Condition physique et niveau d’activité physique d’adolescents présentant une déficience intellectuelle

Introduction

The aim of this study is to analyze the physical fitness and physical activity in adolescents with intellectual disabilities.

Summary of facts

These adolescents had a low level of physical fitness according to Eurofit test battery compared with standard results. Moreover, 41.18% of participants presented an excess of body fat mass and only 12% reach enough physical activity to avoid an excess of body fat.

Conclusion

This low physical fitness coupled with low levels of physical activity increases the health risks and might worsen restriction of social participation.     

Effets de la reprise d’une activité physique régulière sur les capacités physiques et la qualité de vie d’hommes atteints du syndrome métabolique

Objective

To assess the effects of aerobic training on physical capacities and quality of life in men with metabolic syndrome (Mets), using field evaluation tools.

Synthesis

The physical capacities and the quality of life of eight men with Mets (59.5 ± 4.8 years old) was assessed before and after 8 weeks of aerobic exercise training by the 6 minutes walking test and the quality of life, obesity and dietetics scale.

Conclusion

Aerobic exercise training of 8 weeks improves physical capacities and the psychosocial impact dimension of quality of life in men with Mets, without generating anthropometric modification.     

Activité physique et obésité infantile : dépistage,prévention et prise en charge

Aim

This review is aimed to synthesize current scientific knowledge on the part played by physical activity in prevention and treatment of the paediatric obesity.

Current

The physical activity (and inactivity?) is unanimously recognized like an essential element of the fight against the obesity increase in children and adolescents. In the treatment the last meta-analysis and literature reviews confirm that the best strategy is the reduction of the sedentary behaviours, the increase in the physical activity associated with an education and restriction nutritional. On the other hand, the part played by the physical activity in the prevention interventions although not discussed, must be specified in its association with other elements such as nutritional education according to the age, of the obesity level… The physical activity practice as of the youth is to be associated an early tracking factor of risk. The recommendations of physical activity must be adapted to the required objective and the possibilities physical, physiological, sociological… of the subjects.

Conclusion

Although characteristics of the physical activity to prescribe for each specific objective; prevention, loss of or not taken again body mass weight, remain to be specified for the child and the teenager, an active way of life is one of the major factors of the fight against the increase in the prevalence of obesity.     

Perception de soi et activité physique adaptée dans l’anorexie mentale

Introduction

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder related to disturbances of self-perception (body image, self-esteem, physical self-perception).

Methods and results

These three components of self-perception were assessed by questionnaires in 19 women with anorexia, at the beginning and at the end of a program of adapted physical activity (APA), and in 16 women without eating disorder. Results revealed that the anorexics scores were significantly lower than controls for the three variables. Nevertheless, we observed no effect of the program of APA on these variables for anorexics.

Conclusion

In spite of absence of significant effect, we considered that a six-month program of APA would contribute to the anorexia recovery process by reducing the self-perception disturbances.     

Le point sur les recommandations de santé publique en matière d’activité physique

Objective

To describe the evolution of the recommendations for physical activity to better understand their scientific bases and to summarize the current public health recommendations for physical activity.

News

The health-related benefits from physical activity are well-known even if all the mechanisms are not well understood. Some recommendations have been published and guidelines have been provided.

Perspectives and projects

Public health recommendations for physical activity are largely shared. However, specific recommendations for management of chronic disease should be precised.

Conclusion

Recommendations for physical activity should be disseminate among professionals, and particularly among health professionals because of their capacity to deliver advices to their patients. The challenge consists in defining the optimal quantity and the type of physical activity according to the characteristics of the population and their health.