护理干预对脑梗死患者生存质量的影响

目的：探讨护理干预对脑梗死患者生存质量的影响。方法：将210例脑梗死患者随机分为干预组和对照组各105例,对照组给予常规护理,干预组在此基础上给予全面的护理干预,了解患者的生存质量的改善情况,并将两组生存质量改善情况作对比。结果：干预组恢复情况、用药情况、1年内生活自理、致残情况、复发情况与对照组有极显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论：加强对脑梗死患者护理干预,可有效地提高了患者治疗效果,改善预后状况,对预防脑梗死的复发起着积极的作用,对减少患者致残率起着重要作用,有效提高了患者的生存质量。     

护理干预对肿瘤内科患者生存质量的影响

目的:探讨护理干预对肿瘤内科患者生存质量的影响.方法:将2009年4月～2010年4月我院肿瘤内科320例患者随机分为观察组和对照组,各160例.对照组实施肿瘤内科常规护理;观察组实施一系列护理,包括心理干预、社会支持干预、建立出院回访制度.结果:观察组与对照组干预前生存质量测定量表各项目比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05);实施护理干预6个月后,两组各项目均有上升,观察组各项目得分均明显高于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论:护理干预能提高肿瘤内科患者手术后的生存质量.     

护理干预对脑梗死患者生存质量的影响

目的:探讨护理干预对脑梗死患者生存质量的影响.方法:将210例脑梗死患者随机分为干预组和对照组各105例,对照组给予常规护理,干预组在此基础上给予全面的护理干预,了解患者的生存质量的改善情况,并将两组生存质量改善情况作对比.结果:干预组恢复情况、用药情况、1年内生活自理、致残情况、复发情况与对照组有极显著性差异(P＜0.01). 结论:加强对脑梗死患者护理干预,可有效地提高了患者治疗效果,改善预后状况,对预防脑梗死的复发起着积极的作用,对减少患者致残率起着重要作用,有效提高了患者的生存质量.     

护理干预对恶性肿瘤患者生存质量的影响

目的研究护理干预方法对恶性肿瘤患者生存质量的影响。方法选择2011年11月-2013年3月某院放化疗科收治的214例恶性肿瘤患者,按照随机数字方法分为试验组与对照组,每组各107例。由患者自愿填写生存质量测定量表,对照组给予患者尿管护理、吸氧护理、皮肤护理及口腔护理等常规护理方法,试验组在此基础上给予社会支持、心理干预护理等护理方法,护理干预6个月后观察两组患者生存质量测定量表的评分情况。结果干预前,两组患者的生存质量评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。给予护理干预后,试验组在环境方面、社会方面、心理方面、生理方面、生存质量均值分别为（10．10±0．55）,（10．15±0．76）,（10．30±0．93）,（10．40±0．89）,（10．24±0．78）分,优于对照组的（8．67±0．57）,（8．82±0．70）,（8．79±0．54）,（8．80±0．87）,（8．77±0．66）分,差异有统计学意义（t值分别为6．70,4．83,5．26,4．80,10．68;P〈0．05）。结论给予恰当的护理干预措施可极大地提高恶性肿瘤患者的生存质量。     

护理干预对心脑血管疾病患者生存质量的影响

目的：探讨护理干预对心脑血管疾病患者生存质量的影响。方法：将158例心脑血管疾病患者分为常规护理对照组和护理干预观察组,采用生存质量测评表（quality of living,QOL）,进行包括躯体功能、社会功能、物质功能、心理功能等在内的评估,以评价两组患者的生存质量,并进行统计分析。结果：两组患者的QOL总分有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论：综合性护理干预对心脑血管疾病患者的疗效显著。     

认知行为干预疗法对鼻咽癌放疗病人生存质量的影响

目的：通过临床实验验证“音乐治疗加放松内心意象法”这种改良的认知行为干预方法的效果,探讨本疗法能否提高鼻咽癌放疗病人的生存质量。方法：将98例初治鼻咽癌病人随机分为两组,实验组48例,接受放疗和“音乐治疗放松内心意象法”干预治疗;对照组50例,单纯放疗,两组于治疗前及治疗结束后均应用SCL－90症状自评量表进行测试。结果：治疗前98例病人SCL－90的9个因子分均值高于国内常模,经t检验（P＜0．01）有非常显性差异,治疗结束后两组SCL－90的9个因子分均值也有显性差异（P＜0．05）,结论：鼻咽癌放疗病人存在着严重的心理障碍,采用“音乐治疗加放松内心意象法”这种改良的认知行为干预治疗可以减轻病人的心理障碍,提高生存质量。     

