超声计量低羊水指数产妇的围生期结局指标观察

目的 观察妊娠晚期超声计量低羊水指数（AFI）产妇的各项围生期结局指标变化。方法 选择90例AFI低水平产妇,观察其围生期结局各项指标,并与160例同期住院分娩的AFI正常产妇（对照组）比较,比较两组患者一般临床资料及围生期结局各项指标,包括剖宫产,胎儿窘迫,生长受限,羊水污染,胎儿窒息,围生期死亡等。结果 产前胎儿心脏速率（FHR）追踪,5.0cm以内的AFI异常,与剖宫产率显著相关,两组间剖宫产率无明显差异（低AFI组50.00%及49.37%对照组）。然而,剖宫产在胎儿宫内窘迫发生率增加的趋势,羊水过少组（11.11%对8.13%,P=0.06）（P〈0.05）。新生儿重症监护室接诊的正常AFI组婴儿比例显著高于那些羊水过少生产的胎儿（5.56%比6.25%,P〈0.05）。结论 羊水过少是产妇和胎儿围生期结局不良的重要标识,超声多普勒是监测胎儿宫内状况、判断胎儿宫内安危的安全有效手段。超声计量低AFI是预示产妇围生期结局不良的理想指标。     

足月妊娠合并羊水过少的围生结局探讨

目的探讨足月妊娠合并羊水过少对围生结局的影响。方法随机选择2010年6月—2011年12月期间来我院就诊的妊娠合并羊水过少孕妇200例(羊水过少组)作为研究对象;按照1:2比例另选择妊娠并羊水正常的孕妇400例(羊水正常组)作为对照组,比较两组间羊水相关因素、围产儿结局和分娩情况的差异。结果羊水过少组妊娠高血压疾病、胎盘功能退化、脐带异常、胎儿生长受限(FGR)、胎儿畸形、过期妊娠、产后出血等发生率高,产程长,剖宫产比率高(P<0.05);羊水污染、宫内窘迫、窒息和肺炎发生率高(P<0.05)。结论应高度重视妊娠合并羊水过少对围生儿的危害,及时诊断并正确处理,以改善围生儿结局。     

妊娠晚期羊水过少发病危险因素及妊娠结局分析

目的探讨妊娠晚期羊水过少的发病危险因素及妊娠结局。方法选取自2016年4月至2017年3月行产前检查的妊娠晚期羊水过少孕妇74例为羊水过少组,选取同期行产前检查的妊娠晚期羊水量正常孕妇74例为正常组。观察比较两组年龄、文化程度、经产情况、孕周、胎次、胎数、妊娠并发症发生情况,采用Logistic回归分析对妊娠晚期羊水过少的危险因素进行分析,并比较两组妊娠结局。结果两组文化程度、经产情况、胎次、胎数及胎儿畸形率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P> 0. 05);年龄≥35岁、孕周> 41周、妊高症、过期妊娠、羊水污染、胎儿宫内生长受限、胎膜早破发生率为妊娠晚期羊水过少的影响因素(P <0. 05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,高龄妊娠、妊高症、过期妊娠、羊水污染、胎儿宫内生长受限、胎膜早破是妊娠晚期羊水过少的独立危险因素(P <0. 05)。羊水过少组孕妇催产素引产率、剖宫产率、总产程及产后出血量均明显高于正常组,阴道顺产率则明显低于正常组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。羊水过少组新生儿窒息、足月低体质量儿、胎儿宫内窘迫、吸入性肺炎等围生期并发症发生率均明显高于正常组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论妊娠晚期羊水过少的发生同孕妇年龄及多项妊娠期疾病关系密切,可对母婴结局造成不良影响,需引起重视。     

足月胎膜早破残余羊水量对妊娠结局的影响

 目的 了解足月胎膜早破后残余羊水量对妊娠结局的影响。方法 收集143例足月胎膜早破孕产妇临床资料,根据产前B超检测的残余羊水指数(AFI)分为3组:A组(8 cm≤AFI＜25 cm)75例,B组(5 cm≤AFI＜8 cm)38例,C组(AFI＜5 cm)30例,比较3组孕妇在分娩方式、宫内感染率、胎儿窘迫率、新生儿发病率和羊水粪染率等方面的差异。结果 C组剖宫产率高于A组(70.00% vs 37.30%,P<0.05);A组自然分娩率高于B组和C组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。C组宫内感染发生率、新生儿疾病发生率、羊水粪染率、胎儿窘迫发生率均高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他组间比较均无统计学差异。Logistic回归分析表明,残余羊水量(OR=2.912)、破膜至分娩时间(OR=2.356)与羊水粪染(OR=1.833)是产妇宫内感染、新生儿疾病发病的影响因素。结论 足月胎膜早破后残余羊水量的多少与妊娠结局密切相关,羊水残余量越少对母婴的威胁越大。     

