早发精神分裂症静息态脑功能低频振幅研究

目的通过静息态功能磁共振研究早发未用药精神分裂症患者局部脑功能低频振幅(amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation,ALFF)的变化,探讨其静息态下功能异常的脑区。方法收集20例早发未用药精神分裂症患者与20名性别、年龄、受教育年限相匹配的正常对照,分别对其进行全脑静息态功能磁共振扫描,计算ALFF值。结果与对照组相比,患者组左侧额上回、左侧楔前叶、左侧扣带回、左侧枕叶、左侧海马旁回、左侧距状沟ALFF值增高(P0.05,Alpha Sim校正),右侧颞上回和右侧小脑后叶ALFF值降低(P0.05,Alpha Sim校正)。结论早发精神分裂症患者在静息态下有多处脑区ALFF值改变,提示其在静息态下存在脑功能异常。     

首次发病且未用药的成年早发和晚发抑郁症患者脑功能连接差异研究

目的比较成年早发抑郁症(EOD)和成年晚发抑郁症(LOD)患者默认网络(DMN)内部功能连接的差异,探究不同发病年龄的抑郁症患者是否有不同的发病机制。方法选取在昆明医科大学第一附属医院精神科门诊或住院的EOD患者(n=58)和LOD患者(n=62)为研究对象,同期招募年轻健康对照组(n=60)和年老健康对照组(n=52)。对受试者进行静息态功能磁共振扫描,选择左侧楔前叶为种子点,计算该种子点与全脑的功能连接,并比较各组间该种子点的功能连接差异。结果四组之间功能连接具有差异的脑区涉及双侧额叶、颞叶、基底节、枕叶、顶叶及小脑等脑区。EOD组左侧楔前叶与左侧小脑Crus1区、左侧小脑IX区、左侧颞中回、右侧楔前叶、右侧前扣带回、右侧额中回、右侧角回、右侧脑岛、右侧内侧额上回、右侧颞中回的功能连接均高于年轻健康对照组(Z=3. 752 4～5. 867 8,P均0. 05);而左侧楔前叶与左侧额中回、左侧中央旁小叶、右侧缘上回、右侧额上回、右侧颞下回、右侧中央后回、右侧中央前回、右侧枕上回的功能连接均低于年轻健康对照组(Z=-5. 007 6～-3. 797 7,P均0. 05)。LOD组左侧楔前叶与左侧小脑Crus2区、左侧尾状核、左侧颞下回、左侧小脑Crus1区、左侧角回、左侧额中回、右侧额中回、右侧角回、右侧眶额部额中回的功能连接均高于年老健康对照组(Z=4. 122 8～6. 579 4,P均0. 05);与左侧海马旁回、左侧额上回、右侧枕中回、右侧中央前回、右侧内侧额上回、右侧锯状回、右侧颞下回、右侧中央旁小叶、右侧梭状回、右侧后扣带回的功能连接均低于年老健康对照组(Z=-5. 884 0～-3. 617 2,P均0. 05)。EOD组左侧楔前叶与左侧锯状回、左侧小脑IV-VI区、左侧小脑Crus2区的功能连接比LOD组高(Z=4. 087 7、3. 937 4、3. 672 1,P均0. 05);EOD组左侧楔前叶与右侧额中回、右侧眶额部额下回、右侧额上回的功能连接比LOD组低(Z=-4. 274 8、-3. 956 8、-4. 724 3、-3. 663 2,P均0. 05)。结论 DMN内部功能连接增高及额顶网络功能连接降低可能与EOD的发病机制相关,而DMN前部功能连接增高和后部功能连接降低可能与LOD的发病机制相关,不同发病年龄的成年抑郁症患者可能有不同的发病机制。     

Cerebral functional deficits in patients with ankylosing spondylitis- an fMRI study

