复方血竭胶囊对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的拮抗作用

目的探讨复方血竭胶囊(CXJC)对局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的作用。方法雄性SD大鼠40只,随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌注对照组、CXJC低剂量组(0.14 g.kg-1)、中剂量组(0.56 g.kg-1)和高剂量组(1.12 g.kg-1),每组8只。采用大鼠大脑中动脉栓塞法制备大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型。缺血2 h再灌注24 h后,采用5级评分法判定大鼠神经功能缺损,按干湿重法计算脑组织含水量,TTC染色观察梗死灶体积。结果低、中、高剂量CXJC均能降低缺血2 h再灌注3 h时的神经症状评分,其评分与模型对照组相比有显著性差异(P<0.01),其中中剂量组于缺血2 h再灌6 h及24 h评分仍低于模型组,其差异有显著性(P<0.05)。低、中、高剂量CXJC组均能降低脑水肿和脑梗死体积,与模型对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论CXJC对脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

复方血竭胶囊对大鼠局灶性脑缺血-再灌注损伤的拮抗作用

目的:探讨复方血竭胶囊(CXJC)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血-再灌注后脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量和细胞间粘附分子(ICAM-1)表达的影响。方法:雄性SD大鼠40只,随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌组、CXJC低剂量组(0.14 g.kg-1)、CXJC中剂量组(0.56 g.kg-1)、CXJC高剂量组(1.12 g.kg-1),每组8只。采用尼龙线大鼠大脑中动脉栓塞法造成大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型。缺血2 h再灌24 h后,采用5级评分法判定大鼠神经功能缺损、按干湿重法计算脑组织含水量、TTC染色观察梗死灶面积。采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法和硫代巴比妥酸法测定脑组织丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,免疫组织化学法检测ICAM-1的表达。结果:CXJC低、中、高剂量组均降低缺血3 h时的神经症状功能缺损评分,其评分与模型组比差异显著(P<0.01);与缺血再灌组比较,CXJC0.14,0.56,1.12 g.kg-1均能明显降低脑组织MDA含量,增加脑组织SOD活性(P<0.01或P<0.05),CXJC 1.12 g.kg-1还能明显抑制ICAM-1表达的增加(P<0.01)。结论:CXJC通过清除氧自由基和抑制ICAM-1表达而发挥对脑缺血-再灌注后脑组织的保护作用。     

异甘草素对小鼠脑缺血-再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的:研究异甘草素(ISL)对小鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法:采用反复阻断小鼠双侧颈总动脉造成脑缺血再灌注模型,断头法观察脑缺血再灌注小鼠耐缺氧能力;测定脑缺血再灌注小鼠全血粘度、红细胞压积和凝血时间;采用反相高效液相色谱法检测脑组织能量代谢水平。结果:ISL20,40mg·kg-1显著延长缺血再灌注小鼠断头后喘息时间(P<0.01),降低缺血再灌注小鼠全血粘度和红细胞压积(P<0.01),延长凝血时间(P<0.01);ISL(10～40mg·kg-1)剂量依赖性增加脑组织ATP含量、TAN水平和EC值,与模型组相比TAN水平和EC值分别增加了28%、42%、45%和41%、76%、90%,ATP含量依次恢复到假手术组的55%、75%、83%。结论:ISL可通过改善脑缺血再灌注小鼠异常血液流变学变化和提高脑组织能量代谢水平对脑缺血再灌注脑损伤起保护作用。     

蝮蛇毒蛋白C激活物对全脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠血液粘度变化的影响

目的:探讨全脑缺血再灌注损伤后外周血液粘度的变化及蝮蛇毒蛋白C激活物(PCA)对其的影响。方法:SD大鼠30只随机分为对照组、全脑缺血再灌注损伤模型组和PCA预处理组。采用三动脉夹闭法复制大鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,PCA预处理组按0.3mg/100g体重于造模前尾静脉注射PCA,模型组给予等量生理盐水。以锥板式粘度计检测分析各组大鼠全血高切粘度、中切粘度、低切粘度和血浆粘度;用温氏法检测分析各组大鼠红细胞比积(HCT);用干湿重法测脑组织含水量,并比较其差异。结果:全脑缺血再灌组大鼠的全血粘度、血浆粘度、HCT和脑组织含水量均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),PCA预处理组与模型组相比,血液粘度、HCT明显降低(P<0.01),脑组织含水量也有显著下降。结论:蝮蛇毒蛋白C激活物(PCA)降低全脑缺血再灌注损伤引起的血液粘度增加,改善血液流变学特性,减轻脑水肿,具有一定的抗脑缺血再灌注损伤作用。     

牛磺酸对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的血液流变学影响

目的 观察牛磺酸对家兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤血液流变学的影响。方法 将30只家兔分为3组,即正常对照组、缺血再灌注组、牛磺酸预处理组,分别于缺血前缺血30min、再灌注60min采血,测定血液流变学指标。结果 与缺血再灌注组比较,牛磺酸预处理组能明显降低缺血再灌注所致的红细胞聚集指数及刚性指数的升高(P<0.05),并降低全血粘度、血浆粘度。结论 牛磺酸可以显著改善缺血再灌注损伤后的红细胞流变学性状,从而为缺血再灌注心肌提供保护作用。     

