谷胱甘肽S-转移酶M1、T1基因与子宫内膜异位症发病的关系

目的探讨新疆维吾尔族、汉族人群中谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(glutathione S-transferase, GST)M1、T1纯合缺失基因型(-/-)与子宫内膜异位症(内异症)发病的关系.方法采用PCR技术,分别对维吾尔族107例正常妇女(维族对照组)及41例内异症患者(维族内异症组)、汉族105例正常妇女(汉族对照组)及80例内异症患者(汉族内异症组)基因组DNA进行GSTM1、GSTT1基因分型.结果维族内异症组GSTM1(-/-)、GSTT1(-/-)基因型及两种基因同时缺失的基因型频率分别为51.2%、36.6%、24.4%,维族对照组为53.2%、29.9%、13.1%,两组比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05).汉族内异症组与汉族对照组GSTM1(-/-)基因型频率分别为56.8%、51.8%,两组比较,差异也无显著性(P>0.05);而GSTT1(-/-)基因型频率分别为73.7%、44.3%,两组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05);汉族内异症组、汉族对照组两种基因同时缺失的基因型频率为42.5%、22.8%,两组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05).维族与汉族比较,对照组GSTM1(-/-)、GSTT1(-/-)基因型及两种基因同时缺失的基因型比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05);内异症组GSTM1(-/-)、两种基因同时缺失的基因型比较,差异也无显著性(P>0.05);GSTT1(-/-)基因型分别为36.6%、73.7%,差异有显著性(P<0.05).结论 GSTM1(-/-)基因型与种族内异症发病无关,GSTT1(-/-)基因型与汉族内异症发病有关,而与维族内异症发病无关;两个民族内异症的发病,可能存在不同的遗传易感因素.     

汉、维族子宫内膜异位症与雌激素受体基因多态性的关系

目的:观察雌激素受体(ER)基因多态性在新疆维吾尔族(维族)及汉族妇女中的分布及其与子宫内膜异位症(内异症)的关系。方法:应用PCR-RFLP技术,分别检测107名维吾尔族健康妇女(维族对照组)及65例内异症患者(维族内异症组),105名汉族健康妇女(汉族对照组)及85例内异症患者(汉族内异症组)的ER基因XbaⅠ和PvuⅡ酶切多态性。结果:ER基因型频率分布符合Harey-weinberg平衡定律。XbaI酶切多态性基因型频率,等位基因频率分别在维、汉族内异症组及对照组比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。但PvuⅡ酶切多态性基因型频率,等位基因频率在维族内异症组与对照组间比较,差异均有显著性(P<0.05),在汉族内异症组与对照组之间比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。维、汉族的内异症组和对照组比较,两内异症组的PvuII多态性和两对照组的XbaI多态性差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:ER XbaⅠ酶切多态性与维、汉族内异症发病均无关,而PvuⅡ酶切多态性与维族内异症发病有关,与汉族无关。维、汉族内异症发病可能存在不同的遗传易感因素,PvuⅡ基因多态性可能是维族妇女子宫内膜异位症发病的危险因素之一。     

CYP1A1基因MspI位点和SULT1A1基因Arg213His位点多态性与子宫肌瘤的关联性研究

目的 探讨细胞色素P450 (cytochrome P450, CYP)1A1 基因MspⅠ位点和硫酸氨基转移酶(sulfotransferase, SULT) 1A1 基因 Arg213His位点多态性与鲁北地区汉族女性子宫肌瘤的关系。 方法 采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测123例子宫肌瘤患者和123例健康对照组的CYP1A1 基因 MspⅠ位点的基因型和SULT1A1 基因 Arg213His位点的基因型,分析基因多态性与子宫肌瘤的关系。 结果 子宫肌瘤组CYP1A1基因MspⅠ位点的基因型与对照组中的分布比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.927); 而子宫肌瘤组SULT1A1 基因Arg213His位点的基因型与对照组中的分布比较,差异有统计学意义( P=0.011)。CYP1A1基因MspI位点和SULT1A1基因Arg213His位点多态性在子宫肌瘤的发生过程中的交互作用比较,差异有统计学意义( P=0.024 )。 结论 CYP1A1 基因MspⅠ位点多态性与鲁北地区汉族女性子宫肌瘤的易感性无显著相关;SULT1A1 基因Arg213His位点多态性与鲁北地区汉族女性子宫肌瘤的发生有关,并增加了子宫肌瘤的患病风险;CYP1A1基因MspI位点和SULT1A1基因Arg213His位点多态性在子宫肌瘤的发生过程中具有交互作用。     

