吻合旋髂深血管髂骨移植修复下颌骨缺损

我科自1993年以来，采用吻合旋髂深血管的髂骨瓣修复下颌骨肿瘤术后缺损8例，疗效满意，报告如下。     

折叠腓骨瓣一期修复下颌骨放射性骨坏死

目的 探讨采用折叠腓骨复合组织瓣一期修复下颌骨放射性骨坏死术后复合组织缺损的方法，并观察其临床疗效。方法 2004年5月至2005年4月，中山大学附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科采用折叠腓骨皮瓣一期修复下颌骨放射性骨坏死的临床病例共5例。制备腓骨皮瓣，在保持骨膜连续性的情况下，将腓骨截骨后自身折叠成“双管”型腓骨皮瓣，修复受区缺损。结果 5例腓骨皮瓣均成活。术后随访平均8个月，无严重并发症，术后颜面部基本对称，外形满意。复查X线片示腓骨皮瓣与健侧下颌骨骨结合良好，重建下颌骨高度满意，为义齿修复创造了良好的牙槽骨条件。结果 折叠腓骨复合组织瓣一期修复下颌骨放射性骨坏死的成功率高，有效修复了下颌骨及软组织复合缺损，临床疗效满意，值得临床推广应用；     

骨肌皮瓣修下颌骨缺损的护理

骨肌皮瓣是肌肉、皮肤、骨骼的复合组织瓣 ,它以其带血管的自供骨优势在临床上日益受到关注。目前应用最广泛的是旋髂深动脉供血的髂骨移植和腓动脉供血的腓骨移植[1] 。 1 997年 2月至 2 0 0 0年1 1月 ,我们对下颌骨病变病人 1 5例采用骨肌皮瓣修复 ,护理如下。1　临床资料1 .1　一般资料本组 1 5例 ,男 1 1例、女 4例 ,年龄 2 0～ 50岁 ,平均 36.0岁。其中下颌骨造釉细胞瘤 9例 ,下颌骨囊肿 3例 ,下颌骨恶性肿瘤 3例。 9例采用髂骨肌瓣 ,6例为腓骨肌瓣修复缺损。全部病例骨肌瓣存活 ,术后外形理想 ,牙合关系恢复满意 ,供区切口 期愈合 ,…     

吻合血管的髂骨复合组织瓣移植修复下颌骨缺损的经验

目的 对下颌骨或伴有颌周软组织缺损畸形的显微外科重建技术及供区并发症预防进行研究与探讨。方法用髂骨复合组织瓣８０块，其中携带皮岛１５例，与前壁组织瓣串联重建面下１／３大型缺损５例，同时切取双侧髂骨复合组织瓣３例。结果 ８０块髂骨复合组织瓣中１例失败，７９块及相串联的５块前臂皮瓣全部成活，供区感觉，运动功能障碍早期普遍存在，术后６个月￣１年内大部分逐渐恢复，腹疝，股神经麻痹等并发症较少见。结论 单纯     

骨肌皮瓣修复下颌骨缺损的护理

骨肌皮瓣是肌肉、皮肤、骨骼的复合组织瓣,它以其带血管的自供骨优势在临床上日益受到关注.目前应用最广泛的是旋髂深动脉供血的髂骨移植和腓动脉供血的腓骨移植[1].1997年2月至2000年11月,我们对下颌骨病变病人15例采用骨肌皮瓣修复,护理如下.     

吻合血管的双侧髂骨复合瓣重建下颌骨缺损

吻合血管的双侧髂骨复合瓣重建下颌骨缺损南欣荣唐友盛沈国芳叶为民自从Ｔａｙｌｏｒ〔１〕将吻合旋髂深动脉（ＤＣＩＡ）的髂骨复合瓣应用于重建下颌骨缺损以来，由于其诸多的优越性已成为重建下颌骨缺损的首选复合瓣，但其有限的供骨长度使其难以修复下颌骨大部或全部复...     

