脂联素在肺癌患者血清中的表达及意义

目的 观察肺癌患者血清脂联素水平的变化,并探讨其意义.方法 酶联免疫吸附法测定54例肺癌患者和24名健康人的脂联素浓度.结果 对照组及肺癌患者血清脂联素水平分别为(191.86±24.38)μg/L、(183.39±51.34) μg/L,两组之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);不同病理类型及TNM分期的肺癌患者血清脂联素水平差异无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05);发生远处转移后肺癌患者血清中脂联素的表达水平[(158.52±57.82)μg/L]与未远处转移的肺癌患者血清脂联素水平[(192.96±45.89) μg/L]比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);多因素同归分析显示,低血清脂联索水平与肺癌发生远处转移相关(OR =0.19,P=0.013).结论脂联素水平的降低提示肺癌患者具有更高的侵袭性和转移性,可能成为反映肺癌患者疾病进展的一个血清指标.     

肺癌患者血清转化生长因子β1水平检测及临床意义

目的探讨血清转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)水平与非小细胞肺癌之间的关系。方法新确诊非小细胞肺癌患者43例,全部病例均经病理学证实。正常自愿者30例作为对照。采集患者和健康自愿者外周静脉血2m l,应用EL ISA法测定血清TGF-β1水平。结果肺癌患者和健康对照组血清TGF-β1浓度分别为38.01±15.15pg/m l和20.68±10.63pg/m l,明显高于正常对照组(P<0.001)。各期肺癌患者血清TGF-β1浓度差异无显著性(P>0.05)。有远处转移患者和无远处转移患者的血清TGF-β1浓度分别为48.75±16.88pg/m l和33.70±7.49pg/m l,P<0.001。结论非小细胞肺癌患者的血清TGF-β1水平显著高于健康对照组,有远处转移者血清TGF-β1水平显著高于无远处转移者。血清TGF-β1浓度可能为肺癌的血清学标志物。     

PDCD5与P53在非小细胞肺癌患者血清中的表达及意义

目的研究非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者血清中PDCD5及P53蛋白的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法选择肺疾病患者200例,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定患者血清中PDCD5及P53蛋白的表达。结果男性患者血清PDCD5蛋白平均值为(131.18±110.12)ng/ml,女性患者血清PDCD5蛋白平均值为(296.78±243.91)ng/ml,差异具有统计学意义(t=-2.640,P<0.05)。按肺部良性及恶性病变,分为肺癌未化疗组、肺部良性病变组,肺癌未化疗组患者血清PDCD5蛋白平均值为(168.22±146.42)ng/ml,肺部良性病变组PDCD5蛋白平均值为(255.67±194.84)ng/ml,差异具有统计学意义(t=-2.731,P<0.05);肺癌未化疗患者血清P53蛋白平均值为(349.07±426.34)ng/ml,肺部良性病变组患者血清P53蛋白平均值为(919.73±902.09)ng/ml,差异具有统计学意义(t=-2.481,P<0.05)。将肺癌患者分为吸烟组、不吸烟组,肺鳞癌、肺腺癌组,肺癌化疗前患者、肺癌化疗后患者,肺癌I^Ⅱ期患者、肺癌ⅢⅡ期患者、肺癌Ⅲ^Ⅳ期患者,肺癌远处淋巴结转移患者、肺癌远处淋巴结未转移患者,血清PDCD5、P53含量均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 NSCLC患者血清中PDCD5蛋白可能与抑制肺癌细胞生长、促进肿瘤细胞凋亡有关,与性别有关。NSCLC患者血清中PDCD5与P53蛋白的表达,与肿瘤分期、淋巴结转移、吸烟、肺癌的病理类型、化学治疗与否可能无关,并可能成为NSCLC治疗的新的方向。     

肺腺癌患者血清IGF-1及IGFBP-3的测定及其与化疗疗效的关系

目的探讨肺腺癌患者血清中胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3(IGFBP-3)的表达水平并比较分析其与化疗疗效的关系。方法采用ELISA法检测28例肺腺癌患者(A组),26例肺部良性疾病患者(B组)和20例健康人(C组)血清中IGF-1和IGFBP-3的含量。结果 A、B、C组血清IGF-1水平分别为(667.19±105.36)μg/L、(448.53±121.04)μg/L和(398.45±111.46)μg/L,A组明显高于B、C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组与C组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A、B、C组血清IGFBP-3水平分别为(3 003.17±998.23)μg/L、(3 875.43±1 017.43)μg/L和(3 964.53±1 089.73)μg/L,A组明显低于B、C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组与C组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。12例化疗有效的患者,化疗2周期后IGF-1水平较化疗前降低,而IGFBP-3水平则较化疗前升高,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论血清IGF-1和IGFBP-3水平在肺腺癌的辅...     

