Overweight and Obesity——Induced Oxidative Stress in Children

Objective To investigate whether overweight and obesity might cause oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in overweight and obese children, and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Eighty-five overweight and obese children （OOC）, and eighty-five age-matched healthy children （HC） were recruited in this case-control study. The present study analyzed spectrophotometrically vitamin C （VC）, vitamin E （VE）, and β-carotene （β-CAR） in plasma, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, and the level of malondialdehyde （MDA） in erythrocytes. Results Compared with those of VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT and MDA in the HC group, the average values of VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, and CAT in the OOC group were significantly decreased （P〈0.001）, while the average value of MDA in the OOC group was significantly increased （P〈0.001）. The regression analysis demonstrated that VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, and CAT were negatively correlated （P〈0.05-0.01）, and MDA was positively correlated with BMI （P〈0.05）. Fitting to the model of multiple stepwise regression of BMI on VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT, and MDA in 85 OOC was Y = 27.0041 ＋ 0,2541MDA - 2.1448β-CAR -- 0.0090CAr, where F = 43.8088, P〈0.001, r = 0.7866, r^2= 0.6187, adjusted r^2= 0.6046. The findings from the reliability analysis for VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT, and MDA used to reflect increased oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in the OOC showed that the reliability coefficients （alpha, 6 items） = 0.7231, P〈0.0001, and that the standardized item alpha = 0.9207, P〈0.0001, Conclusion The present study suggests that there exists an increased oxidative stress in overweight and obese children.     

几种维生素对猪血清免疫性肝纤维化大鼠抗氧化损伤的研究

①目的 探讨几种维生素对肝纤维化大鼠的抗氧化损伤作用.②方法 用维生素C（vitamin C,VC）,维生素E（vitamin E,VE）,维生素A（vitamin A,VA）和β-胡萝卜素（β-carotene β-CAR）,干预免疫性肝纤维化大鼠,检查大鼠肝组织病理学变化,检测血清中超氧化歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）的活性、肝脏中过氧化氢酶（catalase,CAT）的活性,以及血清和肝脏中的丙二醛（malonaldehyde,MDA）含量变化.③结果 VC、VE、VA和β-CAR组的肝纤维化半定量计分,分别为（13.13±7.54）、（5.06±3.60）、（8.00±4.14）、（6.25±4.47）分;各维生素处理组的抗氧化指标（SOD,CAT和MDA）和模型对照组相比均有不同程度的改善（P＜0.05）.④结论 VC、VE、VA和β-CAR均有抗肝纤维化作用,且对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠有不同程度的抗氧化损伤的作用.     

自由基异常反应诱导的氧化应激和氧化损伤与慢性肾小球肾炎

本报通讯员刘冬云报道 浙江大学附属二院肾内科陈佳兮等医师的“自由基异常反应诱导的氧化应激和氧化损伤与慢性肾小球肾炎”研究表明,对慢性肾炎患者(CGNP)和健康者,分别检测一氧化氮(NO)、维生素C(VC)、维生素E(VE)、β-胡萝卜素(β-CAR),过氧化脂质(LPO),及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、     

哮喘患者氧化—抗氧化系统的改变及其临床意义

目的探讨支气管哮喘(哮喘)患者体内氧化-抗氧化系统的改变及其临床意义.方法观察了40侧哮喘发作期病人、10例健康人和20例治疗组病人,用生化方法测定血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量和1秒钟用力肺活量实测值/预计值百分比.结果 (1)哮喘发作期患者SOD、CAT活性显著低于正常对照组(P＜0.01),MDA含量高于正常对照组(P＜0.05).(2)MDA含量与1秒钟用力肺活量实测值/预计值百分比呈显著负相关(r=-0.38P＜0.01).SOD活性与MDA含量呈显著负相关(r=-0.48 P＜0.001).(3)治疗组比发作组SOD、CAT活性明显增高(P＜0.01).结论哮喘患者体内存在氧化-抗氧化失衡现象,它在哮喘的发病机制中可能起重要的作用.     

Increased oxidative stress in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension

