肝硬化及消化性溃疡患者血浆中NPY水平变化的初步观察

应用放免法测定了28例胃溃疡,31例十二指肠溃疡以及30例肝硬化患者血浆中NPY的含量分别为:46.52±6.12ng/L、45.42±6.27ng/L、45.82±6.92ng/L均明显低于正常对照组(71.88±8.67ng/L)。结果提示:血浆中NFY的改变与上述疾病的发生、发展可能有着密切的关系。     

急性脑梗死患者血浆NPY水平变化

目的 :观察脑梗死 (ACI)急性期血浆神经肽Y(NPY)的变化及临床意义。方法 :采用放射免疫分析法检测 5 0例急性脑梗死 (CI)患者血浆神经肽Y(NPY)浓度 ,并以 30例健康人作为对照。结果 :ACI患者血浆中NPY含量为 431.0 3± 142 .0ng/L显著高于正常对照组 145 .1± 44 .1ng/L(P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :检测结果表明 ,NPY作为一种具有强烈收缩血管的神经多肽与急性脑梗死的发病机理有密切的关系     

肺瘤坏死因子和神经肽Y与急性心肌梗塞的关系

动态测定76例临床明确诊断的急性心肌梗塞患者和15例正常对照组肿瘤坏死因子和血浆神经肽Y的水平。结果显示,正常对照组NPY为93.3±10.6ng/L,急性心肌梗塞组在发病后1天NPY异常升高,为160.2±26.3ng/L,发病后第7天为121.3±24.7ng/L,均高于正常对照组(p<0.05);与NPY不同,正常对照组的TNF为0.97±0.38μg/L,在急性心肌梗塞发病后第1天升高至2.48±0.89μg/L(p<0.01),但发病后第3天降至1.12±0.37μg/L,已接近正常(p>0.05)。提示,TNF在急性心肌梗塞的发生中有重要作用,但与患者预后无直接关系;而血浆神经肽Y的水平不仅与急性心肌梗塞患者的发生有关,而且在急性心肌梗塞的病程和预后中有重要价值。     

足月新生儿脐静脉血瘦素和神经肽Y水平的研究

目的 :探讨足月新生儿脐静脉血瘦素和神经肽Y水平及其临床意义。方法 :采用放射免疫分析测定 1 0 0例足月新生儿脐静脉血瘦素和神经肽Y(NPY)浓度。结果 :足月新生儿脐静脉血瘦素水平 7 1 5±3 72 μg/L ,NPY水平为 1 1 2± 4 2 36ng/L ;女婴组瘦素水平为 9 35± 3 5 1 μg/L ,NPY为 1 38 2 9± 4 2 6 7ng/L ,均明显高于男婴组瘦素水平 (4 95± 2 1 8μg/L)和NPY水平 (85 85± 4 0 39ng/L) ,差异有显著性 (p<0 0 1 )。足月新生儿脐静脉血瘦素与新生儿出生体重、孕妇分娩前身高体重指数 (BMI)呈显著正相关关系 (r分别为 0 6 4 7、0 5 4 7,p<0 0 5 ) ;NPY水平与新生儿体重、孕妇分娩前BMI亦呈正相关 (r分别为 0 5 84 ,0 70 5 ,p <0 0 5 )。结论 :胎儿组织及胎盘产生的瘦素和NPY可能参与了妊娠期胎儿体重增长的调节     

溶血磷酯酸与急性心脑血管缺血性疾病的关系

目的探讨急性心脑血管缺血性疾病患者血浆中溶血磷酯酸(LPA)水平的变化。方法将脑梗死150例、短暂性脑缺血发作54例、急性心肌梗死56例、不稳定性心绞痛50例按临床诊断分为4组观察,测定治疗前及抗血小板活化、抗凝治疗后一周时血浆LPA值,并设立非急性血管缺血性疾病及健康体检者300例作为对照组,测定血浆中LPA。结果观察组4组患者血浆LPA水平均高于对照组(2.49±0.5)μmol/L,分别为(3.93±0.26)μmol/L、(4.09±0.52)μmol/L、(4.56±0.65)μmol/L、(3.62±0.16)μmol/L(P<0.01),经抗血小板抗凝治疗后4组患者血浆LPA明显降低,与治疗前对比(P<0.01)。结论作为体内凝血和血栓形成过程早期释放的分子标记物LPA,在急性心脑缺血等血栓相关性疾病早期的病情预测及指导合理应用抗血小板活化、抗凝治疗药物筛选方面可能有一定的应用前景。     

急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者血浆TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10和IL-13水平变化

