老年高血压病合并冠心病心率变异性分析

目的 探讨老年高血压病合并冠心病患者的自主神经活动特点。方法 对59例原发性高血压、54例冠心病和38例原发性高血压合并冠心病患者与34例健康老年人的心率变异性进行对比研究。结果 高血压组和冠心病组与对照组除高血压组的R－R间期标准差的平均数外，其余参数差异均有显著性（P＜0．05）；高血压合并冠心病组与对照组比较，参数差异极有显著性（P＜0．01）；但不同疾病组间比较，差异均无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论 高血压病和冠心病患者的自主神经活动受损，当高血压病合并冠心病时这种受损更加明显。其迷走神经张力降低、交感神经紧张性相对增高是导致老年患者心率变异性减低的主要原因。     

冠心病患者心率变异性研究

目的:探讨冠心病患者心率变异性(HRV)变化,为冠心病治疗提供参考。方法:选择经冠状动脉造影(CAG)确诊冠心病80例为观察组,另选择心电图、胸部X线检查等均正常健康者50例为对照组。两组均行动态心电图检查,记录两组R-R间期的标准差(SDNN)、R-R间期平均值的标准差(SDANN)、相邻R-R间期差的均方根(rMSSD)、相邻R-R间期差值超过50mm的N-N间期所占百分数(PNN50),以及低频功率(LF)、高频功率(HF)等HRV指标。结果:观察组SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD、PNN50、LF、HF等HRV指标,均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:冠心病患者HRV可反映自主神经调节功能下降。     

焦虑特质与心率变异性及心率的相关性

由中华医学会航空航天医学分会主办的全国第六次航空航天医学学术会议将于 2 0 0 2年 6月 2 6～2 9日在浙江宁波市召开。本次会议共收到应征论文 2 1 9篇 ,经专家评审组采用双向多重盲法 (作者与审者间双盲、审者间互盲 )审稿方式初选后 ,再集中会审 ,充分保证了公平、优质地录选稿件。最终录用 1 2 9篇 ,其中英语专题会交流 9篇 ,大会交流 1 7篇 ,专题会交流 1 0 3篇。现将这次会议入选论文以摘要形式在本刊预先发表。为了方便检索与学术交流 ,我们在每篇摘要前加了顺序编号 ,并标注了关键词 ;英语专题会交流论文摘要以中英文对照形式刊发 ;中文摘要加注了中国图书馆分类法分类号。     

老年冠心病患者24小时心率变异性分析

目的分析老年冠心病患者的24小时心率变异性,探讨老年冠心病人的自主神经损害状况。方法应用24小时动态心电图对204例老年冠心病患者的心率变异性进行分析并与同期行健康体检无冠心病史或体检结果排除了冠心病的109例非冠心病老年人进行对比研究,分析长程(24h)时域指标和长程频域指标,包括总体标准差(SDNN),均值标准差(SDANN),标准差均值(SDNNIndex),差值均方的平方根(rMSSD)和差值>50ms的百分比(PNN50)。结果老年冠心病组的长程时域指标和长程频域指标均有不同程度降低,与健康体检组比较,SDNN、总频谱、超低频和低频都有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论老年冠心病患者心率变异性降低,提示自主神经有一定损害。     

冠状动脉狭窄程度对冠心病患者心率变异性的影响

目的探讨冠心病患者冠状动脉病变狭窄程度对心率变异性(HRV)的影响及其临床意义。方法:将经冠状动脉造影证实冠状动脉管腔狭窄≥50%～70%定为中度狭窄组46例,>70%以上定为重度狭窄组41例,正常对照组38例,术前行24h动态心电图,计算HRV时域指标。结果:中、重度狭窄组HRV指标中SDNN、SDANN均显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01),重度狭窄组HRV指标中SDNN、SDANN显著低于中度狭窄组(P<0.01)。结论:冠心病患者HRV的降低与冠脉病变狭窄程度有关,提示HRV可作为预测冠心病严重程度和预后的重要指标。     

