芬太尼透皮贴剂在中度癌痛治疗中的临床观察

目的：观察芬太尼（多瑞吉）透皮贴剂在中度癌痛的治疗效果，探讨该贴剂使用的最佳时机、方法：选择98例成年癌痛患者，疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）为4-6分。芬太尼透皮贴剂从2．5mg剂型开始，每隔3天更换一次，用药时间为15天。治疗过程中观察患者的疼痛评分和药物的不良反应。结果：治疗前后的VAS比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01）；治疗过程中常见的不良反应为便秘、恶心、呕吐、头晕和嗜睡。结论：芬太尼透皮贴剂能安全用于中度癌痛患者的治疗，推荐使用时机为一、二阶梯镇痛药物常规剂量效果不满意且VAS评分为4～6分的癌痛患。     

国内芬太尼透皮贴剂与口服吗啡控释片治疗中重度癌痛临床随机对照试验的Meta分析

目的：通过Meta分析，探讨国内芬太尼透皮贴剂与口服吗啡控释片在癌痛治疗中的临床应用价值。方法：检索中国生物医学文献库（CBMdisc）、中国期刊全文数据库、维普数据库（VIP）等国内数据库已发表的相关文献，收集国内有关芬太尼透皮贴剂与口服吗啡控释片治疗癌痛的随机临床对照试验（randomized controlled trials，RCTs），由两位评价者分别按检索策略收集并按纳入标准入选资料，分析指标为疼痛缓解率和毒副反应发生率。结果：12个研究共911例患者纳入分析，芬太尼透皮贴剂与口服吗啡控释片的疼痛缓解率分别是87．32％和89．14％（P=0．79）；在不良反应方面，芬太尼透皮贴剂相比口服吗啡控释片便秘的发生率降低31％（P〈0．00001），恶心呕吐的发生率降低26％（P=0．0002），头晕嗜睡的发生率降低10％（P=0、02）。结论：芬太尼透皮贴剂和口服吗啡控释片治疗中重度癌痛的效果相近，但芬太尼透皮贴剂不良反应的发生率可能较低，临床医生应根据患者个体情况合理选用。     

芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗4492例癌痛的临床疗效分析

目的　探讨芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗癌痛的止痛疗效及安全性。方法　通过多中心开放性临床试验,对4492例癌痛患者接受芬太尼透皮贴剂止痛治疗的临床疗效进行观察。以数字评分法评估疼痛程度、生活质量及不良反应。结果　治疗前疼痛程度评分均值为7.37;治疗后第1,3,6,9,15,30天疼痛程度评分分别降低至4.04,2.98,2.52,2.19,1.85和1.61,疼痛程度显著减轻(P<0.01),总有效率为96.8%。使用芬太尼透皮贴剂的初始、第15天和第30天用药剂量均值分别为32.37μg/h、42.57μg/h和49.57μg/h (25～225μg/h),患者治疗后生活质量明显改善(P<0.01)。不良反应主要为便秘者占9.8%,恶心13.6%,头晕6.5%,呕吐3.9%,嗜睡2.0%,呼吸抑制0.2%。临床试验后,84.5%的患者选择继续使用芬太尼透皮贴剂。结论　芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗癌痛安全有效,满意度高。推荐芬太尼透皮贴剂作为中重度癌痛治疗的首选药之一。     

芬太尼透皮贴剂联合护理干预治疗中重度癌痛患者的临床疗效

目的探讨芬太尼透皮贴剂联合护理干预治疗中重度癌痛患者的临床效果。方法对2010年3月至2013年9月间收治的350例中重度癌痛患者的临床资料进行分析,在采用芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗基础上结合护理干预,评价实施效果。结果 350例患者完全缓解(CR)+部分缓解(PR)率为88.6%,不良反应均比较轻微,治疗后生活质量有明显改善,与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中重度癌痛患者采用芬太尼透皮贴剂联合护理干预治疗可有效缓解患者的疼痛,改善患者的临床症状。     

治疗肺癌晚期癌痛芬太尼透皮贴剂的疗效观察

目的 观察芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗肺癌癌痛的效果及其不良反应。方法 40例肺癌中、重度癌痛的患者，使用芬太尼透皮贴剂。采用多中心随机开放实验，初始剂量25μg／h或参照吗啡与贴剂折算表使用，每3天更换1次，并根据疼痛情况调整剂量，直至患者达到满意的镇痛。结果 疼痛中度以上缓解达到100％，其中完全缓解62．5％，明显缓解37．5％。芬太尼贴剂的主要不良反应为便秘、头晕、恶心、嗜睡、皮肤搔痒，未出现呼吸抑制等严重不良反应。结论 芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗肺癌晚期癌痛疗效可靠。     

芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗恶性肿瘤骨转移疼痛的临床观察

目的研究芬太尼透皮贴剂(多瑞吉)治疗恶性肿瘤骨转移所致骨痛的疗效、不良反应和生活质量改善程度.方法对30例恶性肿瘤骨转移中、重度骨痛患者使用芬太尼透皮贴剂,观察治疗前、后的疼痛强度,生活质量评分及用药后不良反应,加以归纳总结.结果芬太尼透皮贴剂使用后,疗效肯定,疼痛缓解率96.7%,其中完全缓解36.7%,明显缓解53.3%,中度缓解6.7%,癌痛患者生活质量明显提高,常见不良反应多见于头晕、恶心、呕吐、嗜睡、便秘等,但发生率低,程度较轻.结论芬太尼治疗恶性肿瘤骨转移所致骨痛,疗效显著,具有使用方便,疗效确定和不良反应低的特点,能安全、有效、简便的控制癌痛,改善生活质量,可做为口服阿片类药物的替代治疗,易被患者接受,值得临床进一步推广.     

芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗癌痛40例疗效观察

目的：观察芬太尼透皮贴剂(多瑞吉Durogesic)治疗中、重度癌痛患者的镇痛效果、生活质量的改善程度及其不良反应。方法：随机选择中、重度癌痛患者40例，给予芬太尼贴剂，观察治疗前后疼痛强度、生活质量评分和药物毒副反应。结果：总有效率97.5％，其中完全缓解21例(52.5％)，部分缓解18例(45％)，轻度缓解1例(2.5％)。不良反应有嗜睡、便秘、头昏、恶心、呕吐等。结论：芬太尼贴剂治疗中、重度癌痛疗效显著，使用方便、副作用小，值得临床推广应用。     

治疗肺癌晚期癌痛芬太尼透皮贴剂的疗效观察

目的　观察芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗肺癌癌痛的效果及其不良反应。方法　 40例肺癌中、重度癌痛的患者 ,使用芬太尼透皮贴剂。采用多中心随机开放实验 ,初始剂量 2 5 μg/h或参照吗啡与贴剂折算表使用 ,每 3天更换 1次 ,并根据疼痛情况调整剂量 ,直至患者达到满意的镇痛。结果　疼痛中度以上缓解达到 10 0 % ,其中完全缓解 62 5 % ,明显缓解 37 5 %。芬太尼贴剂的主要不良反应为便秘、头晕、恶心、嗜睡、皮肤搔痒 ,未出现呼吸抑制等严重不良反应。结论　芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗肺癌晚期癌痛疗效可靠     

芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗中重度癌痛72例疗效观察

  目的 观察芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗中、重度癌痛的效果。方法 对72例中、重度癌痛患者连续使用芬太尼透皮贴剂（2.5 ~ 12.5 μg／h）15 d以上作为观察对象。结果 完全缓解（CR）34例（47.22 %），部分缓解（PR）26例（36.11 %），轻度缓解（MR）8例（11.11 %），无效（NR）4例（5.56 %），有效率（CR+PR）83.33 %，疗效欠佳和无效的16.67 %。结论 芬太尼透皮贴剂可有效的缓解中、重度癌痛，从而改善患者生存质量。毒副反应轻微，不失为中、重度癌痛患者的首选。     

神经阻滞复合芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗中晚期癌痛18例报告

目的：观察神经阻滞复合芬太尼透皮贴剂在治疗中晚期癌痛中的疗效。方法：用神经阻滞液(0.5％利多卡因加0.125％布比卡因和维生素B(12)、强地松龙25mg)在痛点分布的神经干周围作阻滞，每点3ml5ml，一次总量不超过20ml；再用2.5醒芬太尼透皮贴剂贴于胸前，维持72小时。结果：治疗后Ⅵ峪评分同治疗前比较明显下降(P＜0.05)。结论：神经阻滞复合芬太尼透皮贴剂在治疗中晚期癌痛患者中，是一个较好的止痛方法。     

芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗中重度癌痛433例临床观察

目的:进一步评价芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗中、重度疼痛的疗效、安全性及对生活质量的影响,为临床合理用药提供参考资料.方法:采用多中心随机开放方法,对433例中、重度疼痛患者使用芬太尼透皮贴剂进行观察,芬太尼的初始剂量是2.5mg或参照吗啡芬太尼折算表计算,贴膜每3日更换1次,在使用期间根据疼痛情况进行剂量调整,直到患者无痛或基本无痛.结果:可评价患者336例,其癌痛缓解率100%,41.6%的患者第1次使用后未再进行剂量调整,57.3%的患者调整过1～3次.芬太尼的中位剂量7.5mg,其中92.9%患者在2.5～10mg之内.不良反应轻,主要为恶心、便秘、头晕、呕吐、嗜睡、排尿困难等.治疗后生活质量有明显改善.结论:芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗中、重度疼痛的疗效显著,使用方便,不良反应轻,能明显改善患者的生活质量,绝大多数患者的调整次数在3次以内,大多数患者的使用剂量在每3天2.5～10mg.     

芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗30例中度、重度癌痛

目的：研究芬太尼透皮贴剂用于癌痛患者的镇痛效果、不良反应及使用后患者生活质量的改善。方法：30例中度或重度癌痛的患者，使用芬太尼透皮贴剂。记录有后的疼痛强度、生活质量评分及用药后的不良反应，加以归纳总结。结果：芬太尼透皮贴剂使用后，全部患者均获中度以上缓解。其中安全缓解13例（43.33%)，明显缓解16例（53.33%），中度缓解1例（3.33%）。不良反应有恶心、呕吐、便秘、头晕及嗜睡等，但发生率较低，患者的生活质量均得到明显改善。结论：对于中度或重度癌痛的患者，使用芬太尼透皮贴剂，能安全、有效和简单的控制癌痛，改善生活质量且不良反应发生率较低。     

A case of long-term, high-dose transdermal fentanyl application for lung cancer pain

Transdermal fentanyl patch represents a new administration route for cancer pain relief. We reported here a successful experience with a high-dose of transdermal fentanyl for cancer pain therapy. A 71-year-old woman suffering from metastatic lung cancer to bone had already been treated with radiation at a different hospital. She suffered from severe lumbar pain upon admission to our hospital. During the past 15 months, she has been treated with 30 mg or more of transdermal fentanyl for cancer pain relief. No severe side effects were observed, and she experienced a better quality of life at home using this patch long-term.     

Inter- and intra-individual variability in transdermal fentanyl absorption in cancer pain patients

A transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) is recommended for use in chronic cancer pain, particularly in the advanced stages. The aim of this trial was to study intra- and interindividual variabilities in fentanyl transdermal absorption and investigate physiological and clinical parameters that can influence the absorption in patients treated using a TTS for moderate to severe cancer pain. The study group consisted of 108 patients (71 men and 37 women; mean age, 61.3 years) with chronic cancer pain. A total of 507 patches were analysed. The TTSs used to administer fentanyl were removed after a 72-h period. The amount of fentanyl remaining in the patches was determined using a high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet detection. Depending on the analgesic requirements of the patient, the dose of fentanyl administered by TTS ranged from 25 to 500 microg/h. The study period was 6 months. Large interindividual variability in the amount of remaining fentanyl in the patches occurred. For 58.1% of patches, absorption was 60 to 84%; for 33.2% of them, it was lower; and for 8.8%, it was higher than this range. The intra-individual variability ranged from 2.8 to 75.1%. The bioavailability of fentanyl was statistically different according to patient age. Patients >75 years of age absorbed 50% of the fentanyl during the selected 72-h period, whereas patients <65 years absorbed 66%. Moreover, there is a significant difference in the percentage of absorbed fentanyl according to the type of cancer. The absorption was higher in patients with breast or digestive cancer than in those with lung cancer. Hyperhidrosis, hypertrichosis and the localization of patches on the skin did not influence bioavailability. For the entire group, transdermal fentanyl treatment provided good to excellent pain relief in the majority of patients.     

Pain management in cancer patients

Cancer pain management is expected to become more important because of the growing number of cancer patients in the years to come. To improve cancer pain relief requires understanding and adequate application of the WHO three-step analgesic ladder. Selective cox-2 inhibitors have efficacy in decreasing side effects. Tramadol and a new type of transdermal fentanyl patch that provides 24-hour sustained release of fentanyl is commercially available to alleviate pain. New anti-seizure drugs such as Gabapentin and Pregabalin can be used for neuropathic pain and cancer pain as analgesic adjuvant drugs. They allow simple use than with palliative drugs so far. Palliation of cancer pain requires a multi-discipline approach for intensive management of symptoms.     

口服控释吗啡交替为芬太尼透皮贴剂的疗效分析

目的评价晚期癌痛患者由口服控释吗啡转换为芬太尼透皮贴剂止痛的疗效与不良反应。方法 40例口服控释吗啡镇痛不满意的晚期癌痛患者,交替为芬太尼透皮贴剂,吗啡与芬太尼贴剂的剂量换算比为100∶1。采用0～10视觉模拟评分法评价疼痛强度,评分降低≥2表示疼痛缓解有临床显著性差异;不良反应评估分为4级:无不良反应(0)、轻度(1)、中度(2)或重度(3)。结果药物交替后疼痛强度明显降低,转换前平均疼痛评分为5.7,转换后7 d降至3.4。发生至少一种不良反应的患者转换前为37例(92.5%),转换后降至25例(62.5%)。结论将口服控释吗啡交替为芬太尼透皮贴剂是一种安全有效的镇痛策略。     

A safe and effective method for converting patients from transdermal to intravenous fentanyl for the treatment of acute cancer-related pain

