Surgical management of brain-stem cavernous malformations: report of 137 cases

BACKGROUND: With the improvement in neuroimaging and microsurgical techniques, brain stem cavernous malformations are no longer considered inoperable. Surgical indications for brainstem cavernoma are evolving, with better understanding of its natural history and decreasing surgical complications. METHODS: During 1986 through 1998, a series of 137 patients (4 patients each with two brain stem lesions, total number of lesions, 141) with brain stem cavernous malformations were treated microsurgically at Beijing Neurosurgery Institute. The age distribution, lesion location, and clinical presentations were analyzed. The bleeding rate, surgical indications and microsurgical techniques were also discussed. RESULTS: In our series, 92 of 137 cases (67.2%) suffered more than one hemorrhage. Female patients had a higher risk of recurrent hemorrhage than that of male patients. Unlike cavernomas malformations from other locations, repeated hemorrhages from brain stem malformations are much more common and usually lead to new neurologic deficits. Among all 137 surgically treated patients, there was no operative mortality. Ninety-nine patients (72.3%) either improved or remained clinically stable postoperatively. The size of the cavernoma/hematoma does not necessarily correlate with the surgical result. While the acute hematoma can facilitate the surgical dissection, longer clinical history with multiple hemorrhages often makes total surgical resection difficult, partially because of the firmer capsule that may not shrink or collapse after hematoma is released. Pathologically those capsules were associated with more hyaline degeneration, fibrous proliferation and even calcifications. During the follow-up period between 0.5 to 11 years in 129 cases, 115 patients (89.2%) have been working, studying, or doing house work. Three patients (2.3%) suffered recurrent hemorrhages. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical indications of brain stem cavernoma include (1) progressive neurologic deficits; (2) overt acute or subacute hemorrhage on MRI either inside or outside cavernous malformations with mass effect; (3) cavernoma/hematoma reaching brainstem surface (<2 mm brain tissue between cavernoma /hematoma and pial surface). Grave clinical presentations like coma, respiratory, or cardiac instability are not surgical contraindications. Emergent surgical evacuation may lead to satisfactory outcome. Repeated hemorrhages will worsen the pre-existing neurologic deficits and possibly make the surgical dissections more difficult. Patients with minimum, stable neurologic deficits and lesion/hematoma that has not reached the brain stem surface should be followed conservatively.     

Hemorrhage after pancreatoduodenectomy.

OBJECTIVE: The authors reviewed the hemorrhagic complications of patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomies between 1972 and 1996. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although recent studies have demonstrated a reduction in the mortality of pancreatic resection, morbidity is still high. Bleeding is a close second to anastomotic dehiscence in the list of dangerous postoperative complications. METHODS: The medical records from a prospective data bank of 559 patients who underwent pancreatic resection at the Surgical Clinic of Mannheim (Heidelberg University) were analyzed in regard to postoperative hemorrhagic complications. Differences were evaluated with the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: The overall mortality rate was 2.7%. Postoperative bleeding occurred in 42 patients (7.5%), with 6 episodes ending fatally (14.3%). Erosive bleeding after pancreatic leak was noted in 11 patients (26.2%), 4 of whom died. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurred in 22 patients, and operative field hemorrhage was present in 20 cases. Relaparotomy was necessary in 29 patients. An angiography with interventional embolization for recurrent bleeding was performed in three patients. Seven hemorrhages (4.6%) occurred after pancreatectomy for chronic pancreatitis and 35 episodes of bleeding (8.6%) were encountered after pancreatectomy for malignant disease. Obstructive jaundice was present in 359 patients (63.9%). In this group of patients, 32 (8.9%) postoperative hemorrhages occurred. Preoperative biliary drainage did not influence the type and mortality rate of postoperative hemorrhage in jaundiced patients. CONCLUSION: The prevention of these bleeding complications depends in the first place on meticulous hemostatic technique. Preoperative biliary drainage does not lower postoperative bleeding complications in jaundiced patients. Continuous, close observation of the patient in the postoperative period, so as to detect complications in time, and expeditious hemostasis are paramount.     