综合护理干预对阿尔茨海默病患者生存质量的影响

目的:探讨综合护理干预对阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者生存质量的影响。方法:将54例AD患者随机分为实验组和对照组各27例,对照组给予常规护理,实验组在此基础上进行综合护理干预。用简易智能量表(MMSE)和日常生活能力量表(ADL)、汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评价两组护理效果。结果:实验组干预前与干预后同组比较ADL、HAMD得分差异有显著性意义(P0.05)。护理干预后实验组MMSE评分高于对照组(P0.05);ADL评分在干预后实验组低于对照组(P0.05);实验组HAMD评分干预后低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:综合护理干预可改善AD患者的生存质量。     

心理护理干预对高血压患者生存质量的影响

目的探计心理护理干预措施对高血压患者生存质量的影响。方法选择2007年1月-2008年12月收治的高血压患者200例，随机分为2组。对照组患者100例实施常规护理，实验组100例在实施常规护理的基础上进行心理护理干预。6个月后，应用SF-36生活质量量表分析2组患者生存质量的差异。结果实验组在身体机能、心理状况、独立能力、社会关系、生活环境、宗教信仰、精神寄托以及总分等方面的自评分均高于对照组。结论对高血压患者实施心理护理干预措施能显著提高其生活质量。     

社区护理干预对脑卒中患者生存质量的影响

脑卒中又称中风,是脑部血管局部供血不足引起的一过性或永久性脑部功能障碍,是中老年人的常见病、多发病,其致死率和致残率均较高,严重影响了患者的生活质量,给家庭和社会带来沉重的负担.社区康复护理干预是一种新型康复护理模式[1-2],其以患者健康为中心,并转变医疗服务动向,走向家庭,走向社区,将封闭式的护理服务转变为开放式的护理服务,给患者提供更有利康复的条件.我社区对脑卒中恢复期患者采取社区护理干预,取得满意效果,现报告如下.     

护理干预对类风湿关节炎患者生存质量的影响

目的:探讨护理干预对类风湿关节炎患者生存质量的影响。方法:对116例类风湿关节炎患者在药物治疗和常规护理基础上,分别给予心理、疼痛和关节功能锻炼等方面的护理干预,对治疗和护理干预前后患者心理变化和疼痛缓解情况进行分析。结果:116例类风湿关节炎患者经治疗及护理干预后,关节疼痛情况得到有效缓解,与干预前比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);焦虑、抑郁分值低于干预前(P<0.05);各项生活质量评分均高于干预前(P<0.05)。结论:精心的护理干预对提高类风湿关节炎患者生存质量是有效的。     

Characteristics and quality of life of patients who choose home care at the end of life

Cancer patients with advanced disease and short-survival expectancy were given hospital-based advanced home care (AHC) or conventional care (CC), according to their preference. The two groups were compared at baseline to investigate whether there were differences between the AHC and the CC patients that may help explain their choice of care. The patients were consecutively recruited over 2½ years. Sociodemographic and medical data, and the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of the two groups were compared. HRQL was assessed using a self-reporting questionnaire, including the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the Impact of Event Scale (IES), five questions about social support, and two items concerning general well-being. The AHC group showed significantly poorer functioning on all the EORTC QLQ-C30 scales and an overall higher symptom burden than the CC patients. Fewer of the AHC patients were receiving cancer treatment. The AHC patients had lived longer with their cancer diagnosis, had a significantly shorter survival after study enrollment, and a significantly poorer performance status. The major differences between the two groups seemed to be related to being at different stages in their disease. The results indicate that patients are reluctant to accept home care until absolutely necessary due to severity of functioning impairments and symptom burden. These findings should be taken into consideration in planning palliative care services.     

