Repose系统舌骨悬吊结合悬雍垂腭咽成形术手术治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征近期疗效观察

目的:探讨Repose系统舌骨悬吊术联合悬雍垂腭咽成形术治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的近期疗效。方法:12例重度OSAHS患者,经电子鼻咽喉镜检查结合Muiller试验检查确定存在腭咽及舌咽平面阻塞。然后先行Repose系统舌骨悬吊术,术后平均3 d行UPPP。结果:术后随访3个月,PSG复查,手术前后AHI及LSO2的变化均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。呼吸紊乱指数从69.28±6.50下降至19.77±9.23,LSaO2从(65.25±3.14)%上升至(90.17±2.86)%。手术未见严重并发症。结论:分期Repose系统舌骨悬吊术联合UPPP手术近期疗效是目前治疗腭咽及舌咽平面阻塞的重度OSAHS患者的一种有效的手术方案。     

改良颏舌肌前移术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）的外科治疗技术主要包括UPPP、颏舌肌前移、舌骨悬吊、上下颌骨前移术等。多数OSAHS患者存在腭咽、舌咽等多平面阻塞或塌陷。同期行UPPP、颏舌肌前移及舌骨悬吊术,可以解除腭咽、舌咽平面阻塞或塌陷,并可明显提高疗效。     

同期悬雍垂腭咽成形术联合颏前移舌骨悬吊术治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征

目的:探讨同期悬雍垂腭咽成形术(UPPP)联合颏前移舌骨悬吊术(GAHM)治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的疗效。方法:18例重度OSAHS患者,经电子鼻咽喉镜检查结合M櫣ller试验、头影测量分析及上气道CT检查确定存在腭咽及舌咽平面阻塞。均于术前先行经鼻持续正压通气治疗5～7d,然后同期行UPPP联合GAHM手术。采用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验分析手术前后各相关参数的变化。结果:术后随访6～24个月,除体质指数外,手术前后各相关测量值的变化均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。呼吸紊乱指数从63.83±16.34下降到21.43±20.34,LSaO2从(72.44±7.07)%上升至(81.33±13.32)%。按杭州会议标准,治愈1例,显效11例,有效3例,无效3例,总有效率为83.33%。未发生下前牙根尖损伤及下颌骨骨折等严重并发症。结论:UPPP联合GAHM是目前治疗腭咽及舌咽平面阻塞的重度OSAHS患者的一种有效的手术方案。     

多平面手术治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的疗效观察

目的探讨多平面手术治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的临床疗效。方法 32例患者经7 h以上多导睡眠图(PSG)监测确诊为重度OSAHS,采用Epworth嗜睡量表评估其嗜睡程度,Müller吸气检查评估腭后区和舌后区狭窄程度,舌部大小采用Friedman舌位置分级法。所有患者行改良悬雍垂腭咽成形术(UPPP)加等离子射频舌根减融术(tongue base radiofrequency,TBRF)。结果所有患者术后随访6个月,其Epworth嗜睡程度评分从术前14.2±3.1下降至3.3±2.3(P<0.01);AHI由术前57.1±5.3下降至23.4±4.5(P<0.01);LSpO2由术前71.3±4.6上升至88.1±5.5,总有效率为81.3%(26/32)。结论 UPPP联合等离子射频舌根减融术的多平面手术治疗重度OSAHS有良好的近期效果,等离子射频舌根部减融术可以较好的提高UPPP疗效,具有安全、微创、简便易行等优点。     

同期鼻腔手术+悬雍垂腭咽成型术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征

目的 探讨同期鼻腔手术+悬雍垂腭咽成型术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的疗效情况。方法 对40例伴有鼻阻塞的OSAHS患者分A、B两组,Ａ组行鼻腔手术+悬雍垂腭咽成型术(UPPP),Ｂ组行悬雍垂腭咽成型术,术后6个月复查睡眠监测,比较术前术后呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)。结果 Ａ、Ｂ两组OSAHS患者术后AHI平均值均降低,Ａ组有效率较Ｂ组高。结论 同期鼻腔手术+悬雍垂腭咽成型术治疗鼻腔、咽腔双平面阻塞的OSAHS患者效果可靠,值得推广。     

