The Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Complaints among Women in Tijuana,Mexico: Sociodemographic and Occupational Risk Factors

Abstract

The authors interviewed an age- and occupation-stratified sample of 466 women, aged 18–40, from 12 Tijuana neighborhoods, about sociodemographic characteristics, work and reproductive history, and musculoskeletal complaints. A total of 29.8% reported experiencing aches or pain in the low back, 38.3% in the upper back, 26.4% in the neck/shoulders, 18.2% in the hand/wrist, and 28.3% in the legs in the preceding year. Both sociodemographic and occupational factors were associated with these complaints. Very low educational attainment, having substandard housing, being the head of household, and being a migrant were each associated with an increased prevalence of one or more musculoskeletal complaints. In general, working outside the home increased the risk of musculoskeletal complaints. Compared with women who had not worked in the preceding 30-month period, those working in the maquiladora had 40–90% higher risks of upper back, neck/shoulder, and hand/wrist pain. Compared with women working outside the maquiladora, maquiladora women workers had 20% higher risks of low back, upper back, and neck/shoulder complaints. More detailed studies of the incidences of musculoskeletal disorders and of specific etiologic risk factors within the maquiladora industry are warranted. Future studies should concurrently evaluate sociodemographic risk factors.     

Musculoskeletal complaints among Italian X-ray technologists

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints among X-ray technologists and to examine their relationship with physical and psychosocial factors. A cross-sectional study was performed in 2006 among 203 X-ray technologists working in 13 hospitals in the Apulia region of southern Italy. A questionnaire was used to collect data on personal characteristics, physical workload, psychosocial aspects, and the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms in the neck, shoulders, low back, hand/wrist and legs. Univariate analyses and multiple logistic regression analyses were then performed. The prevalence of complaints at any body site in the previous 12 months was 67%. Low back pain was the most commonly reported symptom (59.6%), followed by shoulder (21.2%), neck (19.7%), leg (13.8%) and hand/wrist pain (12.3%). Age was associated with low back pain, while high physical workload was associated with symptoms in the neck, low back and hand/wrist. High job demands were associated with neck and shoulder pain. Overall, our study suggests high prevalence rates of musculoskeletal complaints may exist among Italian X-ray technologists. Physical workload, psychosocial and individual factors appear to be important risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders within this occupational group.     

Gender differences in upper extremity musculoskeletal complaints in the working population

OBJECTIVES: This study analysed the association between gender and upper extremity musculoskeletal complaints, among the general working population and in various occupational groups. The hypothesis was tested whether the higher risk for women in the general working population for these complaints could partly be explained by differences in the distribution of men and women in occupations with different risks for the onset of upper extremity musculoskeletal complaints. METHODS: The data for this study came from cross-sectional questionnaire data from 16,874 employees categorised in 21 different occupational classes. Associations between gender and complaints of the upper extremities were analysed for the total study sample and for each occupational class separately. An adjustment was made for the variable 'occupational class' in the final model in order to study the impact of occupational gender segregation on gender differences in upper extremity complaints in the working population. RESULTS: In the total study sample, significantly higher risks of complaints of the neck, shoulder, elbow, and wrist among the women were observed. Within many occupational classes, women reported significantly higher risks than did men, in particular for complaints of the neck and shoulder. Adjustment for occupational class showed increased risks for female workers for complaints of the neck, shoulder, elbow, and wrist, hence, rejecting our hypothesis on occupational gender segregation as an explanation for the higher risks for upper extremity complaints among women in the general working population. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the presence of gender differences in upper extremity musculoskeletal complaints among the working population and in many occupational classes, with female workers having the higher risk. The results, however, do not lend support to a differential occupational exposure theory as an explanation for the higher risks for these complaints among women in the general working population. Careful consideration of gender influence in ergonomic epidemiological studies is recommended.     

Work-related musculoskeletal problems among women workers in the semiconductor industry in Peninsular Malaysia

A cross-sectional study to identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal problems and work-related risk factors was conducted among 906 women semiconductor workers. Highest prevalences were pain in the lower limbs, neck/shoulders, and upper back, and highest exposures were prolonged (> or = four hours per workshift) hand/wrist movement, standing, and lifting with hands. After logistic regression, lower-limb pain was significantly associated with standing, neck/shoulder pain with sitting and lifting, upper-back pain with climbing steps, low back pain with hand/wrist movement, and hand/wrist pain with lifting. Neck/shoulder pain was significantly higher for workers with shorter working durations, while lower-limb pain was significantly higher for workers with longer working durations. End-of-line assembly workers had significantly higher odds ratios for pain at all sites, while middle-of-line workers had higher odds ratios for pain in neck/shoulders and upper back, and wafer-fabrication workers had higher odds ratios for pain in low back and lower limbs.     