目的：通过检测分析急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）和全身炎症反应综合征（SIRS）病人血浆促炎症细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）和抗炎细胞因子白细胞介素10（IL-10）、白细胞介素13（IL-13）水平的变化，探讨这些细胞因子在ARDS炎症发展机制中的作用。 方法： 选择临床诊断ARDS病例22例和SIRS 8例，以及正常对照10例，收集血样品，采用酶联免疫法（ELISA）检测TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10、IL-13蛋白含量。 结果： ARDS病人血浆TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10、IL-13含量分别为(629.30±187.00)ng/L、(261.10±71.30)ng/L、(458.10±111.93)ng/L、(5.21±2.02) ng/L，SIRS病人则分别为(206.10±85.90) ng/L、(141.40±41.50)ng/L、(259.60±54.34) ng/L、(1.69±0.39) ng/L，两者血浆细胞因子水平比较有显著差异(P<0.01)；但SIRS和ARDS病人的细胞因子水平均显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。 结论： TNFα、IL-6是SIRS和ARDS演变中的重要促炎细胞因子，抗炎细胞因子IL-10和IL-13的过度释放在促进炎症反应失控和ARDS发展中发挥一定作用。     

急性颅脑损伤早期C型利钠多肽的实验研究

目的 :探讨C -型利钠多肽 (CNP)在急性颅脑损伤早期的病理生理作用。方法 :用放免法测定了 2 9例急性颅脑损伤患者在损伤后 1天内、治疗后 3天、14天三种状态下血浆CNP含量。结果 :急性颅脑损伤后 1天内及治疗后 3天患者血浆CNP水平 (4 8± 4 0ng/L ,5 4± 4 3ng/L)较正常对照组 (15 5± 7 4ng/L)明显减少 (p <0 0 1) ,治疗后 14天血浆CNP含量 (15 7± 9 4ng/L)已上升至正常对照组水平 (p >0 0 5 )。结论 :观察CNP的含量变化对探讨急性颅脑损伤早期的病理生理机制、判断疗效及预测预后具有重要意义。     

孕酮及PAPP-A在先兆流产预测中的应用

目的 探讨孕酮及妊娠相关血浆蛋白A(PAPP-A)对先兆流产的预测价值.方法 分别测定96例先兆流产患者血清中孕酮及PAPP-A的含量.结果 患者组孕酮16.24±6.13 ng/ml明显低于正常妊娠组26.30±6.91 ng/ml(P＜0.05),患者组PAPP-A的含量为26.31±9.26IU/L与对照组结果相比32.1±11.2 IU/L具有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 孕酮及PAPP-A在对先兆流产的预测上有一定意义.     

颅脑损伤患者血浆NPY及CGRP检测的临床意义

目的探讨血浆神经肽Y（NPY）和降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）水平在不同程度颅脑外伤患者中的临床意义。方法采用放射免疫方法（RIA）对91例依据GCS评分法分为轻度、中度和重度的颅脑损伤患者及35例正常对照组的NPY、CGRP和ET-1水平进行检测。结果轻、中、重三组颅脑损伤患者血浆NPY水平分别为（119.6±20.3）ng/L、（127.8±25.5）ng/L和（146.2±30.5）ng/L,显著高于正常对照组（65.2±13.2）ng/L,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。轻、中度患者血浆CGRP含量分别为（54.3±5.6）ng/L、（57.5±7.4）ng/L,显著高于正常对照组（41.8±6.8）ng/L,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;而重度患者组的CGRP水平（44.6±5.3）ng/L与对照组（41.8±6.8）ng/L间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论血浆NPY及CGRP水平与不同程度颅脑损伤患者的病情密切相关,并对患者预后的判定具有一定的临床参考价值。     

乌拉地尔对老年高血压患者血浆心血管活性肽的影响

目的:观察老年高血压病患者血浆内皮素(ET)、降钙素基因相关肽(GCRP)、神经肽Y(NPY)、神经降压素(NT)含量变化,并观察乌拉地尔(URA)对其影响。方法:对老年高血压病患者(20例)用放射免疫分析方法测定血浆ET、CGRP、NPY、NT水平并以40例健康者作对照;同时观察高血压患者经URA0.4mg-0.6mg/kg治疗前后各指标变化。结果:老年高血压患者血浆ET、NPY水平显著高于健康对照(均P＜0.01)。结论:ET、CGRP、NPY、NT可能是参与高血压发病的体液因素。URA可明显提高高血压患者血浆CGRP、NT水平,有效拮抗NT、NPY的缩血管作用,对改善患者的血流动力学有重要作用。     

