人脐带源间充质干细胞静脉移植治疗大鼠肝纤维化

背景：近来国内外研究证明,来自其他组织的干细胞能够归巢到肝脏,并可能参与肝组织的再生,这为发展干细胞治疗肝脏疾病提供了新的希望。 目的：探究人脐带源间充质干细胞的分离、培养方法,观察脐带间充质干细胞移植对大鼠肝纤维化模型的修复作用,为脐带间充质干细胞的临床应用提供可靠的理论依据。 方法：自然贴壁法分离、纯化人脐带间充质干细胞并进行体外培养和扩增,用皮下多点注射CCl₄制备肝纤维化大鼠模型。将22只模型大鼠随机分为模型损伤组(n=11)和细胞移植组(n=11)。细胞移植组在模型制备成功后的第1,2,3周经尾静脉给予1×10⁶脐带间充质干细胞治疗,4周后将大鼠处死,收集各组大鼠血液检测肝功能;摘取肝脏行苏木精-伊红染色,观察病理变化;免疫组化法观察库普弗细胞的数量及分布;免疫组化法观察治疗组脐带间充质干细胞的定位情况。 结果与结论：脐带间充质干细胞经尾静脉移植入肝硬化大鼠后,大鼠的肝功能均明显改善,与对照组比较,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);肝组织苏木精-伊红染色提示,肝纤维化程度明显改善;免疫组化法观察库普弗细胞的数量提示,库普弗细胞数量明显减少;免疫组化方法利用抗BrdU抗体在治疗组大鼠肝脏观察到BrdU标记的脐带间充质干细胞。说明脐带间充质干细胞移植可以改善大鼠外周血液的血生化特性和肝的组织学结构。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

骨髓间质干细胞降低大鼠移植物抗宿主反应的实验研究

目的 探讨MSCs对GVHD的作用及其机制.方法 建立大鼠同种异体骨髓移植模型,同时输入供者的T淋巴细胞诱导出移植物抗宿主反应,联合或不联合移植供体来源的MSCs,观察受鼠的生存时间,同时利用RT-PCR法研究Th1/Th2淋巴细胞亚群的比例,用ELISA法检测移植后体内IL-4细胞因子的浓度.结果 GVHD组的平均生存时间为(17.30±2.33)天,实验组的平均生存时间为(24.10±2.36)天 , 与单独移植HSCs相比,MSCs与HSCs共移植明显延长的受鼠的生存时间.同时,GVHD组Th1/Th 2 细胞比值为1.29±0.06,IL-4因子的浓度平均为(14.84±2.59) pg/mL,实验组Th1/Th 2细胞比值为(0.77±0.14),IL-4因子的浓度平均为(40.09±13.99) pg/mL.MSCs与 HSCs 共移植降低了体内Th1/Th2淋巴细胞亚群的比例,提高了体内IL-4细胞因子的浓度.结论 MSCs与HSCs共移植能有效抑制HSCs移植后致死性GVHD的发生,延长生存时间,同时MSCs 可能通过作用于体内Th1/Th2淋巴细胞亚群的比例,促进体内IL-4细胞因子的分泌从而间接发挥了抑制GVHD的作用.     

The effect of bone marrow‐ and adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on myocardial remodelling in the rat model of ischaemic heart failure

This study aimed to investigate the effect of bone marrow‐ and adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM‐MSC and AD‐MSC respectively) transplantation on left ventricular function and infarct area (IA) in the rat model of ischaemic heart failure. In anaesthetized Wistar rats, the left coronary artery (LCA) was occluded for 40 min with subsequent reperfusion for 7 days. Seven days following surgery, the animals with LCA occlusion/reperfusion were randomized into three groups: (i) Controls received intramyocardial injection of vehicle at three different locations within the peri‐infarct zone, (ii) BM‐MSC: cells were injected in the same way as in previous group (10⁶), (iii) AD‐MSC: using the same protocol as used in the BM‐MSC group. In addition there was also a sham‐treated group that had no injection. Two weeks following MSC transplantation, the hearts were isolated and perfused according to the Langendorff method followed by 30‐min global ischaemia and 90‐min reperfusion. After this IA was determined histologically. During Langendorff perfusion initial and postischaemic LV functions were the same in all groups although LV pressure at the 10th minute of reperfusion was higher in the AD‐MSC group compared to controls. However, LV pressure during 30‐min global ischaemia was significantly higher in BM‐MSC as compared to controls and AD‐MSC. The sham treated animals showed the same results as those seen with BM‐MSC. Thus, BM‐MSC transplantation, in contrast to transplantation of AD‐MSC, resulted in better preservation of the LV ability to contract during ischaemia. Furthermore, IA was significantly smaller in BM‐MSC group as compared to the controls and the AD‐MSC groups. Thus this study has demonstrated that treatment with BM‐MSC both ameliorates LV function and reduces histological scar size.     