Gender differences in upper extremity musculoskeletal complaints in the working population

Objectives: This study analysed the association between gender and upper extremity musculoskeletal complaints, among the general working population and in various occupational groups. The hypothesis was tested whether the higher risk for women in the general working population for these complaints could partly be explained by differences in the distribution of men and women in occupations with different risks for the onset of upper extremity musculoskeletal complaints. Methods: The data for this study came from cross-sectional questionnaire data from 16,874 employees categorised in 21 different occupational classes. Associations between gender and complaints of the upper extremities were analysed for the total study sample and for each occupational class separately. An adjustment was made for the variable `occupational class' in the final model in order to study the impact of occupational gender segregation on gender differences in upper extremity complaints in the working population. Results: In the total study sample, significantly higher risks of complaints of the neck, shoulder, elbow, and wrist among the women were observed. Within many occupational classes, women reported significantly higher risks than did men, in particular for complaints of the neck and shoulder. Adjustment for occupational class showed increased risks for female workers for complaints of the neck, shoulder, elbow, and wrist, hence, rejecting our hypothesis on occupational gender segregation as an explanation for the higher risks for upper extremity complaints among women in the general working population. Conclusions: This study confirmed the presence of gender differences in upper extremity musculoskeletal complaints among the working population and in many occupational classes, with female workers having the higher risk. The results, however, do not lend support to a differential occupational exposure theory as an explanation for the higher risks for these complaints among women in the general working population. Careful consideration of gender influence in ergonomic epidemiological studies is recommended. Received: 16 February 2000 / Accepted: 10 June 2000     

Musculoskeletal Problems among VDU Workers in a Hong Kong Bank

A survey of musculoskeletal problems among visual display unit(VDU) users was carried out in a bank using a self-administeredquestionnaire. The prevalence of complaints in various bodyparts were: neck—31.4%, back 30.6%, shoulder—16.5%,hand and wrist—14.9% and arm—6.6%. Frequent usersof VDU had significantly more musculoskeletal problems in theneck and shoulder regions than infrequent users. Individualmusculoskeletal complaints were associated with various riskfactors including personal attributes, working posture, repetitivemovements and work station design. Back, neck and shoulder problemswere more related to unfavourable working postures, while arm,hand and wrist problems were more affected by repetitive movements.Some risk factors for musculoskeletal problems were specificallyrelated to the nature or design of VDU work. Modification otthe workstation design and improvement in work organizationshould be able to reduce the prevalence of these disorders.     

汽车装配工人工作相关肌肉骨骼损伤危险暴露水平及发病调查研究

[目的]评估汽车装配作业工人工作相关肌肉骨骼损伤（work-related musculoskeletal disorders,WMSDs）危险暴露水平,探讨WMSDs暴露危险与损伤之间的关系。[方法]采用英国快速暴露检查表（QEC）和北欧标准化肌肉骨骼症状调查问卷（NMQ）对1465名北方某汽车制造厂装配作业工人一般情况、暴露水平、WMSDs发生等情况进行流行病学调查。[结果]多数工人颈、背和肩（臂）3个部位的WMSDs处于高或极高暴露水平,不同工段作业工人风险暴露水平有差异。颈、背、肩（臂）和手（腕）4个部位WMSDs的发生率范围为4．98％～9．69％,WMSDs的发生率有随暴露水平的增加而增加的趋势。[结论]汽车装配作业工人存在WMSDs发生的暴露风险,不同身体部位和不同工段其暴露风险各有不同,颈、背、肩（臂）和手（腕）4个部位存在暴露水平-反应关系。     

