右美托咪定对脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术中唤醒试验的影响

目的 评价右美托咪定对脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术中唤醒试验的影响.方法 选择拟行脊柱侧弯矫形术患者60例,年龄13～ 18岁,ASA分级Ⅰ级.采用随机数字表法,将患者随机分为2组(n=30)∶舒芬太尼组(S组)和右美托咪定+舒芬太尼组(DS组).两组均采用舒芬太尼、依托咪酯、顺阿曲库铵麻醉诱导,气管插管后机械通气,靶控吸入七氟醚复合靶控输注舒芬太尼维持麻醉.DS组麻醉诱导后静脉输注右美托咪定0.2 μg·kg-1·h-1至术毕,S组以等容量生理盐水替代.唤醒试验前停止输注顺阿曲库铵,下调七氟醚呼气末靶浓度至0;S组、DS组分别下调舒芬太尼Ce至0.1、0.08ng/ml.5 min后开始唤醒试验.记录唤醒时间、唤醒期间呛咳/躁动和心血管事件的发生情况.术后随访患者,记录术中知晓的发生情况.结果 DS组唤醒时无心血管事件发生.与S组比较,DS组唤醒时间缩短,心血管事件、呛咳/躁动的发生率降低(P＜0.05).术后随访无一例发生术中知晓.结论 右美托咪定可用于脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术中唤醒试验,唤醒时间短,血液动力学平稳,不良反应少.     

异丙酚、地氟醚或七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼麻醉对脑功能区手术患者术中唤醒试验的影响

目的 探讨异丙酚、地氟醚或七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼麻醉对脑功能区手术患者术中唤醒试验的影响.方法 择期拟行脑功能区肿瘤切除术患者60例,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,年龄18～60岁,随机分为3组:异丙酚组(P组)、地氟醚组(D组)及七氟醚组(S组),每组20例.静脉注射依托咪酯0.3mg/kg、芬太尼3 μg/kg、维库溴铵0.1 mg/kg行麻醉诱导,采用1%丁卡因喉头及气管粘膜表面麻醉后行气管插管.P组、D组和S组分别靶控输注异丙酚,血浆靶浓度2.0μg/ml,持续吸入地氟醚、七氟醚1.5 MAC维持麻醉.各组均靶控输注瑞芬太尼,血浆靶浓度2.5 ng/ml,唤醒试验前血浆靶浓度降为0.5 ng/ml,静脉注射曲马多100mg,停用麻醉药,行唤醒试验.记录唤醒时间,观察唤醒试验时躁动及寒颤的发生情况.结果 各组患者唤醒时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),P组寒颤发生率较D组和S组高(P<0.05).结论 采用异丙酚、地氟醚或七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼麻醉,脑功能区手术患者术中唤醒时间无差别,地氟醚或七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼麻醉时有关并发症发生率低,更适用于术中唤醒试验.     

脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术中唤醒试验成功时舒芬太尼的半数有效效应室靶浓度

目的 确定脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术中唤醒试验成功时舒芬太尼的半数有效效应室靶浓度(EC50).方法 拟在七氟醚-舒芬太尼复合麻醉下行脊柱侧弯矫形术患者90例,年龄18～64岁,BMI＜30 kg/m2,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级.采用分层随机法将患者分为6组(n=15):Ⅰ组～Ⅵ组.各组均采用舒芬太尼、依托咪酯和顺阿曲库铵麻醉诱导,气管插管后机械通气,采用七氟醚、舒芬太尼和顺阿曲库铵维持麻醉.唤醒试验前停止输注顺阿曲库铵,下调七氟醚呼气末靶浓度至0,设定Ⅰ组唤醒试验时舒芬太尼Ce0.19 ng/ml,Ⅱ组Ce 0.18 ng/ml,相邻两组Ce梯度为0.01 ng/ml,每组依次递减.5 min后开始唤醒.采用半数有效剂量试验设计寇氏法,计算舒芬太尼的EC50及其95％可信区间.结果 脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术中唤醒试验成功时舒芬太尼的EC50为0.164 ng/ml,其95％CI为0.157～ 0.172ng/ml.结论 脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术中唤醒试验成功时舒芬太尼的EC50为0.164 ng/ml.     

