Comparison of postoperative intraocular pressure changes between 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy and conventional 20-gauge vitrectomy

Purpose

To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) after 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy (TSV) and conventional 20-gauge vitrectomy for various vitreoretinal diseases.

Methods

This was a retrospective interventional case series including 338 cases of 23-gauge TSV and 476 cases of 20-gauge vitrectomy with minimum follow-up period of 1 month. Postoperative 1 day, 1 week and 1 month IOPs were compared. Multiple regression analysis to assess the actual effect of gauge of vitrectomy on postoperative IOP was performed including intraoperative and postoperative factors influencing postoperative IOP as covariates.

Results

The mean IOP of 20-gauge vitrectomy was significantly higher than that of 23-gauge TSV (20.6±8.02 mm Hg vs12.8±4.48 mm Hg, P<0.001) at postoperative day 1, but the differences were not significant at postoperative 1 week and 1 month. The IOP pattern of 23-gauge TSV demonstrated more stable course than that of 20-gauge vitrectomy. At 1 day post vitrectomy, the incidence of hypertony was higher in 20-gauge, whereas that of hypotony was higher in 23-gauge. Among risk factors, the 20-gauge vitrectomy showed the strongest association with postoperative 1 day IOP rise.

Conclusion

Twenty-three-gauge TSV has stable and lower IOP in the early postoperative period than the 20-gauge vitrectomy. In patients whose retina and optic nerves are vulnerable to higher or fluctuating IOP, 23-gauge TSV may be more beneficial.     

23G玻璃体切割术后视力及眼内压影响因素的多元线性回归分析

目的:通过研究接受23G经结膜无缝合玻璃体切割手术(23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy,TSV23G)患者,评价是否联合白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术、不同玻璃体腔填充物、术后恢复时间(术后1d;1,3mo)等因素对视力和眼内压的影响,为临床选择手术方式及评价疗效提供参考。方法:应用多元相关和回归分析56例57眼视力及眼压的临床资料。结果:视力与联合术式、术后1,3mo呈正相关,与非联合术式、术后1d、填充物的使用呈负相关。其中气体填充物、硅油填充物、术后1,3mo与视力的相关系数具有统计学意义(P=0.0005,0.0006,0.0461,0.0210)。眼内压与联合手术、术后1d;1mo、气体填充物呈正相关,与视力、未联合手术方式、术后3mo、硅油填充物呈负相关。其中,视力、手术方式、术后3mo与眼内压的相关系数有统计学意义(P=0.0038,0.0023,<0.01)。结论:行TSV23G后部玻璃体切割术联合白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术有利于患者的视力提高。惰性气体对于眼内压影响明显。术后视力随时间好转,眼内压早期升高,术后3mo降低。就本研究而言,术后3mo是评价手术后疗效的适宜时间。     

Presumed sclerotomy site bleeding inflowing into the anterior chamber after the removal of a 23-gauge microcannula in 23-gauge sutureless vitrectomy

We experienced two cases of the influx of the sclerotomy site bleeding into the anterior chamber during 23-gauge sutureless vitrectomy for pseudophakic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Soon after the removal of a 23-gauge microcannula at the end of the surgery, presumed sclerotomy site hemorrhage was rapidly fluxed into the anterior chamber. The anterior chamber bleeding might come from the sclerotomies rather than from episcleral vessels. The posterior pressure in the gas-filled pseudophakic eye might have pushed the sclerotomy site bleeding into the anterior chamber. We could not find any vitreous hemorrhages. The hemorrhage within the anterior chamber spontaneously absorbed within 14 days.     

Wound leakage and hypotony after 25-gauge sutureless vitrectomy: factors affecting postoperative intraocular pressure.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors related to postoperative hypotony after 25-gauge sutureless vitrectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Of 109 consecutive eyes undergoing sutureless vitrectomy, 95 fluid-filled eyes were randomly assigned to three groups according to the order of infusion cannula removal. In group 1 (30 eyes), the infusion was removed first. In group 2 (32 eyes), the infusion was removed after another cannula. In group 3 (33 eyes), the infusion was removed last. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured on preoperative day 1 and postoperative days 1, 7, and 30. RESULTS: Mean age was 58.9 +/- 11.6 years (range: 18 to 80 years). Among each factor (including order of infusion removal, age, sex, axial length, preoperative IOP, previous vitrectomy, indications for vitrectomy and lens status), only age was significantly correlated with IOP on postoperative day 1 (P = .019). In 13 eyes in which hypotony persisted through postoperative day 2 (IOP < or = 5 mm Hg), the age of the patients was significantly younger than those who did not experience persisting hypotony (P = .006). CONCLUSION: Younger patients were more likely to experience early postoperative hypotony.     