Objective To investigate whether pregnancy-induced hypertension （PIH） may increase oxidative stress in women with PIH, and to explore the mechanisms by which PIH may increase oxidative stress and potential free radical damage. Methods Seventy women with PIH and seventy women with uncomplicated normotensive pregnancy （UNP） whose age, nutritional conditions, levels of hemoglobin and albumin were all matched, were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. Their plasma concentrations of nitric oxide （NO）, vitamin C （VC）, vitamin E （VE）, and β-carotene （β-CAR） as well as their erythrocyte malondialdehyde （MDA）, and activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT） and glutathione peroxidase （GPX） were determined by spcctrophotometry. Results Compared with average values of the above experimental parameters in the women with UNP, the average value of erythrocyte MDA in the women with PIH significantly increased （P〈0.0001）, while the average values of plasma NO, VC, VE, and β-CAR as well as those of erythrocyte SOD, CAT, and GPX in the women with PIH significantly decreased （P〈0.0005-0.0001）. The findings from partial correlation analysis （controlling for age） for 70 women with PIH showed that with elevated systolic blood pressure （SBP） and diastolic blood pressure （DBP）, MDA value gradually increased （P〈0.001）, and NO, VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT, and GPX values gradually decreased （P〈0.02-0.001）. The findings from reliability analysis for NO, VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT, GPX, and MDA values used to reflect increased oxidative stress and potential free radical damage in women with PIH showed that the reliability coefficients （alpha, 8 items） = 0.7062, P〈 0.0001, and the standardized item alpha = 0.9116, P〈 0.0001. Conclusion The findings in the present research suggest that pregnancy-induced hypertension can increase oxidative stress and potential free radical damage in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension.     

氧化应激与多囊卵巢综合征的关系初探

目的探讨氧化应激与多囊卵巢综合症(PCOS)的关系,并观察维生素E(VE)、维生素C(VC)对PCOS的治疗作用。方法分别测定60例PCOS患者(PCOS组1和PCOS组2各30例)及30例健康自愿者(对照组)血清中脂质过氧化物(LPO)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、VE、VC的含量。PCOS组于抽血检测上述指标后,常规接受"炔雌醇环丙孕酮"治疗,PCOS组1同时服用抗氧化剂VE0.1gqd,VC0.2gbid,疗程3个月。在疗程结束的第7d,复查两组患者血清中LPO、MDA、SOD、VE、VC含量,并继续随访3个月,观察PCOS组1和PCOS组2患者月经自然恢复情况。结果与对照组比较,PCOS患者治疗前血清LPO、MDA含量明显升高(P均<0.05),SOD、VE、VC含量明显降低(P均<0.05);接受治疗后,PCOS组1患者血清氧化水平指标(LPO、MDA)含量较治疗前明显下降(P均<0.05),抗氧化能力指标(SOD、VE、VC)含量明显上升(P均<0.05);PCOS组2患者治疗前后血清氧化水平指标和抗氧化能力指标均无明显变化(P>0.05);治疗后,PCOS组1血清中LPO、MDA含量较PCOS组2降低(P均<0.05),SOD、VE、VC含量较PCOS组2升高(P均<0.05);PCOS组1月经自然恢复的情况明显优于组2患者(P<0.05)。结论PCOS的发病可能与氧化应激(活性氧的代谢失衡)有关,抗氧化剂可能改善PCOS患者的预后。     

Studies on the Oxidative Stress in Alcohol Abusers in China

Objective:In order to study the relationship between alcoho abuse and oxidative stress,and to identify oxidative damage of alcoho abuse in human bodies.Methods:80 Cases of male alcoholics(AL) aged 40 years old and 80 cases of male healthy volunteers(HV)of the same age without drinking histroy were investigated by measuring concentrations of vitaminC(VC),vitamin E (VE) and β-carotene(β-CAR)in plasma as well as activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalse(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in RBC with spectrophotometri assays.Results:Compared with the average values(AV) of the above biochemical parameters in the HV group ,the average values of VC,VE and β-CAR in plasma and the activities of SOD,CAT and GSH-Px in RBC in the AL group were significantly decreased (P=0.0000),The findings in linear regression and correlation analysis for 80 alcoholics showed that with the prolonged drinking duration and increased daily drinking quantity,the values of VC,VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as SOD,CAT and GSH-Px in RBC in the alcoholics were gradually decreased(P=0.000),representing a respectively significant linear negative correlation.The analysis of stepwise regression and correlation rewvealed that the drinking duration had the closest correlation with the values of VE in plasma as well as CAT and GSH-Px in RBC,while the daily drinking quantity had the closest correlation with the values of VC,VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as SOD and GSH-Px in RBC,Conclusion :The findings of the present study suggested that the oxidative stress in the alcoholics became pathologically intensified,leading to potential oxidative damages in their bodies.Therefore,alcoholica should abstain from alcohol drinking,and should take as supplements suitable dosage of antioxidants per day such as VC,VE,β-CAR and others to moderate potential oxidative damages in their bodies.     

