless of CPY2C19 polymorphism. However, treatment succeeded in only one out of 16 clarithromycin-resistant strains. CONCLUSIONS: The key to successful eradication of H. pylori, using lansoprazole or rabeprazole with clarithromycin and amoxicillin, is clarithromycin susceptibility, not CPY2C19 polymorphism.