Neurological impairment plays an important role in the development of Ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Early diagnosis and detection of it may stop the progress of neurological complications and improve the quality of patients’ lives greatly. Somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) and magnetic motor evoked potentials (MEP) have been proved useful to detect neurological impairments of AS. This study aimed to investigate the cerebral function deficits of AS using functional MRI technology. Twenty seven patients with AS and 28 control subjects were included in this study. All of them underwent structural MRI and resting state-functional MRI (rs-fMRI) scanning. Comparisons of amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) of rs-fMRI signals between AS patients and normal controls were performed using two sample t-tests. To examine functional connectivity within the groups, one-sample t tests were performed on the individual z-value maps. The z values were compared between the two groups using two-sample t test. Partial correlations between rs-fMRI measures (ALFF and functional connectivity) of the brain regions which showed group difference and clinical results including the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) score, the serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were analyzed for AS patients. Compared with normal controls, the AS patients exhibited significant lower ALFF in the left medial frontal gyrus, the right precentral gyrus and the right posterior cingulate, while higher ALFF in the left cerebellum anterior lobe, the left middle temporal gyrus, the left superior occipital gyrus, the left postcentral gyrus and the right precuneus. AS patients showed widespread brain connectivity alterations. Functional connectivity strength of the left precuneus and the left middle temporal gyrus were closely correlated with the the BASDAI scores, ESR and hsCRP in AS patients. Our results enhance the understanding of the pathomechanism of AS and suggest that Rs-fMRI may be a helpful tool in the clinical detection and evaluation of neurological impairment in AS.     

精神分裂症首次发病未治疗患者静息态下局部脑区自发活动的研究

目的探讨精神分裂症首次发病未治疗患者静息态下局部脑区自发活动的情况:方法:利用低频振幅(ALFF)方法,对27例首次发病未治疗的精神分裂症患者(患者组)进行静息状态下功能磁共振(fMRI)扫描,对影像学数据进行ALFF方法处理,结果与22名年龄、性别及受教育程度相匹配的健康对照者(正常对照组)比较。结果:与正常对照组相比,患者组ALFF显著增高的脑区是运动前区、辅助运动区和眶额回;ALFF显著降低的脑区是楔前叶、后扣带回、内侧前额叶和角回(P0.05,Alphaism矫正)。结论:精神分裂症首次发病未治疗患者在静息态下运动前区、辅助运动区、眶额回、楔前叶、后扣带回、内侧前额叶和角回的局部脑区自发活动异常,这些异常脑区可能有助于解释精神分裂症的病理机制。     

偏头痛与静息态脑功能连接研究

目的本文研究采用静息态功能磁共振成像(rfMRI)技术描述偏头痛患者静息态脑功能连接改变,为探索偏头痛的发病机制提供影像学资料。方法收集16例偏头痛患者与16例健康对照,采集rfMRI成像,计算低频振幅,找出感兴趣区做功能连接进行统计分析。结果偏头痛患者左侧岛叶、左侧额下回低频振幅显著低于对照组,右侧视觉皮质低频振幅显著高于对照组;以左侧额下回、右侧枕中回为感兴趣区,发现左侧额下回与脑干之间的功能连接增强,与双侧枕叶之间的功能连接减弱;右侧枕中回与双侧楔前叶延伸至扣带回中部区域之间的功能连接增强,与双侧中央前回、双侧缘上回、双侧颞上回及双侧额下回之间的功能连接减弱。结论偏头痛患者无头痛发作时神经元活动强度改变,大脑功能连接异常,这导致大脑整合信息过程改变,并与偏头痛发病相关。     