缝合切口与否对25G玻璃体切割术后患者眼压及相关并发症的影响

目的　观察25G玻璃体切割术穿刺口缝合与免缝合术后眼压及其并发症发生情况,探讨小切口玻璃体切割术穿刺口缝合的必要性。方法　连续收集2015年5月至2016年9月西京医院眼科住院部206例（206眼）接受25G三通道玻璃体切割术患者的病例资料。根据手术结束时是否缝合巩膜切口分为2组,缝合组106例,免缝组100例。以术后第1天眼压≤5 mmHg（1 kPa=7.5 mmHg）为极低眼压,眼压＞21 mmHg为高眼压,术后高眼压在程度上分为:轻度>22～30 mmHg,中度>30～40 mmHg,重度＞40 mmHg。术后眼压等级变化（眼压变化幅度）分为:无变化、轻度降低（降1级）、重度降低（降2级）、轻度升高（升1级）、重度升高（升2级）。重点关注患者术后第1天眼压以及术后极低眼压和高眼压以及并发症的发生情况。结果　术后第1天缝合组眼压为4.7～48.0 mmHg （16.68±8.21）mmHg,免缝组为2.3～45.0 mmHg （14.41±7.72） mmHg,差异有统计学意义（P=0.031）,免缝组术后第1天眼压总体低于缝合组。两组术后眼压等级比较,差异有统计学意义（P=0.029）,免缝组术后发生极低眼压概率高,缝合组发生高眼压的概率高,缝合组术后眼压在正常范围内的概率大于免缝组。两组手术前后眼压等级变化（眼压变化幅度）比较,差异无统计学意义（P=0.120）。本研究资料术后极低眼压发生率为4.3%。免缝组出现8眼极低眼压,其中5眼发生并发症,包括术后第1天出现视网膜皱褶、脉络膜脱离1眼,4眼出现前房出血。缝合组出现1眼极低眼压,术后第1天可见前房出血及脉络膜水肿。两组手术后极低眼压并发症发生率差异有统计学意义（P=0.028）,免缝组较缝合组术后发生极低眼压导致并发症发生率高。本研究资料高眼压发生率为14.1%。免缝组高眼压共12眼,其中轻度7眼、中度3眼、重度2眼。缝合组高眼压共17眼,其中轻度9眼、中度5眼、重度3眼。缝合组比免缝组高眼压发生率相对较高,但两组术后均未出现高眼压导致的并发症。两组术后高眼压程度差异无统计学意义（P=0.805）,眼压以轻中度升高为主,经治疗3 d后,眼压均降到正常范围内。结论　25G玻璃体切割术毕时缝合穿刺口是相对更安全的,为了防止术后极发生低眼压及并发症,针对性缝合穿刺口是有必要的。     

改良23G玻璃体切除手术后早期高眼压的危险因素分析

目的：观察改良23G经结膜免缝合微切口玻璃体切除手术(TSV)后早期(7d内)高眼压发生率及其影响因素。

方法：回顾性病例分析研究。选取2013-03/11在我院行改良23G免缝合微切口玻璃体切除手术的98例98眼纳入研究。采用非接触式眼压计测量眼压在25mmHg以上的术眼临床资料进行分析。连续监测手术后7d的眼压情况,分析患者年龄、性别、眼别、病程及手术前原发疾病、眼内手术史、手术方式、不同眼内填充物、晶状体状态及手术时间对手术后高眼压发生的影响。

结果：23G玻璃体切除术后7d内共33眼出现高眼压,发生率是33.7%(33/98),其中,发生在术后第1d者8眼,占24.2%(8/33),术后3d者25眼,占75.8%(25/33)。男、女高眼压的发生率分别为32.8%(20/61)和35.1%(13/37),右、左眼高眼压发生率分别是36.8%(21/57)和29.3%(12/41)。高眼压眼与无高眼压眼年龄(Z=-0.22),性别(χ²=0.057)、手术眼别(χ²=0.612),病程(Z=-0. 079)及手术时间(Z=-0.553)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。硅油眼和气体填充眼比较(χ²=1.04)、外伤眼和非外伤眼比较(χ²=0.044),视网膜脱离眼和非视网膜脱离眼比较(χ²=2.282),差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多次手术眼比首次手术眼高眼压发生率高(χ²=5.211),联合手术较单纯玻璃体手术高(χ²=4.57),无晶状体眼较有晶状体眼高(χ²=4.224),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：23G免缝合微切口玻璃体切除术后高眼压主要发生在术后前3d。眼内手术史,联合手术,无晶状体眼是手术后高眼压的危险因素。     

Surgical induced astigmatism correlated with corneal pachymetry and intraocular pressure:transconjunctival sutureless 23-gauge versus 20-gauge sutured vitrectomy in diabetes mellitus

