冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的危险因素分析

目的探讨冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的危险因素。方法选择成功施行冠状动脉支架置入并进行冠状动脉造影随访的164例冠心病患者。根据冠状动脉造影结果将其分为再狭窄组与无再狭窄组。应用单因素和Logistic多因素回归分析临床特征、冠状动脉造影特征与再狭窄的相关性。结果164例中,有172支靶血管置入支架,59例患者的63支靶血管发生再狭窄,靶血管再狭窄率为36.6%。单因素分析显示:与无再狭窄组比较,再狭窄组的冠状动脉造影随访时间短、脂蛋白(Lp)(a)浓度高、术前狭窄程度和术后残余狭窄程度重、参照血管直径和支架直径小、靶血管病变长度长(P值均<0.05)。参照血管直径<3mm的靶血管再狭窄率显著高于参照血管直径≥3mm的靶血管(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:参照血管直径、支架直径与再狭窄呈负相关(OR值分别=0.70、0.26);而术后残余狭窄、病变血管长度与再狭窄呈正相关(OR值分别=1.19、1.47)。结论冠状动脉支架术后患者发生再狭窄多在术后6个月内。支架置入术后残余狭窄重、小血管病变、长病变是支架置入术后再狭窄的独立预测因素。尽量减少支架置入术患者的术后残余狭窄是减少再狭窄的重要环节。     

多发性大动脉炎支架内再狭窄影响因素分析

目的探讨多发性大动脉炎（takayasu’Sarteritis,TA）血管内支架置人术后再狭窄的预测因素及原因,为临床干预提供依据。方法将2000年1月-2011年8月在本院心内科行血管内支架置人术的50例TA患者纳入研究。分为血管内支架置入无狭窄组和再狭窄组,分别比较两组临床基本资料、血管造影影像特征。采用Logistic回归模型分析多发性大动脉炎支架内狭窄的独立危险因素。结果与无狭窄组比较,再狭窄组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high—densitylipoproteincholesterol,HDL-C）水平较低,置人支架明显较长（P〈0．05）;介入术后血管残余狭窄〉20％在再狭窄组中的比例明显升高,且中度狭窄比例高于无狭窄组（P〈0．05）。结论血清HDL—C、支架长度及支架残余狭窄可能是TA患者支架内再狭窄的影响因素。     

血浆总胆红素水平与冠状动脉支架术后再狭窄的相关性研究

目的探讨冠状动脉支架置入术后再狭窄与血浆总胆红素的关系。方法入选1998~2004年间成功行冠脉支架置入术,并且于术后6个月以上行冠状动脉造影随访的患者120例,原靶病变管腔直径狭窄≥50%为支架内再狭窄,收集患者的一般临床资料及冠心病危险因素,并测定血浆总胆红素浓度水平。结果120例患者共159处置入支架,50%位数复诊时间是9个月,支架内再狭窄发生53例(57处病变)。再狭窄组与无再狭窄组患者复诊时血浆胆红素水平分别为(12.36±4.91)μmol/L和(14.86±5.38)μmol/L,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。血浆胆红素水平≤12.5μmol/L组和>12.5μmol/L组患者的冠脉支架术后再狭窄率比较,56.7%(34/60)比31.7%(19/60)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic逐步回归分析显示血浆胆红素水平进入回归方程,OR值0.899,95%。95%CI0.819~0.987,P=0.026。结论正常生理范围内的血浆胆红素浓度水平与冠脉支架术后再狭窄负相关,高血浆胆红素浓度水平是冠脉支架术后再狭窄的保护因素。     

肾动脉支架置入术后再狭窄超声评估及危险因素分析

目的 应用血管超声成像技术评估肾动脉支架置入术后再狭窄,探讨导致再狭窄的危险因素。方法 收集2013年1月至2020年12月于湖北省第三人民医院住院治疗的患者111例,均经血管超声诊断、数字剪影血管造影进一步证实为肾动脉起始段重度狭窄,并行支架置入术,置入支架111枚。依据肾动脉支架置入术后随访结果将患者分为再狭窄组(24例)和非再狭窄组(87例),比较两组患者的一般临床资料、支架管径、支架长度、支架内收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、肾动脉PSV与腹主动脉PSV比值(RAR)、收缩早期加速时间(AT),以及残余狭窄等参数,探讨支架置入术后发生再狭窄的时间及危险因素。结果 术后即刻支架残余狭窄5例(4.5%),术后半年、一年、两年随访发生再狭窄的患者分别为7例(6.3%)、13例(11.7%)、4例(3.6%),累计狭窄率21.6%,其中术后一年再狭窄的比例最高。再狭窄组与非再狭窄组一般临床资料比较,再狭窄组高血压、糖尿病患者比例明显高于非再狭窄组(均P<0.05);再狭窄组PSV、RAR、AT在术后即刻恢复正常后,术后半年、一年、两年又逐渐升高,术后两年增加最明显,PSV高达(295....     