Color Stroop and negative priming in schizophrenia: An fMRI study

Disturbances in selective attention represent a core characteristic of schizophrenia, whose neural underpinnings have yet to be fully elucidated. Consequently, we recorded brain activation using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while 15 patients with schizophrenia and 15 age-matched controls performed a well-established measure of selective attention—the color Stroop negative priming task. We focused on two aspects of performance: overriding pre-potent responses (Stroop effect) and inhibition of prior negatively primed trials (negative priming effect). Behaviorally, controls demonstrated both significant Stroop and negative priming effects, while schizophrenic subjects only showed the Stroop effect. For the Stroop effect, fMRI indicated significantly greater activation in frontal regions–medial frontal gyrus/anterior cingulate gyrus and middle frontal gyrus for controls–but greater activation in medial parietal regions (posterior cingulate gyrus/precuneus) for patients. Negative priming elicited significant activation in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for both groups, but also in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for patients. These different patterns of fMRI activation may reflect faulty interaction in schizophrenia within networks of brain regions that are vital to selective attention.     

不同亚型轻度认知障碍患者静息态脑功能局部一致性研究

目的探讨遗忘型和非遗忘型轻度认知障碍(mild cognition impairment,MCI)患者局部自发脑活动特点。方法纳入遗忘型MCI(amnesicMCI,aMCI)患者25例,非遗忘型MCI(non-amnesticMCI,naMCI)患者21例和正常对照(normal control,NC)15名进行静息态功能磁共振扫描,通过计算每个给定体素与其最邻近26个体素时间序列的相似性获得全脑局部一致性(regional homogeneity,ReHo)图,比较三组被试全脑ReHo差异。结果 aMCI组右侧额叶ReHo值低于NC组,左侧颞中回和左侧小脑ReHo值高于NC组(P0.05,Alphasim校正);naMCI组前扣带回和右侧额中回ReHo值低于NC组,右侧海马旁回、右侧颞中回和右侧楔前叶ReHo值高于NC组(P0.05,Alphasim校正);aMCI左侧前额叶和左侧颞中回ReHo值高于naMCI组,右侧小脑ReHo值低于naMCI组(P0.05,Alphasim校正)。结论 aMCI和naMCI患者左侧前额叶、左侧颞中回及右侧小脑自发脑功能活动存在差异,这为区别aMCI和naMCI两者脑功能活动特点提供了初步影像学依据。     

首发抑郁症青少年患者的大脑功能——静息态功能磁共振成像的病例对照研究(英文)

背景:青少年抑郁症对患者及其家庭成员会产生长期严重的痛苦,但这种致残状况的潜在机制仍不清楚。目的:比较未经药物的青少年首发抑郁症患者和匹配的对照者之间的大脑功能静息状态。方法 :使用3T磁共振扫描仪对15名青少年抑郁症患者和16名对照者进行功能磁共振静息状态扫描。采用低频振荡振幅(amplitude of low frequency fluctuation,ALFF)来评估脑功能静息态。结果 :青少年抑郁症患者的儿童抑郁量表评分的均值(标准差)高于对照组(22.13[9.21]与9.37[5.65])。与对照组相比,青少年抑郁症患者在扣带回后部、左颞下回、右颞上回、右岛叶、右侧顶叶和右侧梭状回具有较高的ALFF;而在双侧楔叶、左枕叶和左内侧额叶表现出较低的ALFF。结论 :青少年抑郁症与大脑多个区域的显著功能变化有关。     