人骨髓间充质干细胞体外诱导分化成心肌细胞及其在心肌细胞移植术中的潜能性研究

目的培养人骨髓间充质干细胞（human marrow mesenchymal stem cell，hMMSCs），体外诱导分化成心肌细胞（cardiomyocytes，CM），将细胞移植入裸鼠皮下，观察其在细胞移植中有无成瘤改变，是否具有细胞移植的潜能性。方法体外培养扩增hMMSCs，流式细胞仪鉴定其纯度；用5-氮杂胞苷（5-Aza，10μmol／L）体外诱导成CM，并进行鉴定；将诱导成CM的hMMSCs接种于裸鼠皮下，移植后18d分别取接种局部皮下及心肌组织，进行组织化学染色。结果体外培养扩增出hMMSCs，流式细胞检查CD44阳性，表达Vimentin；hMMSCs经5-Aza诱导可分化成CM，表达心肌特异性标记TroponinⅠ及Desmin，透镜观察可见肌丝样结构；进行细胞移植的裸鼠注射局部皮下组织没有形成结节样结构，但发现有表达TroponinⅠ、Desmin及Vimentin的细胞；此外，在心肌组织中也发现有表达这三种抗体的hMMSCs。结论hMMSCs可体外分离培养扩增，具有向CM分化的潜能，体外诱导分化成CM的hMMSCs在细胞移植中并没有成瘤性，且经皮下细胞移植诱导分化成CM的hMMSCs具有向心脏归巢的现象，可用于心肌损伤的细胞移植。     

Prevention of acute liver allograft rejection by IL‐10‐engineered mesenchymal stem cells

Hepatic allograft rejection remains a challenging problem, with acute rejection episode as the major barrier for long‐term survival in liver transplant recipients. To explore a strategy to prevent allograft rejection, we hypothesized that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) genetically engineered with interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) could produce beneficial effects on orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in the experimental rat model. Syngeneic MSCs transduced with IL‐10 were delivered via the right jugular vein 30 min post‐orthotopic transplantation in the rat model. To evaluate liver morphology and measure cytokine concentration, the blood and liver samples from each animal group were collected at different time‐points (3, 5 and 7 days) post‐transplantation. The mean survival time of the rats treated with MSCs–IL‐10 was shown to be much longer than those treated with saline. According to Banff scheme grading, the saline group scores increased significantly compared with those in the MSCs–IL‐10 group. Retinoid acid receptor‐related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) expression was more increased in the saline group compared to those in the MSCs–IL‐10 group in a time‐dependent manner; forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) expression also decreased significantly in the saline group compared with those in the MSCs–IL‐10 group in a time‐dependent manner. The expression of cytokines [IL‐17, IL‐23, IL‐6, interferon (IFN)‐γ and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α] in the saline groups increased significantly compared with the time‐point‐matched MSCs–IL‐10 group, whereas cytokine expression of (IL‐10, TGF‐β1) was deceased markedly compared to that in the MSCs–IL‐10 group. These results suggest a potential role for IL‐10‐engineered MSC therapy to overcome clinical liver transplantation rejection.     

