一氧化氮在鱼藤酮诱导的PC12细胞凋亡中的作用

目的研究一氧化氮在鱼藤酮诱导的PC12细胞凋亡中的作用.方法采用MTT法测定细胞增殖活力及鱼藤酮对PC12细胞的急性损伤效应,Greiss法测定NO2-含量,琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测细胞凋亡.结果MTT实验表明PC12细胞传代后7 d达到增殖高峰,低剂量L-NAME对PC12细胞有保护作用,在四个不同剂量L-NAME的比较试验中,100μmol/L的L-NAME对PC12细胞的保护作用最强.鱼藤酮亦可诱导PC12细胞DNA梯带的形成.另外,一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-NAME可以抑制鱼藤酮诱导的caspase-3蛋白酶的活力,L-NAME亦可抑制鱼藤酮诱导的NO的产生.结论一氧化氮和caspase-3共同参与了鱼藤酮诱导的PC12细胞凋亡.     

EGB761对人子宫颈癌Siha细胞株的促凋亡作用

目的:研究银杏叶提取物EGB761对人子宫颈癌Siha细胞的促凋亡作用。方法:EGB761干预人子宫颈癌Siha细胞后,CCK-8观察50、100和200mg/L不同浓度EGB761作用下人子宫颈癌Siha细胞的增殖状况,流式细胞仪分析用AnnexinV-FITC和PI双染检测不同浓度EGB761对人子宫颈癌Siha细胞凋亡的影响。结果:EGB761可抑制人子宫颈癌Siha细胞的增殖,呈浓度和时间依赖性反应;EGB761 100mg/L、200mg/L干预人子宫颈癌Siha细胞后,流式细胞仪检测显示细胞凋亡率明显升高(P<0.01)。结论:EGB761可诱导人子宫颈癌Siha细胞凋亡。     

莫达非尼抑制过氧化氢诱导的PC12细胞凋亡

目的:研究莫达非尼(modafinil)对过氧化氢诱导的PC12细胞凋亡的抑制作用,并对其机制进行探讨.方法:以噻唑兰(MTT)法测定PC12细胞存活率;用流式细胞术检测PC12细胞凋亡的百分率;测定细胞内罗丹明123(Rhodamine123)的荧光强度,反映细胞线粒体膜电位的改变.结果:莫达非尼能抑制过氧化氢(200 μmol/L)、硝普钠(500μmol/L)和连二亚硫酸钠(2 mmol/L)对PC12细胞的损伤.过氧化氢(200 μmol/L)24h可以诱导PC12细胞凋亡(凋亡率为32.65%).莫达非尼(15,7.5 μmol/L)显著降低凋亡细胞的百分率(凋亡百分率分别为7.95%、15.46%).并且莫达非尼可以抑制过氧化氢引起的线粒体膜电位降低.结论:莫达非尼对PC12细胞有保护作用.能抑制过氧化氢诱导的PC12细胞凋亡,这一作用可能与其抑制过氧化氢引起的线粒体膜电位降低有关.     

天麻素抗谷氨酸和氧自由基诱导的PC12细胞损伤的研究

目的：研究天麻素对谷氨酸和氧自由基所诱导的PC12细胞损伤的保护作用。方法：用谷氨酸和H2O2造成PC12细胞损伤模型，采用MTT比色法、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力检测法，探讨天麻素对兴奋性氨基酸和过氧化氢所致PC12细胞损伤的影响；采用Furd-3／AM为荧光指示剂，用Vector^2 1420研究天麻素对谷氨酸所致损伤PC12细胞内Ca^2 的作用；用流式细胞术检测该药对谷氨酸诱导PC12细胞凋亡的影响；利用荧光染色考察该药清除自由基的能力。结果：天麻素10^-7，10^-6，10^-5mol/L可明显提高谷氨酸诱导的PC12细胞还原MTT能力，抑制该细胞LDH的释放；天麻素还可抑制兴奋性氨基酸所引起的细胞内Ca^2 含量的升高；剂量相关性地降低PC12细胞的凋亡百分率。10^-6，10^-5moL／L剂量组可明显减轻H2O2引起的PC12细胞损伤；降低静息状态下PC12细胞内过氧化氢的含量。结论：天麻素可抑制兴奋性氨基酸诱导的细胞死亡和凋亡，具有清除自由基的能力，能对抗自由基诱导的PC12细胞的损伤，具有神经元保护作用。     

银杏叶提取物对6-OHDA致PC12细胞损伤的保护作用及机制

目的探讨6-羟基多巴胺（6-OHDA）对PC12细胞的损伤作用，观测银杏叶提取物（Ginkgo biloba extract，GBE）对该损伤的保护作用并探讨其作用机制。方法采用细胞培养的方法，建立PC12细胞的6-OHDA损伤模型。MTT比色试验检测细胞活性，Hoechst33342荧光染色观察细胞形态变化，ELISA法检测胞质多巴胺（DA）的含量，免疫印迹法检测caspase～3观察细胞凋亡。结果40mg／LGBE对100umol／L6～OHDA作用于PC12细胞24h具有一定的保护作用，GBE可明显升高6-OHDA诱导的PC12细胞DA的含量（与损伤组比较，P〈0．05），GBE可减少6-OHDA诱导的PCI2细胞caspase-3过度表达。结论GBE可减轻6-OHDA诱导的PCI2细胞损伤和凋亡，其作用可能与抑制caspase-3蛋白酶的激活有关。     