雌激素代谢酶CYP1A1及COMT基因多态性与子宫肌瘤相关性研究

目的:探讨雌激素代谢酶CYP1A1和COMT基因多态性与子宫肌瘤发生的关系。方法:应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)技术,对100例子宫肌瘤患者和100例对照组人群CYP1A1基因Msp I位点多态和COMT基因外显子4密码子158(G-A)多态性进行分析。结果:1两组均存在CYP1A1基因Msp I位点多态,但两组基因型TT、TC、CC频率和等位基因T、C频率的比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);2两组均存在COMT基因G-A多态,但两组基因型GG、GA、AA频率和等位基因G、A频率的比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:CYP1A1基因Msp I位点多态性和COMT基因外显子4密码子158(G-A)多态性与子宫肌瘤发病风险无相关性。     

CYP1A1基因多态性与子宫内膜腺癌发生的关系研究

目的研究细胞色素P4501A1(CYP1A1)基因MspI位点和Ile-Val位点多态性与子宫内膜腺癌发生的关系。方法以病例-对照研究,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)方法和等位基因特异性PCR(AS-PCR)技术检测84例子宫内膜腺癌患者和66例对照者CYP1A1基因MspI位点和Ile-Val位点的多态性。结果Ile-Val三种多态基因型在对照组和子宫内膜腺癌组中的分布在显著性差异(P<0.05),其中Ile/Val和Val/Val基因型在子宫内膜腺癌组中的分布频率明显高于对照组。与Ile/Ile基因型相比,Ile/Val基因型个体发生子宫内膜腺癌的相对危险度(OR)是2.682,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而MspI位点的多态性在对照组和子宫内膜腺癌组中的分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论CYP1A1基因第7外显子的Ile/Val基因型与子宫内膜腺癌的发生有关,可以作为子宫内膜腺癌易感人群筛查的重要指标,MspI位点多态性与子宫内膜腺癌的发生无相关性。     

GSTM1、CYP2E1基因多态性与新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈癌及癌前病变关联性的研究

目的:探讨谷胱甘肽硫转移酶基因GSTM1和细胞色素氧化酶P4502E1(CYP2E1)的基因多态性与新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈癌前病变与癌的关联性。方法:用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法及聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法为21例浸润性宫颈癌(ICC)、41例宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)及45例慢性宫颈炎标本进行GSTM1和CYP2E1RsaⅠ位点基因分型。结果:ICC组和CIN组的GSTM1空白基因型频率明显高于慢性宫颈炎组(对照组),差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.56,P<0.05;χ2=13.30,P<0.05),携带GSTM1(-)的个体患宫颈癌的危险性比携带GSTM1(+)的个体升高3.47倍(OR=4.47,95%CI=1.5～13.0),患CIN的危险性升高4.30倍(OR=5.30,95%CI=2.2～13.0)。CYP2E1基因RsaⅠ位点多态在3组的频率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.28,P>0.05)。联合分析3组病例CYP2E1基因RsaⅠ多态性和GSTM1基因多态性,未发现两者之间的交互作用与ICC及CIN易感性有关(χ2=4.47,P>0.05)。结论:GSTM1基因空白型可能与维吾尔族宫颈癌及癌前病变风险增加有关,CYP2E1基因RsaⅠ多态性与宫颈癌及癌前病变无关。     