BACKGROUND: The delayed effects (12-16 hours) of transdermal fentanyl make dose titration difficult during acute exacerbations of cancer pain. Patients at the authors' institution routinely are switched from transdermal to intravenous (IV) fentanyl using a 1:1 (transdermal:IV) conversion during severe episodes of pain. METHODS: The authors evaluated nine consecutive hospitalized patients with cancer who had severe pain for up to 6 days following the conversion from transdermal to IV fentanyl. Pain intensity was rated using an 11-point (0-10) verbal numeric rating scale (NRS). All 9 patients initially reported their pain intensity with movement as >or= 8 during treatment with transdermal fentanyl. Eight patients initially reported their pain at rest as >or= 8. In each patient, all transdermal patches were removed, and a continuous infusion (CI) delivering IV fentanyl at the same hourly rate was initiated simultaneously. Demand boluses of IV fentanyl equivalent in dosage to 50-100% of the CI rate remained available by patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Pain intensity (0-10), sedation (0-3), and hourly fentanyl requirements (micrograms per hour) were assessed and recorded immediately prior to patch removal and at least once daily after the initiation of IV fentanyl. The CI and demand boluses were titrated whenever necessary on the basis of pain intensity and supplemental PCA use. RESULTS: All 9 patients reported mild levels (相似文献   

芬太尼透皮贴剂或静脉吗啡泵维持治疗中重度癌痛疗效的临床观察

目的:观察和比较持续静脉泵入吗啡与芬太尼透皮贴治疗中重度癌痛的临床疗效和安全性。方法:选择40例疼痛评分＞4的中重度癌痛患者,进行疼痛滴定后随机分为吗啡组(持续静脉泵入吗啡)与芬太尼组(芬太尼透皮贴)。观察和比较两组患者的镇痛疗效、镇痛维持时间、爆发痛发作次数及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,吗啡组和芬太尼组的NRS评分分别为(1.9±0.8)分和(2.2±1.0)分,均较治疗前明显降低(P＜0.05),但两组间的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);吗啡组患者每天平均镇痛维持时间为(22.7±0.4)小时,爆发痛每天发作(1.0±0.3)次;芬太尼组每天平均镇痛维持时间为(20.14±1.2)小时,爆发痛每天发作(1.5±0.6)次,两组间的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。两组患者的不良反应以便秘多见,经对症处理后均可耐受。两组生活质量均得到明显提高。结论:持续静脉泵入吗啡及芬太尼透皮贴治疗中重度癌痛均可明显缓解患者的疼痛症状,镇痛效果及安全性相当。     

Home palliative care--2 case reports: a long-term cancer pain management with transdermal fentanyl

Transdermal Fentanyl was released in March 2002 in Japan after the acceptance of the insurance under the office of public health. Transdermal therapy is especially effective for patients having difficulty of oral intakes, and for home care cancer patients who suffer from chronic pain only if the therapy is feasible on the long-term basis. We report our cases for long-term cancer pain management with transdermal fentanyl. A total of 52 long-term patients with chronic cancer pain (28 men and 24 women with an average age of 63.5 years, range 46-74 years) were evaluated. The most prevalent cancers were colorectum (n=14), stomach (n=10), breast (n=8), esophagus (n=6), pancreas (n=6), and others. The duration of the transdermal therapy varied from minimum of 2 days to maximum of 630 days. Two patients on this therapy were longer than 500 days. The transdermal therapy was discontinued 2-37 days for 8 patients due to uncontrolled pain relief. Case report 1: A 72-year-old woman suffering from a relapse of pancreatic cancer with chronic back pain experienced a good pain relief after switching from 60 mg/day sustained oral release morphine to 2.5 mg transdermal fentanyl. During the long-term treatment, the transdermal fentanyl dosage had to be increased. Transdermal therapy was continued until the patient's death on day 601. The last fentanyl dosage was 7.5 mg. Transdermal therapy was given 319/601 days at home and 282/601 days in the hospital. Meanwhile, a little rescue suppository morphine was used as an adjuvant during the duration of transdermal therapy. Case report 2: A 73-year-old man suffered a relapse of rectal cancer. He experienced adequate pain relief with 40 mg oral sustained release morphine, but he was switched to 2.5 mg transdermal fentanyl. Transdermal therapy was continued until today on day 630. At present, fentanyl dosage is 20 mg. The patient has been treated at home for 622/630 days. He was hospitalized only once for 8 days because of dehydrations, and has been treated at home. Only a little rescue powder morphine was needed as an adjuvant during the duration of transdermal therapy. In these 2 cases of long-term cancer pain management, transdermal therapy has resulted in good pain reduction and the side effects with transdermal therapy were not noted. Transdermal fentanyl can be recommended for treatment of palliative cancer pain at home.