舌骨悬吊术治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征34例

重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征 (OSAHS)患者往往存在多平面阻塞,腭 咽及舌 咽 平面是最常见、最主要的阻塞部位〔1〕,单纯行悬雍 垂腭咽成形术(UPPP)效果往往不理想。为此,我 院对34例重度OSAHS患者在全身麻醉下实施 UPPP手术的同时行舌骨悬吊术,疗效满意,现报 告如下。 1　资料与方法 1.1　临床资料 我院2000年9月～2003年3月收治重度 OSAHS患者34例,其中男32例,女2例;年龄32 ～55岁,平均44.2岁。病程6个月～20年。均有 睡眠时严重打鼾及呼吸暂停,诊断均符合杭州会议 标准〔2〕。每例患者术前均行清醒状态纤维喉镜下…     

舌体牵引与舌骨悬吊术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停-低通气综合征中的微创外科技术

由于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停-低通气综合征(OSAHS)常存在上气道多平面阻塞,单纯悬雍垂腭咽成形术(UPPP)治疗效果不十分理想。近年内,一种新的微创外科技术——针对舌源性上气道阻塞而设计的舌体牵引与舌骨悬吊术,已用于OSAHS的治疗,并取得了满意的疗效,可作为UPPP手术的补充治疗。     

同期UPPP联合舌根射频术治疗OSAHS

目的:探讨同期悬雍垂腭咽成形术(UPPP)联合舌根射频消融术治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的疗效。方法:对34例重度OSAHS患者行纤维喉镜检查并结合Müller试验,确定阻塞同时存在口咽及舌咽平面。同期先行UPPP,再将舌根行等离子低温射频消融术。于术后6个月、1年观察疗效。结果：术后舌根体积明显缩小,术后6个月、1年经多导睡眠监测(polysomnography,PSG) 复查AHI均明显低于术前(P<0.01),最低SaＯ2均明显高于术前(P<0.01)。按照杭州会议标准, 术后6个月总有效率为100.00%,术后1年总有效率为91.18%。结论:同期UPPP联合舌根射频消融术,治疗口咽及舌咽平面同时阻塞的重度OSAHS患者,是一种见效快且持久的治疗方案。     

Repose舌骨舌根悬吊联合腭咽成形术治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征

目的探讨Repose舌骨舌根悬吊术联合腭咽成形术(UPPP)治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的疗效。方法对28例重度OSAHS患者经鼻咽通气管、上气道CT、头颅定位侧位片、电子鼻咽喉镜结合Muller试验确定存在腭咽及舌咽平面阻塞。行R e p o s e系统舌骨和(或)舌根悬吊术+U P P P。结果术后随访6～12个月,复查上气道CT、多道睡眠图(PSG)监测,手术前后呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)及最低动脉血氧饱和度(lowest arterial oxygen saturation,LSaO2)的变化均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。AHI从术前(56.32±15.70)次/h下降至术后(18.67±8.56)次/h,LSaO2从术前(56.37±4.35)%上升至术后(86.03±11.24)%。按杭州会议标准,治愈6例,显效18例,无效4例,总有效率为85.7%。术后除1例发生大出血外,未见其他严重并发症。结论同时存在腭咽及舌咽平面阻塞的重度OSAHS患者,Repose系统舌骨和(或)舌根悬吊术联合UPPP是目前一种有效的外科手术方案。     

同期鼻咽手术对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征合并高血压患者血清8-异构前列腺素、锰超氧化物歧化酶水平的影响及临床意义