高血压患者心率变异性及心率减速力变化

目的探讨高血压患者心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)及心率减速力(deceleration capacity of heart rate,DC)变化。方法选取80例健康体检和64例高血压患者进行24 h动态心电图监测,分析比较2组的HRV时域指标:全部窦性心搏R-R间期标准差(standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals,SDNN)、R-R间期平均值的标准差(standard deviation of the average normal-to-normal intervals,SDANN)、相邻R-R间期差值的均方根(root mean square of successive differece,RMSSD)、相邻R-R间期差值>50 ms的百分比(proportion of number of pairs ofadjacent normal-to-normal intervals by more than 50 ms,PNN50)、三角指数和DC,探讨高血压患者HRV与DC的相关性,以及较健康体检者差异是否有统计学意义。结果高血压患者的SDNN、SDANN、三角指数、DC均较健康体检者减低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),RMSSD、PNN50差异无统计学意义。高血压组DC与SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD、PNN50均呈正相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论高血压患者HRV和DC减低,自主神经功能受损;高血压组DC与HRV时域指标呈正相关。     

心率变异性分析及其应用

Heart rate variability (HRV) has considerable potentials in assessing the role of autonomic nervous system fluctuations in healthy individuals and patients. This paper reviews the analytical methods of HRV and its application. HRV is a useful parameter for predicting cardiac risk after acute myocardial infarction, and an early warning sign of diabetes neuropath in clinical medicine. In space medical studies, HRV analysis have been used to assess changes in autonomic regulation after weightlessness or simulated weightlessness, evaluate tolerance in various stress test, study regulatory mechanisms of cardiovascular system, and assess the effect of countermeasure against weightlessness.     

急性轻中度缺氧条件下心率及收缩压变异性谱变化

目的：应用心率及收缩压变异性（HRV、SBPV）谱分析方法评价急性轻中度缺氧条件下心血管自主神经调节的变化。方法：10名健康男性青年分别吸入氧13．7％（相当于海拔3500m)和11％（相当于海拔5000m）两种氮－氧混合气各20min,将对照和缺氧条件下的HRV和SBPV谱变化进行对比分析。结果：在两种缺氧条件下,受试者均出现血压下降、心率增快反应,HRV谱总功率（TP）和高频成分（HF）功率均显著减小,低频成分（LF）功率与LF／HF功率比值无显著变化,SBPV谱LF功率显著增大,3名缺氧耐力不良受试者尤为明显。不同水平缺氧之间的数值比较差异均无显著性意义。结论：急性轻中度缺氧条件下,人副交感神经抑制,交感神经兴奋,联合应用HRV与SBPV谱分析方法可对心血管自主神经调节活动进行评定;但HRV的LF成分变化机理较为复杂。     

精神障碍的心率变异性研究进展

心率变异性（heart rate variability,HRV）检查是一种诊断及判断疾病预后技术,具有无创伤性、灵敏度高、可定量测量的优点,是判断自主神经功能的理想指标。目前已取得的研究成果认为,急性心肌梗死（acute myocardial infarction,AMI）后跟踪监测HRV,根据HRV恢复的快慢可对患者的死亡危险．陆进行评估。     

Impact of heart rate variability in patients with normal sinus rhythm on image quality in coronary magnetic angiography

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of heart rate variability on image quality in patients with suspected coronary artery disease during magnetic resonance coronary angiography (MRCA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The coronary images from 70 patients who underwent target-volume MRA were retrospectively analyzed. Two independent observers evaluated image quality using a score from 0 (nonvisible) to 4 (excellent quality). Images were grouped into good (score > 2) and poor image quality (score 0-2). Five parameters (effective scan duration, navigator efficiency, mean heart rate, acquisition window, and heart rate variability) were evaluated. RESULTS: In all, 56 of the 70 patients (80%) were scored as good and 14 as poor image quality. Only the navigator efficiency, heart rate variability, and acquisition window showed statistically significant for the prediction of image quality, with navigator efficiency being the strongest predictor. Subgroup analysis showed that patients with navigator efficiency >60% had good image quality independent of the heart rate variability. In patients with navigator efficiency < or =60%, heart rate variability is the only remaining significant parameter (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Navigator efficiency was the most important predictor of MRCA image quality. Heart rate variability is the most important predictor of image quality in patients with a navigator efficiency < or =60%.     