In vitro and in vivo differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in the cardiomyocyte direction

The possibility of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation in the cardiomyocyte direction was studied on Wistar-Kyoto rats with myocardial infarction induced by ligation of the left coronary artery. In vitro treatment of mesenchymal stem cells with 5-azacitidine led to spontaneous contractions of about 15% cells in culture. Analysis of the expression of matrix RNA showed expression of fetal and functional markers of the myocardium in this cell culture. In vivo on day 21 after myocardial infarction and intravenous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells into the periinfarction area, myocardial cells carrying donor label were detected. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that these cells were cardiomyocytes integrated into the myocardium. These cells can be a result of differentiation of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells or fusion of endogenous cardiomyocytes with exogenous mesenchymal stem cells. __________ Translated from Kletochnye Tekhnologii v Biologii i Medicine, No. 4, pp. 194–197, December, 2006     

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells decrease acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation

Graft-versus-host disease is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation, leading to serious morbidity and mortality. Mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)from bone marrow cause immunoregulation in vitro and in vivo. They also have the potential to protect from lethal GVHD after both autologous and allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation (HSCT). In this study, we investigated the mechanisms responsible for GVHD in the allo-HSCT co-transplantation with MSC condition. The model of acute GVHD in Rats was established using allogeneic HSC with donor-derived T cells transplantation, with or without additional donor-derived MSC co-transplantation. The degrees of GVHD were compared, the differentiation of CD4⁺, CD8⁺, Th1/Th2 and CD4⁺CD25⁺ T cells in vivo were assessed by flow cytometry and RT-PCR analyses. We found that MSC inhibited lethal GVHD after allo-HSCT. The value of CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T cells and the ratio of Th1/Th2 T cell subsets decreased, at the same time the proportion of CD4⁺CD25⁺ T cells increased both in spleen lymphocytes and thymocytes in vivo after allo-HSCT with MSC co-transplantation compared with conventional allo-HSCT. Our results strongly suggested that BM-derived MSC has the function of preventing lethal GVHD after allo-HSCT by means of homeostasis of T subsets in vivo.     

成骨诱导因子Nell-1及Noggin短发卡RNA联合转染脂肪间充质干细胞的促成骨分化能力

背景:Nell-1在诱导成骨分化和新骨形成中的作用已有报道,但试图通过双基因联合转染起协同成骨作用的研究很少。目的:体外环境下抑制细胞中Noggin基因的同时上调Nell-1基因,观察其对脂肪间充质干细胞成骨分化能力的影响。方法:取健康成年大鼠脂肪组织获取脂肪间充质干细胞。将细胞分为3组,对照组转染空载体病毒Lv-EGFP(增强型绿色荧光蛋白),Nell-1组单纯转染Lv-Nell-1,Nell-1+Noggin shRNA组同时转染Lv-Nell-1和Lv-Noggin shRNA。转染后3,7,14 d,应用实时荧光定量PCR检测Nell-1及成骨相关标志物(Col-Ⅰ、ALP、OCN)的表达,转染后14 d行茜素红染色。结果与结论:①转染后3 d,对照组Nell-1 mRNA相对表达量与Nell-1组比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。与Nell-1+Noggin shRNA组比较,对照组和Nell-1组Nell-1 mRNA表达量偏低,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。转染后7,14 d,Nell-1+Noggin shRNA组Nell-1 mRNA相对表达量仍高于对照组和Nell-1组,且Nell-1组高于对照组,两两比较差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05);②转染后3,7,14 d,Nell-1+Noggin shRNA组各成骨基因mRNA相对表达量均显著高于对照组和Nell-1组,且Nell-1组高于对照组,组间比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);③转染后14 d,Nell-1+Noggin shRNA组呈现较多细胞聚集形成的结节,Nell-1组钙结节数量少于Nell-1+Noggin shRNA组,对照组未见明显被染色的钙结节;④实验结果表明,Nell-1基因可以促进大鼠脂肪间充质干细胞成骨分化,而干扰Noggin基因会上调Nell-1基因的表达,形成显著的协同成骨分化作用。     