目的　探讨同期鼻腔扩容联合改良悬雍垂腭咽成形术（Han-UPPP,H-UPPP）治疗合并高血压的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者血清8-异构前列腺素（8-iso-PG）、锰超氧化物歧化酶（MnSOD）水平的影响及临床意义。方法　对阻塞平面同时位于鼻腔、腭咽平面的合并高血压的OSAHS患者同期实施鼻腔扩容、H-UPPP手术。全面分析呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、最低血氧饱和度（LSaO2）、Epworth嗜睡量表（ESS）评分、血压及血清8-iso-PG、MnSOD改善情况。短期随访6个月、长期随访1年。结果　患者ESS评分、AHI、LSaO2、8-iso-PG、MnSOD、收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压,术后6个月、术后1年分别与术前比较,术后6个月、术后1年分别与术前差值之间的比较均有显著性差异（P＜0.05）。结论　针对阻塞平面位于鼻腔、腭咽平面的合并高血压OSAHS患者同期实施鼻腔扩容联合H-UPPP手术治疗,能明显改善血清中8-Isoprostane、MnSOD水平,缓解机体的氧化应激反应,改善OSAHS相关性高血压,但远期疗效下降明显。     

Comparison of the Goode T-tube with the Armstrong tube in children with chronic otitis media with effusion

Treatment of otitis media with effusion is focused on reaeration of the middle ear cavity. In achieving long-term aeration, the insertion of ventilation tubes that have a long duration of stay can be beneficial. The results are presented of a trial in which the Goode T-tube was compared with the Armstrong tube. Fifteen children were treated between 1981 and 1986 with a T-tube in one ear and a conventional tube in the other. The results are different with regard to duration of stay in the tympanic membrane. Re-insertions were necessary in 47 per cent in the Armstrong group and in 20 per cent in the T-tube group. Otorrhoea occurred in 20 per cent of the Armstrong and 13 per cent of the T-tube intubated ears. A persistent perforation was present in 6 per cent of the ears in both groups. It is concluded that the Goode T-tube is indicated primarily in cases when long-term ventilation is needed.     

Management for the Children with Otitis Media with Effusion in the Tertiary Hospital

Objectives

Recently, new evidence-based recommendations have been introduced for diagnosing and managing otitis media with effusion (OME) in children. However, there are some difficulties to follow the general guidelines in the tertiary hospitals. The purpose is to evaluate the efficiency of antibiotics or antihistamines for treatment of children with OME in the tertiary hospital with a randomized prospective clinical study.

Methods

Eighty-four children with OME who had been diagnosed in the tertiary hospital were randomized to receive 5 different medications for 2 weeks. We prescribed antibiotics (amoxicillin-clavulanate syrup) in Group I (n=16), antibiotics/steroids (prednisolone) in Group II (n=18), antibiotics/antihistamines (ebastine) in Group III (n=15), antibiotics/steroids/antihistamines in Group IV (n=17), and mucolytics (ivy leaf extract) in Group V (n=17) for control. We followed-up children every 2 weeks and evaluated the state of OME at 3 months.

Results

Thirty six (42.9%) of 84 children were resolved within average 6.9 weeks after the treatments. Thirty-six (42.9%) were treated with ventilation tube insertion and 12 patients (14.3%) were observed. There was no difference in the resolution rates of OME among the five different protocols (P>0.05). There was no difference in the resolution rates among groups who used steroids, antihistamines, steroids and antihistamines, or other medications to manage 42 children with allergies (P>0.05).

Conclusion

In the tertiary hospital, the cure rate of children with OME was not as high as well-known, and antibiotics or anti-allergic medications were not more effective than control. We may, therefore, need any other guidelines which are different from the previous evidence-based recommendations, including early operation in the tertiary hospitals.     

The experience with the supervision and treatment of the patients presenting with external otitis

This clinical study was designed to estimate the efficacy and tolerability of the locally applied Pimafucort preparation for the treatment of diffuse otitis of bacterial and mycotic origin. The results of dynamic bacteriological investigation in conjunction with clinical observations give reason to recommend the local therapy as the sole treatment of uncomplicated forms of diffuse external otitis.