游离腓骨肌皮瓣一期修复下颌骨及软组织缺损的手术配合

采用自体吻合血管游离腓骨皮瓣修复下颌骨及软组织缺损１０例，术后２周行＾９９ｍ锝扫描及Ｘ线片检查，９例骨瓣成活，８例皮瓣成活，１例移植骨供血不良。提出做好术前准备；术中严格无菌操作保护游离组织，密切观察供以体血运，注意安全操作，术后密切配合，可提高游离移植皮瓣的成活率，减少并发症。     

上斜方肌皮瓣骨肌皮瓣的解剖和修复口腔颌面部缺损的临床应用

目的 观察上斜方肌皮瓣、骨肌皮瓣的血供和探讨修复颌面部缺损临床应用的可行性。方法 用32例成人颈部标本,对上斜方肌皮瓣、骨肌皮瓣的营养血管、行径、分支分布等进行解剖观察,并设计上斜方肌皮瓣、骨肌皮瓣,采用带蒂的方式应用于临床共18例,其中修复颊部缺损8例,舌再造3例,修复口底缺损4例,修复下颌骨缺损3例。结果 上斜方肌和肩胛冈是由颈横动脉分出的颈浅动脉升支和肩胛冈支营养。临床应用除1例皮瓣面积过大有少许皮肤坏死外,所有皮瓣均成活良好,修复效果满意。结论 该皮瓣具有血管解剖位置恒定,血供丰富,皮瓣面积大,手术方便,易成活等优点,适合于颌面部组织缺损的修复。     

应用带血管蒂皮瓣肌皮瓣修复组织缺损

随着显微外科及应用解剖的不断发展,新的供区被发现及应用,使复杂的吻合血管的游离皮瓣移植变为简单的带血管蒂皮瓣转移,使得以前费时或较难解决的问题得以迅速而有效地解决。带血管蒂的皮瓣转移修复,不需吻合血管,手术操作简便,而且手术安全、成功率高。我院自1991～199...     

血管化游离腓骨肌皮瓣重建下颌骨缺损

目的：总结游离腓骨肌皮瓣修复下颌骨缺损的经验。方法：对25例应用游离腓骨肌皮瓣行下颌骨缺损修复的病例进行临床分析,探讨不同类型下颌骨缺损,所采用腓骨肌皮瓣的设计,复合组织瓣的成活情况及术后并发症的发生情况。结果：本组25例患者游离腓骨肌皮瓣成活率100%,最长的腓骨为16cm,分为三段者3例,两段者20例。结论：血管化的游离腓骨肌皮瓣修复下颌骨缺损血供丰富、抗感染力强、骨愈合快、塑形好、成活率高。     

放射性下颌骨坏死术后缺损的游离腓骨肌皮瓣重建

目的 评价游离腓骨（肌）皮瓣重建放射性下颌骨坏死术后缺损的临床效果。方法 以带肌袖和不带肌袖的游离腓骨（肌）瓣重建放射性下颌骨坏死手术切除后的骨缺损，以皮岛修复瘘周软组织缺损，记录腓骨截骨、组织瓣存活情况，供区、受区并发症，术后张口度和余留牙咬合情况，对颌面部外形和功能重建进行评价。结果 随访3～16个月，4例带肌袖腓骨肌皮瓣、5例不带肌袖腓骨皮瓣重建下颌骨缺损均获成功。下颌骨截骨长度6、0～17．0cm，切取腓骨长度8．6～17．0cm。腓骨截成三段2例，二段5例，截成二段后折叠2例。无1例发生严重供区或受区并发症。所有病例外形恢复良好，双侧下颌角处于同一平面，无中线偏斜，开口度2．5～3．3cm，余留牙咬合正常。义齿修复后咀嚼功能满意。结论 游离腓骨（肌）皮瓣存活率高，外形和功能恢复好，适合于放射性下颌骨坏死术后颌面部软硬组织缺损的即刻重建。     

股前外侧游离皮瓣修复足跟大面积软组织缺损

目的探讨股前外侧游离皮瓣移植修复足跟大面积创伤性软组织缺损的临床效果。方法1997年10月至2005年3月，应用股前外侧游离皮瓣移植修复足跟大面积软组织缺损26例，将旋股外侧动脉降支及其伴行静脉分别与胫后动静脉吻合，并将股外侧皮神经与隐神经或腓肠神经吻合，使皮瓣具有感觉功能，并将阔筋膜缝合固定于跟骨以增加皮瓣稳定性。结果移植皮瓣全部成活，创面一期愈合，经3个月至4年的随访，皮瓣感觉部分恢复，足跟外形与稳定性良好。结论股前外侧游离皮瓣供区隐蔽，血供丰富，可切取范围大，特别是带有感觉神经和阔筋膜，修复足跟耐磨、稳定性好，是修复足跟大面积软组织缺损的理想皮瓣。     

Fibular flap reconstruction of the cervical spine for repair of osteoradionecrosis