低频振幅算法功能磁共振成像对不同病因内侧颞叶癫癇的研究

目的研究不同病理基础内侧颞叶癫癇患者异常脑功能活动分布模式的差异,探讨异常活动脑区在内侧颞叶癫癇发病过程中的病理生理学机制。方法采用基于低频振幅（ALFF）的静息态f MRI技术,分别对30例单侧海马硬化性内侧颞叶癫癇（m TLE-HS）和30例单侧占位性内侧颞叶癫癇（m TLE-OL）患者进行研究,并与30例性别和年龄相匹配的正常对照者进行比较。经代价函数预处理图像后,REST软件计算全脑低频振幅均值并作归一化处理获得m ALFF值,两样本t检验依次对3组被试m ALFF值进行比较,对比m TLE-HS和m TLE-OL颞叶外脑区m ALFF值变化,并分析m ALFF值改变脑区与癫癇病程之间关联性。结果静息态下,m TLE-HS组和m TLE-OL组患者均呈现颞叶外m ALFF值改变,但异常脑区分布模式不同。与m TLE-HS组相比,m TLE-OL组患者m ALFF值增强区域位于双侧顶下叶、楔前叶、角回、扣带中后回和对侧颞中回;m ALFF值减弱区域为对侧中央后回、双侧枕中回和小脑（均P〈0.05,Alpha Sim校正）,提示m TLE-HS较m TLE-OL脑默认网络受抑制程度更为严重。m TLE-HS患者局部m ALFF值与癫癇病程无明显关联性,而m TLE-OL患者双侧扣带中后回m ALFF值与病程呈正相关（r=0.687,P=0.000）,双侧前扣带回与病程呈负相关（r=-0.621,P=0.000）。结论不同病理基础内侧颞叶癫癇存在不同的异常脑功能活动分布模式,提示二者潜在的病理生理学机制可能不同,验证了m TLE-HS是一种特异性癫癇类型。     

Procedural learning in schizophrenia: a functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation

Procedural learning (PL) is a type of rule-based learning in which performance facilitation occurs with practice on task without the need for conscious awareness. Schizophrenic patients have often (though not invariably) been found to show impaired PL. We performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a blocked, periodic sequence-learning task with groups of: (i) healthy subjects, and (ii) schizophrenic patients on conventional antipsychotics. Healthy subjects showed significant PL, but patients did not. In healthy subjects, PL was associated with increased activation in the striatum, thalamus, cerebellum, precuneus, medial frontal lobe, and cingulate gyrus. The power of activation in the thalamus, striatum, precuneus, cingulate gyrus and BA 6 was related to the magnitude of PL in these subjects. No regions, except the anterior inferior gyrus, were significantly activated in patients. The caudate nucleus, thalamus, precuneus, and sensorimotor regions were activated significantly differently between the two groups. The findings demonstrate the involvement of the striatum, cerebellum, thalamus, cingulate gyrus, precuneus, and sensorimotor regions in PL. Further fMRI studies of PL in normal subjects treated with conventional antipsychotics, drug na?ve patients, and patients given atypical antipsychotics would help to clarify the roles of schizophrenic disease processes and antipsychotic medication in impaired PL and associated brain abnormalities in schizophrenia.     

有先兆偏头痛患者发作间期的静息态功能磁共振变化

目的采用静息态功能磁共振成像技术探讨有先兆偏头痛患者的自发神经元活动,分析其脑功能网络的变化,以便更好地认识有先兆偏头痛的发病机制。方法对7例发作间期有先兆偏头痛患者和7例年龄、性别及受教育程度相匹配的健康对照行静息态功能磁共振成像扫描,分析原始数据,得出全脑低频振幅(ALFF),进行双样本t检验,并以ALFF差异脑区为感兴趣区(ROI)校正后行功能连接(FC)分析,比较两组之间影像学表现的差异。结果病例组双侧额上回、左侧眶额皮质低频振幅值显著高于对照组(t=2.18~5.12,P0.05)。病例组左侧颞中回、左侧颞下回、左侧尾状核、双侧丘脑、右侧运动前区低频振幅ALFF值显著低于对照组(t=-5.12~-2.18,P0.05);与对照组相比,病例组右侧眶额皮质、左侧额中回、双侧前扣带皮质、右侧缘上回与左侧额上回功能连接增强,病例组左侧小脑、右侧脑岛、脑干与左侧额上回之间的功能连接减弱。结论有先兆偏头痛患者头痛发作间期疼痛处理相关脑区功能异常,支持偏头痛并非单纯的发作性疾病。     

