金银花的两种混伪品

金银花为忍冬科植物忍冬Lonicera japonica Thunb.、红腺忍冬L.hypoglauca Miq.、山银花L.confusa DC.或毛花柱忍冬L.dasystyla Rehd.的干燥花蕾.我们在金银花的商品调查中,发现有豆科植物湖北羊蹄甲Bauhiniahupehana Craib及木樨科植物北清香藤Jasminum lanceo1arium Roxb.的干燥花蕾充作金银花药用.现将二者的性状及显微特征介绍如     

国家药典委员会关于金银花、山银花分类有关问题的说明（摘要）

1．为什么要区别金银花和山银花？ 金银花、山银花同属中药材。金银花是忍冬科植物忍冬初开的花及花蕾,南北均有分布,主要种植产区在北方几省;山银花是忍冬科植物红腺忍冬、华南忍冬、灰毡毛忍冬和黄褐毛忍冬的花蕾或初开的花,主要种植产区在南方几省。     

金银花与山银花挥发性成分GC-MS的研究

金银花和山银花均属忍冬科植物,分别收载于<中国药典>2005年一部.金银花为忍冬科植物忍冬Lonicera japonica Thunb.的干燥花蕾或初开的花,山银花为忍冬科植物灰毡毛忍冬L.macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.、红腺忍冬L.hypoglauca Miq.或华南忍冬L.confusa DC.的干燥花蕾或初开的花.     

贵州黄褐毛忍冬的资源调查

<正> 黄褐毛忍冬为忍冬科植物黄褐毛忍冬(Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu Hsu et S. C.Cheng)的花蕾,是七十年代末发现的新种。贵州贞丰、册亨等地历来作为金银花入药,并远销全国各地,却未被中国药典收载。由于     

金银花伪品毛瑞香花的鉴别

<正> 金银花为常用中药。《中国药典》1990年版收载了忍冬科植物忍冬Lonicera japonica Thunb.红腺忍冬L·hypogtauca Miq.山银花L.confusa DC.或毛花柱忍冬L.dasystyta Rehd.的干燥花蕾或带初开的花作金银花使用。笔者在药品质量检查中,发现我市某医院中药房用于配方的金银花药材外观有异,经抽检,鉴定为金银花中混入了近2/3量的毛瑞香的花蕾。     

金银花药材的综合研究

《中国药典》2 0 0 0年版一部 ,收载中药材金银花为忍冬科植物忍冬 L .japonica Thunb.、红腺忍冬L.hypoglauca Mig.、山银花 L.confusa DC或毛花柱忍冬 L.dysystyla Rehd4种为法定药用金银花正品 ,以其干燥的花蕾或带初开的花入药。其性味甘、寒 ,具有清热解毒 ,凉散风热之功能。用于痈肿疔疮、喉痹、丹毒、热血毒痢、风热感冒、瘟病发热等症 ,应用历史悠久 ,是常用大宗药材。特别是近期我国出现的“非典型肺炎”使得该药材供不应求。但该药材同属植物多 ,在我国分布广 ,使用品种多用量大 ,因此市场流通的商品药材品种复杂。本文拟对金…     

金银花掺假的新现象

金银花掺假的新现象李生华巴盟药品检验所（０１５０００）中药金银花为忍冬科植物忍冬的干燥花蕾或带初开的花，为常用中药。其植物来源复杂，全国各地作金银花药用的有近３０种不同植物的花蕾和初开的花。《中华人民共和国药典》１９８５年版收载药用历史久远，疗效好的...     

金银花枝叶提取物对炎症小鼠的抗炎镇痛作用研究

<正>金银花(Flos Lonicerae)为忍冬科(Caprifoliaceae)植物忍冬(Lonicerajaponica Thunb)、菰(红)腺忍冬(L.Hypoglauca Miq.)或毛花柱忍冬(L.Dasystyla Rehd.)的干燥花蕾或初开的花~([1])。首载于南北朝陶弘景所著的《名医别录》,为常用中药,具有清热解毒、凉散风热之功效。金银花的副产物枝叶产量较高,却一直被视为非药用部位而长期未得到利用。明代李时珍曰:     