CYP1A1基因多态性与子宫内膜癌易感性关系的研究

目的:研究细胞色素P4501A1(CYP1A1)基因MspⅠ位点多态性与子宫内膜癌发生的关系。方法:用PCR-RFLP法检测174例子宫内膜腺癌患者和114例对照者CYP1A1基因MspI位点多态性。结果:合并杂合型T/C和突变型C/C后与野生型T/T比较,两组差异有统计学意义(P=0.047,OR=1.635)。在绝经年龄<50岁的病例组,T和C等位基因频率与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P=0.032);初潮年龄≤14岁,等位基因频率在两组中差异有统计学意义(P=0.036);经BMI分层分析,未发现MspI多态性与子宫内膜癌有关。结论:CYP1A1基因MspI多态中突变等位基因C可显著增加子宫内膜癌的发病风险,且绝经年龄越早、初潮年龄越早携带等位基因C的个体越易感子宫内膜癌。     

TGF-β1基因多态性与广东地区子痫前期相关性研究

目的:探讨转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)基因4个位点-800G/A、-509C/T、+869T/C、+915G/C的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)及其构成的单体型与子痫前期(PE)的相关性。方法:随机选取2015年1月至12月于广州医科大学附属第三医院住院的广东地区汉族孕妇176例,其中PE患者88例(PE组)、正常妊娠88例(对照组)。利用SNa Pshot技术对TGF-β1基因4个位点进行基因分型检测,分析PE组与对照组的TGF-β1 4个SNP基因型分布及等位基因频率的差异,并对+869T/C、-509C/T两个位点构建单体型分析。结果:(1)中国广东地区汉族妇女中存在TGF-β1+869T/C、-509C/T多态性,暂未发现-800G/A、+915G/C多态性。(2)PE组+869T/C位点CC基因型、C等位基因频率明显高于对照组(44.32%vs 27.27%,P=0.028,OR=1.935,95%CI为1.028~3.639;68.18%vs 56.25%,P=0.014,OR=1.667,95%CI为1.079~2.575),TT基因型和T等位基因则明显下降(5.68%vs 14.77%,P=0.040,OR=0.348,95%CI为0.118~1.021;31.82%vs 43.75%,P=0.014,OR=0.600,95%CI为0.388~0.927);两组CT基因型分布无明显差异(52.27%vs 57.95%,P=0.272)。(3)PE与对照组比较,-509C/T位点CC、CT、TT基因型分布无明显差异(14.77%vs 23.86%,P=0.090;47.73%vs 50.00%,P=0.440;37.50%vs 26.14%,P=0.072),而C等位基因明显下降(38.64%vs 48.86%,P=0.034,OR=0.659,95%CI为0.431~1.006),T等位基因明显升高(61.36%vs51.14%,P=0.034,OR=1.518,95%CI为0.994~2.318)。(4)单体型分析发现,由+869T/C、-509C/T两个位点构建的C-T单体型在PE组明显增加(62.79%vs 49.43%,P=0.008,OR=1.727,95%CI为1.125~2.651),而T-C单体型明显下降(31.40%vs42.33%,P=0.021,OR=0.618,95%CI为0.398~0.961)。结论:(1)TGF-β1基因+869T/C、-509C/T SNPs可能与中国广东地区汉族妇女PE发生有关,而暂未发现-800G/A、+915G/C多态性。(2)TGF-β1基因SNP+869T/CCC基因型、C等位基因,-509C/TT等位基因可能是广东汉族妇女PE的危险因素,而+869T/CTT基因型、T等位基因,-509C/TC等位基因可能是保护因素。(3)2个多态位点构成的C-T单体型可能是中国广东地区汉族妇女PE的危险因素,T-C单体型则是保护因素。     