Phloretin对Aβ25-35诱导PC12细胞凋亡的影响及其机制

目的:探讨Aβ25-35(β-amyloid)诱导PC12细胞凋亡过程中氯通道阻断剂Phloretin的保护作用及其机制.方法:采用MTT比色,LDH(lactate dehydrogenase)活力检测、Hoechst33258染色和琼脂糖凝胶电泳比较正常对照组、Aβ25-35损伤组和Aβ25-35 PMoretin组的PC12细胞存活与凋亡;Western Blot印迹检测3组的JNK,P-JNK蛋白表达.结果:10 mmol/L Phloretin可明显抑制Aβ25-35诱导的PC12细胞凋亡,提高细胞存活率,减少LDH释放,减少PC12细胞核固缩、碎裂,降低P-JNK蛋白的表达(P<0.01).结论:小剂量氯通道阻断剂Phloretin对Aβ25-35诱导的PC12细胞凋亡具有保护性抑制作用,其机制与下调JNK的磷酸化激活有关.     

齐墩果酸对Aβ25-35诱导PC12细胞凋亡的影响及机制研究

目的 研究琐琐葡萄提取物齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid,OA)对β淀粉样蛋白25-35(Aβ25-35)诱导PC12细胞凋亡的保护作用及其机制.方法 采用20μmol/L Aβ25-35诱导PC12细胞损伤构建阿尔茨海默病(AD)细胞模型,20、40和80μg/mL OA干预,CCK-8法检测各组细胞的存活率,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)法检测细胞膜通透性及完整性,Annexin V-FITC流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,实时荧光定量PCR(real-time PCR)检测细胞凋亡相关基因bcl-2和bax表达.结果 与模型组比较,20、40和80μg/mL OA预处理可有效提高PC12细胞存活率,减少乳酸脱氢酶渗漏,降低细胞凋亡率,下调bax mRNA表达(P＜0.05),40、80μg/mL OA预处理上调bcl-2 mRNA表达(P＜0.05).结论 OA对Aβ25-35诱导的PC12细胞凋亡损伤具有明显的保护作用,其机制可能与OA通过调节细胞凋亡相关基因表达,从而抑制凋亡有关.     

表没食子儿茶素对缺氧损伤PC12细胞的保护作用

目的研究表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin-3-gallate,EGCG)对化学缺氧损伤PC12细胞的保护作用。方法建立氯化钴(Co Cl2)诱导PC12细胞化学缺氧损伤模型,实验分为对照组、EGCG组、缺氧组和联合组,通过测定细胞活力、细胞凋亡率、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性、细胞上清液中乳酸脱氢酶(lacticdehydrogenase,LDH)含量及Bcl-2、Akt蛋白表达,探讨EGCG对受损细胞的保护作用。结果氯化钴作用后,缺氧组细胞存活率较对照组降低(P0.05),联合组细胞存活率较缺氧组升高(P0.05);缺氧组细胞凋亡增加至34.2%,EGCG干预后,细胞凋亡率降至23.5%;缺氧组细胞SOD活性较对照组降低(P0.05),EGCG干预后可提高氯化钴诱导的细胞SOD活性降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。缺氧组细胞上清液中的LDH活力增高,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);EGCG处理后能降低氯化钴引起的上清液中LDH活力增加(P0.05)。缺氧组细胞Bcl-2表达降低(P0.05),EGCG处理后能抑制氯化钴诱导的Bcl-2表达降低(与缺氧组比较P0.05),并提高细胞p-Akt的表达(与缺氧组比较P0.05),各组总的Akt表达量均无改变。结论本缺氧模型可诱导PC12细胞凋亡,EGCG对缺氧损伤PC12细胞具有明显的保护作用。     

白藜芦醇对Aβ25-35诱导PC12细胞损伤的保护作用

目的探讨白藜芦醇对Aβ25-35诱导PC12细胞损伤的保护作用。方法用不同浓度的Aβ25-35处理PC12细胞,建立细胞毁损模型,然后加入不同浓度的白藜芦醇,在显微镜下观察PC12细胞形态的变化及突起生长情况。采用MTT检测技术观察PC12细胞的生长活性,采用酶标仪检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性,采用瑞士-吉姆萨染色和流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况。结果损伤组加入Aβ25-35,24 h后细胞形态不规整,突起出现不同程度的肿胀破裂,48 h后见不到完整的突起结构;保护组加入白藜芦醇预孵育后明显延缓突起损伤,24 h后仍能观察到比较完整的突起结构,48 h后远端发生轻微断裂。保护组细胞突起长度和D(λ)值明显大于损伤组(P<0.01),细胞凋亡数以及LDH活性明显低于损伤组(P<0.01)。结论白藜芦醇对Aβ25-35诱导的PC12细胞损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

环维黄杨星D新衍生物对酒精诱导PC12细胞损伤的保护作用

目的探讨环维黄杨星D(CVB-D)新衍生物对酒精诱导的PC12细胞损伤模型的影响。方法建立酒精诱导PC12细胞损伤模型,通过MTT染色、Hoechst 33258染色和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的测定研究环维黄杨星D新衍生物对PC12细胞的保护作用。结果环维黄杨星D新衍生物抑制酒精对PC12细胞的增殖抑制作用,凋亡率下降,同时LDH的漏出减少。结论环维黄杨星D新衍生物对酒精诱导的PC12细胞损伤具有保护作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.