Correction for heart rate variability during 3D whole heart MR coronary angiography

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of a real-time adaptive trigger delay on image quality to correct for heart rate variability in 3D whole-heart coronary MR angiography (MRA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve healthy adults underwent 3D whole-heart coronary MRA with and without the use of an adaptive trigger delay. The moment of minimal coronary artery motion was visually determined on a high temporal resolution MRI. Throughout the scan performed without adaptive trigger delay, trigger delay was kept constant, whereas during the scan performed with adaptive trigger delay, trigger delay was continuously updated after each RR-interval using physiological modeling. Signal-to-noise, contrast-to-noise, vessel length, vessel sharpness, and subjective image quality were compared in a blinded manner. RESULTS: Vessel sharpness improved significantly for the middle segment of the right coronary artery (RCA) with the use of the adaptive trigger delay (52.3 +/- 7.1% versus 48.9 +/- 7.9%, P = 0.026). Subjective image quality was significantly better in the middle segments of the RCA and left anterior descending artery (LAD) when the scan was performed with adaptive trigger delay compared to constant trigger delay. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that the use of an adaptive trigger delay to correct for heart rate variability improves image quality mainly in the middle segments of the RCA and LAD.     

Correction for heart rate variability improves coronary magnetic resonance angiography

PURPOSE: To address degradation of coronary MR angiography (MRA) image quality due to heart rate variability (HRV)-associated variations in coronary artery position and motion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Free-breathing navigator-gated and -corrected coronary MRA using subject-specific trigger delays and acquisition windows was combined with a real-time HRV correction algorithm, such as commonly used in left ventricular wall motion studies. Ten healthy adults underwent free-breathing navigator-gated and -corrected coronary MRA with and without HRV correction. Signal-to-noise (SNR), contrast-to-noise (CNR), vessel length, diameter, sharpness, and subjective image quality (on a five-point scale) were compared in a blinded fashion. RESULTS: Vessel sharpness improved significantly for both the left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery systems (P = 0.016 and P = 0.015, respectively) with the use of HRV correction. Subjective image quality also improved significantly when HRV correction was used (P = 0.003). There were no significant differences with regard to SNR and CNR (P > 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary results suggest that HRV correction improves objective and subjective image quality in coronary MRA. Continued studies in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease are warranted to investigate the clinical impact of this technique.     

冠心病介入诊疗中透视与电影辐射剂量率对比分析

目的：研究冠心病患者介入诊疗中DSA设备显示的实时辐射剂量率,为医务人员合理控制辐射剂量提供依据。方法随机抽取2014年9月采用美国通用公司DSA机介入诊疗的冠心病患者30例,对术中DSA机由透视模式转换为电影模式时各自序列显示的辐射剂量率进行对比分析。结果透视辐射剂量率为18．5～212．0 mGy/min,均值为（114．7±42．1） mGy/min;电影辐射剂量率为216～1691 mGy/min,均值为（970．1±298．4） mGy/min。透视与电影辐射剂量率总体均值之比为1︰8．5。数字平板探测器面积越大,辐射剂量率均值越大,电影辐射剂量率均值较透视辐射剂量率均值增高趋势越明显;透视辐射剂量率均值较电影辐射剂量率均值低,差异显著。结论医务人员在冠心病介入诊疗中应合理选择 DSA 设备类型,密切观察动态实时显示的辐射剂量率,及时调整检查模式及可控参数,即刻评估可能致患者放射损伤的剂量水平,合理控制辐射剂量,以降低电离辐射对人体健康产生的辐射效应。     

