葡萄膜炎并发小瞳孔白内障摘除及人工晶状植入术

目的：探讨葡萄膜炎并发小瞳孔白内障摘除及人工晶状植入术的疗效。方法：对24例（24只眼）葡萄膜炎并发的小瞳孔白内障患者，行巩膜隧道小切口囊外摘除，植入后房型人工晶状体。结果：术后视力≥0．5者20只眼（83．3％），≥0．3者3只眼（12．5％），术后瞳孔呈圆形，无明显并发症。结论：小瞳孔白内障行巩膜隧道小切口囊外摘除及人工晶状体植入，只要方法得当，有选择性手术，术后反应轻，视力恢复好。     

Fuchs综合征并白内障的人工晶状体植入

目的 评价Ｆｕｃｈｓ综合征工发白内障的手术方法。方法 对１１例Ｆｕｃｈｓ综合征并发白内障患者行白内障囊外摘出（ＥＣＣＥ）联合人工晶体状体（ＩＯＬ）植入术。结果 １１例患者白内障囊外摘出联合人工晶状体植入术后无严重手术并发症,不同程度葡萄膜炎易被控制,无眼压增高,术后平均随访１８ｍｏ,矫正视力０．４～１．２,０．５以上占８１．８％。结论 Ｆｕｃｈｓ综合征并发白内障的人工晶状体植入手术安全、疗效好。     

白内障术中后囊破裂的Ⅰ期后房型人工晶状体植入术

目的评价白内障囊外摘出术中后囊破裂行前段玻璃体切割联合Ⅰ期后房型人工晶状体植入的手术效果。方法对１４８０例白内障囊外摘出联合后房型人工晶状体植入术中４９例后囊破裂,行前段玻璃体切割联合Ⅰ期后房型人工晶状体植入的手术技巧、术后并发症和术后视力等进行分析。结果手术后囊破裂率为３．３％,７０％患者人工晶状体植入囊袋内,３０％患者为睫状沟,８９．９％患者出院时裸眼视力≥０．５。结论白内障囊外摘出术中后囊破裂,行前段玻璃体切割联合Ⅰ期后房型人工晶状体植入是安全有效的。     

Fuchs综合征并发白内障的人工晶状体植入

目的　评价 Fuchs综合征并发白内障的手术方法。方法　对 11例 Fuchs综合征并发白内障患者行白内障囊外摘出 (ECCE)联合人工晶状体 (IOL)植入术。结果　 11例患者白内障囊外摘出联合人工晶状体植入术后无严重手术并发症 ,不同程度葡萄膜炎易被控制 ,无眼压增高 ,术后平均随访 18m o,矫正视力 0 .4～ 1.2 ,0 .5以上占 81.8% .结论　Fuchs综合征并发白内障的人工晶状体植入手术安全、疗效好     

葡萄膜炎小瞳孔后粘连白内障人工晶状体植入术

目的 探讨葡萄膜炎并发白内障虹膜后粘连小瞳孔状态下的手术技巧、合理用药及疗效。方法 借助粘弹剂分离虹膜后粘连,并采用非切开的瞳孔扩攻忝型术及膜闭切除术,对32例（36眼）伴有虹膜后粘连且瞳孔不能放大的葡萄膜炎并发性白内障,行囊外摘出联合人工晶状体植入手术。结果 36眼术后28眼（77.8%）瞳孔恢复原状,8眼（22.2%）瞳孔呈欠规则的类圆型,术后3月矫正视力≥0.5者30眼（83.3％）,0.1－0.4者6眼（16.7％）。结论 虹膜后粘连小瞳孔状态下葡萄膜炎并发白内障囊外摘出联合人工晶状体植入可获得良好的视力和术后圆瞳孔而无严重并发症。     

手法小切口白内障术中后囊破裂原因与处理

目的 探讨手法小切口白内障囊外摘出（MSICS）术中晶状体后囊破裂的原因及处理方法。方法 回顾分析360眼手法小切口白内障囊外摘出联合后房型人工晶状体植入术的临床资料，对其中26眼术中后囊破裂的原因和处理进行探讨。结果 术中全部植入人工晶状体，术后矫正视力≥0．3者22眼（84．62％），无严重并发症。结论 晶状体后囊破裂为手法小切口白内障囊外摘出联合后房型人工晶状体植入术中最常见并发症，可发生于诸多步骤。谨慎操作，可降低其发生率；正确处理可以获得良好的手术效果。     