D二聚体、纤维蛋白原检测在预测急性心肌梗死PTCA支架术后再狭窄中的价值

目的分析D二聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白原(Fbg)在预测急性心肌梗死冠脉动脉腔内形成术(PTCA)支架术后再狭窄中的价值。方法回顾性分析2015年10月至2016年3月于我院接受PTCA支架术的82例患者的临床资料,所有患者手术前后均测定D-D、Fbg水平,分析D-D、Fbg与急性心肌梗死PTCA支架术后再狭窄发生的关系,总结急性心肌梗死PTCA支架术后再狭窄发生的相关危险因素。结果①82例患者均随访6个月,发生再狭窄18例,再狭窄发生率为21.95%;再狭窄组合并糖尿病、高脂血症所占比例高于非狭窄组(P 0.05)。②再狭窄组置入支架直径低于非狭窄组(P 0.05)。③术前、术后,再狭窄组D-D、Fbg均高于非狭窄组(P 0.05)。结论高Fbg、高D-D水平,且合并糖尿病、高脂血症患者其支架术后再狭窄发生风险较高,而置入大直径支架为术后再狭窄发生的保护因素。     

临床研究支架血管成形术治疗颈内动脉起始段狭窄15例分析

目的 探讨支架血管技术治疗颈动脉起始段狭窄的临床效果.方法 对15例颈动脉颅外段狭窄的患者行全脑血管造影,置入支架,术中12例进行球囊预扩张、15例均应用脑保护装置.结果 15例支架置入均获成功,血管残余狭窄程度＜30%.术后随访13例(10～18个月),1例发生再狭窄(狭窄率＞50%).结论 血管内支架成形术是治疗颈动脉狭窄的一种有效方法,颈动脉支架成形术可以明显降低颈动脉狭窄患者的卒中发生率.     

进口Coroflex Please紫杉醇支架与国产BuMA雷帕霉素支架治疗冠心病近中期安全性与有效性评估

目的 评价进口Coroflex Please紫杉醇支架治疗冠心病的近中期安全性与有效性,并与国产BuMA雷帕霉素支架比较.方法 2011年1月1日至2012年5月31日66例接受药物洗脱支架治疗的冠心病患者中,33例接受进口Coroflex Please紫杉醇支架治疗,于病变血管43处置入63枚进口Coroflex Please紫杉醇支架;33例接受雷帕霉素支架治疗,于病变血管42处置入69枚国产BuMA雷帕霉素支架.术后对患者进行随访,观察有无胸痛复发、心电图异常改变、重要心脏不良事件发生等.结果 进口Coroflex Please手术即刻成功率100％,术后8例(24.2％)发生再狭窄;国产BuMA雷帕霉素手术即刻成功率100％,术后2例(6.1％)常规复查时发现再狭窄.两种支架支架内再狭窄发生率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 两种支架在冠心病近中期治疗中均有良好的安全性和临床近期疗效,但支架内再狭窄率进口Coroflex Please支架高于国产BuMA雷帕霉素支架.     

药物洗脱长支架在冠心病合并糖尿病患者冠状动脉长病变内的临床疗效观察

目的 观察药物洗脱支架在冠心病合并糖尿病患者冠状动脉长病变内介入治疗的临床疗效.方法 对冠状动脉造影证实至少存在一处长病变,并发糖尿病的78例冠心病患者进行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗,其中42例各置入至少一枚雷帕霉素药物洗脱长支架(药物支架组),36例各置入至少一枚普通长支架(普通支架组),术后进行随访.结果 药物支架组共置入支架102枚,其中长支架66枚;普通支架组共置入支架87枚,其中长支架52枚.平均随访(14.2±5.6)月,两组冠状动脉造影复查率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);药物支架组与普通支架组相比,心绞痛复发率、支架内再狭窄率、心肌梗死率均低(P<0.05).对心肌梗死、再狭窄者均进行了靶病变重建术.结论 药物洗脱支架对冠心病并发糖尿病患者冠状动脉长病变疗效优于普通支架,能减少心绞痛、再狭窄及心肌梗死的发生.     

冠状动脉内支架植入术后再狭窄的危险因素分析

目的分析冠状动脉内支架植入术后再狭窄的危险因素。方法对行冠状动脉内支架植入术的123例病人进行冠脉造影复查随访,分析患者的临床特征及冠状动脉造影特征等多个定量指标与再狭窄的关系。结果 123例患者共155处病交植入支架,复查造影显示支架内再狭窄76例(97处病变)。再狭窄与支架术后残余狭窄、术前参考血管直径、血胆固醇有关(P<0．05)。结论冠状动脉内支架植入术后再狭窄受多因素影响,控制血脂,避免冠状动脉内小支架应用以及术后即刻疗效满意对降低冠状动脉内支架植入术后再狭窄具有重要意义。     

择期冠状动脉支架术后再狭窄与血Lp(a)浓度的关系

目的:应用冠状动脉造影(CAG)及血管内超声(IVUS)研究支架术后再狭窄与血Lp(a)的关系. 方法: 成功冠脉内支架术6～18 mo后进行复查的128名冠心病心绞痛患者(其中前降支59处病变、回旋支34处病变、右冠状动脉35处病变)为对象,进行CAG及IVUS检查,以CAG直径狭窄率≥50%为支架内再狭窄. 测定血Lp(a)浓度,按照患者血Lp(a)的水平,把患者分为高Lp(a)组[Lp(a)浓度≥230 mg/L]和低Lp(a)组[Lp(a)浓度＜230 mg/L],通过IVUS观察两组冠脉支架术后随访时新生内膜面积、新生内膜体积,探讨Lp(a)与再狭窄的关系. 结果:128处病变CAG示再狭窄36处,再狭窄率28.1%,再狭窄及无再狭窄组患者间年龄、性别、冠脉疾病危险因素等无明显的差异;再狭窄组Lp(a) 浓度为(316±128) mg/L,明显高于无再狭窄组的(196±100) mg/L及正常对照组(59±32) mg/L,组间比较差异均有显著性意义(P＜0.01). 高Lp(a)组再狭窄率为38.1%,低Lp(a)组再狭窄率为18.5%,两组间有显著的差异(P＜0.05). 相关分析表明Lp(a)与新生斑块面积及体积呈正相关(r分别为0.58及0.62,P＜0.05). 结论: Lp(a)与内膜增生有关,Lp(a)通过促进新生内膜增生而影响支架术后再狭窄,高Lp(a)血症的患者应进行积极的干预治疗.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.