川芎嗪预处理对海马神经元c-fos、c-jun蛋白表达的影响

目的探讨川芎嗪预处理对缺氧/复氧大鼠海马神经元JNK信号转导通路相关蛋白c-fos、c-jun表达含量的影响。方法胎鼠海马神经细胞培养7天后,随机分为6组(n=6):N组(未缺氧组)、C组(TMP 0μg/m L)、S组(JNK抑制剂SP600125 10μmol/L)、L组(TMP 60μg/m L)、M组(TMP 200μg/m L)、H组(TMP 800μg/m L),孵育1 h后制备缺氧/复氧模型。处理后测定海马神经元细胞的凋亡率以及c-fos、c-jun蛋白表达量,统计分析其与川芎嗪预处理的关系。结果 1川芎嗪预处理可降低海马神经细胞的凋亡率(P<0.01)。2川芎嗪预处理可降低c-fos、c-jun蛋白的表达(P<0.01)。结论川芎嗪可能通过抑制JNK通路相关蛋白c-fos、c-jun的表达对缺氧/复氧大鼠海马的神经元起到保护作用。     

HIF-1参与KATP通道对神经元缺氧损伤保护作用

目的 探讨三磷酸腺苷(ATP)敏感性钾通道(KATP通道)在缺氧中对海马神经元的保护作用机制.方法 比较对照组、单纯缺氧组、KATP通道激动剂+缺氧组、KATP通道阻断剂+缺氧组中神经元缺氧诱导因子1α亚基(HIF-1α)的蛋白表达、DNA断裂、以及神经元存活情况.结果 试验持续8,12,24 h后,正常氧分压组细胞存活率为(100±0.98)%,缺氧8,12,24 h后,细胞的存活率分别降至(85.76±3.31)%,(80.13±1.76)%,(72.24±3.87)%,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);缺氧12,24 h后,缺氧+二氮嗪组细胞凋亡率分别为(8.1±3.1)%,(18.4±2.3)%,缺氧+甲糖宁组分别为(32.5±1.6)%,(45.7±3.4)%,与单纯缺氧组的(20.3±2.2)%,(31.6±1.7)%比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 KATP通道可以通过上调HIF-1α的蛋白表达水平,对缺氧中的海马神经元起到保护作用.     

多氯联苯对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞c-fos和c-jun表达影响的研究

目的探讨多氯联苯(PCB126)对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)c-fos和c-jun表达的影响。方法采用percoll分离液(密度1.073g/cm3)分离Wistar大鼠MSCs、培养并传代,实验分为3组:对照组、低剂量组(10-7mol/L PCB126)和高剂量组(10-6mol/L PCB126)。PCB126分别作用于MSCs 12h和24h后,利用MTT方法检测细胞的增殖率,免疫荧光化学方法检测细胞c-fos的表达;PCB126分别作用于MSCs 30min、1h、2h、4h、8h、12h和24h后,利用RT-PCR分析c-fos和c-jun mRNA的表达;Western blot方法分析细胞c-fos和c-jun蛋白的表达。结果 10-6mol/L和10-7mol/L组12h时细胞的增殖率分别为13.8%和19.1%,24h时分别为31.5%和36.1%,48h时分别为42.5%和43.6%(t=8.42,P<0.01)。10-6mol/L和10-7mol/L组12h时c-fos的阳性率分别为54.6%(231/446)和51.3%(214/416)(χ2=15.59,P<0.01;χ2=15.45,P<0.01),24h时c-fos的阳性率分别为83.2%(376/425)和73.0%(309/423)(χ2=60.56,P<0.01;χ2=25.79,P<0.01)。RT-PCR结果显示,10-6mol/L组和10-7mol/L组在30 min和1h时c-fos mRNA的表达显著上调;两组在不同时间c-jun mRNA均上调且10-6mol/L组的表达水平明显高于10-7mol/L组(t=7.88,P<0.01)。10-6mol/L和10-7mol/L组12h时c-fos和c-jun蛋白表达上调(t=9.91和t=8.84,P<0.01),24h时c-fos和c-jun表达显著上调(t=9.52,P<0.01)。结论 PCB126能促进MSCs增殖,上调癌相关基因c-fos和c-jun的表达,PCB126影响MSCs的功能与c-fos和c-jun的表达异常有关。     