转化生长因子β1基因多态性与广东地区汉族妊娠期糖尿病的相关性研究

目的:探讨转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)4个基因位点:-800G/A、-509C/T、+869T/C、+915G/C的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)及其构成的单体型与中国广东地区汉族女性妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发生风险的相关性。方法:回顾性分析2014年9月至2017年3月在广州医科大学附属第三医院产科产前检查并分娩的广东地区汉族女性240例(正常对照组120例,GDM组120例)。利用SNaPshot基因测序技术对各组TGF-β1的4个基因位点(-800G/A、-509C/T、+869T/C、+915G/C)进行基因分型检测,并对各个位点的基因型频率、等位基因频率及其构成的单体型与GDM的相关性进行比较分析。结果:①GDM组与正常对照组TGF-β1的+915 G/C、-800G/A 2个基因位点暂未发现SNP多态性,而-509C/T、+869T/C 2个基因位点存在多态性。②GDM组+869T/C位点的CC基因型、C等位基因频率明显高于正常对照组(55.83%vs 32.50%、75.42%vs 54.58%),而TT基因型和T等位基因明显低于正常对照组(5.00%vs 23.33%、24.58%vs 45.42%),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);进一步统计分析提示,CC基因型(OR 2.626,95CI 1.553～4.439)、C等位基因(OR 2.553,95%CI 1.731～3.764)可能是GDM的危险因素,TT基因型(OR 0.173,95%CI 0.069～0.435)、T等位基因(OR 0.392,95%CI 0.266～0.578)可能是GDM的保护因素。③GDM组与正常对照组-509C/T位点的CC、TT、CT基因型频率及C、T等位基因频率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。④单体型分析发现,与正常对照组比较,+869T/C、-509C/T 2个位点构建的C-T单体型在GDM组明显增加(65.83%vs 49.58%),而T-C和T-T单体型明显下降(19.58%vs 31.25%、5.00%vs 14.17%),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);进一步统计分析提示,C-T单体型可能是中国广东地区汉族女性GDM发生的危险因素(OR 1.959,95%CI 1.356～2.830),T-C单体型(OR 0.536,95%CI 0.352～0.815)、T-T单体型(OR 0.319,95%CI 0.161～0.632)可能是其保护因素。结论:GDM发病是多个基因共同作用的结果,TGF-β1+869T/C SNP位点和+869T/C、-509C/T两个SNP位点构成的C-T单体型、T-C单体型、T-T单体型可能和中国广东地区汉族女性GDM的遗传易感性有关。     

巨噬细胞移动抑制因子-173位点单核苷酸多态性与子宫内膜异位症关系的研究

目的:检测子宫内膜异位症患者和非子宫内膜异位症患者巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(MIF)-173位点单核苷酸多态性,探讨MIF-173位点G/C多态性与子宫内膜异位症遗传易感性的关系.方法:应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析技术,检测湖南汉族子宫内膜异位症患者70例(内异症组)及非子宫内膜异位症患者88例(对照组)MIF-173酶切位点单核苷酸多态性,并进行MIF基因分型.结果:①MIF-173位点GG,GC,CC基因型在内异症组和对照组中的分布频率分别为57.14%,25.72%,17.14%和72.73%,22.73%,4.54%,两组组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).②G、C等位基因频率在内异症组中的分布频率分别为70.00%,30.00%;在对照组中分别为84.09%,15.91%,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.003).③MIF-173CC基因型在内异症组中的分布频率(17.14%)明显高于对照组(4.54%)(OR=4.345,95%CI 1.335～14.140,P=0.009).结论:MIF-173位点单核苷酸多态性与湖南汉族人群子宫内膜异位症的遗传易感性相关,其CC基因型可能是其易感基因.     