不同产地金银花种质资源化学成分含量比较

金银花是忍冬科植物忍冬Lonicera japonicaThunb的干燥花蕾,为常用中药材,有清热解毒之功效[1]。现代药理实验研究证明,金银花具有抗病毒、解热、增强免疫力、止血、利尿和降低胆固醇的作用。据记载,忍冬科Caprifoliaceae植物在中国有98种,几乎全国各地均有分布,尤以西南地区种类最多种,可供药用的种类达47种[2,3],以山东平邑和河南封丘为道地产区[4,5]。近年来,随着应用范围的扩大和需求量的增加,金银花野生资源逐渐减少,人工     

金银花商品分类鉴别

<中华人民共和国药典>2000版收载的金银花为忍冬科植物忍冬Lonicera japonica Tnumb.红腺忍冬Lonicera hypoglauca Mig 山银花(华南忍冬)Lonicera dasystyla Rehd的干燥花蕾或带初开的花.我国金银花资源丰富,全国作金银花药用的有近30种不同植物.传统上以河南和山东金银花为金银花的地道产品.按其商品分类,主要为南银花(密银花)、东银花(济银花)、山银花(土银花).     

三七花及其易混淆品的微性状鉴别

目的:研究市售五加科植物三七(Panax notoginseng),人参(P.ginseng),西洋参(P.quinquefolius)的干燥花序的微性状特征,为该类药材的微性状鉴别提供科学的理论依据。方法:利用中药微性状鉴定法对市场上销售的3种花序的不同部位运用电子目镜进行拍照,采用Photoshop CS6软件程序合成高清晰度微性状特征图片来对微性状特征进行鉴别研究,并对其表面微性状特征进行描述。最后归纳、总结出各药材的鉴别要点。结果:微性状鉴别较明显的区别点集中在总花梗、小花梗、雌蕊方面,其中三七花总花梗和小花梗表面有非腺毛,小花梗表面白色突起呈不规则排列,雌蕊柱头分开,并且含有棕黄色树脂道;人参花总花梗和小花梗表面无非腺毛,雌蕊柱头常不分开,含不明显的黄色树脂道;西洋参花总花梗和小花梗表面有非腺毛,小花梗表面白色突起呈规则排列,雌蕊柱头不分开,无明显树脂道。结论:通过微性状鉴别法,可以清楚地看出各部位的微性状特征,能有效的对三七花、人参花、西洋参花进行区别,为三七花的真伪鉴别及质量评价提供依据。     

中药材贯众原植物的考证

作者通过对古籍文献中记载的中药材贯众的形态特征、分布及生境等描述的考证,认为紫萁是中药材贯众的原植物,同时分析了古籍中对贯众的毒性、花果、附图、毛被和鳞片等不符合紫萁特征的描述的原因,并分析了出现其他几个主要药源植物的原因。建议将紫萁Osmunda japonica列为中药材贯众唯一的药源植物,与其他市场上常见的药源植物加以区分,对药性较好的绵马贯众和狗脊蕨单独开展药效和活性成分的研究。     

俄罗斯植物药的名称特点

俄国的植物药专著与医疗保健书籍记载的草药处方应用的植物药名称,具有来源清楚、药用部位明确、表明植物药特征、说明传统药用植物品种归属与植物药的传统功效等特点.其可为中药名称的规范化、探讨俄国植物药药用部位与中药的异同提供参考,为我国开发药用植物提供启示.     

In vitro screening on amyloid precursor protein modulation of plants used in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine for memory improvement

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The 15 herbs for the screening have been traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine or in Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of cognitive disorders clinically.

Aim of the study

Fifteen plant species were investigated for the inhibition of amyloid peptide (Aβ) production and modulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing.

Materials and methods

The selected plants were extracted successively with 70% ethyl alcohol and absolute alcohol concentrated with rotary evaporation then lyophilized. Using a mouse neuroblastoma cells expressing Swedish APP (N2a-SweAPP), MTT assay was performed to determine the toxicity concentration of each herbal extract. In order to evaluate the activity of ethanol extracts on Aβ inhibition, the N2a-SweAPP cells were treated with a high and low dosage of different extracts for 24 h, Aβs levels in the supernatant of conditioned media were assessed by ELISA. The most active extracts were then subjected to test the effect on APP modulation in N2a-SweAPP cells by determining their effect on sAPPα and sAPPβ through western blot analysis.