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目的　研究接受外科治疗的甲状腺疾病的构成 ,总结治疗效果。方法　回顾性分析 1992～ 2 0 0 3年间第二军医大学长海医院收治的 30 91例甲状腺手术病人的临床资料。结果　外科治疗的甲状腺疾病明显增加 ,该组以结节性甲状腺肿 (5 9 95 % )、甲状腺癌 (16 5 9% )为主 ,甲亢手术减少 (P <0 0 1) ,桥本病有所增加 (P <0 0 5 ) ;局限于一侧的良性疾病近来以单侧腺叶切除术 (2 1 32 % )为主 ,甲状腺癌的手术方式主要为患侧腺叶、峡部联合对侧次全切除术 ,不主张行预防性颈淋巴结清扫术 ;麻醉方式以全身麻醉为主 ;总体手术并发症发生率3 95 % ,其中术后出血 0 39% ,喉返神经损伤 0 5 8% ,喉上神经损伤 1 0 3% ,甲状旁腺永久性损伤 0 0 6 % ,甲状腺功能低下 0 5 5 % ,甲状腺危象 0 2 2 % ,死亡 2例 (0 0 6 % ) ;重视术后规范、系统的替代治疗 ;总体术后复发率2 0 1% ,近年来复发率有下降 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　该组甲状腺疾病以结节性甲状腺肿、甲状腺癌为主 ;手术方式应根据病变性质、部位、大小及淋巴结转移情况而采取个体化方案 ;专业化培训、细致操作以及全身麻醉等措施可有效减少并发症的发生 ;规范、系统的替代治疗可降低术后复发率     

Surgeon's strategies in gastroduodenal ulcer hemorrhage

The results of surgical treatment of 1491 patients with gastroduodenal ulcer, complicated by gastrointestinal hemorrhage, were analyzed. Among 757 patients, operated on, there were performed truncal vagotomy, selective proximal vagotomy, pyloroduodenoplasty, duodenoplasty, gastric resection, sectoral gastric resection. Application of elaborated lifesaving active individually-rational tactics have permitted to lower the total and postoperative mortality in occurrence of the ulcer gastroduodenal hemorrhage.     

Surgical treatment of intraparenchymal hemorrhage during mechanical circulatory support for heart-failure – a single-centre experience

Background

Cranial intraparenchymal hemorrhage represents a critical complication of mechanical circulatory support requiring constant antithrombotic treatment. Surgery of intraparenchymal hemorrhage under anticoagulation represents a challenge and imposes significant risks for patients. It was the aim to analyse surgical and clinical outcome of patients requiring surgical treatment due to intraparenchymal hemorrhage.

Methods

Patients with mechanical circulatory support requiring surgical therapy due to space-occupying lobar supratentorial or infratentorial hemorrhage from January 1, 2009 to January 1, 2014 were included in our study. Baseline parameters are preoperative International Normalized Ratio (INR) values, postoperative anticoagulation regiment, bleeding size and localization. Co-primary outcome parameters were the extent of hematoma evacuation and the Modified Rankin Scale at discharge from hospital. Secondary outcome parameters included rate of recurrent hemorrhage, rate of revision surgery and in-hospital mortality.

Results

Twelve patients (mean age 44?±?18 years, nine supratentorial-/three infratentorial hemorrhages, 11 left ventricular assist devices, and one extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) were included. Surgical hematoma evacuation was performed in 11 patients, one patient received decompressive hemicraniectomy. Hematoma evacuation was complete in no patients, and partial in 11 patients. Initial INR was 2,7?±?1,6. Rate of recurrent hemorrhage was 75 %. Revision surgery was performed in three patients achieving partial hematoma evacuation in two patients and complete evacuation in one patient. Modified Rankin Scale at discharge from hospital was six in nine patients (in-hospital mortality of 75 %), five in two patients and four in one patient.

Conclusions

Surgical treatment of life threatening, space-occupying intraparenchymal hemorrhage under mechanical circulation support is of limited efficacy with high rates of recurrent hemorrhage and in-hospital mortality. We provide additional data that postponing anticoagulation is feasible and may lead to improved clinical outcome and survival.     