Analysis of GSTM1, GSTT1, and CYP1A1 in idiopathic male infertility

Enzymes belonging to the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) families are involved in a 2-stage detoxification process of a wide range of environmental toxins and carcinogens. In order to investigate whether there is a genetic association of the biotransformation enzymes and idiopathic male fertility, we studied GSTT1, GSTM1, and CYP1A1*2A polymorphisms in 150 infertile men and 200 healthy men as controls from Northern Iran. Genotyping of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes were performed using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, the CYP1A1 polymorphism was determined using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes were present at frequencies of 0.61 and 0.34 in infertile cases, whereas in controls the frequencies were 0.33 and 0.17, respectively. Double-null genotype was found to be elevated among infertile men (odds ratio [OR] = 3.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.42-6.45; P < .0001). The frequency of TT, TC, and CC genotypes of CYP1A1 polymorphism in the controls were 42.5%, 45.5%, and 12%, respectively, while those in the infertile men were 38.7%, 48%, and 13.3%. The CYP1A1*2A did not display any association with male infertility. We observed an association between male infertility and the GSTM1 and GSTT1 null deletion, but not with the CYP1A1 polymorphism in North Iranian men with idiopathic infertility.     

CYP1A1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 polymorphisms and the risk of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions in a multiethnic population

OBJECTIVE: In this investigation, we explored the hypothesis that genetic polymorphisms in the cytochrome P4501A1 (T3801C) and glutathione S-transferase classes mu and theta (GSTM1 and GSTT1) gene deletions promote the development of cervical dysplasia by moderating the activation and detoxification of polycyclic hydrocarbons and other compounds that influence oxidative stress and DNA adduct formation. METHODS: A multiethnic, case-control study of 131 women with biopsy-confirmed cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) and 180 controls with cytologically normal cervical (Pap) smears was conducted between 1992 and 1996 in Honolulu, Hawaii. We collected in-person interviews, a blood sample to extract genomic DNA, and an exfoliated cervical cell sample to determine the presence and type of human papillomavirus (HPV) using PCR dot-blot hybridization. Genotyping for the CYP1A1 MspI allelic variant and deletion of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene loci followed a PCR method. RESULTS: Women who were homozygous, but not heterozygous, for the CYP1A1 MspI variant allele were at significantly increased risk of cervical SIL (odds ratio (OR) = 3.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.1-10.7) compared to women who were homozygous for the wild-type allele. Subjects with the GSTM1 null genotype had a nonsignificant elevated risk of cervical SIL (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 0.8-3.0) compared to women with the gene present. No difference in the risk of cervical disease was associated with the GSTT1 null genotype. The combination of the CYP1A1 homozygous variant and the GSTM1 null genotypes increased the odds ratio for cervical SIL to 5.1 (95% CI = 1.3-20.7). There was no evidence for an interaction between genotype and exposure to tobacco smoke, alcohol drinking, or HPV DNA positivity. CONCLUSIONS: These findings, although based on a small number of subjects, suggest that the CYP1A1 MspI polymorphism may be a susceptibility factor for early, premalignant changes in the cervical epithelium.     

The relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms in estrogen-metabolizing genes CYP1A1,CYP17,COMT and estrogen receptor alpha and the risk of endometrial adenocarcinoma among the Chinese women

<正>Objective:To explore whether polymorphisms of the genes responsible for catechol estrogen(CE)formation via estrogen biosynthesis(CYP17)and hydroxylation (CYP1A1)and CE inactivation(COMT)and ERa are associated with an elevated risk for en- dometrial adenocarcinoma in Chinese women.Methods:A multigenic case-control study was conducted,eighty-seven endometrial adenocarcinoma patients and ninety controls were recrui- ted.PCR-RFLP assays were used to determine the genotypes of estrogen-metabolizing genes and ERa gene.Results:The endometrial adenocarcinoma risk associated with individual susceptibili- ty genotypes varied among the six polymorphic sites and was the highest for CYP17,followed by CYP1 A1 Ile-Val,CYP1A1 MspI,COMT,ERa XhaI and ERa PvuII.Multivariate logistic regres- sion showed the CYP1A1 MspI genotype was the most significant determinant for endometrial adenocarcinoma development and was associated with a 3.61 fold increase in risk(95% confi- dence interval,1.73～7.55).Furthermore,a trend of increasing risk for developing endometrial adenocarcinoma was found in women harboring higher numbers of high-risk genotypes.Conclu- sion:The CYP1A1,CYP17 and ERa XbaI genotypes are related to the susceptibility of endome- trial adenocarcinoma,they may be useful markers for predicting endometrial adenocarcinoma susceptibility.The allele encoding for low acticity COMT,ERa PvuII may not be a genetic risk factor for endometrial adenocarcinoma.     