老年患者七氟醚复合麻醉与异丙酚复合麻醉效果的比较

目的 比较老年患者七氟醚复合麻醉与异丙酚复合麻醉的效果.方法 择期行腹部手术的老年患者60例,年龄65～80岁,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,随机分为2组(n=30):七氟醚复合麻醉组(S组)和异丙酚复合麻醉组(P组).麻醉诱导:舒芬太尼初始效应室靶浓度为0.25 ng/ml,异丙酚初始血浆靶浓度为2.0 μg/ml,患者意识消失时,静脉注射罗库溴铵0.6 mg/kg,气管插管后行机械通气.麻醉维持:S组吸入七氟醚,呼气末浓度1.0%～2.0%,P组靶控输注异丙酚,血浆靶浓度2～4 μg/ml,两组均靶控输注舒芬太尼,效应室靶浓度0.15 ng/ml,静脉输注罗库溴铵0.15 mg·kg-1·h-1.两组均维持脑电双频谱指数40～60,平均动脉压、心率波动不超过基础值的30%.记录围术期血管活性药物使用情况、苏醒时间、拔管时间和清醒时间.结果 与P组比较,S组乌拉地尔使用率降低,苏醒时间、拔管时间和清醒时间缩短(P<0.05或0.01).结论 与异丙酚复合舒芬太尼麻醉比较,老年患者七氟醚复合舒芬太尼麻醉时血液动力学更加平稳,麻醉恢复较快,更适于老年患者.     

纳美芬对儿童脊柱侧弯矫形术术中唤醒试验的影响

目的评价纳美芬对儿童脊柱侧弯矫形术术中唤醒试验的影响。方法选择年龄在8～14岁脊柱侧弯患儿50例,ASAI～Ⅱ级。将患儿随机分为2组,舒芬太尼组（S组25例）和纳美芬＋舒芬太尼组（NS组25例）。两组患儿均采用舒芬太尼、丙泊酚和罗库溴铵快速诱导插管,NS组诱导后静脉给予纳美芬0．2μg／kg,术中均以吸入七氟醚和泵注瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚维持麻醉。唤醒试验前依次停止吸入七氟醚及静脉麻醉药,待自主呼吸恢复后开始进行唤醒试验,记录两组患儿入室时（T0）、诱导后（T1）、手术开始时（T2）、七氟醚停止吸入时（T3）、唤醒试验开始时（T4）、唤醒试验开始后5min（T5）、唤醒试验开始后10min（T6）、唤醒试验结束前（T7）的心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、脑电双频指数BIS值;记录停止麻醉药物到唤醒试验成功时间;记录患儿对指令的配合程度（唤醒质量）。结果与S组相比,NS组患儿在唤醒试验过程中MAP明显降低（P〈0．05）,呛咳和躁动的发生率降低。结论纳美芬用于儿童脊柱侧弯矫形术有助于维持术中唤醒试验时血流动力学的稳定,提高唤醒质量,不影响唤醒时间,具有良好的保护效应。     

瑞芬太尼复合麻醉患者术后急性阿片类药物耐受的发生

目的 评价瑞芬太尼复合麻醉患者术后急性阿片类药物耐受的发生情况。方法 60例择期手术患者随机分为3组（n=20），吸入麻醉组吸入1．3 MAC异氟醚和氧化亚氮维持麻醉;静脉麻醉组靶控输注（TCI）异丙酚（血浆靶浓度3μg／ml）、瑞芬太尼（血浆靶浓度4 ng／ml）维持麻醉;复合麻醉组吸入0．8 MAC异氟醚和氧化亚氮及TCI瑞芬太尼（血浆靶浓度2 ng／ml）维持麻醉。观察术后早期恢复阶段（30 min）患者的疼痛评分及吗啡用量。结果 静脉麻醉组和复合麻醉组在术后早期恢复阶段的疼痛评分及吗啡用量均高于吸入麻醉组（P〈0．05），但2组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉 0．05）。结论 患者瑞芬太尼复合TCI异丙酚或复合吸入异氟醚麻醉均可导致急性阿片类药物耐受的发生。     