儿童外伤性白内障人工晶状体植入术临床观察

目的 研究儿童外伤性白内障后房型人工晶状体植入术对提高视力、恢复双眼单视功能和预防弱视的意义。方法 回顾本院收治３７例（３７眼）儿童外伤性白内障施行现代囊外摘出并后房型人工晶养体植入术的效果和并发症。随访１～３６月,平均１６月。结果 术后视力〉０．３者２２例,〉０．１者３３例。术后全部病例均有不同和蔼的葡萄膜炎反应。后囊浑浊１７例。结论 儿童外伤性白内障摘出及后房型人工晶状体植入术是目前恢复双眼单     

球内异物摘除联合外伤性白内障囊外摘出及人工晶状体植入术

目的探讨球内异物摘出联合白内障囊外摘出术及人工晶状体植入术的疗效和时机。方法对17例眼外伤病人作球内异物摘出和白内障囊外摘出及后房型人工晶状体植入术。结果17眼患者全部一次摘出球内鼻物和白内障囊外摘出及后房型人工晶状体植入，无严重术中及术后并发症．随访2～24mo，均获得良好的视力。结论对于球内异物并外伤性白内障患者，施行联合手术是一种安全有效的手术。     

糖尿病患者不同术式后房型人工晶状体植入术

目的评价糖尿病患者后房型人工晶状体植入术的手术时机及白内障囊外摘出（ＥＣＣＥ）与超声乳化白内障摘出（ＰＨＡＣＯ）两种不同术式植入后房型人工晶状体后的并发症和手术效果。方法随机选择近２年来糖尿病患者行白内障囊外摘出（２８眼）及超声乳化白内障搞出（２２眼）两种不同术式植入后房型人工晶状体后的４８例（５０眼）进行随访分析３～１９个月。结果４８例糖尿病患者包括术前空腹血糖高于正常者均安全完成手术。术后平均裸眼视力恢复３０． ５者为 ６０％,其中 ＰＨＡＣＯ组优于 ＥＣＣＥ组。术后主要并发症人工晶状体表面色素沉着、虹膜后粘连及黄斑囊样水肿发生率,ＰＨＡＣＯ组明显低于 ＥＣＣＥ组。结论只要把握好手术时机,尽量减少术后并发症,尤其是采用小切口超声乳化术,多数糖尿病患者可获得满意效果。     

小儿白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术的临床观察

目的 探讨小儿白内障人工晶状体植入术的最佳时机及并发症的防治。方法 对４８例（５２眼）４～１２岁的小儿白内障行白内障摘出及后房型人工晶状体植入术,其中外伤性白内障３６例（３６眼）,先天性白内障１２例（１６眼）,随访时间６～２４月。结果 术后葡萄膜炎及后囊增生明显较成为严重,术后视力０．１～０．５者２８眼占５３．８％,〉０．５者１６眼占３０．７％。结论 小儿白内障术后植入人工晶状体是脱残、脱盲的有效     

Soemmering's ring support for posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation during penetrating keratoplasty. Changing trends in bullous keratopathy.

BACKGROUND: Changing trends in cataract extractions have resulted in a new category of bullous keratopathy: corneal decompensation after complicated extracapsular cataract extraction. These cases of bullous keratopathy are associated with rupture of the posterior capsule, vitreous loss, and significant intraocular inflammation at the time of the original complicated extracapsular cataract extraction. METHODS: The authors reviewed 14 consecutive cases of penetrating keratoplasty for bullous keratopathy in which posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was supported by remnants of the posterior capsule and/or Soemmering's ring without suture fixation. All 14 patients had a history of complicated extracapsular cataract extraction with capsule rupture and vitreous loss. RESULTS: All 14 patients had clear, compact grafts without migration of the intraocular lens with a mean follow-up of 12.1 months. Vision improved in 93% of cases, and there was no significant worsening of glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS: Pseudophakic bullous keratopathy after traumatic extracapsular cataract extraction with an anterior chamber intraocular lens and aphakic bullous keratopathy after traumatic extracapsular cataract extraction are two relatively new clinical entities that present new intraocular lens management options. Bullous keratopathy after complicated extracapsular cataract extraction should be recognized as a distinct clinical entity. Intraocular lens implantation into the ciliary sulcus with Soemmering's ring and peripheral capsular support provide the advantages of a posterior chamber intraocular lens without the risk of iris or scleral sutures. The authors predict that bullous keratopathy associated with traumatic extracapsular cataract extraction will become one of the more common indications for penetrating keratoplasty.     