XRCC1 399*Arg-related genotype and allele,but not XRCC1 His107Arg,XRCC1 Trp194Arg,KCNQ2, AT1R,and hOGG1 polymorphisms,are associated with higher susceptibility of endometriosis

X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) and human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) play important roles in base excision repair. KCNQ genes comprising voltage-gated ion-channels related with cell stability. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) is related with angiogenesis, which influence endometriosis growth, invasion and regression. We aimed to investigate whether these polymorphisms were associated with endometriosis susceptibility. Women were divided []: endometriosis (n?=?136 []); non-endometriosis groups (n?=?112). XRCC1 (codon 107, 194, 399), hOGG1, KCNQ2, AT1R polymorphisms were amplified by PCR and detected by electrophoresis after restriction enzyme (RsaI, HpaII, MspI, Fnu4HI, Ava II, Dde I) digestions. Genotypes and allelic frequencies in both groups were compared. Proportions of XRCC1 Arg399Gln*GG/GA/AA and G/A allele between both groups were []: 41.9/53.7/4.4% and 68.8/31.2% []; 30.4/54.5/15.1% and 57.6/42.4% (p < 0.05). Other 5 polymorphisms (XRCC1 codon 107 and 194, hOGG1, KCNQ2, and AT1R) between both groups were non-significantly different. Proportions of XRCC1 107*AA/AG/GG and XRCC1 194*TT/TC/CC between both groups were []: 3.7/27.2/69.1% and 5.8/34.6/59.6% []; 2.6/21.4/75.8% and 11.6/37.5/50.9%. HOGG1*CC/CG/GG, KCNQ2*AA/AC/CCC and AT1R*AA/AC/CC were []: 14.8/42.6/42.6, 14/41.9/44.1 and 92.6/7.4/0% []; 11.6/50/38.4, 17/50/33 and 100/0/0%. We concluded that XRCC1 399 Arg-related genotype and allele are correlated with higher susceptibility to endometriosis, which suggested its association with endometriosis pathogenesis. XRCC1 107 and 194, hOGG1, KCNQ2, and AT1R are not associated with endometriosis susceptibility.     

Gene–gene-environment interactions of prenatal exposed to environmental tobacco smoke,CYP1A1 and GSTs polymorphisms on full-term low birth weight: relationship of maternal passive smoking,gene polymorphisms,and FT-LBW

Objective: To examine the interaction effects of prenatal exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and genotypes of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) on the risk of full-term low birth weight (FT-LBW).

Study design: We conducted a case-control study among pregnant women at two Women and Children’s Hospitals in Guangdong, China (n?=?910). Information was collected through interview, medical records review, and blood lab tests. Maternal selfreport and serum cotinine concentration were combined to define prenatal exposed to ETS. Logistic regression approach was applied for statistical analysis.

Results: Our results showed that regardless of genotypes, prenatal exposed to ETS significantly increased the risk of FT-LBW. Then, two-way interactions showed increased prevalence of FT-LBW in prenatal exposed to ETS mothers with the CYP1A1 variant genotype (MspI “CC”), or with GSTT1-null genotype. Furthermore, three-way interactions showed that women with CYP1A1 variant (MspI “TC” or BsrDI “AG”) genotypes and GSTT1 “null” genotype had higher risk to give birth of FT-LBW. Additionally, among nonexposed ETS mothers, genotype did not independently confer adverse effects on FT-LBW.

Conclusions: Our results revealed that prenatal exposed to ETS is independently associated with FT-LBW while gene polymorphisms of CYP1A1 and GSTs merely play modified roles in this process. This study extends understanding of three-way interaction, and stresses the need to tobacco control toward pregnant women for better pregnant outcomes.