术中唤醒试验对舒芬太尼镇痛下脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术后谵妄的影响

目的 评价术中唤醒试验对舒芬太尼镇痛下脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术后谵妄的影响.方法 拟行脊柱侧弯矫形术患者60例,年龄12～60岁,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级.采用分层随机法,将患者随机分为2组(n=30):术中不行唤醒试验组(C组)和术中唤醒试验组(W组).麻醉诱导:靶控输注舒芬太尼,Ce 0.5 ng/ml,静脉注射异丙酚1～2 mg/kg、顺苯磺阿曲库铵0.15 mg/kg,气管插管后行机械通气.麻醉维持:靶控吸入七氟醚,呼气末靶浓度0.8%～1.5%,靶控输注舒芬太尼,Ce 0.2～0.3ng/ml,静脉输注顺苯磺阿曲库铵0.1 mg·kg-1·h-1.术中两侧内固定棒安装后,W组行唤醒试验.术后采用舒芬太尼镇痛.术后3 d内维持患者夜间睡眠8 h以上.记录术中知晓和术后谵妄发生情况.结果 两组术中知晓和术后谵妄发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 对舒芬太尼镇痛下脊柱侧弯矫形术患者,术中唤醒试验并非术后谵妄发生的危险因素,可能与舒芬太尼镇痛有效地抑制围术期疼痛及术中知晓有关.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effect of the intraoperative wake-up test on the postoperative delirium in patients undergoing scoliosis operation under analgesia with sufentanil. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients , aged 12-60 yr, scheduled for scoliosis surgery, were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 30 each) : control group (group C) and intraoperative wake-up test group (group W) . The intraoperative wake-up test was not performed during operation in group C. Anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion of sufentanil with the target effect-site concentration set at 0.5 ng/ml and iv injection of propofol 1-2 nig/kg. As soon as the patients lost consciousness, tracheal intubation was facilitated with 0.15 mg/kg cisatracurium besylate. The patients were mechanically ventilated. Anesthesia was maintained with target-controlled inhalation of sevoflurane (target end-tidal concentration 0. 8%-1. 5%), target-controlled infusion of sufentanil (target effect-site concentration 0.2-0.3 ng/ml) and iv infusion of cisatracurium besylate 0.1 mg- kg-1·h-1 . In group W, the patients underwent the intraoperative wake-up test. Postoperative analgesia was provided with sufentanil. The occurrence of intraoperative awareness and postoperative delirium was recorded. Results No significant difference was found in the incidences of intraoperative awareness and postoperative delirium between the two groups. Conclusion The intraoperative wake-up test is not the risk factor for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing scoliosis surgery under analgesia with sufentanil, and inhibition of perioperative pain and intraoperative awareness by analgesia with sufentanil may be involved in the mechanism.     

单纯七氟醚吸入麻醉与异丙酚-舒芬太尼静脉麻醉用于妇科日间手术患者效果的比较

目的 比较单纯七氟醚吸入麻醉与异丙酚-舒芬太尼静脉麻醉用于妇科日间手术患者的效果.方法 拟行门 诊人上流产术患者140例,年龄18～35岁,体重45～ 65kg,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法,将患者随机分为2组(n=70):异丙酚-舒芬太尼静脉麻醉组(Ⅰ组)和单纯七氟醚吸入麻醉组(Ⅱ组).Ⅰ组静脉注射舒芬太尼0.2μg/kg,静脉输注1％异丙酚2～3mg· kg -1·min-1,睫毛反射消失后,以3～4 mg·kg-1·h-1的速率静脉输注.Ⅱ组面罩吸入8％七氟醚,氧流量6 L/min,待睫毛反射消失后,将氧流量调至3 L/min,七氟醚挥发罐划度调至2％～3％.记录麻醉诱导时间、苏醒时间、手术时间、术中低氧血症发生情况、体动情况及相关不良事件发生情况.结果 与Ⅰ组比较,Ⅱ组麻醉诱导时间延长,苏醒期躁动、恶心、呕吐发生率升高,性幻觉发生率降低(P＜0.05),手术时间、苏醒时间、寒战、低氧血症发生率和体动反应分级比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 与单纯七氟醚吸入麻醉相比,异丙酚-舒芬太尼静脉麻醉更适用于妇科日间手术患者,有利于改善患者麻醉恢复质量.     