三联术在急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障治疗中的应用

目的 评价小切口白内障囊外摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者的安全性和有效性.方法 对29例（29眼）急性闭角型青光合并白内障患者,在眼压控制正常、稳定,皮质类固醇局部抗炎,葡萄膜炎症得到显著控制后,行小切口白内障囊外摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术,术后随访6～12个月.结果 术后眼压正常,视功能较术前有不同程度的改善.术中并发症有剪除周边虹膜时少量出血,术后并发症有角膜水肿（后弹力层皱褶）、葡萄膜炎、人工晶状体表面渗出膜等,无暴发性脉络膜出血、前房延缓形成、角膜失代偿、睫状环阻滞性青光眼等并发症发生.结论 急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者,在眼压正常、葡萄膜炎症控制后,行小切口白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术,对控制患眼眼压,减少术后前房延缓形成,角膜失代偿等并发症的发生,以及不同程度的保护和恢复视功能方面有积极的意义和较好的临床效果.本手术是安全和有效的,且费用低廉,尤其适合基层开展.     

青光眼白内障联合手术预置小梁切口的疗效

目的：探讨小切口白内障囊外摘出和后房型人工晶状体囊袋内植入联合预置小梁切口小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效。 方法：对21例青光眼合并白内障患者实施白内障囊外摘出和后房型人工晶状体囊袋内植入联合预置小梁切口小梁切除术,观察术后患者视力、眼压及并发症情况。 结果：所有患者术后眼压均降至正常范围内。术后视力均有不同程度的提高。术后1眼发生早期人工晶状体前膜,2眼暂时性角膜水肿。 结论：预置小梁切口和小切口白内障摘除及后房型人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除是安全、有效、经济的治疗方法,值得推广。     

晶状体内金属异物1例

我们报道1例45岁晶状体内残留铁片伴轻微前葡萄膜炎症状患者。局部使用睫状肌麻痹剂和皮质类固醇后视力改善。6mo后由于白内障形成,视力严重恶化。而晶状体囊外切除联合异物取出术联合后房型人工晶状体植入术后视力明显恢复。本研究说明白内障人工晶状体植入手术能使保守治疗无效的白内障所导致的低视力获得良好的视力。     

手术治疗糖尿病性白内障60眼临床分析

目的:分析小切口白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入术和超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术治疗糖尿病性白内障的疗效及并发症。方法:选择2006-01/2010-01确诊为糖尿病性白内障患者52例60眼,Ⅱ～Ⅲ级核47眼,采用超声乳化白内障吸除后房型人工晶状体植入术;Ⅳ～Ⅴ级核13眼,采用小切口白内障囊外摘出后房型人工晶状体植入术。结果:糖尿病患者52例60眼白内障术后视力均有不同程度的提高,其中50眼(83%)术后1wk裸眼视力≥0.4。术中术后主要并发症经处理对术后视力无影响。结论:对糖尿病性白内障患者采取恰当的术式,施行小切口白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入术或超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术疗效肯定。     

Phacoemulsification cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation in patients with uveitis