Background contextAlthough cervical spine reconstruction with osteocutaneous fibular flap microvascular grafting has been described, simultaneous reconstruction of the cervical vertebral column and laryngectomy have not been described.PurposeTo present a unique case of combined cervical spine and laryngectomy reconstruction.Study designCase report.MethodsWe modified a previously reported procedure reconstituting the cervical spine and pharynx with a single fibular flap in a case of posterior pharyngeal ulceration and osteomyelitis/osteoradionecrosis without spinal deformity.ResultsWe present a case of simultaneous cervical stabilization and pharynx reconstruction with a fibular graft in a life-saving treatment of osteoradionecrosis complicated by acute cervical kyphosis and spinal cord compression in a 55-year-old patient with extensive head and neck cancer history and recent recurrence of hypopharyngeal cancer.ConclusionsRigid anterior plate fixation and subsequent posterior fixation were required after corpectomy and total laryngectomy in our patient with extensive surgical scarring and radiation history because of severe spinal deformity secondary to osteoradionecrosis. We achieved successful preservation of neurologic function and resolution of pain.     

Management of advanced mandibular osteoradionecrosis with free flap reconstruction

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of free tissue transfer for treatment of advanced mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN) in head and neck cancer patients. METHODS: We reviewed 29 patients who were treated for advanced mandibular ORN by radical resection and reconstruction with free flaps at our institution. All patients had either failed to respond to conservative treatment, including hyperbaric oxygen therapy and debridement or had pathological fracture due to ORN. RESULTS: Twenty-four vascularized bone (17 fibula, five iliac, and two scapula), four rectus abdominis myocutaneous, and one radial forearm fasciocutaneous free flaps were used. The complications occurred in 6 of 29 patients (21%). A total of four flaps (14%) were lost. The mean follow-up was 2 years 9 months. All patients had complete resolution of ORN symptoms. No evidence of ORN recurrence was observed in any patient. CONCLUSION: For advanced osteoradionecrosis of the mandible, radical resection followed by reconstruction using free flap provides a reliable means of obtaining good wound healing with acceptable aesthetic and functional results.     

Bilateral TRAM flaps for the reconstruction of the post implantectomy/capsulectomy breast deformity

The surgical management of patients desiring removal of silicone mammary prostheses can be controversial. Patients fearful of implants may choose not to undergo implant exchange with saline implants. This fear is well documented and has been influenced by the media. Anecdotal reports attempting to link silicone mammary prostheses to human adjuvant diseases have exacerbated this fear. Large outcome studies refute these claims. Significant breast deformity can result after implantectomy/capsulectomy. Various autogenous tissues have been used in the post mastectomy group of patients. Recently, latissimus dorsi muscle has been used in breast augmentation. This case report delineates the thought process involved in patient selection, describes the techniques employed, and suggests that bilateral deepithelialized TRAM flaps can be utilized in the aesthetic reconstruction of a growing population of patients: those who decline implant exchange but desire to maintain or improve the aesthetic appearance of their breasts.     

A comparison between fibula and iliac crest in mandibular reconstruction

Nowadays the vascularized free fibula flap and the free iliac crest flap are the methods most frequently used to reconstruct the mandible. This is also the case in our clinic. A retrospective nonrandomized study was performed to compare both flaps. The vascularized fibula free flap and the iliac crest free flap were compared in terms of logistics, flap failure, revisionary surgery, donor site morbidity, and recipient site morbidity. No significant differences in flap failure and revision surgery were found between the fibula group and the iliac crest group. Recipient site and donor site complications (major and minor) were significantly less in the fibula group compared to the iliac crest group. In mandibular reconstruction, the free vascularized fibula flap appears to be superior to the free vascularized iliac crest flap in terms of both recipient site and donor site morbidity.     

髂深血管蒂髂骨-腹内斜肌同蒂双岛状瓣修复下颌复合组织缺损

目的评价以髂深血管为蒂的髂骨—腹内斜肌双岛状瓣（简称同蒂双岛状瓣）修复下颌复合组织缺损的临床应用价值。方法2005年1月至2006年10月,应用同蒂双岛状瓣修复10例下颌骨复合组织缺损（包括下颌骨体部、下颌角和下颌骨升支及其周围软组织,其中有7例还包含髁突的缺损）。结果10例同蒂双岛状瓣移植均获成功,仅1例出现局部轻度感染,换药后二期愈合。术后随访3～24个月,均无肿瘤复发,颌面外形两侧基本对称,咬合关系恢复正常,且供区未见明显的并发症。结论同蒂双岛状瓣具有切口隐蔽、单一,对供区功能影响小,软硬组织复合缺损同期修复效果好等特点,是半侧下颌骨复合周围软组织大型缺损功能重建的较好方案。