丙烯酰胺对L-02胎肝细胞株细胞凋亡和原癌基因c-fos、c-jun表达的影响

目的观察丙烯酰胺(AA)对L-02胎肝细胞株细胞凋亡的影响以及对原癌基因c-fos、c-jun蛋白表达的影响。方法以不同终浓度AA(低剂量组:0.01和0.1mmol/L,中剂量组:0.5、1.0和2.5mmol/L,高剂量组:5.0和7.5mmol/L)对L-02细胞分别染毒12h和24h,CellTiter 96 MTS/PMS Assay法检测细胞存活率,流式细胞术法检测细胞凋亡,westernblot方法检测c-fos、c-jun蛋白表达水平。结果与对照组相比,低剂量染毒组细胞存活率略有升高,中、高剂量组则显著降低(P<0.05);中、高剂量(>2.5mmol/L)染毒组细胞凋亡率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);染毒组c-jun、c-fos蛋白表达水平较对照组显著增高(P<0.05),且随着AA浓度的升高呈先升高后降低的趋势;随着染毒时间的延长,c-jun、c-fos蛋白表达水平也显著增高(P<0.05)。结论AA可引起细胞凋亡及原癌基因c-jun、c-fos蛋白表达增高。     

藻毒素对fos、jun基因表达及细胞周期的影响

目的 研究藻毒素对c-fos、c-jun表达及细胞周期的影响,探讨其可能的致癌机制。方法 将经色谱柱纯化的微囊藻毒素样品加入到SHE细胞培养体系中,用免疫组化方法分别于第1、3、6h观察细胞c-fos和c-jun蛋白表达,并用流式细胞仪分别检测细胞在第6、12、24h不同时相的周期改变情况。结果 微囊藻毒素可以诱导c-fos和c-jun持续高表达,6h后增高至5－6倍,具有明显的剂量反应关系;同时,藻毒素尚能介导G0／G1期细胞进入分裂状态,S、G2／M期细胞比例明显增加,24h后有44.9%细胞进入S期。结论 诱志细胞c-jun和c-fos异常表达并引起细胞过度增殖是微囊藻毒素可能的促癌机制之一。     

新生大鼠海马神经元体外氧-糖剥夺再灌注模型的建立

目的体外培养新生大鼠海马神经元,建立神经元氧-糖剥夺再灌注(OGD/R)模型,为临床进一步研究新生儿缺氧缺血性脑损伤奠定基础。 方法以L-多聚赖氨酸和鼠尾胶原作为海马神经元体外培养的生长基质,分离24 h内新生SD大鼠海马,胰蛋白酶水浴振荡消化获得单个细胞,采用Neurobasal维持培养基更继续培养。培养7 d后将神经元细胞培养基更换为无糖缺血液,置于95%高纯度氮气(N₂)三气培养箱内缺氧处理2 h。将其取出更换为正常培养基继续培养24 h,构建神经元OGD/R模型。然后,采用抗微管相关蛋白2-5-异硫氰酸荧光素(anti-MAP2-FITC)标记神经元,于荧光显微镜下观察建模前与建模后神经元的形态学改变,采用细胞活性检测试剂盒(CCK-8)检测微管相关蛋白(MAP)2阳性细胞存活率,对OGD/R模型进行评价。 结果荧光显微镜下观察到正常情况下神经元细胞形态结构完整,树突及轴突舒展,交织成网状。建模后,神经元突触回缩,细胞崩解,网状结构被破坏。CCK-8检测结果显示,建模后神经元细胞存活率降低。 结论此方法体外培养神经元细胞纯度在95%以上;使用无糖神经元细胞缺血液联合高纯度N₂培养2 h,再更换为正常培养基培养的方法,可成功建立神经元细胞的OGD/R模型。     