PURPOSE: This study reports outcomes of phacoemulsification cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation within the capsular bag in patients with uveitis. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 32 patients (39 eyes) with uveitis who underwent phacoemulsification cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation by two surgeons at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation from January 1990 to June 1998. Patients with less than 3 months of follow-up were excluded. RESULTS: Diagnoses of uveitis included idiopathic (15 eyes), sarcoidosis (10 eyes), pars planitis (four eyes), CMV retinitis (two eyes), Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (two eyes), syphilis (two eyes), and one eye each of tuberculosis, Crohn's disease, HLA-B27 associated, and acute retinal necrosis. Average follow-up was 20 months (range, 3 to 63 months). Best-corrected visual acuity improved in 37 eyes (95%). Average improvement was 4 +/- 3 Snellen acuity lines (range, 1 to 10 lines). Thirty-four eyes (87%) attained final visual acuity better than or equal to 20/40. Visual loss occurred in one eye (3%) with CMV retinitis. No improvement in visual acuity was seen in one eye (3%) that developed a retinal pigment epithelial detachment. Posterior capsule opacification occurred in 24 eyes (62%), 12 of which required Nd:YAG capsulotomy (31%). Other postoperative complications included recurrence of uveitis (41%), cystoid macular edema (33%), epiretinal membrane formation (15%), and posterior synechiae (8%). CONCLUSIONS: Phacoemulsification cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation is safe in patients with uveitis. The incidences of recurrence of uveitis, cystoid macular edema, epiretinal membrane, and posterior synechiae were lower than those reported previously for extracapsular cataract extraction.     

葡萄膜炎并发白内障的人工晶状体植入术

目的探讨葡萄膜炎并发白内障的手术方式和疗效。方法对28例（28眼）葡萄膜炎并发白内障行白内障摘出及人工晶状体植人术，观察其视力变化及术中、术后并发症。结果术后26眼（92．86％）视力较术前提高。其中〉0．5者10眼，0．3。0．5者10眼，0．1。0．2者6眼，〈0．1者2眼。结论葡萄膜炎并发白内障植人人工晶状体。效果可靠。     

白内障人工晶体植入术后迟发型急性前葡萄膜炎

目的 :探讨白内障术后迟发型急性前葡萄膜炎发生的病因及治疗方法。方法 :对 11例白内障囊外摘除联合后房型人工晶体植入术后迟发型急性前葡萄膜炎患者的发病时间、诱因、临床表现、皮质残留情况及治疗进行回顾性分析。结果 :发病时间一般发生在术后 3周左右 ;女性患者发病率明显低于男性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;以有糖尿病或关节炎的白内障患者、外伤性白内障或第二次施行白内随手术患者的发生率较高 ;散瞳检查 ,周边皮质残留检出率较高 ;对皮质类固醇治疗敏感。结论 :白内障术后迟发型急性前葡萄膜炎可能是由免疫复合物介导的变态反应引起 ,用皮质类固醇及早治疗可预防严重并发症的发生     

人工晶状体植入术后迟发性葡萄膜炎及t-PA治疗

目的 探讨白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术后迟发性葡萄膜炎的发病机制和tPA治疗效果。方法 回顾性分析12眼人工晶状体植入术后迟发性葡萄膜炎的临床资料。结果 人工晶状体植入术后迟发性葡萄膜炎的发生率为3．29％，经过t-PA 10μg前房内注射，5～10天前房内纤维蛋白完全吸收，视力恢复良好，无后遗症。随访9～12月，无1眼复发，视力稳定。结论 白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术后迟发性葡萄膜炎是由免疫复合物介导的急性葡萄膜炎症反应，前房内注射t-PA治疗白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术后迟发性葡萄膜炎是一种简单安全可靠的方法。     

Clinical aspects, follow-up and results of cataract extraction in uveitis]

Over a 5-year period, a consecutive series of 52 eyes in 46 patients with uveitis underwent extracapsular cataract extraction. Twenty-eight of these cases received a posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL). During an average follow-up of 25 months (range 7 to 58 months) 71% of eyes receiving an IOL achieved postoperatively a visual acuity of 0.5 or better; 54% of aphakic eyes reached this level. Persistent cystoid macular edema limited the visual improvement to 20/200 in 6 patients; none of the patients developed cystoid macular edema postoperatively on clinical observation. Intraocular hypertension occurred postoperatively in 12 eyes, but was limited to a 4-week postoperative period in 9 cases. YAG laser capsulotomy was performed in 2 eyes with opacification of the posterior lens capsule without any further complications. The results suggest that uveitis patients benefit from cataract extraction and in selected cases can tolerate IOL implantation without major complications.