抑郁症首次发病患者静息态脑功能局部一致性的研究

目的 利用功能磁共振(fMRI)和局部一致性(regional homogeneity,ReHo)探讨抑郁症首次发病(以下简称首发)患者在静息态脑功能是否存在异常及异常部位.方法 对34例符合美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册第4版诊断标准的首发抑郁症患者(抑郁症组)和34名性别、年龄、文化程度匹配的健康志愿者(对照组)进行静息态fMRI扫描.结果 抑郁症组静息态脑血氧水平依赖信号的ReHo高于对照组的脑区有左侧额叶眶回、顶下小叶、颞上回,右侧额内侧回、顶下小叶、小脑后叶;低于对照组的脑区有左颞下回、右颞上同和胼胝体、双侧后扣带回(P＜0.005,K≥10).结论首发抑郁症患者在静息态存在多个腩区功能活动的异常,并可能和抑郁症的病理机制有关.     

长期海洛因成瘾者前额叶功能连接的静息态fMRI研究

目的 利用静息态fMRI探讨长期海洛因成瘾者前额叶功能连接的变化情况.方法 13例长期海洛因成瘾者和14例正常者接受静息态fMRI检查,对数据进行相关的预处理后,以前额叶为种子点与全脑每个体素进行相关分析,比较海洛因成瘾组与正常对照组前额叶功能连接的变化情况.结果 以左侧前额叶为种子点进行功能连接分析,海洛因成瘾组左侧前额叶与左侧海马、右侧前扣带回、左侧额中回、右侧额中回、右侧楔前叶功能连接明显低于正常对照组:以右侧前额叶为种子点进行功能连接分析,海洛因成瘾组右侧前额叶与左侧眶额叶、左侧额中回功能连接明显低于正常对照组.结论 长期海洛因成瘾者前额叶与相关脑区的功能连接减弱,前额叶可能参与了海洛因成瘾的维持与戒断后复吸.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the changes of functional connectivity of the prefrontal cortex in chronic heroin addicts under resting-state functional MRI (fMRI). Methods Resting fMRI examination was performed on 13 chronic heroin addicts and 14 healthy volunteers. After pre-processing the resting-state fMRI data, the prefrontal cortex was selected as the seed region, with which a whole-brain voxel temporal correlation in Iow frequency fMRI fluctuations was analyzed and the changes of functional connectivity of the prefrontal lobe in both chronic heroin addicts and healthy volunteers were calculated with SPM5 software. Results Compared with that in the control group, the functional connectivity between the left prefrontal cortex and the left hippocampus, right anterior cingulate, left middle frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right precuneus in the heroin addiction group was significantly decreased. The functional connectivity between the right prefrontal cortex and the left orbital frontal cortex, left middle frontal gyrus in thc heroin addiction group was also significantly decreased as compared with that in the control group. Conclusion Functional connectivity of prefrontal cortex in chronic heroin addicts decreases, indicating that the prefrontal cortex may be involved in the maintenance of heroin addiction and relapse after withdrawal.     

难治性癫痫患者楔前叶功能连接的静息态功能磁共振成像研究

目的应用静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-f MRI)探讨难治性癫痫患者楔前叶与全脑功能连接的改变及其意义。方法对23例难治性癫痫患者(癫痫组)及23名健康人(对照组)进行rs-f MRI检查,采集数据后采用功能连接的方法,分别计算以左侧楔前叶和右侧楔前叶为感兴趣区与全脑的功能连接,运用双样本t检验的统计学方法发现两组的显著性差异并进行分析。结果癫痫组左侧楔前叶与双侧顶下小叶、双侧岛叶、右侧缘上回、右侧额中回和双侧额下回的功能连接较对照组减弱(均P0.05);癫痫组左侧楔前叶与双侧海马旁回、双侧额上回、左侧后扣带回的功能连接较对照组增强(均P0.05)。癫痫组右侧楔前叶与左侧顶下小叶、右侧缘上回、右侧额中回、右侧额下回的功能连接较对照组减弱(均P0.05);癫痫组右侧楔前叶与双侧楔叶、左侧后扣带回的功能连接较对照组增强(均P0.05)。结论难治性癫痫患者静息状态下楔前叶与全脑的功能连接存在异常,"默认网络"功能的抑制可能是癫痫患者意识及认知等功能损害的重要原因。     