瑞芬太尼复合异氟醚麻醉对脊柱侧凸矫形术患者术中唤醒试验的影响

目的 评价瑞芬太尼复合异氟醚吸入麻醉对脊柱侧凸矫形术患者术中唤醒试验的影响。方法 40例全麻下行脊柱侧凸矫形术患者，ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级，年龄8～20岁，随机分为2组：芬太尼组（F组）和瑞芬太尼组（R组），每组20例。低流量吸入异氟醚（新鲜气流量为1L／min，N2O：O2=1：1）维持麻醉。F组间断静脉注射芬太尼1—1．5μg／kg维持镇痛；R组静脉输注瑞芬太尼0．2／μg·kg^-1·min^-1维持镇痛，唤醒试验开始时调至0．05／Lg·kg^-1·min^-1，唤醒试验后恢复原速度至手术结束。于相应时点记录唤醒时间、呼气末异氟醚浓度（ETiso）以及平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR），唤醒试验中呛咳，躁动、术后恢复时间、术后恶心呕吐（PONV）发生情况及PCA吗啡用量。结果 R组较F组唤醒时间缩短，唤醒试验前HR及ETiso降低（P〈0．05），术后吗啡用量增加（P〈0．01），两组患者PONV发生情况差异无统计学意义，未见术中知晓发生。结论 静脉输注瑞芬太尼复合吸入异氟醚麻醉可缩短术中唤醒时间；与芬太尼相比，更适用于脊柱侧凸矫形术患者。     

复合异丙酚时舒芬太尼抑制置入输尿管镜时病人体动反应的半数有效效应室靶浓度

目的 确定复合异丙酚时舒芬太尼抑制置入输尿管镜时病人体动反应的半数有效效应室靶浓度(EC50).方法 择期行经尿道输尿管镜钬激光碎石术病人50例,性别不限,年龄20～60岁,BMI＜30 kg/m2,ASA分级Ⅰ级或Ⅱ级,随机分为不同舒芬太尼效应室靶浓度组(n=10),S1组、S2组、S3组、S4组和S5组舒芬太尼效应室靶浓度分别0.21、0.14、0.09、0.06、0.04 ng/ml.靶控输注异丙酚,血浆靶浓度2.5～3.0μg/ml,各组按相应效应室靶浓度靶控输注舒芬太尼,待病人意识消失且舒芬太尼达效应室浓度时置入输尿管镜,以进镜即刻至进镜后1 min内病人发生体动反应(咳嗽和吞咽动作除外)为阳性反应.采用Bliss法计算复合异丙酚时舒芬太尼抑制置入输尿管镜时病人体动反应的EC50为及其95%可信区间.结果 复合异丙酚时舒芬太尼抑制置入输尿管镜时病人体动反应的EC50为0.084 ng/ml,95%可信区间为0.066～0.107 ng/ml.结论复合异丙酚时,舒芬太尼抑制置入输尿管镜时病人体动反应的EC50为0.084 ng/ml.     

Effect of the intraoperative wake-up test in sevoflurane-sufentanil combined anesthesia during adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery: a randomized study

Study ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of the intraoperative wake-up test on sevoflurane-sufentanil anesthesia for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) surgery.DesignRandomized, double-blind, parallel trial.SettingOperating room.Patients30 ASA physical status 1 patients, aged 13 to 20 years, scheduled for AIS surgery.InterventionsPatients were randomized to two groups: Group W patients received sevoflurane-sufentanil combined anesthesia and underwent the intraoperative wake-up test; Group NW received sevoflurane-sufentanil combined anesthesia without the wake-up test. Anesthesia was induced with an intravenous (IV) injection of midazolam, propofol, and sufentanil and maintained with sevoflurane inhalation, a target-controlled infusion (TCI) of sufentanil, and IV infusion of cisatracurium besylate.MeasurementsThe primary outcome was postoperative delirium. Secondary outcomes were duration of surgery, duration of anesthesia, intraoperative blood loss and transfusion, exposure of drugs administered, time to eye opening, extubation, and consciousness.Main ResultsPostoperative delirium occurred in one patient from each group (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in duration of surgery (322 ± 65 min vs 336 ± 72 min), duration of anesthesia (356 ± 76 min vs 368 ± 81 min), intraoperative blood loss (1847 ± 423 mL vs 1901 ± 451 mL) and transfusion (1663 ± 398 mL vs 1649 ± 382 mL), average exposure of drugs (72 ± 13 mg vs 75 ± 15 mg for propofol, 116 ± 28 μg vs 109 ± 25 μg for sufentanil, and 22 ± 5 vs 23 ± 4 mg for cisatracurium), time to eye opening (4.7 ± 1.5 min vs 4.8 ± 1.4 min), extubation (7.5 ± 2.0 min vs 7.3 ± 2.2 min), and consciousness (8.9 ± 1.8 min vs 9.1 ± 2.1 min) (all P > 0.05).ConclusionsSevoflurane-sufentanil combined anesthesia provides hemodynamic stability and rapid recovery from AIS surgery. There is no correlation between the intraoperative wake-up test and postoperative delirium after sevoflurane-sufentanil combined anesthesia.     