CELLULAR KINETIC AND PHENOTYPIC HETEROGENEITY IN AND AMONG BURKITT'S AND BURKITT-LIKE LYMPHOMAS

This study asks whether the known genotypic heterogeneity within and between endemic or sporadic Burkitt's lymphomas (eBLs and sBLs, n=10 each), and Burkitt-like lymphomas (BLLs, n-12), is reflected in divergent cytokinetics and related immunophenotypes. There was strong evidence that eBL and BLL grow markedly faster than sBL, as shown by differences in mitotic and apoptotic indices. Furthermore, in BLL, the median percentage of neoplastic cells immunoreactive for the bcl-2 protein was much higher than that observed in eBL and sBL. The reverse was true for the median fraction of cells containing c-myc protein. In eBL and sBL, the median fraction of bcl-6 protein-positive cells reached values above 50 per cent, while cells of 8/12 BLLs did not contain detectable amounts of this protein. This observation indicates that in this respect, eBL and sBL resemble normal germinal centres of lymphatic tissue much more than do BLL. Evidence for infection of neoplastic cells by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was observed in 9/10 cases of eBL and in 3/10 of sBL, but not in BLL. EBV-positive lymphomas were associated with distinctly lower apoptotic indices and smaller median percentages of bcl-6-positive cells than EBV-negative tumours. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

VIRAL AND CHEMICAL LEUKEMOGENESIS AND HOST CONDITIONING

To clarify the pathogenesis of murine leukemia of viral and chemical origin, it is necessary to consider certain fundamental observations on host conditioning factors which appear to be responsible for determining the type of leukemia developed and the age of leukemia occurrence. In this short survey the author will present the data of experiments in our laboratory dealing with Gross leukemia in mice and chemical-induced leukemia in mice and rats.     

PERSONALITY AND RESPIRATORY RESPONSES TO SOUND AND LIGHT

Respiratory amplitude (RA) and respiratory rate (RR) parameters were examined in student subjects (Ss) following stimulation with five intensities of sound and five intensities of light. All Ss completed the MMPI and were then divided into high and low ego strength (Es) groups on the basis of their scores on the Barron scale. These groups were balanced for alertness-drowsiness by EEG criteria. High Es Ss responded with a greater increase in RA than low Es Ss and there was a strong trend for high Es Ss to respond less than low Es Ss in RR. Both RA and RR increased following stimulation with the greatest changes following greater intensities of stimulation in both modalities. Light induced a greater increase in RA and RR than sound.     

正常胎儿,新生儿,婴儿食管及食管裂孔的测量观察

选用无消化道畸形的胎儿，新生儿、婴儿尸体４０例。固定后测量食管长度、生理性狭窄及扩张部横径、腹段食管、膈食管裂孔及胃食管角，在光镜下测量食管下端插约肌长度。研究提示：无论在胎儿、新生儿及婴儿均已存在上述结构，并有随年龄增长而增长趋势。     

人胎肺细胞增殖与凋亡及其与发育分化的关系

用原位核酸末端杂交和免疫细胞化学技术,分别观察28例16～32周人胎肺组织不同发育阶段的增殖与凋亡的表达特征。实验结果表明:支气管粘膜上皮细胞在胎肺发育的早、中期(即假腺期和小管期),细胞的凋亡与增殖均明显较晚期旺盛,而且两者均于胎肺发育的小管期达到最高峰;但凋亡与增殖细胞在不同发育时期各有不同的定位,提示细胞的凋亡与增殖行为在胎肺管腔发生及分支延伸过程中有不同作用。     

桡,尺动脉肌,皮支的解剖学研究

目的:为手外科提供桡、尺动脉分出的肌、皮支.材料和方法:用福尔马林常规固定的成尸上肢69(男61,女8)侧,解剖观测桡、尺动脉分支的部位、支数及外径.主要结果:从尺、桡动脉壁两侧发出分支,大部分为不对称性分支间距不等,平均(3.0～15.0)mm.桡动脉平均分出15.8支,其中肌支10.3支,筋膜皮支5.5支.尺动脉平均分出12.4支,其中肌支7.6支,筋膜皮支4.8支.结论:桡、尺动脉分出肌、皮支,皮支为前臂筋膜瓣、皮瓣的血管蒂.     

RACE AND COLOUR IN INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL REALITY

To understand the psychological origins and impact of racism, two assumptions are proposed. The first is that racism develops out of internal paranoid schizoid splits. The second relates to the manner in which these splits are organized. The history of racial exploitation provides powerful projection highways that can be used to maintain these internal splits. Reciprocal projective identification between internal and external white part-objects and internal and external black part-objects locates desirable aspects of the self in white objects and undesirable aspects in black objects. Some of the resulting complex defences and identifications are illustrated using case material.