无灶性癫痫患者静息态fMRI与注意功能的相关性研究

目的采用静息态功能磁共振成像的低频振幅技术,探讨无灶性癫痫患者低频振幅与注意功能之间可能存在的关系。方法对16例无灶性癫痫患者和16名正常志愿者进行静息态fMRI数据采集及注意功能行为学测试,采用REST软件计算显示无灶性癫痫患者相对于正常人ALFF增高和减弱的区域,对上述的16例无灶性癫痫患者和16例正常对照进行气球叉掉测试,数字符号转换测试及stroop测试检测其注意功能,观察无灶性癫痫患者静息态fMRI与注意功能之间可能存在的联系。结果①无灶性癫痫组和正常对照组相比,ALFF增强的脑区分布在右侧颞叶(15,-90,21)、内侧额叶(0,24,-24)、腹侧前扣带回(-12,30,27)及右侧小脑半球(-51,-57,-4);②无灶性癫痫组和正常对照组相比ALFF减弱的脑区分布在左侧小脑半球及相邻后缘枕叶(-48,-15,39)、后扣带回(60,-21,33)及楔前叶(-6,-54,66);③无灶性癫痫患者的三项注意功能测试反应时间均较正常对照组延长(P<0.01)。Stroop测试结果表明无灶性癫痫组与对照组相比冲突条件下较一致、中性条件下的错误率显著增加。结论无灶性癫痫患者静息状态下表现出异常的脑功能活动方式。长期异常放电对患者的注意功能有明显损害,其中持续注意能力下降,可能与无灶性癫痫患者的颞叶及额叶的病变相关;选择注意能力下降,可能与腹侧前扣带回的损伤密切相关。     

Brain default-mode network abnormalities in hepatic encephalopathy: a resting-state functional MRI study

Many neuroimaging investigations focus on hepatic encephalopathy (HE); however, few investigate default-mode network (DMN) in the patients with HE and its underlying physiological relevance using resting-state fMRI. In this study, independent component analysis was used to retrieve components representing the DMN of patients with HE (n = 14) and healthy volunteers (n = 14). Four patients were excluded because of head motion (n = 3) and the artifact from the artificial tooth (n = 1). Comparison results between the two groups revealed significantly reduced functional connectivity in the right middle frontal gyrus and left posterior cingulate cortex in the HE patients. A statistical t-map from the comparison of venous blood ammonia levels and the z-scores of the DMN obtained from independent component analysis was computed in the HE group, which showed negative correlation with the changes in left angular gyrus. In conclusions, resting-state fMRI can be used to examine DMN changes in HE patients. Reduced functional connectivity in the right middle frontal gyrus and left posterior cingulate cortex consisting of the DMN and negative correlation between the functional connectivity changes in left AG and the venous blood ammonia levels support the notion of damages in functional organization of the central nervous system in HE patients.     

The brain basis of piano performance

Performances of memorized piano compositions unfold via dynamic integrations of motor, perceptual, cognitive, and emotive operations. The functional neuroanatomy of such elaborately skilled achievements was characterized in the present study by using (15)0-water positron emission tomography to image blindfolded pianists performing a concerto by J.S. Bach. The resulting brain activity was referenced to that for bimanual performance of memorized major scales. Scales and concerto performances both activated primary motor cortex, corresponding somatosensory areas, inferior parietal cortex, supplementary motor area, motor cingulate, bilateral superior and middle temporal cortex, right thalamus, anterior and posterior cerebellum. Regions specifically supporting the concerto performance included superior and middle temporal cortex, planum polare, thalamus, basal ganglia, posterior cerebellum, dorsolateral premotor cortex, right insula, right supplementary motor area, lingual gyrus, and posterior cingulate. Areas specifically implicated in generating and playing scales were posterior cingulate, middle temporal, right middle frontal, and right precuneus cortices, with lesser increases in right hemispheric superior temporal, temporoparietal, fusiform, precuneus, and prefrontal cortices, along with left inferior frontal gyrus. Finally, much greater deactivations were present for playing the concerto than scales. This seems to reflect a deeper attentional focus in which tonically active orienting and evaluative processes, among others, are suspended. This inference is supported by observed deactivations in posterior cingulate, parahippocampus, precuneus, prefrontal, middle temporal, and posterior cerebellar cortices. For each of the foregoing analyses, a distributed set of interacting localized functions is outlined for future test.     