Health-related quality of life during the last three months of life in patients with advanced cancer

Goals of work  The aim of the study was to explore the development of functioning impairments and symptom occurrence during the last months of life of advanced cancer patients. Materials and methods  Self-reported data from 116 patients who all completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire—Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) at 3, 2 and 1 month before death were analysed. Main results  All functioning aspects deteriorated. For physical, cognitive and social function, the most marked changes occurred between 2 and 1 month before death. The proportion reporting serious difficulties with self-care activities increased from 14% to 43%. The most seriously affected activity could not be distinguished from the EORTC QLQ-C30 scores. Levels of fatigue, dyspnoea and appetite loss increased significantly. More than 50% of the patients had severe pain at all assessments, and only a minor number (8%) reported any improvement. Conclusions  The findings have implications for the planning of care and indicate that further research is required to improve assessment, treatment and follow-up procedures. Adequate pain treatment seems still to be a challenge. Anorexia, fatigue as well as dyspnoea are all symptoms that need further focus.     

妇科肿瘤患者生活质量调查研究

目的：通过调查宫颈癌、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌患者的生活质量,研究妇科肿瘤患者生活质量状况及其影响因素。方法：采用QLQ-C30调查表调查妇科肿瘤患者146例。结果：患者手术前后调查显示：身体功能、社会功能、总体健康状况、疲劳、恶心呕吐、疼痛、睡眠、食欲、经济影响方面有明显的差异。辅助治疗前后调查显示：角色功能、情绪功能、社会功能、总体健康状况、疲劳、恶心呕吐、食欲、经济影响方面有明显的差异。结论：妇科肿瘤手术和辅助治疗（放疗、化疗和激素治疗）影响患者生活质量,要求给予及时、合理、有效的治疗、护理和心理干预,尤其需要更多的心理帮助。     

The assessment of health-related quality of life and related factors in Chinese elderly patients undergoing chemotherapy for advanced cancer: A cross-sectional study

Purpose of the research(i) To assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and analyse the potential contributing factors of HRQOL in elderly cancer patients in China; and (ii) to evaluate the possible correlation between the Medical Outcomes 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30).Methods and sampleA total of 109 elderly patients undergoing chemotherapy with advanced cancer completed a survey assessing HRQOL, anxiety and depression. HRQOL was measured by SF-36 and EORTC QLQ-C30. Anxiety and depression, was measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).Key resultsScales pertaining to role functioning, including SF-36 role physical (25.92 ± 37.10) and role emotional (36.12 ± 43.50), EORTC QLQ-C30 role functioning (46.94 ± 36.86), were the worst domains of SF-36 and EORTC QLQ-C30 respectively. Financial impact (55.77 ± 36.55) and fatigue (46.18 ± 26.48) were the top two highest scores among all nine symptom-related scales of EORTC QLQ C-30. The correlation matrix of SF-36 versus EORTC QLQ-C30 showed that, in general, there was good correlation between scales pertaining to the same health domain, and low correlation was observed between scales pertaining to different domains.ConclusionsThe findings of this study highlight role functioning, financial impact, fatigue, anxiety, and depression as areas where elderly cancer patients could most benefit from intervention. These findings also call attention to HRQOL and its related factors in elderly cancer patients. Interventions to be developed for improving HRQOL in cancer patients are highly recommended.     

73例生存期3年以上急性白血病患者生活质量及影响因素分析

目的：探讨生存期3年以上急性白血病患者生活质量及其影响因素。方法：采用一般状况调查问卷、癌症患者生活质量测定量表（European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, EORTC QLQ-C30）中文版、体能状况评估表（ECOG）对73例生存期3年以上急性白血病患者进行问卷调查。结果：生存期3年以上急性白血病患者生活质量总分为（82.2±20.7）分,其中躯体功能得分最高,社会功能得分最低。在症状维度中,恶心呕吐症状最轻微,经济困难情况最严重。影响急性白血病患者生活质量总健康状况的因素为：体能状况、是否恢复工作。结论：生存期3年以上急性白血病患者生活质量得到改善,癌症相关症状得到控制。可根据患者体能状况及恢复工作情况给与康复指导,提高其生活质量。     

护理干预对老年痛风患者生活质量的影响

目的 探讨护理干预对老年痛风患者生活质量的影响.方法 将50例老年痛风患者作为研究对象,分为治疗组和对照组,每组各25例,治疗组实施护理干预,对照组进行常规健康宣教,对两组患者进行生活质量的评定,并观察患者血尿酸、饮食治疗依从性及相关知识掌握情况.结果 两组的生活质量除生理功能外,社会功能、生理问题对日常活动的限制、心理问题对社会活动的限制、心理健康、活力、总体健康评价指标与1年前对比差异有统计学意义;治疗组血尿酸控制优于对照组;治疗组饮食治疗依从性与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义.结论 护理干预对改善老年痛风患者的生活质量、控制血尿酸、提高其饮食治疗的依从性等有积极的作用.     