电磁脉冲辐射后海马形态学观察及凋亡相关基因检测

目的研究电磁脉冲辐射后大鼠海马的组织病理学和超微结构改变以及凋亡相关基因的表达情况。方法大鼠接受电磁脉冲(EMP)辐射,其场强为6×104V.m-1。海马组织切片采用HE染色及甲苯胺兰染色后,光镜下观察组织病理学改变;透射电镜下观察超微结构变化;SP免疫组织化学染色法检测Bcl-2和c-fos的表达。结果EMP辐射引起以神经元变性和固缩为主的组织病理学改变,并导致神经细胞超微结构损伤。EMP辐射后1 h可见Bcl-2蛋白表达升高显著(P<0.05),6~24 h下降并低于对照组。EMP辐射后c-fos蛋白呈持续性增高,6~24 h升高显著,其中12 h达峰值(P<0.01)。结论EMP辐射可导致大鼠海马神经元损伤,凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、c-fos可能参与EMP所致的损伤及修复机制。     

胞红蛋白在缺氧神经元中的表达

目的 探讨细胞红蛋白(cytoglobin,CYGB)在体外培养神经元缺氧时的表达,为研究缺氧缺血性脑病(hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy,HIE)的生理病理机制及寻求该病新的治疗方法提供实验基础。方法 运用无血清培养技术进行胎鼠皮质神经元原代培养6 d;先用神经元特异性烯醇化酶免疫组织化学方法纯度鉴定,然后随机分配为4组,将其中3组(第1组作为对照)置于0.5%~0.9%的O₂中,用CCK8试剂盒测试细胞生存率,同时用Real-timePCR和Westernblot观察CYGB在神经元正常及缺氧不同时间点(8 h,16 h,24 h)核酸及蛋白的表达情况。结果 神经元纯度鉴定纯度大于99%;缺氧后神经元生存率随着时间推移降低,但绝大部分神经元仍存活;CYGB核酸及蛋白的表达随缺氧时间增长而递增,且每组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在体外培养的神经元细胞中,缺氧可以促进CYGB的表达,提示CYGB在缺氧性神经损伤中可能发挥某种特定的生理功能。     

核转录因子c-fos和c-jun在新生鼠缺血缺氧脑细胞中的表达

目的 探讨新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤中c-fos和c-jun表达的意义。方法 Wistar大鼠24只分为2组,实验组18只,对照组6只,制备脑缺氧缺血动物模型,用RT-PCR和斑点杂交方法检测新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤后c-fos和c-jun在神经细胞中的表达。均果 2组c-fos和c-jun的表达在不同时间段差异均有显著性(P相似文献   

bFGF对脑缺血大鼠海马及顶叶皮质c-Myc蛋白影响

目的 探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)对脑组织缺血再灌注神经元c-Myc蛋白表达影响及机制.方法 30只大鼠随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌注组、bFGF组,每组10只;应用线栓法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,大脑中动脉阻塞2 h再灌注损伤24 h,采用原位末端标记法(TUNEL)、免疫组织化学法检测海马及顶叶皮质内神经元凋亡和c-Myc蛋白表达.结果 假手术组大鼠海马及顶叶皮质偶见凋亡细胞,神经元内少见c-Myc蛋白阳性细胞;缺血再灌注组海马及顶叶皮质神经元凋亡增加,顶叶皮质及海马神经元内c-Myc蛋白表达灰度值为(88.16±2.43),(86.72±1.23),bFGF组神经元凋亡减少,神经元内c-Myc蛋白表达灰度值为(97.61±1.78),(95.35±2.34).结论 bFGF可减少缺血神经元凋亡,抑制脑缺血诱导的c-Myc蛋白的表达,对脑缺血再灌注海马及顶叶皮质神经元具有保护作用.     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.