男性偏执型精神分裂症患者静息态功能磁共振脑自发低频振幅的变化

目的:利用静息态功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)技术观察男性偏执型精神分裂症患者脑自发低频振幅(ALFF)的变化。方法:对36例男性偏执型精神分裂症患者(病例组)和19名年龄、利手、性别、受教育程度相匹配的健康者(对照组)进行静息态fMRI扫描;分析两组全脑各区域ALFF的差异。结果:与对照组比较,病例组双侧额中回、右颞中回、右顶下回、左中央前回ALFF明显减低;右颞上回、双侧颞下回、左枕下回ALFF明显增强(P均0.01)。结论:男性偏执型精神分裂症患者脑部广泛区域存在ALFF异常。     

基于独立成分分析方法的海洛因成瘾者功能磁共振成像研究

目的 使用独立成分分析(ICA)法分析功能磁共振(fMRI)数据研究线索诱导因素导致海洛因成瘾者复吸的神经网络. 方法 安徽医科大学附属省立医院神经外科自2010年2月至2010年12月对海洛因成瘾组(n=15,来自安徽省戒毒康复中心)和正常对照组(n=15,来自招募的志愿者)在接受吸毒相关场景视频刺激的同时进行fMRI扫描,然后使用ICA方法对数据进行分析和比较2组受试者脑区的激活情况. 结果 与正常对照组相比,海洛因成瘾组患者双侧前额叶、左前扣带回、双侧后扣带回、左侧顶叶、左侧颞下回的激活降低;双侧伏核、右侧海马以及部分枕叶的激活增强,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 ICA方法是一种有效的任务相关fMRI数据分析方法,海洛因成瘾者学习记忆和奖赏系统相关脑区功能改变是线索诱发复吸的重要原因,主要涉及左前额叶、左顶叶、前后扣带回、海马、伏核等脑区.     

首发未用药精神分裂症与精神分裂症患者健康子女静息态脑功能低频振幅研究

目的探讨首发未用药精神分裂症患者和精神分裂症患者健康子女脑功能磁共振低频振幅(amplitude of low frequency fluctuation,ALFF)的共性与差异。方法应用静息态功能磁共振ALFF的方法对年龄30岁的23例首发未用药精神分裂症患者、25名精神分裂症患者健康子女以及29名健康对照进行大脑范围内ALFF值比较。结果与对照组相比,患者组和患者子女组在左侧颞下回后部、左侧海马旁回、左侧海马、右侧中央后回、双侧楔前叶的ALFF值有统计学差异(P0.05),而患者组和患者子女组间在以上脑区的ALFF值无统计学差异(P0.05);与患者子女组和对照组相比,患者组在左侧颞下回前部、左侧颞上极、双侧距状裂周围皮层的ALFF值有统计学差异(P0.05),患者子女组和对照组间在以上脑区的ALFF值无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论首发未用药精神分裂症患者以及精神分裂症患者健康子女都存在脑功能异常;左侧颞下回后部、左侧海马旁回、左侧海马、右侧中央后回、双侧楔前叶可能是与精神分裂症遗传素质性相关的脑区;左侧颞下回前部、左侧颞上极、双侧距状裂周围皮层可能是与疾病状态性相关的脑区。