舒芬太尼复合TCI异丙酚抑制前列腺电切术老年患者尿道镜置入反应的半数有效效应室靶浓度

目的 确定舒芬太尼复合TCI异丙酚抑制经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)老年患者尿道镜置入反应的半数有效效应室靶浓度(EC50).方法 拟行TURP的患者22例,年龄65～79岁,体重47～81 kg,ASA分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级.TCI异丙酚,血浆靶浓度4 μg/ml,异丙酚达到靶浓度后开始TCI舒芬太尼;采用序贯法,按照患者是否发生尿道镜置入反应确定舒芬太尼的效应室靶浓度,初始效应室靶浓度为0.3 ng/ml,相邻浓度比值为1.1.计算舒芬太尼的EC50及其95%可信区间.结果 舒芬太尼抑制尿道镜置入反应的EC50为0.23 ng/ml,95%可信区间为0.12～0.44 ng/ml.结论 复合TCI异丙酚(血浆靶浓度4 μg/ml)时,舒芬太尼抑制TURP老年患者尿道镜置入反应的EC50为0.23 ng/ml.

Abstract：

Objective To determine the half-effective target effect-site concentration (EC50 ) of sufentanil inhibiting the urethroscope insertion response when combined with propofol by target-controlled infusion (TCI) in the elderly patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) . Methods Twenty-two ASA Ⅰ- Ⅲ patients, aged 65 -79 yr, weighing 47-81 kg, undergoing TURP, were enrolled in the study. Anesthesia was performed with TCI of propofol and sufentanil. The target plasma concentration of propofol was 4 μg/ml. The target effect-site concentration of sufentanil was determined by up-and-down sequential trial. The initial target effect-site concentration of sufentanil was 0.3 ng/ml and the ratio of the target concentrations between the two consecutive patients was 1.1. The ECW and 95% confidence interval of sufentanil required to inhibit the response to urethroscope insertion were calculated. Results The EC50 of sufentanil required to inhibit the urethroscope insertion response was 0.23 ng/ml (95% confidence interval 0.12-0.44 ng/ml). Conclusion When combined with propofol by TCI (target plasma concentration 4 μg/ml), the EC50 of sufentanil inhibiting the response to urethroscope insertion is 0,23 ng/ml in the elderly patients undergoing TURP.     

右美托咪啶复合靶控输注异丙酚时舒芬太尼抑制双腔气管插管反应的量效关系

目的 确定右美托咪啶复合靶控输注(TCI)异丙酚时舒芬太尼抑制双腔气管插管反应的效应室靶浓度(EC50和EC95).方法 单肺通气全麻胸外科手术患者30例,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,年龄40 ～ 64岁,体重指数＜30 kg/m2.经10 min静脉输注右美托咪啶0.6 μg/kg,随后以0.3μg·kg-1·h-1的速率维持至手术结束前30 min.TCI舒芬太尼3 min后TCI异丙酚,Ce 3 μg/ml,意识消失时静脉注射罗库溴铵0.8 mg/kg行双腔气管插管.采用序贯法进行试验,TCI舒芬太尼初始Ce 0.3 ng/ml,如果前一例患者发生气管插管反应,则下一例患者采用高一级浓度,否则采用低一级浓度,相邻靶浓度之间比率为1.1.气管插管反应的标准:气管插管后3 min内MAP波动幅度超过基础水平15％和/或HR＞90次/min.采用概率单位回归分析法计算舒芬太尼抑制双腔气管插管反应的EC50和EC95.结果 舒芬太尼抑制双腔气管插管反应的EC50为0.23 ng/ml,其95％可信区间为0.20～0.26 ng/ml;抑制双腔气管插管反应的EC95为0.26 ng/ml,其95％可信区间为0.24～0.31 ng/ml.结论 右美托咪啶复合TCI异丙酚时,舒芬太尼抑制双腔气管插管反应的EC50和EC95分别为0.23和0.26 ng/ml.     