曲美他嗪对慢性心力衰竭患者心功能及心率变异性的影响

目的探讨曲美他嗪对慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者心功能及心率变异性（HRV）的影响。方法将60例CHF患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例,对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用曲美他嗪治疗6个月,观察两组患者治疗前后NYHA分级、左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDd）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）、N末端原脑利钠肽（NT-pro-BNP）及6min步行距离（6-MWD）的变化,采用12导联同步1-IOLTER检测系统检查,测定HRV时域指标（SDNN、SDANNindex MSDD、PNN50）。结果6个月后,治疗组患者的心功能明显改善,LVEDd及NT—pro—BNP与对照组相比明显降低,LVEF及6-MWD与对照组相比明显增加,HRV参数明显好转。结论曲美他嗪可以改善CHF患者的心功能及HRV。     

糖尿病合并冠心病患者血脂检测结果比较

 目的 探讨血脂异常对糖尿病和冠心病患者的诊疗意义.方法 306例经冠脉造影后分为单纯糖尿病72例,冠心病81例,糖尿病合并冠心病60例,健康对照组94例,检测其血脂水平,并比较组间差异.结果 糖尿病患者血清HDL,Apo A1水平较对照组降低,而糖尿病合并冠心病组的HDL,Apo A1水平均低于对照组和糖尿病组,糖尿病组LDL,TG,Apo B水平较对照组增高,糖尿病合并冠心病组的LDL,TG,Apo B水平较对照组和糖尿病组高.结论 糖尿病合并冠心病患者血脂水平明显增高,应强化降脂治疗.     

超声评价冠心病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与冠状动脉粥样硬化的相关性

目的探讨冠心病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与冠状动脉粥样硬化的相关性。方法将150例临床上确诊为冠心病的患者依据冠状动脉造影检查结果分为三组:单支病变组58例,双支病变组50例,三支病变组42例,对三组患者进行颈动脉超声检查,观测颈动脉内一中膜厚度(IMT)、颈动脉斑块、颈总动脉内径等指标,并进行比较。分析它们与,冠状动脉病变支数之间的关联性。结果 150例冠心病患者中,双支病变组及三支病变组与单支病变组比较均有IMT增厚、Crouse积分较高及颈总动脉内径增宽(P<0.01)。结论颈动脉粥样硬化与冠状动脉粥样硬化有紧密的相关性,随着颈动脉硬化程度的增高,冠脉病变程度随之加重。     

急性心肌梗死患者心率变异性临床分析

对８４例急性心肌梗死患者进行心率变异性分析。应用２４ｈ磁带记录器。进行２４ｈＨｏｌｔｅｒ心电图记录，对记录磁带采用电子计算机分析，对急性心肌梗死的病变范围和程度及预后进行估计。     

肾功能不全对冠脉支架治疗老年冠心病患者预后的影响

目的探讨肾功能不全(RI)对冠脉支架治疗老年冠心病患者(CHD)预后的影响。方法选择在我院行冠状动脉支架治疗的老年CHD患者200例,根据患者的肾小球滤过率(eGFR)将患者分为中重度RI(A)组和正常或轻度RI(B)组,分析RI对冠脉支架治疗老年冠心病患者预后的影响。结果 A组术前用冠状动脉造影来评定冠状动脉狭窄程度的TIMI血流分级为0级者明显高于B组(χ2=13.928,P<0.05);A组TIMI血流分级为1级者0例,明显低于B组(χ2=5.407,P<0.05);两组TIMI血流分级为2级和3级的患者例数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组患者单支病变例数明显高于B组(χ2=12.990,P<0.05),3支及以上病变例数显著低于B组(χ2=11.216,P<0.05),双支病变例数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者病变类型比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。住院期间A组的MACE和心源性死亡的发生率明显高于B组(χ2=5.162、5.347,P<0.05),全因死亡和心肌梗死的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访1年期间两组患者的全因死亡、主要心脏(冠脉)不良事件(MACE)、心肌梗死和心源性死亡发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论中重度的RI对冠脉支架治疗老年冠心病患者预后的影响明显高于轻度RI或正常的患者,改善患者的肾功能有利于提高此类患者的预后。