体外诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向神经元样细胞分化：两种方法的比较

背景：目前骨髓间充质干细胞诱导分化为神经细胞的方法较多,而采用不同诱导方法时间充质干细胞在体外分化成神经细胞的比例是不一样的。适宜的诱导条件是实现间充质干细胞定向诱导分化的必要条件。 目的：比较两种常见的化学诱导法与共培养法诱导大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞向神经细胞分化的差异,以寻找一种诱导效果高、实用的骨髓间充质干细胞体外诱导方法。 方法：采用密度梯度法分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,分别用化学诱导法和共培养法诱导分化比较两种方法所获得的神经细胞数目、细胞形态和特异性抗体阳性率。 结果与结论：培养7 d后两组均可见大量贴壁细胞形成突起,呈放射状生长,神经元特异性烯醇化酶染色均为阳性。共培养法第5天可见典型神经细胞结构,突起数量较多,神经元特异性烯醇化酶染色阳性率(50.82±2.46)%,化学诱导法培养第7天可见神经样细胞形成,并有突起,神经元特异性烯醇化酶染色阳性率(43.56±1.74)%。说明骨髓间充质干细胞经共培养法诱导分化后的神经样突起数量多并较早互相形成连接,且共培养法神经元特异性烯醇化酶染色阳性率高于化学诱导法。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

体外诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向胆管上皮样细胞分化

背景：肝外胆管和胆囊上皮细胞的分离、纯化相对比较容易,但是胆管上皮细胞在体外易失去增殖能力,难以提供基础研究所需的细胞量,限制了胆管修复等基础研究的进程。虽然骨髓间充质干细胞可以转化为肝细胞,但是尚无体外培养骨髓间充质干细胞分化为胆管上皮细胞的报道。 目的：探讨体外诱导骨髓间充质干细胞分化为胆管上皮细胞的可行性。 方法：采取全骨髓贴壁筛选法体外分离并纯化大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞后,在第3代骨髓间充质干细胞培养基中加入肝细胞生长因子和表皮生长因子,倒置显微镜下观察骨髓间充质干细胞的形态学变化,免疫荧光检测不同时间CK19的表达情况。 结果与结论：在肝细胞生长因子和表皮生长因子的诱导下,骨髓间充质干细胞由梭形逐渐变为多边形、三角形;免疫荧光检查显示诱导第4周细胞膜开始表达CK19,诱导第6周CK19表达率明显提高。结果表明在两种细胞因子联合诱导下骨髓间充质干细胞能够转化为胆管上皮样细胞,从而为骨髓间充质干细胞修复损伤胆管提供了一个新思路。     

脂肪间充质干细胞CD73亚群心肌分化能力评价

目的探讨CD73+和CD73-脂肪间充质干细胞(ADMSCs)两个亚群向心肌分化能力的差异,筛选出心肌分化优势亚群,为进一步开展细胞治疗心肌疾患提供实验参考。方法流式细胞仪分选CD73+/CD73-ADMSCs亚群,HE染色观测其形态。体外5-氮杂胞甙(5-aza)诱导CD73+/CD73-亚群,免疫荧光法检测心肌特异性肌钙蛋白T(c Tn T),Real-time PCR检测c Tn T、Gata-4变化;4’6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚(DAPI)标记两个亚群后,移植到大鼠心肌内,免疫荧光法检测移植细胞c Tn T表达。结果 CD73+ADMSCs形态以小细胞为主呈细长形或纺锤状,CD73-细胞以宽大扁平或方形等为主。体外成心肌诱导后,CD73+ADMSCs心肌特异性c Tn T表达率为45.5%、CD73-亚群为5.75%,基因水平上CD73+亚群表达c Tn T、Gata-4明显高于阴性亚群(P0.01)。体内CD73+亚群较阴性亚群高表达c Tn T。结论 CD73+ADMSCs较CD73-ADMSCs具有更高向心肌分化的潜能,CD73+ADMSCs可能更具有心肌治疗的前景。     