Increased oxidative stress and damage in patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis

Objective To investigate whether chronic bacterial prostatitis （CBP） increases oxidative stress and damage in patients with CBP, and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Eighty patients with CBP and 80 healthy adults as controls were enrolled in a case-control study, in which levels of nitric oxide （NO）, vitamin C （VC）, and vitamin E （VE） in plasma, as well as malondialdehyde （MDA）, activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and eatalase （CAT） in erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometry. Results Compared with the average values of NO, VC, VE, MDA, SOD, and CAT in the healthy control group, those of plasma N O and erythrocyte MDA in the CBP group were significantly increased （P〈0.00 1）, and those of plasma VC and VE as well as erythrocyte SOD and CAT in the CBP group were significantly decreased （P〈0.001）. Findings from partial correlation analysis for course of the disease and NO, VC, VE, MDA, SOD, and CAT in 80 patients with CBP, adjusted for age, suggested that with prolonged course of the disease, values of NO and MDA were gradually increased （P〈0.001）, and those of VC, VE, SOD, and CAT were gradually decreased （P〈0.05-0.001）. The findings from stepwise regression analysis for course of the disease and NO, VC, VE, MDA, SOD, and CAT in CBP group suggested that the model of stepwise regression was Y = -19.1160 ＋0.3112MDA ＋ 0.0337NO, F = 22.1734, P〈0.001, r = 0.6045, P〈0.001. The findings from the reliability analysis for VC, VE, SOD, CAT, NO, and MDA in the CBP group showed that the reliability coefficients＇ alpha （6 items） was 0.7195, P〈0.0001, and the standardized item alpha was 0.9307, P〈0.0001. Conclusion There exist increased oxidative stress and damage induced by chronic bacterial prostatitis in patients, and such a phenomenon is closely related to the course of disease.     

Abnormal reactions of free radicals and oxidative damages in the bodies of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis

Objective To study the abnormal reactions of a series of free radicals and the oxidative damages induced by free radical abnormal reactions in the bodies of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. Methods Eighty chronic glomerulonephritis patients (CGNP) and eighty healthy adult volunteers (HAV) were enrolled in a random control study, in which concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) in plasma, lipoperoxides (LPO) in plasma and in erythrocytes, and vitamin C (VC),vitamin E (VE) and beta-carotene (β-CAR) in plasma as well as activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in erythrocytes were determined with spectrophotometric assays. Results Compared with the average values of the above biochemical parameters in the HAV group, the average values of NO in plasma, and LPO in plasma and erythrocytes in the CGNP group were significantly increased (P = 0.0001), while those of VC, VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as those of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the CGNP group were significantly decreased (P = 0.0001). Pearson product-moment correlation analysis showed that with increase of the concentration of blood creatinine as well as prolongation of the course of disease in the CGNP, the concentrations of NO in plasma, and LPO in plasma and erythrocytes in the CGNP increased gradually, while the concentrations of VC, VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as the activities of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the CGNP decreased gradually (P = 0.002454 - 0.000001).The relative risk ratio (RR) of the above biochemical parameters reflecting oxidative damages in the bodies of CGNP ranged from 6.061 to 72.429. The reliability coefficient (alpha) that the above biochemical parameters were used to reflect the oxidative damages of the CGNP was 0.8137,standardized item alpha = 0.9728, Hotelling's T-Squared = 1135680.191, F = 53274.6478, P =0.000001. Conclusions The findings irt this study show that in the bodies of CGNP a series of free radical chain reactions result in severe pathological aggravation and induce oxidative damages in their bodies. Therefore, suitable dose of antioxidants should be supplemented to them so as to alleviate oxidative damages in their bodies.     

Heroin abuse and nitric oxide, oxidation, peroxidation, lipoperoxidation

To further reveal the risks of heroin abuse to human body, and to determine the injuries of oxidation, peroxidation and lipoperoxidation induced by nitric oxide and other free radicals to heroin abusers, we determined and compared plasma values of lipoperoxides (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE), β-carotene (β-CAR) and erythrocyte values of LPO, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in 114 heroin abusers and 100 healthy volunteers. Using linear regression and correlation as well as stepwise regression and correlation, we also analyzed the effect of the abusing duration, and daily abusing quantity on the above-mentioned biochemical parameters in the heroin abusers. The results showed that, compared with the healthy volunteer groups, the average plasma values of LPO, and NO, and the average erythrocyte value of LPO in the heroin abuser group were significantly increased (P＜0.0001), and the average plasma values of VC, VE, and β-CAR and the average erythrocyte values of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px were significantly decreased (P＜0.0001). Analysis of linear regression and correlation showed that with prolonged heroin abusing and with increased daily quantity in the heroin abusers, the plasma values of LPO, and NO, and the erythrocyte value of LPO were gradually increased (P＜0.001), whereas the plasma values of VC, VE, and β-CAR and the erythrocyte values of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px were gradually decreased (P＜0.001). Analysis of stepwise regression and correlation indicated that the plasma values of NO, VC and VE were closely correlated with the abusing duration and daily abusing quantity. These results indicate that the balance between oxidation and antioxidation in the heroin abusers was seriously disturbed, and the injuries induced by nitric oxide and other free radicals, through oxidation, peroxidation and lipoperoxidation to the bodies of heroin abusers exacerbated. It is therefore necessary that in abstaining from heroin dependence, the heroin abusers should acquire sufficient quantities of antioxidants such as VC, VE and β-CAR.