广州市某啤酒制造厂工人颈肩背多部位肌肉骨骼疾患危险因素研究

目的调查啤酒制造厂工人多部位工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(work-related musculoskeletal disorders,WMSDs)的现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查方法,于2021年9月以广州市某啤酒制造厂的501名员工为研究对象,使用中文版《肌肉骨骼疾患调查问卷》调查WMSDs患病现状,应用多因素logistic回归方法分析颈、肩、背多部位WMSDs的危险因素。结果啤酒制造厂员工WMSDs总患病率达39.7%,其中各部位患病率较高的是颈部27.1%、肩部25.0%、下背部24.0%和上背部23.2%。工人单一部位WMSDs患病率为10.8%,多部位WMSDs患病率为28.9%,2个部位同时患病的比例是3.8%,3个部位同时患病的比例是4.4%,4个部位同时患病的比例是16.4%,5个及以上部位同时患病的比例为4.6%,其中颈、肩、上背、下背4个部位同时患病的比例为17.8%(89/501),上肢部位(肘部、手腕部)同时患病的比例为3.2%(16/501),下肢部位(腿部、膝部、踝部)同时患病的比例为2.2%(11/501)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:相对于总工龄<5年,总工龄5~9年、10~14年的员工罹患颈、肩、上背、下背多部位WMSDs的风险分别提高至2.781倍、3.480倍(P<0.05);以不舒服姿势工作罹患颈、肩、上背、下背多部位WMSDs的风险提高至2.343倍(P<0.05);大专及以上文化程度(相对于初中及以下)、每天从事同样工作是颈、肩、上背、下背多部位WMSDs的保护因素(OR=0.355、0.554,P<0.05)。结论啤酒制造行业WMSDs患病风险较高,以多部位WMSDs发病为主,其中以颈、肩、上背、下背多部位患病模式较为常见。啤酒制造行业可以通过避免不舒服作业姿势,重点关注工龄长、文化程度较低的员工,以降低工人多部位WMSDs的发病风险。     

Musculoskeletal complaints and psychosocial risk factors among Chinese hospital nurses

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal complaints represent a common occupational problem for health care workers throughout the world. Despite their sizeable numbers, however, few epidemiological studies have investigated musculoskeletal complaints among Chinese hospital nurses. Objective To assess the prevalence of, and risk factors for, musculoskeletal complaints among hospital nurses in mainland China. METHODS: A total of 282 female, registered nurses were surveyed (92% response rate) using a modified Chinese-language version of the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Body sites were divided into the neck, shoulder, upper back and lower back regions. RESULTS: The 12 month period-prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints at any of the four regions was 70%. The lower back was the most commonly reported body site (56%), followed by the neck (45%), shoulder (40%) and upper back (37%). High mental pressure, boring or tedious tasks and limited work support were identified as significant risk factors (adjusted odds ratios: 1.79-2.52). No correlations were found between manual handling or perceived physical exertion and increased reporting of musculoskeletal complaints. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that musculoskeletal complaints are prevalent among Chinese hospital nurses. The correlation with various psychosocial factors is also consistent with evidence from other countries.     

Fish processing work: the impact of two sex dependent exposure profiles on musculoskeletal health

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of work tasks, physical exposure, and psychosocial factors on the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in men and women, in a defined industrial setting. METHODS: 116 male and 206 female fish industry workers were compared with 129 men and 208 women with more varied work. Physical and psychosocial work load as well as musculoskeletal complaints were recorded by a questionnaire. A physical examination was performed and an observation method was used for work evaluation. 196 male and 322 female former fish processing workers received a postal questionnaire. RESULTS: The women workers in the fish industry had worse working conditions than the men for repetitiveness, constrained neck postures, and psychosocial work environment. They also had higher prevalences of complaints of the neck and shoulder (prevalence odds ratio (POR) 1.9; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.1 to 3.2), neck and shoulder and elbow and hand complaints (POR 2.9; 95% CI 1.8 to 4.7 and POR 2.8; 95% CI 1.6 to 4.7, respectively). The women more often than the men left the industry because of neck and upper limb complaints. Also, women in other work had a higher prevalence of complaints of the neck and shoulder (POR 2.3; 95% CI 1.1 to 5.1) than the men. The men in the fish processing industry had a higher prevalence of complaints of the neck and shoulder than the men in other work (POR 3.6; 95% CI 1.6 to 8.0). This difference was not shown up by the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: Despite superficially similar work, there were clear sex differences in physical exposure and psychosocial work environment. Work in the fish processing industry was associated with a high risk of neck and upper limb disorders in women, which was probably mainly due to their extremely repetitive work tasks; the corresponding men had less repetitive work and less disorders. Also, a healthy worker effect on neck and upper limb disorders was found. The advantage of a physical examination compared with a questionnaire is clearly shown.