痰液、血清、支气管肺泡灌洗液联合检测细胞角蛋白19片段对肺癌诊断的临床价值

目的 探讨联合检测痰液、血清、支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)标本中细胞角蛋白19片段抗原21-1(CYFRA21-1)的浓度在肺癌诊断中的意义.方法 采用化学发光免疫分析法检测52例肺癌和46例肺部良性病变患者痰液、血清、BALF中CYFRA 21-1的浓度水平.结果 52例肺癌患者痰液、血清、BALF中CYFRA21-1的浓度分别为(25.2±9.1)μｇ/L,(20.2±19.1)μｇ/L和(50.3±17.2)μg/L; 46例肺部良性病变患者三个标本的浓度分别为(1.2±l.7)μｇ/L,(2.2±1.6) μg/L和(3.5±7.2) μg/L.经统计学检验两组三个标本CYFRA 21-I检测结果均数差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).肺癌组痰液、血清、BALF中CYFRA 21-l检测的阳性率分别为51.9％、38.5％和63.5％;而肺部良性病变组三个标本的阳性率分别为17.4％、6.5％和13.0％.经统计学检验两组间三种标本CYFRA 21-1检测阳性率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).肺癌组不同标本之间CYFRA21-1检测的阳性率差异有统计学意义(x2=6.52,P=0.04);BALF标本较血清标本检测CYFRA21-1对肺癌的诊断意义更大(x2=6.50,P=0.01).联合检测三个标本与单个标本相比,其差异有统计学意义(P＜0 05).结论 痰液、血清、BALF标本肿瘤标志物CYFRA 21-1检测对肺癌的诊断具有一定的意义.与检测单个标本相比,联合检测三个标本的CYFRA 21-1能提高肺癌诊断的敏感性.     

冠心病患者血清DNA酶Ⅰ与超敏C反应蛋白检测的临床意义

目的 探讨血清DNA酶Ⅰ(DNase Ⅰ)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)质量浓度与冠状动脉病变范围、病变程度和临床风险的关系.方法 选取2006年7月至12月华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院心内科住院患者,根据冠状动脉造影和临床表现,对112例冠心病(CHD)患者和57名正常人的血清DNase Ⅰ与hs-CRP质量浓度进行比较.结果 DNase Ⅰ在稳定型心绞痛组[(152.63±24.16)μg/L]与对照组[(159.62±20.51)μg/L]差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05),在不同冠状动脉病变范围组间、不同冠状动脉病变程度组间、急性冠脉综合征(ACS)与稳定型心绞痛组间的DNase Ⅰ差异均有显著性意义(P＜0.05);hs-CRP在单支病变组[(5.81±3.59)mg/L]和多支病变组[(6.62±5.18)mg/L]差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05),在不同冠状动脉病变程度组间、不同临床分组间hs-CRP差异均有显著性意义(P＜0.01).冠心病患者血清DNase Ⅰ和hs-CRP呈显著正相关(r=0.295,P＜0.01).结论 联合检测DNase Ⅰ与hs-CRP质量浓度有助于判断冠状动脉病变范围、病变程度和临床风险.     