Post-bulbar ulcer,features of diagnosis,tactics and surgical conduct

From the diversity of places of duodenal ulcers, those postbulbars represent particular anatomo-clinical forms, due to the implication of pancreas and liver, accompanying by chronic pancreatitis, relation with papilla, multitude of ulcers and their serious complications (giant ulcers, hemorrhages, penetrations). Our experience is based on 324 patients with PBU which have been operated during 30 years (1970-2000), which represent 7.4% from the total number of duodenal ulcers operated in the same period. Men/women rate is 8/1. Ages between 40-60 years old plead in favor of vascular element (hypoxia) in the determination of lesion of PBU. The medical treatment being usually reflector definitive the absolute surgical indication which needs special tactical and technical approaches, taking into consideration the particularities of duodenum, implication of pancreas, gallbladder and papilla. In the surgical treatment of PBU we used most frequently the operation Pean-Billroth I--128 cases (39%), followed by the conservative operations in association with vagotomy--122 cases (34.5%). We have got good postoperative results in using of the exclusion operations--42 cases (13%) and exclusion resections--Finstere-Plenk--26 cases (8%). Preservation of duodenum in the digestive transit was possible in 89% of cases. General postoperative mortality was 1.5%, in hemorrhages the postoperative mortality was 4.1%.     

Aspects of clinical course and treatment of the gastroduodenal ulcer perforation in combination with hemorrhage

The results of treatment of 51 patients with gastroduodenal ulcer perforation (GDUP) in combination with hemorrhage were analyzed. Frequency of this complication in the gastroduodenal perforative ulcers structure had constituted 2.5%. The GDUP clinical variants in combination with hemorrhage were delineated depending on the time of the particular complication occurrence, the peculiarities of their clinical course were depicted. Necessity of an early radical operative intervention was substantiated as well as application of active surgical tactics while postoperative hemorrhage occurrence. Postoperative mortality was 29.4%.     

Long-term results after stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with cavernous malformations

OBJECTIVE: Stereotactic radiosurgery has been used for patients with high-risk cavernous malformations of the brain. We performed radiosurgery for patients with symptomatic, imaging-confirmed hemorrhages for which resection was believed to be associated with high risk. This study examines the long-term hemorrhage rate after radiosurgery. METHODS: We reviewed data obtained before and after gamma knife radiosurgery on 82 patients treated between 1987 and 2000. Most patients had multiple hemorrhages from brainstem or diencephalic cavernous malformations. Follow-up data were examined to identify hemorrhages, and an overall hemorrhage rate was calculated. RESULTS: Observation before treatment averaged 4.33 years (range, 0.17-18 yr) for a total of 354 patient-years. During this period, 202 hemorrhages were observed, for an annual hemorrhage rate of 33.9%, excluding the first hemorrhage. Temporal clustering of hemorrhages was not significant. After radiosurgery, patient follow-up averaged 5 years (range, 0.42-12.08 yr), for a total of 401 patient-years. During this period, 19 hemorrhages were identified, 17 in the first 2 years posttreatment and 2 after 2 years. The annual hemorrhage rate was 12.3% per year for the first 2 years after radiosurgery, followed by 0.76% per year from Years 2 to 12. Eleven patients had new neurological symptoms without hemorrhage after radiosurgery (13.4%). The symptoms were minor in six of these patients and temporary in five. CONCLUSION: Radiosurgery confers a reduction in the risk of hemorrhage for high-risk cavernous malformations. Risk reduction, although in evidence during initial follow-up, is most pronounced after 2 years. Given the difficulty of identifying high-risk patients, treatment after one major hemorrhage should be considered in selected younger patients. Such a strategy warrants further investigation.     

Diagnosis of pre-recurrent syndrome in bleeding ulcer of the stomach and duodenum

The individual surgical strategy used in the recent years has allowed to improve results of treatment of patients with ulcerous gastroduodenal bleedings. A considerable number of recurrent hemorrhages due to insufficiently reliable prognosis is responsible for high lethality in this pathology. An investigation of pathogenesis of rebleedings as well as a statistical analysis of 249 case histories of patients with ulcerous hemorrhages allowed detection of most significant clinico-laboratory and endoscopic signs of recurrent bleeding. Of the greatest importance were case histories of collapse, active bleeding by G.P. Gidikir, size of the ulcer and blood loss indices. The program Statistica 5.5 (USA, 1998) was used for the development of the algorithm of prognosis of recurrent bleeding as three trees of solutions. The prognosis exactness by each of the trees was about 80%. The combined use of several trees substantially increased the prognosis reliability. The method can be recommended for wide practical application due to its simplicity and exactness.     