参参康心滴丸对实验性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠血液流变学的影响

目的探讨参参康心滴丸对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠血液流变学指标的影响。方法将60只大鼠随机分为假手术组,模型组,阳性对照组,参参康心滴丸低、中、高剂量组,每组10只,采用大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型(CIRI),各组灌胃生理盐水及相应药物,观察参参康心滴丸对脑缺血再灌注损伤模型大鼠血浆黏度、全血黏度、血沉以及红细胞刚性指数、变形指数、聚集指数、红细胞压积的影响。结果参参康心滴丸能显著降低脑缺血再灌注损伤模型大鼠的血浆黏度、全血黏度、血沉、红细胞压积以及刚性指数、聚集指数,并可显著升高红细胞的变形指数(P0.01或P0.05),且参参康心滴丸高剂量组对各项指标的改善作用显著优于中低剂量组(P0.05)。结论参参康心滴丸对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的血液流变学指标有显著改善作用。     

乌苏里藜芦碱在大鼠的血液流变学作用

[目的 ]研究乌苏里藜芦碱 (VnA)对大鼠血液粘度的影响。 [方法 ]正常和血淤大鼠ivVnA1 5 μg·kg- 1,30 μg·kg- 1和 4 5 μg·kg- 1后取血 ,以微机化血液比粘度仪测定全血比粘度、血浆比粘度和红细胞压积等血液流变学指标。 [结果 ]正常大鼠ivVnA后全血比粘度显著降低 ,低切变率时自 2 0 .87± 3.6 3(NS组 )降至 1 3.0 8± 2 .4 2 (VnA中剂量组 ,P <0 .0 1 )和 1 1 .89± 4 .77(VnA大剂量组 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ,高切变率时自 6 .1 4± 1 .0 5 (NS组 )降至 4 .71± 1 .0 3(VnA大剂量组 ,P <0 .0 5 )。血淤模型大鼠ivVnA同样导致全血比粘度的显著降低 ,在低切变率时中剂量组为 1 8.98± 3.36 ,大剂量组为 8.35± 3.34,而血淤模型组为 5 0 .81± 7.5 4,P <0 .0 1 ,在高切变率时 ,大剂量组为 8.32± 2 .74 ,而血淤模型组为 1 2 .5 7± 3.0 6 ,P <0 .0 5。VnA在大剂量时对血浆粘度也有一定降低作用(1 .4 6± 0 .0 3vs 1 .5 3± 0 .0 6 ,P <0 .0 5 ,正常大鼠 ;1 .5 7± 0 .1 2vs 1 .87± 0 .4 4,P <0 .0 1 ,血淤大鼠 )。对血细胞压积无显著影响。 [结论 ]静脉给予VnA对血粘度具有明显的降低作用 ,对低切变率全血粘度的降低尤为明显。其降粘作用不是红细胞数量和体积改变的结果     

血塞通对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的观察血塞通预处理对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法采用线栓法复制大鼠大脑中动脉脑缺血再灌注损伤模型，检测血液流变学指标，并测定再灌注后缺血侧丙二醛（MDA）含量超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。结果血塞通不同程度降低高、中、低切变率全血黏度、红细胞压积和血沉，能拮抗缺血脑组织脑MDA含量的增加，提高脑组织SOD含量。结论血塞通对大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注损伤具有明显保护作用。     

葛根素对脑缺血损伤家兔皮质血管超微结构和血液流变学的影响

目的观察葛根素(Puerarin,Pur)对家兔全脑缺血再灌注损伤后前脑皮质神经元和血管内皮细胞超微结构及血液流变学的影响。方法以“四动脉闭塞法”建立家兔全脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,40只家兔随机分为:假手术组、缺血模型组、葛根素脑保护组(缺血前5min葛根素30mg.kg-1静推)和葛根素复苏组(缺血再灌注后5min葛根素30mg.kg-1静推)。脑缺血20min再灌注60min末,测定家兔动脉血血液流变学指标;电镜观察前脑皮质血管内皮细胞超微结构。结果脑缺血再灌注60min结束,与缺血模型组比较,应用葛根素的脑保护组和脑复苏组均可显著降低动物血液粘滞度,增加红细胞变形性(P<0.01或P<0.05);应用葛根素可减轻血管内皮细胞线粒体,粗面内质网,核膜等膜性结构损伤,保护细胞器,促进内皮细胞修复和再生。葛根素保护组效应优于葛根素复苏组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论葛根素具有改善脑缺血损伤家兔血液流变学指标,促进血管内皮细胞修复与再生的作用,药物预处理的保护作用优于复苏效应。     

脑缺血与再灌流后血液粘度和镁的含量变化

观察了急性脑缺血和再灌流后不同时间大鼠脑组织和血液镁含量及血液粘度变化。结果显示：血液镁在缺血３０ｍｉｎ组和缺血再灌流３０ｍｉｎ组比对照组升高；高切变率下全血粘度缺血３０ｍｉｎ再灌流３０ｍｉｎ组比对照组降低。讨论了血液粘度和镁含量变化与急性脑缺血再灌流损伤的关系。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.