肺癌患者血清和胸腔积液膜联蛋白A2水平改变及其临床意义研究

目的探讨肺癌患者血清和胸腔积液膜联蛋白A2(ANXA2)水平改变及其临床意义。方法连续性收录60例肺癌患者,以及40例肺部良性病变患者。检测血清和胸腔积液中ANXA2水平改变,分析其与肿瘤分期、淋巴结以及远处组织转移情况等相关性。结果肺癌组中血清及胸腔积液内ANXA2(血清:32.3±14.0 ng/m Lvs.16.8±6.5 ng/m L,P0.05;胸腔积液:66.8±14.7 ng/m L vs.25.2±12.6 ng/m L,P0.05)水平明显高于良性肺病组。肺癌患者胸腔积液中ANXA2浓度高于血清浓度(32.3±14.0 ng/m L vs.76.8±14.7 ng/m L,P0.05)。TNM分期Ⅰ-Ⅱ期患者血清及胸腔积液ANXA2明显低于Ⅲ-Ⅳ期患者(血清:29.1±12.1 ng/m L vs.34.7±16.2 ng/m L,P0.05;胸腔积液:61.6±18.8 ng/m L vs.78.5±11.7 ng/m L,P0.05);有淋巴结转移患者血清及胸腔积液ANXA2明显高于无淋巴结转移患者(血清:35.2±16.1ng/m L vs.30.5±11.3 ng/m L,P0.05;胸腔积液:88.6±20.7 ng/m L vs.59.3±11.5 ng/m L,P0.05);有远处转移患者血清及胸腔积液ANXA2明显高于无远处转移患者(血清:37.4±9.6ng/m L vs.29.1±6.8 ng/m L,P0.05;胸腔积液:82.2±12.3ng/m L vs.65.9±18.7 ng/m L,P0.05)。血清ANXA2诊断肺癌的AUC为0.712,cut-off值为40.2 ng/m L;而胸腔积液ANXA2水平诊断肺癌的AUC为0.822,cut-off值为78.2 ng/m L。血清和胸腔积液ANXA2水平与肺癌呈正相关(血清:r=0.706,P0.05;胸腔积液:r=0.812,P0.05)。结论肺癌患者血清和胸腔积液中ANXA2水平明显上升,对于肺疾病合并胸腔积液者,血清及胸水ANXA2测定,有助于肺癌鉴别诊断和分期。     

血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1和E-选择素水平与冠心病的关系

目的比较冠心病(CHD)患者血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1(sICAM-1)和血清可溶性E-选择素水平,探讨其临床意义.方法 145例冠心病患者,其中73例为急性冠脉综合征组(ACS组),72例为稳定型冠心病组(SCHD组),并选144名健康查体者作对照组.用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清sICAM-1、可溶性E-选择素水平,并比较上述指标水平在三组之间的差异.结果血清sICAM-1浓度ACS组(320.3±81.8)μg/L和SCHD组(266.5±63.5)μg/L明显高于对照组(176.3±78.3)μg/L,P<0.01,ACS组和SCHD组间也有显著性差异(P<0.05).血清可溶性E-选择素浓度ACS组(48.5±12.1)μg/L和SCHD组 (36.1±11.9)μg/L明显高于对照组(28.8±10.3)μg/L,P<0.01,ACS组和SCHD组间也有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论血清sICAM-1、可溶性E-选择素在冠心病患者中明显高于对照组,其中ACS患者明显高于SCHD患者.     

溃疡性结肠炎患者PBMCs体外诱生IL-10水平的变化

采用放射免疫方法对45例溃疡性结肠炎患者(UC)血清中及其外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)体外植物血凝素诱导产生的IL-10水平进行测定。结果UC组患者血清IL-10为(121.06±43.00)μg/L、对照组为(240.23±61.60)μg/L,两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。诱导72 h细胞培养上清液中IL-10水平为(319.63±164.70)μg/L,亦明显低于对照组(451.15±246.93)μg/L(P<0.05);而未经诱导的PBMCs IL-10水平两组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。认为IL-10保护性免疫抑制作用下降是导致UC发病的原因之一。     

黏附分子在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征合并高血压发病中的作用

目的 探讨细胞黏附分子在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)合并高血压(HT)发病中的作用。方法 应用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)方法检测30例OSAHS血压正常患者(OSAHS组)、30例OSAHS合并高血压患者(OSAHS HT组)及30名健康者(正常对照组)血清中可溶性胞间黏附分子1(ICAM-1)、血管细胞黏附分子1(VCAM-1)和L-选择素的含量。结果 OSAHS HT组及OSAHS组患者血清可溶性ICAM-1[分别为(601±406)μg/,L、(513±244)μg/L]、VCAM-1含量[分别为(578±176)μg/L、(480±144)μg/L]均明显高于正常对照组[分别为(355±119)μg/L、(310±163)μg/L,q值分别为4.78,3.07;9.09,5.76,P<0.01],差异有显著性;而L-选择素与对照组相比,差异无显著性(P>0.05);OSAHS HT组的VCAM-1明显高于OSAHS组(q值为3.32,P<0.05),差异有显著性;ICAM-1水平与睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)及微觉醒指数呈明显的正相关(r=0.465,P<0.01,r=0.226,P<0.05);与最低血氧饱和度呈明显的负相关(r=-0.368,P<0.01)。结论 血清ICAM-1、VCAM-1水平的升高是OSAHS患者高血压发病的重要危险因子之一。     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.