Acute hydrocephalus and death one month after non-surgical treatment for acute cerebellar hemorrhage. Case report.

Acute cerebellar hemorrhages, treated medically with subsequent complete recovery, have been designated "benign cerebellar hemorrhages." Ordinarily, acute cerebellar hemorrhage does require early surgical intervention and reported surgical mortality is relatively low (17%) in awake patients with this lesion. Clinical studies have shown that, after a period of approximately 2 weeks, the predicted mortality for this disorder becomes less than the operative mortality, and patients are then expected to recover. The author reports a case, with serial computerized tomography scanning, in which deterioration and death occurred 4 weeks after acute cerebellar hemorrhage. It is concluded that surgical intervention should be considered early in the clinical course of all cases of acute cerebellar hemorrhage.     

Surgical management of brainstem cavernomas.

OBJECT: A careful retrospective analysis of 36 cases was performed to evaluate the pre- and postoperative rates of morbidity that occur in patients with brainstem cavernous angiomas. METHODS: The authors evaluated immediate postoperative and follow-up outcomes with regard to clinical findings, the incidence of preoperative hemorrhage(s), location and size of the lesions, and the timing of the surgical procedure after the last hemorrhagic event. Specifically. the following parameters were analyzed: 1) number of hemorrhages; 2) the precise brainstem location (pontomesencephalic, pons, and medulla oblongata); 3) pre- and postoperative cranial nerve status; 4) pre- and postoperative motor and sensory deficits; 5) size (volume) of the lesions; and 6) pre- and postoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores. Multiple hemorrhages were observed in 16 patients, particularly in those with pontomesencephalic cavernous angiomas (75%). The mean preoperative KPS score was 70.3 +/- 16.3 (+/- standard deviation). Twenty-six patients (72.2%) presented with cranial nerve impairment, 13 (36.1%) with motor deficits, and 17 (47.2%) with sensory disturbance. Volume of the lesions ranged from 0.18 to 18.18 cm3 (mean 4.75 cm3). Postoperative complications included new cranial nerve deficits in 17 patients, motor deficits in three, and new sensory disturbances in 12 patients. In a mean follow-up period of 21.5 months, KPS scores were 80 to 100 in 22 patients. Timing of surgery (posthemorrhage) and multiple hemorrhages did not influence the long-term results. Higher preoperative KPS scores and smaller-volume lesions, however, were factors associated with a better final outcome (p < 0.05). Major morbidity was related mainly to preoperative status and less to surgical treatment. The incidence of new postoperative cranial nerve deficits was clearly lower than that demonstrated preoperatively because of the brainstem hemorrhages. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these findings, resection of brainstem cavernomas is the treatment of choice in the majority of these cases because of the high incidence of morbidity related to one or often several brainstem hemorrhages.     

Amyloid angiopathy — a rare cause of intracerebral hemorrhage

The cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), morphologically characterized by amyloid deposition in the vessel walls which are altered to rigid tubes, is a chronic disease of the cortical and meningeal vessels and can cause intracerebral hemorrhages (1,5% of all intracerebral bleedings). We report the course of five surgically treated patients with lobar space-occupying intracerebral hemorrhages and CAA confirmed by histological examination. All patients were elderly (74–84 years), in good condition, and self-providing before the hemorrhage. There were no signs of dementia of the Alzheimer's type. In four cases, CT showed a hematoma in the parietooccipital, and in one case in the temporo-parietal, region. After surgical evacuation, two patients recovered, one patient remained in bad condition, and two patients died from recurrent hemorrhage within two weeks. Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage of lobar localisation in an elderly patient strongly suggests CAA. The prognosis seems to be poor in cases with recurrent hemorrhage, the other patients presented an uneventful course, comparable with patients operated on for intracerebral bleeding of other origin. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate the prognosis of this entity.     