Results

Among the screened herbal extracts, only Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (root) and Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy. (leaves) showed profound inhibition of Aβ production. MTT assay demonstrated that the anti-Aβ effect of these extracts was not a sequential consequence of their cytotoxicity. The extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (root) could reduce Aβ production only through APP modulation, which was exhibited together with the up-regulation of sAPPα and down-regulation of sAPPβ.

Conclusion

The results show that extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (root) can lower Aβ generation by modulating APP processing in the N2a-SwedAPP cell line. These results corroborate the traditional use of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (root) for the treatment of cognitive disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD).     

膝关节骨性关节炎中医药治疗研究进展

目的：总结膝关节骨性关节炎中医药治疗研究概况。方法：通过对文献的整理、总结、分析,归纳膝关节骨性关节炎中医药治疗的研究进展。结果与结论：中医药治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的方法主要有中药内服疗法、中药外治疗法、推拿疗法、针灸疗法及针刀疗法、物理疗法、健康教育及运动疗法。     

中药饮片发展现状及质量管理中存在的问题与分析

中药饮片质量优劣是保障中医临床疗效的关键因子,也是保障民生安全用药的基本元素之一。但是,中药饮片的掺假使伪、农药残留、重金属超标等问题屡禁不止,这些问题正在严重影响着中药生产、经营、使用的良性发展,也为民生安全用药带来隐患。经研究保障饮片质量与完善质量体系、深入科学研究,加强行业自律等因素密切相关。同时,还应从源头、生产、经营及科研上对饮片进行系统监管,加强对"3G"的实施与执行,从根本上确保色、味、形具佳的中药饮片。     

Lonicera japonica Thunb.: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae), a widely used traditional Chinese medicine, was known as Jin Yin Hua (Chinese: ), Ren Dong and Japanese honeysuckle. It was taken to treat the exopathogenic wind-heat, epidemic febrile diseases, sores, carbuncles and some infectious diseases. At the same time, Lonicera japonica could be used as healthy food, cosmetics, ornamental groundcover, and so on.

Aim of the review

The present paper reviewed the ethnopharmacology, the biological activities, toxicology and phytochemistry of Lonicera japonica.

Materials and methods

Information on Lonicera japonica was gathered via the Internet (using Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Elsevier, ACS, Medline Plus, CNKI and Web of Science) and libraries. Additionally, information also was obtained from some local books and brilliant scholars on ethnopharmacology.

Results

More than 140 chemical compounds have been isolated, and the main compositions are essential oils, organic acids and flavones, etc. Lonicera japonica and its active principles possess wide pharmacological actions, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidative and hepatoprotective activities.

Conclusions

As an important traditional Chinese medicine, further studies on Lonicera japonica can lead to the development of new drugs and therapeutics for various diseases, and how to utilize it better should be paid more attentions.     

中药辨色论质理论与方法的传承创新

中药的色泽与品质关系密切,历代本草有对颜色质量评价的记载,现代研究也表明中药颜色与化学成分具有相关性.对古本草、现代文献、《中国药典》等进行查阅整理,将中药颜色与质量的关系从中药颜色的药性、临床药效和化学成分的相关性,颜色影响因素,辨色论质的历史渊源、研究进展、应用现状进行综述,以达到利用现代化方法更全面地认识中药色与...     

中药炮制学科及饮片产业的发展与创新

阐述中药炮制学科及饮片产业的发展与创新关键问题。通过多年来的科研工作的总结,结合当前中药炮制学科及饮片产业发展的需要,凝炼中药炮制学科及饮片产业发展与创新的关键问题。笔者认为中药炮制学科是一门以应用基础研究为主的学科,学科的发展与饮片产业的发展密切相关。中药炮制学科只有紧密与饮片产业相结合,为饮片产业的发展服务,解决饮片产业发展过程中的难点问题,学科才有可能发展,其研究成果才可能实现更好的转化。中药炮制学科及饮片产业的发展要求科研工作者不断创新,充分认识本领域研究的特殊性,坚持在传承基础上的创新。     

Effects of inhalable microparticle of flower of Lonicera japonica in a mouse model of COPD

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Flower of Lonicera japonica (FLJ) is a traditional herbal medicine widely used in East Asia as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative agent. The purpose of this study is to develop an inhalable powder formulation of FLJ and to evaluate its biological effects in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).