明胶微冰胶支架有利于脂肪来源间充质干细胞体外干性维持并提高其体内应用价值

目的研究人脂肪来源间充质干细胞(ADSCs)与明胶微冰胶材料体外联合培养时,材料是否能维持间充质干细胞的生物学特性。方法 ADSCs种植于明胶微冰胶材料后进行Calcein-AM和PI活细胞染色检测细胞活力,细胞滴度蓝法检测细胞增殖能力,定量PCR检测干性基因OCT4、Nanog、SOX2表达情况,以及在成脂成骨诱导过程比较ADSCs在二维环境和种植于明胶微冰胶材料后的分化潜能。结果 ADSCs在三维明胶微冰胶支架材料中能保持较高活性,增殖能力不受影响,干性基因表达上调,成脂成骨分化相关基因表达水平比二维诱导环境低。结论明胶微冰胶可以为ADSCs提供一个较二维培养更好的微环境,有利于ADSCs体外干性维持,从而在干细胞移植法治疗相关疾病时以非侵入性的细胞传递方式发挥更长期的应用价值。     

肝细胞生长因子诱导骨髓间质干细胞分化为心肌细胞

目的:探讨肝细胞生长因子(HGF)体外诱导骨髓间质干细胞(MSC)定向分化心肌细胞的一种新方法。方法: 分离SD大鼠骨髓MSC,培养至4-6代后,添加HGF(终浓度10 μg/L)持续培养30 d,倒置显微镜下动态观察分化细胞的自律性搏动和对0.1%异丙肾上腺素和无Ca²⁺孵育液的反应,并行心肌肌凝蛋白表达鉴定。结果: 分化第14-20 d骨髓间质干细胞增殖形成集落,10%-50%克隆中开始出现持续节律收缩的细胞群体,节律频率为70-90次/min,异丙肾上腺素加快其搏动速率,无Ca²⁺孵育液则抑制之。细胞心肌肌凝蛋白表达鉴定为心肌细胞。结论: HGF可诱导骨髓间质干细胞分化为心肌细胞,且有较高的诱导效率。     

Cerebral transplantation of encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells improves cellular pathology after experimental traumatic brain injury

Purpose: “Naked” human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are neuro-protective in experimental brain injury (TBI). In a controlled cortical impact (CCI) rat model, we investigated whether encapsulated MSC (eMSC) act similarly, and whether efficacy is augmented using cells transfected to produce the neuro-protective substance glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Methods: Thirty two Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized to five groups: controls (no CCI), CCI-only, CCI + eMSC, CCI + GLP-1 eMSC, and CCI + empty capsules. On day 14, cisternal cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) was sampled for measurement of GLP-1 concentration. Brains were immuno-histochemically assessed using specific antibody staining for NeuN, MAP-2 and GFAP. In another nine healthy rats, in vitroResults: GLP-1 production rates were measured from cells explanted after 2, 7 and 14 days. GLP-1 production rate in transfected cells, before implantation, was 7.03 fmol/capsule/h. Cells were still secreting GLP-1 at a rate of 3.68 ± 0.49, 2.85 ± 0.45 and 3.53 ± 0.55 after 2, 7 and 14 days, respectively. In both of the stem cell treated CCI groups, hippocampal cell loss was reduced, along with an attenuation of cortical neuronal and glial abnormalities, as measured by MAP-2 and GFAP expression. The effects were more pronounced in animals treated with GLP-1 secreting eMSC. This group displayed an increased CSF level of GLP-1 (17.3 ± 3.4 pM). Conclusions: Hippocampal neuronal cell loss, and cortical glial and neuronal cyto-skeletal abnormalities, after CCI are reduced following transplantation of encapsulated eMSC. These effects were augmented by GLP-1 transfected eMSC.     

脐带间充质干细胞治疗帕金森病的应用

背景：动物实验中已多次验证,脐带干细胞移植可有效改善帕金森大鼠的旋转行为,且免疫排斥反应低。目的：以帕金森病统一评分量表作为观察指标,评估人脐带间充质干细胞移植对帕金森病的治疗效果。方法：纳入帕金森病患者 15例,男8例,女7例,年龄52-76岁,帕金森病H&Y分级3-5级。在产妇知情同意情况下,通过医院伦理委员会批准,获取足月妊娠产妇的脐带,无菌收集脐带,培养脐带间充质干细胞。所有患者均住院治疗,自第 2 周起应用人脐带间充质干细胞进行颈动脉穿刺移植治疗。移植前及移植后1个月采用帕金森病综合评分量表对患者移植前后神经功能进行评定,分值越高表示神经功能缺损越严重。结果与结论：15例患者均进入结果分析。与移植前相比,移植后1个月患者帕金森病综合评分量表分值均明显降低(P < 0.05),主要集中在对震颤、强直的改善,而运动迟缓、姿势不稳等临床症状无明显改善。患者均未出现移植物抗宿主病。提示脐带间充质干细胞移植治疗帕金森病效果显著,可明显改善患者的神经功能。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