AIM: To determine the difference of surgical induced astigmatism between conventional 20-gauge sutured vitrectomy and 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy, and the influence of corneal pachymetry and intraocular pressure (IOP) on surgical induced astigmatism in diabetic patients.METHODS:This retrospective, consecutive case series consisted of 40 eyes of 38 diabetic subjects who underwent either 20-gauge or 23-gauge vitrectomy. The corneal curvature and thickness were measured with Scheimpflug imaging before surgery and 1wk; 1, 3mo after surgery. We compared the surgical induced astigmatism (SIA) on the true net power in 23-gauge group with that in 20-gauge group. We determined the correlation between corneal thickness change ratio, IOP and SIA measured by Pentacam.RESULTS: The mean SIAs were 1.082±0.085 D (mean±SEM), 0.689±0.070 D and 0.459±0.063 D at postoperative 1wk; 1, 3mo respectively in diabetic subjects. The vitrectomy induced astigmatisms were declined significantly with time (F2,36=33.629, P=0.000) postoperatively. The 23-gauge surgery group induced significantly less astigmatism than 20-gauge surgery group (F1,37=11.046, P=0.020). Corneal thickness in diabetes elevated after surgery (F3,78=10.532, P=0.000). The linear regression analysis at postoperatively 1wk went as:SIA=-4.519+4.931 change ratio (Port3) +0.026 IOP (R²=0.46, P=0.000), whereas the rate of corneal thickness change and IOP showed no correlation with the change of astigmatism at postoperatively 1 and 3mo.CONCLUSION: There are significant serial changes in both 20-gauge and 23-gauge group in diabetic subjects. 23-gauge induce less astigmatism than 20-gauge and become stable more rapidly than 20-gauge. The elevation of corneal thickness and IOP was associated with increased astigmatim at the early postoperative stage both in 23-gauge and 20-gauge surgery group.     

Outcomes of 23- and 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomies for dislocated intraocular lenses

Purpose

To compare the outcome of 23-gauge as compared with 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy (TSV) in the management of dislocated intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Design

Retrospective, non-consecutive, comparative, interventional case series.

Participants

Patients with dislocated intraocular lens who underwent sutureless PPV using either 23-gauge or 25-gauge instruments.

Methods

The patients who presented with a dislocated IOL, underwent TSV with repositioning of the intraocular lens, either in the sulcus or scleral-fixated sutured/glued.

Results

Of the total 61 eyes, 33 (54.09%) underwent 23-gauge TSV and 28 (45.90%) underwent 25-gauge TSV. The mean logMAR BCVA at baseline and 6 months after surgery was 0.8 and 0.46 in the 23-gauge group, and 0.82 and 0.47 in the 25-gauge group. There was no significant difference in logMAR BCVA values between the two groups at any time point of time during the follow-up. The mean postoperative IOP on postoperative day 1 was 14.76 ± 5.4 in 23-gauge group and 17.57 ± 7.9 in the 25-gauge group (p = 0.10). Retinal break was noticed intraoperatively in two cases in 23-gauge group and in three cases in 25-gauge group (p = 0.509). Postoperative complications included IOL decentration in one case of 23-gauge vitrectomy and two cases in 25-gauge group (p = 0.5), cystoid macular edema in four patients in 23-gauge group and six cases of 25-gauge group (p = 0.3) and retinal detachment in one case in each group (p = 0.9).

Conclusions

25-gauge appears to be as safe and as effective as 23-gauge TSV in the management of dislocated intraocular lenses.

     

Repositioning a dislocated intraocular lens in the ciliary sulcus using 23-gauge sutureless pars plana vitrectomy

Intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation is a common complication of phacoemulsification. We describe a technique for retrieving a dislocated IOL using 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy and repositioning the IOL in the ciliary sulcus in cases with adequate capsule support. This technique provides the benefits of sutureless surgery despite the complication of a dislocated IOL.     

Combined 25- and 23-gauge surgery: a new sutureless vitrectomy technique.

The 25- and 23-gauge sutureless vitrectomy techniques decrease the surgical trauma and improve patients' postoperative comfort. The disadvantages of the 25-gauge system include pliable instrument and slower gel removal. The 23-gauge system provides faster speed of vitrectomy and the instruments have stiffer shafts, but it requires a larger incision. To circumvent some of these limitations, a new sutureless transconjunctival vitrectomy technique that combines 23- and 25-gauge cannulas and instruments was studied. Fifty-three patients underwent vitreoretinal surgery using two 25-gauge ports for the infusion and light probe and one 23-gauge port for the vitreous cutter and various instruments. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were noted and no cases required conversion to another technique.     

Intraocular pressure outcomes after 23-G vitreoretinal surgery with two different transconjunctival sutureless sclerotomy techniques: vertical versus tunnel entry

International Ophthalmology - Comparison of postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) course and early complications in 23-gauge (23-G) pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) using vertical entry sclerotomy...