 

     

Prognostic factors for musculoskeletal sickness absence and return to work among welders and metal workers

OBJECTIVES: To analyse factors that determine the occurrence of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal problems and the time it takes to return to work. METHODS: A longitudinal study with two year follow up was conducted among 283 male welders and metal workers. The survey started with a standardised interview on the occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints. 61 (22%) workers were lost to follow up. Data on sickness absence among 222 workers during the follow up were collected from absence records and self reports. Regression analysis based on proportional hazards models was applied to identify risk factors for the occurrence and duration of sickness absence due to various musculoskeletal complaints. RESULTS: During the follow up 51% of the workers attributed at least one period of sickness absence to musculoskeletal complaints which accounted for 44% of all work days lost. A history of back pain was not associated with sickness absence for back pain, partly because subjects with back pain were more likely to be lost to follow up. Neck or shoulder pain and pain of the upper extremities contributed significantly to neck or shoulder absence (relative risk (RR) 3.35; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.73 to 6.47) and to upper extremities absence (RR 2.29; 95% CI 1.17 to 4.46), respectively. Company and job title were also significant predictors for sickness absence due to these musculoskeletal complaints. Absence with musculoskeletal complaints was not associated with age, height, body mass index, smoking, and duration of employment. Return to work after neck or shoulder absence was worse among metal workers than welders (RR 2.12; 95% CI 1.08 to 4.17). Return to work after lower extremities absence was strongly influenced by visiting a physician (RR 11.31; 95% CI 2.94 to 43.46) and by musculoskeletal comorbidity (RR 2.81; 95% CI 1.18 to 6.73). CONCLUSIONS: Complaints of the neck or shoulder and upper extremities in the 12 months before the study were associated with sickness absence for these complaints during the follow up. Workers with absence due to pain from back, neck or shoulder, upper extremities, or lower extremities were at higher risk of subsequent sickness absence in the next year.

 

     

A Prospective Study of Neck,Shoulder, and Upper Back Pain Among Technical School Students Entering Working Life

PurposeThe aim of this prospective study was to relate the prevalence of neck, shoulder, and upper back pain to occupational and individual risk factors among a population of technical school students in their transition from school to working life. In addition, we wanted to assess the changes in pain prevalence during follow-up.MethodsA cohort consisting of 173 technical school students was followed up during a 3-year period, from their last year of school through their first years of working life. Data on self-reported neck, shoulder, and upper back pain and factors such as mechanical exposure, perceived stress, and physical activity in leisure time were collected.ResultsA high prevalence of pain in the neck, shoulder, and upper back among the technical school students was found. There were however few students reporting severe pain. Reporting pain at baseline gave over three times higher risk of reporting it at follow-up. A high level of physical activity outside working hours gave a lower risk of reporting neck, shoulder, and upper back pain at follow-up. High and moderate levels of mechanical exposure and high stress level were not found to be risk factors for pain after entering working life.ConclusionNeck, shoulder, and upper back pain are common among adolescents and may persist into working life. These results may give potential for preventive efforts at a young age. There is still much uncertainty about the factors leading to musculoskeletal pain, and more research is needed on this topic.     

Prevalence of upper extremity symptoms and possible risk factors in workers handling paper currency

The prevalence of upper extremity symptoms in the workforceis high, particularly in industries characterized by forceful,repetitive or awkward movements. A study was undertaken to assessthe prevalence of upper extremity symptoms in bank workers ina paper currency processing operation and to examine the roleof possible risk factors for these complaints. Thirty-nine workersof a total workforce of 47 were assessed with a questionnaireand physical examination. The questionnaire collected informationabout demographics, health status, symptom reporting, psychosocialwork stressors and other work exposure characteristics. Overall,59% of the workers reported having significant work-relatedupper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms in the preceding year,including 49% with neck and shoulder symptoms and 49% with armand wrist symptoms. In this study the key predictive factorfor upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms was psychologicaljob demands. The workers had similar ergonomic stressors (withlittle gradient of exposure) and therefore our results do notcontradict the importance of ergonomic factors in the developmentof upper extremity symptoms. However, the results do suggestthat within a group exposed to similar ergonomic stressors,psychological job demands may be an important factor associatedwith musculoskeletal symptoms.     