Muse cells,newly found non‐tumorigenic pluripotent stem cells,reside in human mesenchymal tissues

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been presumed to include a subpopulation of pluripotent‐like cells as they differentiate not only into the same mesodermal‐lineage cells but also into ectodermal‐ and endodermal‐lineage cells and exert tissue regenerative effects in a wide variety of tissues. A novel type of pluripotent stem cell, Multilineage‐differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells, was recently discovered in mesenchymal tissues such as the bone marrow, adipose tissue, dermis and connective tissue of organs, as well as in cultured fibroblasts and bone marrow‐MSCs. Muse cells are able to differentiate into all three germ layers from a single cell and to self‐renew, and yet exhibit non‐tumorigenic and low telomerase activities. They can migrate to and target damaged sites in vivo, spontaneously differentiate into cells compatible with the targeted tissue, and contribute to tissue repair. Thus, Muse cells may account for the wide variety of differentiation abilities and tissue repair effects that have been observed in MSCs. Muse cells are unique in that they are pluripotent stem cells that belong in the living body, and are thus assumed to play an important role in ‘regenerative homeostasis’ in vivo.     

移植转染ADM或HGF基因的骨髓间充质干细胞治疗大鼠心肌梗死

目的探讨移植转染两种不同基因的骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗大鼠心肌梗死的作用。方法分离、扩增培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞;ELISA检测细胞上清液ADM或HGF的含量;制备大鼠心肌梗死模型,心肌局部注射移植经DAPI标记的MSCs;多普勒超声检测大鼠心功能;荧光显微镜观察细胞存活及分布;免疫组化检测新生血管密度及移植细胞在心梗区的分化。结果转染Ad-ADM或Ad-HGF后,MSCs可有效表达ADM或HGF;与单纯MSCs组相比,两基因组细胞均表达TNI,均有connexin 43的表达增加(P<0.05),心梗区新生血管密度增高(P<0.01),左室射血分数(EF)增加(P<0.01);两组间各指标无差别。结论不同基因修饰的MSCs移植均可增强单纯MSCs对心肌梗死大鼠的治疗作用。     

Inhibition of cardiac allograft rejection in mice using interleukin‐35‐modified mesenchymal stem cells

Interleukin‐35 (IL‐35) is a cytokine recently discovered to play a potent immunosuppressive role by intensifying the functions of regulatory T cells and inhibiting the proliferation and functions of T helper 1 and T helper 17 cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently emerged as promising candidates for cell‐based immune therapy, and our previous study showed that IL‐35 gene modification can effectively enhance the therapeutic effect of MSCs in vitro. In this study, we isolated adipose tissue‐derived MSCs in vitro and infected them with lentiviral vectors overexpressing the IL‐35 gene, thereby creating IL‐35‐MSCs. Subsequently, IL‐35‐MSCs were then injected into mice of the allogeneic heterotopic abdominal heart transplant model to determine their effect on allograft rejection. The results showed that IL‐35‐MSCs could continuously secrete IL‐35 in vivo and in vitro, successfully alleviate allograft rejection and prolong graft survival. In addition, compared to MSCs, IL‐35‐MSCs showed a stronger immunosuppressive ability and further reduced the percentage of Th17 cells, increased the proportion of CD4⁺ Foxp3⁺ T cells, and regulated Th1/Th2 balance in heart transplant mice. These findings suggest that IL‐35‐MSCs have more advantages than MSCs in inhibiting graft rejection and may thus provide a new approach for inducing immune tolerance during transplantation.