小孔多方位颅内血肿清除术在高血压脑出血治疗中的价值分析

目的探讨小孔多方位颅内血肿清除术对高血压脑出血的临床疗效。方法选取2013年4月-2014年2月我院收治的120例高血压脑出血患者作为研究对象,将其随机分为治疗组65例和对照组55例。治疗组给予小孔多方位颅内血肿清除术治疗,对照组给予传统开颅血肿清除术。比较两组在总有效率、并发症发生率、病死率中的差异。结果治疗组总有效率为81.54%,并发症发生率为1.54%,病死率为4.62%;对照组总有效率为41.82%,并发症发生率为16.36%,病死率为18.18%。治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组,且并发症发生率及病死率明显低于对照组,均具有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论小孔多方位颅内血肿清除术对高血压脑出血有治疗作用,且疗效优于传统开颅血肿清除术。     

Intracranial arteriovenous malformations. Conservative and surgical treatment

The authors present a consecutive series of 145 patients admitted to the Institute of Neurosurgery of Rome University with an intracranial arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Of these, 95 received surgical care, and 50 were treated conservatively. Total removal of the AVM was performed in all but three of the patients treated surgically, and all underwent postoperative angiography. The postoperative mortality was 6.3%. A long-term follow-up study showed a mortality rate of 20% in the group of patients receiving conservative treatment, while no recurrence of bleeding was observed in the surgical group. The choice of treatment of these malformations is still an open question. The authors' contribution to the discussion is based on the late results of both surgical and conservative treatment.     

Massive hemorrhage from ileostomy and colostomy stomas due to mucocutaneous varices in patients with coexisting cirrhosis.

Enterostomal varices have been recognized as a cause of serious recurrent hemorrhage in patients with portal hypertension secondary to cirrhosis. Most often the varices at the mucocutaneous junction are the source of the hemorrhage. Three patients--two with hemorrhages from ileostomies and one with hemorrhages from a colostomy--are presented. Local measures have proved successful in controlling hemorrhages. Occasionally direct pressure alone will prove sufficient; more often the bleeding varix will need ligation. Complete revision of the enterostomy under local anesthesia can effect total disruption of the protal-systemic shunt and temporarily can eliminate local hemorrhage. Surgically created portasystemic shunts may be considered in good risk patients in order to eliminate hemorrhage from the stomal varices. Palliative local measures, however, remain the treatment of choice in the high-risk, cirrhotic patient who is unlikely to survive a major operation.     

胰十二指肠切除术后晚期出血的诊断与治疗

目的总结胰十二指肠切除术后晚期出血的诊断与治疗经验。方法回顾性分析2002年1月至2013年2月新疆医科大学第一附属医院收治的246例行胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料。胰头及壶腹部恶性肿瘤行标准胰十二指肠切除术或联合脏器切除,良性肿瘤及十二指肠乳头肿瘤行保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术。消化道吻合采用胰肠或胰胃吻合两种方式。患者术后出血时间〉5d定义为晚期出血。消化道出血为消化道出血组,腹腔出血为腹腔出血组。按出血程度分为轻度和重度出血。采取保守治疗和手术治疗（包括介入和开腹手术治疗）两种方法治疗晚期出血。计数资料组间比较采用Fisher确切概率法。结果246例患者中行标准胰十二指肠切除术224例,行保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术10例,行胰十二指肠切除联合门静脉切除或置换术9例,行胰十二指肠切除联合肠系膜上静脉置换术1例,行胰十二指肠切除联合肝方叶切除术1例,行胰十二指肠切除联合左半肝切除术1例。246例患者中行改良胰肠端侧吻合127例,行胰胃套入吻合53例,行传统胰肠端端套人吻合39例,行胰管空肠黏膜对黏膜吻合27例。患者围手术期死亡15例,病死率为6．10％（15／246）。术后29例患者发生晚期出血,出血发生率为11．79％（29／246）。其中消化道出血14例,腹腔出血15例。29例出血患者中轻度出血9例（消化道出血5例、腹腔出血4例）;重度出血20例（消化道出血9例、腹腔出血11例）。17例患者术后发生先兆出血,其中消化道出血5例、腹腔出血12例。29例患者均经常规保守治疗,消化道出血组患者保守治疗成功率为8／14,腹腔出血组为2／15,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。保守治疗失败患者均中转手术治疗。20例重度出血患者中行手术治疗19例,1例经保守治疗成功。9例轻度出血患者全部行保守治疗,1例因肺部感染死亡,其余均获治愈。29例术后晚期出血患者中死亡10例,病死率为34．5％（10／29）。消化道出血组患者病死率为2／14,腹腔出血组为8／15,两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论胰十二指肠切除术后晚期出血常有先兆出血征象,出血程度多为重度。消化道出血经保守治疗多可治愈,腹腔出血需积极手术治疗。     

Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery for Recurrent Spontaneous Pneumothorax: The Long-term Benefit

Background Management of recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax by open surgery was considered the treatment of choice until recently. The major drawbacks of this management are the prolonged postoperative pain and cosmetic results. In the last decade, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has replaced the routine use of open surgery. Most papers that compared limited open surgery to VATS addressed the early postoperative results, and studies that assessed the long-term results focused primarily on the rate of recurrence and pulmonary function tests. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of minithoracotomy and VATS with emphasis on patients’ long-term, subjective perspective and satisfaction. Methods Medical records of patients with recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who underwent surgical treatment by limited thoracotomy (63 patients) or VATS (58 patients) more than 3 years ago were enrolled. Hospital medical charts were used to compare the early postoperative results. Outpatient clinic records and a telephone questionnaire were employed to evaluate long-term results. Results There was no mortality or major morbidity in either group, and hospitalization time was similar. Patients in the thoracotomy group needed significantly higher doses of narcotic analgesia for a longer period. There were two cases of recurrence in the VATS group (3%). Seventy-eight percent of patients in the VATS and 21% in the thoracotomy group classified their pain as insignificant a month following the operation (P < 0.05). Three years following surgery, 97% of the VATS group patients considered themselves completely recovered from the operation compared with only 79% in the thoracotomy group (P < 0.05). Nineteen percent of the thoracotomy group and 3% of the VATS group suffered from chronic or intermittent pain necessitating use of analgesics more than once a month. Thirteen percent of patients from the open procedure group required services from the pain clinic. Patients in the VATS group were, in general, much more satisfied with their operation and with the surgical scars compared with patients from the thoracotomy group. Conclusion We recommend video-assisted surgery as the first-line surgical treatment for patients with recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax. This recommendation is based on its somewhat favorable early postoperative course, the superior long-term outcome, and patient satisfaction.     

Optimization of strategy of surgical treatment for acute destructive pancreatitis

Results of surgical treatment of 142 patients with acute destructive pancreatitis were analyzed. The treatment of patients was divided into two periods. The first period included 59 (41.5%) patients when active surgical strategy was used. The second period of observations included 83 (53.5%) patients with the optimized strategy of treatment based on intensive therapy, prognosis of the course of the disease, new antibacterial medicines and new technologies of operative treatment. A comparison of the results of treatment has revealed the advantages of using the optimized strategy and allowed the postoperative lethality to be reduced from 59.3 to 32.5%.     

改良Walker′s术治疗门静脉高压症术后再出血的体会

目的回顾评价改良的经胸食管横断术（改良Walker＇s术）方式治疗门静脉高压症术后再出血的效果。方法根据Sugiura术的血液动力学原理,将经胸食管横断术进行改良（改良Walker＇s术）,在食管下段较低位置阻断食管静脉血流的同时,离断腹段残留或复发的冠状静脉属支。结果本组共52例,择期手术48例,无手术死亡;急症手术4例,1例死于肝功能衰竭。本组中5例失访,有45例获得长期随访,结果在术后1年5个月因肝功能衰竭死亡1例,术后2～3年2例死于肝癌;术后4～5年3例因肝功能衰竭、肝肾综合症死亡;存活5年以上者有39例,5年生存率75%（9/52）。有1例患者已经再手术后生存23年。结论改良Walker＇s术适用于门静脉高压症术后再出血患者,该手术简单易掌握、止血可靠,近期、远期效果良好。