地氟醚复合吗啡快通道麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术的应用

目的 研究地氟醚复合吗啡快通道麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC） 的应用.方法 选择ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级LC 患者90 例,随机分为3 组：P 组（丙泊酚＋ 瑞芬太尼）、S 组（七氟醚＋瑞芬太尼）和D 组（地氟醚＋ 吗啡）,术前和诱导用药相同,麻醉维持：P 组静脉输注丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼和顺式阿曲库铵;S 组吸入七氟醚及静脉输注瑞芬太尼,不追加顺式阿曲库铵;D 组吸入地氟醚及静脉注射吗啡,不追加顺式阿曲库铵.术中观察血流动力学波动情况和呼吸恢复、拔管、离室时间、术中知晓发生率以及苏醒期躁动评分.结果 与P 组比较,D 组和S 组的血压和心率波动例数减少（P 〈 0.05）;与P 组和S 组比较,D 组呼吸恢复、拔管、离室的时间缩短（P 〈 0.05）,苏醒期躁动的评分较高（P 〈 0.05）.3 组患者均未出现术中知晓.结论 地氟醚复合吗啡快通道麻醉应用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术对血流动力学波动影响小,术后苏醒速度快、质量高.     

Prediction of effect-site concentration of sufentanil by dose–response target controlled infusion of sufentanil and propofol for analgesic and sedation maintenance in burn dressing changes

This study was to investigate the feasibility and efficiency of by target-controlled infusion (TCI) for analgesia and sedation during burn dressing change, and to predict the effect-site concentration of sufentanil. Eighty burn patients were randomly and evenly divided into four groups according to target sufentanil effect-site concentration (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 ng/ml). The sufentanil–propofol TCI was carried out during dressing changes. The effect-site concentration of propofol was maintained at 1.2 μg/ml. The dose–response relationships of sufentanil for providing adequate analgesia were evaluated by visual analog scales and Ramsay sedation scores. The effect-site concentration of sufentanil was calculated by Probit regression analysis. Incidence of respiratory depression, doctors and patients’ satisfaction and adverse events were assessed. The EC₅₀ and EC₉₅ of sufentanil to maintain anesthesia for uncovering the inner layer dressings during TCI were 0.278 ng/ml (95% CI 0.231–0.318 ng/ml) and 0.394 ng/ml (95% CI 0.366–0.530 ng/ml), respectively, while the EC₅₀ and EC₉₅ of sufentanil to maintain anesthesia for wound management were 0.349 ng/ml (95% CI 0.299–0.366 ng/ml) and 0.465 ng/ml (95% CI 0.430–0.563 ng/ml), respectively. Doctors and patients’ satisfaction were significantly higher in the 0.4 and 0.5 ng/ml groups than the 0.2 ng/ml group. One and three patients had respiratory depression in the 0.4 and 0.5 ng/ml groups, respectively. No adverse events occurred after operations. In conclusion, low dose sufentanil–propofol TCI for anesthesia and sedation maintenance in burn dressing changes is feasible and effective, and wound management requires higher effect-site concentrations of sufentanil than disclosing inner layer dressings.     

性别因素对七氟醚增强顺阿曲库铵或罗库溴铵肌松效应的影响

目的 探讨性别因素对七氟醚增强顺阿曲库铵或罗库溴铵肌松效应的影响.方法 择期全麻手术患者240例,年龄20～60岁,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,BMI 20～30 kg/m2,随机分为2组(n=120):顺阿曲库铵组和罗库溴铵组,各组按性别和麻醉药再分4个亚组(n=30):女性异丙酚组、男性异丙酚组、女性七氟醚组和男性七氟醚组.各异丙酚组靶控输注异丙酚,血浆靶浓度2～6 μg/ml,各七氟醚组吸入七氟醚,于靶控输注或待呼气末七氟醚浓度稳定于1.71%5 min后,静脉注射顺阿曲库铵0.15 mg/kg或罗库溴铵0.6 mg/kg.记录肌松起效时间、肌松作用峰值时间、T1 25%恢复时间和TOFR25%恢复时间.结果 与异丙酚麻醉比较,女性患者七氟醚麻醉时,罗库溴铵TOFR 25%恢复时间延长,顺阿曲库铵肌松作用峰值时间、T1 25%恢复时间和TOFR 25%恢复时间延长,男性患者七氟醚麻醉时,罗库溴铵起效时间缩短,肌松作用峰值时间、T1 25%恢复时间和TOFR 25%恢复时间延长,顺阿曲库铵肌松作用峰值时间、T1 25%恢复时间和TOFR 25%恢复时间延长(P＜0.05或0.01);七氟醚麻醉时与男性患者比较,女性患者罗库溴铵T1 25%恢复时间和TOFR 25%恢复时间缩短,顺阿曲库铵起效时间缩短(P＜0.05或0.01).结论 七氟醚对罗库溴铵肌松的增强作用存在性别差异,男性强于女性;对顺阿曲库铵肌松的增强作用无明显性别差异.