护理干预对老年痛风患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨护理干预对老年痛风患者生活质量的影响。方法将50例老年痛风患者作为研究对象,分为治疗组扣对照组,每组各25例,治疗组实施护理干预,时照组进行常规健康宣教,对两组患者进行生活质量的评定,并观察患者血尿酸、饮食治疗依从性及相关知识掌握情况。结果两组的生活质量除生理功能外,社会功能、生理问题对日常活动的限制、心理问题对社会活动的限制、心理健康、活力、总体健康评价指标与1年前对比差异有统计学意义;治疗组血尿酸控制优于对照组;治疗组疗组饮食治疗依从性与对照比较,差异有统计学意义。结论护理干预对改善老年痛风患者的生活质量、控制血尿酸、提高其饮食治疗的依从性等有积极的作用。     

护理干预对首发精神分裂症病人生活质量的影响

目的　探讨护理干预对首发精神分裂症病人生活质量的影响。方法　将 118例首发精神分裂症病人随机分为观察组和对照组各 5 9例 ,两组均予以利培酮系统治疗 ,观察组在此基础上 ,予以综合性护理干预措施 ,时间为 8周 ,随后进行为期 1年的随访。采用阴性与阳性症状量表 (PANSS)及生活质量量表 (WHO ,QOL - 10 0 )分别于治疗前及随访结束时进行评估。结果　随访结束时 ,两组病人的PANSS总分及阴、阳性症状评分均较治疗前明显降低 (P <0 .0 1) ,但观察组明显优于对照组(P <0 .0 1) ;观察组病人在生活质量总评、心理领域、独立性领域及社会关系领域评分亦均明显优于对照组 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。结论　护理干预有助于改善首发精神分裂症病人的精神症状 ,提高其生活质量。     

Patients' perception of information after completion of adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer

Purpose of the researchThe aims of the present study were to examine patients' perceptions of received information and satisfaction with information after completion of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer. Associations between satisfaction with information and health related quality of life (HRQoL), and clinical variables were also studied.Methods and sampleA total of 93 consecutive women planned for adjuvant RT were asked to complete two questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-INFO25) in connection with their last treatment.Key resultsA total of 88 patients (95%) responded. The mean values for the information subscale scores, on a 0 to 100 point scale (QLQ-INFO25) regarding “the treatments” and “the disease” were 46 and 53 respectively. A total of 48% of the patients expressed a wish for more information. Patients treated with chemotherapy previous to RT reported statistically significant lower levels of information about “the disease”. Age was statistically significant related to satisfaction with received information. Younger women were less satisfied with the information received, and a higher proportion wanted more information (55%), as well among women treated with chemotherapy previous to RT (63%). Patients satisfied with information scored significantly higher on global health status and emotional functioning and reported less fatigue. Positive associations were found between “satisfaction with information” and HRQoL.ConclusionsImprovements of information to breast cancer patients during their treatments are needed. The results also underline the need for patient-centred information in general and that extra attention should be paid to younger women and patients undergoing combined treatment.     

护理干预对直肠癌肠造口患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨护理干预对直肠癌肠造口患者生活质量的影响。方法选择2000年1月至2009年9月我院收治的直肠癌肠造口患者86例,随机将患者分为干预组和对照组。两组患者行肠造口术后均给予常规药物及护理,而干预组则在此基础上加用全面、系统的护理干预措施,并对两组患者的术后并发症发生情况和生活质量等指标进行对比分析。结果与对照组相比,干预组并发症发生数和并发症发生率均明显降低,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。与此同时,干预组在排便功能、心理功能、社会功能和物质生活等方面都明显提高,而恶心呕吐和疲惫疼痛的表现均低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论护理干预对直肠癌肠造口患者生活质量的提高,其疗效确切,效果显著,是直肠癌肠造口患者的理想辅助治疗方法之一。