Prevalence and psychosocial risk factors of upper extremity musculoskeletal pain in industries of Taiwan: a nationwide study

Prevalence of upper extremity disorders and their associations with psychosocial factors in the workplace have received more attention recently. A national survey of cross-sectional design was performed to determine the prevalence rates of upper extremity disorders among different industries. Trained interviewers administered questionnaires to 17,669 workers and data on musculoskeletal complaints were obtained along with information on risk factors. Overall the 1-year prevalence of neck (14.8%), shoulder (16.6%), and hand (12.4%) disorders were higher than those of the upper back (7.1%) and elbow (8.3%) among those who sought medical treatment due to the complaint. Workers in construction and agriculture-related industries showed a higher prevalence of upper extremity disorders. After multiple logistic regression adjusted for age, education, and employment duration, we found job content, physical working condition, a harmonious interpersonal relationship at the workplace and organizational problems were significant determinants of upper extremity disorders in manufacturing and service industries. Male workers in manufacturing industries showed more concern about physical working conditions while female workers in public administration emphasized problems of job content and interpersonal relationships. We concluded that these factors were major job stressors contributing to musculoskeletal pain of the upper extremity.     

BRIEF和PLIBEL方法在评价航空搬运工人肌肉骨骼疾患中的应用

目的探讨民航搬运作业工人工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)的危险部位及工效学因素。方法应用BRIEF和PLIBEL方法,对北方某大型国际机场货运公司249名健康男性搬运工人的作业姿势、力量、持续时间和动作频率以及17个相关工效学问题进行现场调查与观测。结果机场搬运作业以手腕部WMSDs发生风险为最高,其次为背、肩和手肘部。不同作业发生风险的部位略有差异,行李分拣作业依次为手腕、背和肩部,工效学因素主要来自用力使用不便抓握的工具、无支撑站姿伴背部前屈与扭转、重复或持续性负荷提举和搬运等作业;舱外搬运作业依次为手腕、背、肩和右手肘,工效学因素主要来自用力使用不便抓握的工具、无支撑站姿伴背部前屈、重复或持续性负荷提举和搬运、受限空间等作业;舱口和舱内搬运作业依次为手腕和背部,工效学因素同舱外搬运作业类似。结论手腕、背、肩和手肘部为民航搬运作业WMSDs的主要危险部位,不同作业类别危险部位略有不同,工效学危险因素主要来自不良作业姿势、作业空间受限、工具重负荷以及劳动组织不合理等,机场搬运作业工人应加强对上述工效学危险因素的管理与控制,以预防WMSDs。     

心理因素及物理负荷对职业性肌肉骨骼疾患的影响分析

目的 探讨心理因素与物理负荷的交互作用及其对职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)的影响.方法 选取653名来源于电子行业流水线作业、缝纫行业、制造行业的工人及行政管理人员作为调查对象.采用改良的北欧国家肌肉骨骼疾患标准调查表调查肌肉骨骼疾患情况,心理社会状况调查采用工作内容量表(JCQ),进行流行病学横断面调查,并应用快速暴露检查法(QEC)问卷对其进行工效学的物理负荷评价.结果 不同暴露等级下,肩部、上背、下背、手/腕的肌肉骨骼疾患的年患病率的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),同时暴露在高的物理和心理负荷时,工作人员各部位的年患病率明显高于暴露在其他等级时的肌肉骨骼疾患的患病率.调整工龄、年龄、性别后,用logistics回归分析结果表明,在肩部、上背、下背和手/腕部的WMSDs影响中可能存在物理负荷和心理负荷的交互作用(P＜0.05).结论 高物理负荷下,不良心理因素对工人WMSDs的发生造成的影响远大于工人处于低物理负荷工作时,实施工效学干预不仅要从过度负荷,不良姿势,静态负荷等物理因素方面进行干预来降低WMSD的发生,也要关注心理因素方面的干预.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the interactive effect of job task and psychosocial factors on the outcomes of musculoskeletal disorders. Methods 653 workers from different type of manufacturing industries and administration office recruited in a cross-sectional epidemiological survey. The Quick Exposure Check (QEC) was applied to assess the ergonomic load of job task, Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) for identifying psychological characteristics, and Nordic Standardized Questionnaire for investigating outcomes of WMSDs.Results The prevalence of WMSD in shoulder, upper back, lower back and hand/wrist were significantly different under a variety of combined job task and psychosocial characteristics (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ). The more physical and psychological loads, the higher prevalence of WMSDs were revealed. By using multivariate analyses, a potential interactive effect was found in terms of the WMSDs symptoms in hand/wrist shoulder,upper back and lower back after adjusted by work year, age, and gender. Conclusions Higher physical load and greater psychosocial risk are more frequent self-reported symptoms of WMSDs than those of lower exposures. Ergonomic intervention strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of WMSDs should not only be focused on control of physical work factors but also psychosocial risks of relevance.     