胎膜早破残余羊水量与孕妇宫内感染和新生儿发病率的关系

 目的 探讨胎膜早破后残余羊水量与胎儿宫内感染和新生儿发病率的相关性.方法 604例胎膜早破患者在破膜后均行超声检测羊水指数(AFI),根据残余羊水指数分成3组:羊水量过少组(AFI≤5 cm)79例,羊水量偏少组(5 cm相似文献   

羊水过少对母婴的影响及其处理

目的 探讨羊水过少对母婴的影响及其处理.方法 收集我院2005年1月～2008年12月住院治疗的羊水过少孕妇67例作为观察组,随机抽取同期我院分娩的羊水量正常孕妇67例作为对照组,对两组病例的妊娠并发症、围生儿情况进行比较.结果 现察组过期妊娠、妊娠高血压疾病、胎儿宫内生长迟缓(IUGR )及胎儿畸形明显高于对照组;观察组并发胎儿窘迫、羊水粪染、新生儿窒息及剖宫产率明显高于对照组.结论 羊水过少与妊娠并发症密切相关,严重威胁围生儿生命,如果同时合并妊娠并发症则风险更大.发现羊水过少应适时终止妊娠,可分娩者以剖宫产为宜,可改善围生儿预后.     

羊水过少对围生儿的影响(附268例报告)

目的 探讨妊娠晚期羊水过少对围生儿的影响.方法 2000年6月-2007年6月住院治疗的妊娠晚期羊水过少孕妇268例(羊水过少组),另随机抽取同期住院分娩且羊水量正常的孕妇300例作为对照(对照组),比较分析羊水过少对围生儿及分娩结局的影响.结果 羊水过少组中胎儿窘迫、羊水粪染、新生儿窒息、吸人性肺炎及围生儿死亡率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),胎儿生长受限(FGR)、妊娠高血压疾病(HDCP)、过期妊娠等妊娠并发症及胎儿畸形的发生率也明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).羊水过少组剖宫产率明显高于对照组,且羊水越少剖宫产率越高、新生儿评分越低(P＜0.05).结论 羊水过少是妊娠晚期的严重并发症,严重威胁围生儿生命,同时合并妊娠并发症时风险更大,选择最佳分娩方式及时终止妊娠可明显改善围生儿预后.     

多普勒超声检测胎儿脐动脉血流 S／D、 RI值对于评价宫内窘迫的临床意义

目的：通过多普勒超声检测晚期妊娠胎儿脐动脉血流S／D、RI值,探讨其对于评价宫内窘迫的临床价值,对于预测围生儿预后的意义。方法对180例孕32～41周单胎孕妇采用彩色多普勒超声进行产前检查,观察胎儿有无脐带绕颈、羊水透声、测定脐动脉S／D、RI值,根据检查结果分为脐带绕颈组和无脐带绕颈组,观察两组胎儿宫内窘迫的发生率;发生胎儿宫内窘迫与无宫内窘迫脐动脉血流S／D、 RI值的差别;以及胎儿脐动脉血流与妊娠预后的关系。结果与无脐带绕颈组相比,脐带绕颈组胎儿宫内窘迫发生率高（ P＜0．05）;发生胎儿宫内窘迫脐动脉血流S／D、RI值明显高于无胎儿宫内窘迫者（ P＜0．05）。脐动脉血流正常者剖宫产率、羊水污染及Apgar 评分＜7明显高于异常者（ P＜0．05）。结论多普勒超声检测胎儿脐动脉血流对评价胎儿宫内窘迫、预测围生儿预后有重要的临床应用价值。     

羊水过少对围产儿的不良影响

羊水过少是产科常见的并发症,是引起围产儿不良结局的主要原因之一,可发生在妊娠各期。羊水少于300mL称为羊水过少,羊水过少严重影响围产儿的预后。近年来随着医学研究的发展,超声诊断技术的提高,羊水过少的诊断显著提高。2006-02～2007-02,我院收治羊水过少138例，并随机选择同期羊水正常者138例进行对照，探讨羊水过少对羊水胎粪污染、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、剖宫产、围生儿死亡等围产儿的不良影响。     

羊水过少与妊娠结果超声诊断价值探讨

近年来羊水过少逐渐被重视是因为羊水过少是造成围产儿死亡率及围产儿发病率明显升高的重要因素,为了总结经验,现将我院220例分析如下。1材料与方法1.1临床资料选择我院2000年1月~2005年1月间产前检查及分娩的初产妇220例,随机分成两组,实验组(A组,羊水过少)、对照组(B组,羊水适量)各110例,年龄平均28岁,妊娠平均周数为39±4周。1.2方法孕28周开始建立档案,B超检查正常,37~40周复查B超即羊水指数(AFI)。1.2.1观察观察A、B两组分娩时并发症、分娩方式、围产儿死亡情况。1.2.2诊断标准①胎儿窘迫:指晚期胎动≤3次/h,出现MAS,胎心率≤120…     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.