A comparative analysis on musculoskeletal disorders between Greek and Dutch nursing personnel

Objective: To analyse cross-cultural differences between Greek and Dutch nursing personnel in association with the risk factors and occurrence and consequences (absenteeism and medical care seeking) of musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: This study was based on questionnaire surveys among 393 nurses and caregivers in nursing homes and homes for the elderly in The Netherlands and among 351 nurses in general hospitals in Athens, Greece. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse associations between physical and psychosocial workload, need for recovery, perceived general health and (1) the occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints in the past 12 months, (2) chronic complaints during at least 3 months, and (3) complaints which led to sickness absence and medical care seeking. Results: Greek nurses reported significantly more back complaints in the past 12 months (75 vs. 62%) than the Dutch workers, but chronicity (11 vs. 12%) and sickness absence (17 vs. 15%) of these complaints did not differ. Similar differences were observed for neck complaints but not for shoulder complaints. Most Greek nurses with back complaints visited a medical specialist (40%) while Dutch nurses and caregivers sought care through a general practitioner (33%). Multivariate analyses showed that in both countries strenuous back postures (ORs 1.9 and 1.9) and especially a moderate general health (ORs 4.3 and 2.9) were the significant risk factors for back pain. Conclusions: In both countries similar risk factors were associated with the occurrence of low-back pain. Cross-national differences were less important for the risk factors and musculoskeletal complaints than for the consequences of these complaints and for medical care seeking.     

社区医务人员职业性肌肉骨骼疾患发生情况及危险因素分析

目的了解社区卫生服务中心医务人员职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)发生及其危险因素。方法采用流行病学横断面调查方法,选择《北欧肌肉骨骼疾患问卷(改良版)》对广州市3家社区卫生服务中心145名医务人员的肌肉骨骼疾患及其影响因素进行调查。结果 WMSDs发生率最高的部位依次是颈部(393%)、肩部(324%)、下背部(200%)和上背部(172%);下背和手部WMSDs发生率医生最高,肘和下肢(腿、膝和踝部) WMSDs发生率以护士最高。颈部WMSDs危险因素是经常加班(OR=307),下背部WMSDs危险因素是背部弯曲(OR=1215)和颈部长时间保持同一姿势(OR=1437)。工作姿势舒适(OR=037)为肩部保护因素。结论社区卫生服务中心医务人员WMSDs不容忽视,不同岗位医务人员WMSDs发生部位略有差异。可通过合理安排加班、保持工作姿势舒适、减少长时间弯腰和避免颈部长时间保持同一姿势等措施预防和控制医务人员WMSDs的发生。     

Risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among nursing personnel in Greek hospitals

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationships between physical, psychosocial, and individual characteristics and different endpoints of musculoskeletal complaints of the lower back, neck and shoulders. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study a questionnaire survey was carried out among 351 nursing personnel (response 84%) in six general hospitals in Athens, Greece. A questionnaire was used on physical and psychosocial workload, need for recovery, perceived general health and (1) the occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints in the past 12 months, (2) chronic complaints during at least 3 months, and (3) complaints which led to sickness absence. In logistic regression analysis odds ratios (ORs) were estimated for all relevant risk factors. RESULTS: Self-reported factors of physical load were associated with the occurrence of back pain (OR=1.85), neck pain (OR=1.88), and shoulder pain (OR=1.87) but these factors were not associated with chronic complaints and musculoskeletal sickness absence. Physical load showed a trend with the number of musculoskeletal complaints with ORs of 2.47 and 4.13 for two and three musculoskeletal complaints, respectively. No consistent influence of psychosocial factors on complaints, chronicity, or sickness absence was observed. A perceived moderate general health was also a risk factor, and strongest associations were observed for sickness absence due to back pain (OR=2.03), neck pain (OR=8.31), and shoulder pain (OR=6.84). CONCLUSIONS: The handling of physical loads among nurses seems to put them at risk for the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders. The development of these complaints into chronic complaints and associated sickness absence is strongly determined by perceived general health and almost not associated with work-related physical and psychosocial risk factors. When the influence of work-related risk factors on musculoskeletal health is being investigated, the general health status of individual workers should be taken into account.     

广州市某造船厂工人颈部工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患影响因素分析

目的 调查广州市某造船厂工人工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(work-related musculoskeletal disorders,WMSDs)患病情况,探讨影响颈部WMSDs的主要因素.方法 以广州市某造船厂工作人员为研究对象,采用《北欧肌肉骨骼疾患问卷(修改版)》调查其WMSDs患病情况,运用多因素logistic回归...