GC/MS同时检测人体尿液中可的宁和苯乙醇酸及苯乙醛酸的含量

目的：建立一种同时检测人尿样中可的宁（COT）、苯乙醛酸（PA）和苯乙醇酸（MA）含量的GC/MS分析方法。方法：采用GC/MS法,EI检测器,色谱柱为DB-5MS毛细管柱。进样前尿样先经过氯仿萃取,吹干后用MSTFA衍生化。结果：COT在0.0002-3.5μg.ml^-1呈线性关系,PA和MA在1.25-160μg.ml^-1呈线性关系,定量限分别为0.0002μg.ml^-1、1.25μg.ml^-1和1.25μg.ml^-1,回收率分别为89.53%-102.4%、84.88%-91.46%和83.46%-113.6%。结论：本实验室合并了尼古丁和苯乙烯这两种环境污染物的检测方法,而且定量下限与单个检测方法相当,可用于同时监控和测定尼古丁和苯乙烯对人体的危害。     

HPLC法同时测定布洛伪麻分散片中布洛芬盐酸伪麻黄碱的含量

目的：建立同时测定布洛伪麻分散片中布洛芬和盐酸伪麻黄碱的含量的以相HPLC测定方法。方法：色谱柱为YWG－C18，流动相：甲醇－0.01mol/L磷酸二氢钾－磷酸（75：25：0.1pH=3.6)，检测波长：210nm，流速：1.0ml/min；进样量200μl。结果：布洛芬和盐酸伪麻黄碱分别在20.0-400.0μg/ml;3.0-60.0μg/ml的范围内浓度与峰面积线性关系良好，相关系数分别为r=1.0000和r=0.9999。两组分的回收率分别介于100.67%-101.40%和99.66%-101.64%之间，日内和日间RSD均低于5％。结论：可同时测定布洛伪麻分散片中布洛芬和盐酸伪麻黄碱的含量，而且简便，准确,快速，可用于批次样品的含量测定及质量控制。     

固相萃取结合HPLC法快速测定血清丝裂霉素C含量

目的建立测定血清丝裂霉素C含量的方法.方法血清标本经固相萃取,以反相HPLC测定丝裂霉素C含量.流动相为水乙腈(8515),波长为365nm.结果浓度为5μg/L和100μg/L标准样本的批内变异分别为5.6%、4.5%,批间变异分别为8.7%、7.8%.浓度为5μg/L、100μg/L、200μg/L的标准样本平均回收率分别为91%、94%、97%.线性范围为1～200μg/L.结论该方法简便、敏感、准确、特异,可适于临床应用.     

HPLC法测定氟他胺片的含量

目的：建立用外标法测定氟他胺片含量的简单高效液相色谱方法。方法：采用PurospherStarC18色谱柱（250mm×4.6mm，5μm）；流动相为甲醇∶水（70∶30）；检测波长：227nm；进样量20μl，流量：1.0ml/min；温度30℃。结果：氟他胺在8.016～200.40μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好（r=1）；平均回收率为98.6%，回收率的RSD为0.6%。结论：本测定方法简便快速，灵敏度高，准确度好，可用于氟他胺片的含量测定。     

固相萃取结合HPLC法快速测定血清丝裂霉素C含量

目的建立测定血清丝裂霉素C含量的方法。方法:血清标本经固相萃取,以反相HPLC测定丝裂霉素C含量。流动相为水乙腈(8515),波长为365nm。结果:浓度为5μg/L和100μg/L标准样本的批内变异分别为5.6%、4.5%,批间变异分别为8.7%、7.8%。浓度为5μg/L、100μg/L、200μg/L的标准样本平均回收率分别为91%、94%、97%。线性范围为1～200μg/L。结论:该方法简便、敏感、准确、特异,可适于临床应用。     

泌乳素瘤早期诊断的临床研究

目的：探讨血清PRL的测定及核磁共振的检查对早期诊断垂体泌乳素瘤的作用。方法：选择主诉有闭经，泌乳，月经过频，月经稀少，不孕，性功能减退，头痛，肥胖等症状的女性，进行血清PRL检测，血清PRL高于50μg/L的患者分为阳性组，血清PRL低于50μg/L的患者随机抽出60人为阴性组，两组均进行核磁共振检查，对于血清PRL高于50μg/L的患者以后每3个月进行血清PRL，核磁共振检查，跟踪6个月，共做2次检查，结果：血清PRL高于50μg/L的患者以后每3个月进行血清PRL,核磁共振检查，跟踪6个月，共做2次检查，结果：血清PRL高于50μg/L的阳性组发现有6例垂体泌乳素瘤，血清PRL低于50μg/L的阴性组发现1例垂体泌乳素瘤，血清PRL的水平对临床表现有影响，结论：血清PRL的测定及核磁共振的检查对诊断垂体泌乳素瘤有重要意义。     

大鼠脑组织单胺类递质及代谢产物的检测方法研究

目的：研究大鼠脑组织中单胺类递质及其代谢产物的高效液相反相离子对色谱测定法。方法：采用LiChrosorb C18,10μm色谱柱，流动相为甲醇：水（40：60），含0.028g/L EDTANa2,0.15g/L SDS,0.2ml/L H2SO4(pH2.5-3)，荧光检测波长：λEX＝285，λEX＝333。结果：对87例大鼠脑组织中4种单胺类递质及其代谢产物的含量进行了同时测定，高香草酸（HV）2.50-40.0μg/ml，去甲肾上腺素（NE）0．01－0．50μg/ml，多巴胺（DA），0．05－1．00μg/ml，5－羟色胺（5－HT）0．025－0．50μg/ml，峰面积与其含量呈良好的线性关系。结论：该法操作简便，快速，准确，为组织中单胺类递质及其代谢产物检测的一种理想方法，并适用于临床相关研究。     

RP-HPLC法检查莫达非尼中有关物质及其片剂的含量测定

目的；建立用RP-HPLC法进行莫达非尼有关物质及其片剂的含量测定方法。方法：采用ODS柱，以ψ（乙腈：水）=4：6）为流动相，流速1mL/min；检测波长，结果：在选定的色谱条件下，有关物质与主药分离良好，莫达非尼在1.661-4.982μg，即进样量为20μL时的样品ρ=83-249μg/mL范围内，浓度与峰面积线性良好，平均回收率100.11%,RSD=0.33%；结论：本法可用于莫达非尼有关物质的检查及片剂的含量测定。     

微波消解一氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定中药材中铋含量

目的建立微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定中药材中铋的方法。方法中药材样品经硝酸-过氧化氢进行微波消解后,用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定其中铋含量,并对消解条件和分析条件进行了优化选择。结果铋在2.0-40.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.9999,方法检出限为0.208μg/L,仪器测定铋标准溶液相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.86%,国家一级标准物质茶叶（GBW07605）中铋的测定结果与标准含量一致。样品加标回收率为87.9%-93.0%,样品测定的相对标准偏差（RSD）为3.2%-8.3%。结论该方法测定中药材中的铋简便快速,灵敏度高,结果准确可靠,易于推广普及。     

瑞香素对垂体后叶素致大鼠急性心肌缺血保护作用的研究

目的：观察瑞香素对垂体后叶素致大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用。方法：采用大鼠舌下静脉注射垂体后叶素造成急性心肌缺血模型，心电图检测观察注射垂体后叶素后不同时间点的第Ⅱ导联心电图ST波变化百分率（%），测定血清肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和丙二醛（MDA）的含量，并观察各项指标的变化。结果：瑞香素能明显对抗垂体后叶素引起的急性心肌缺血的心电图变化，提高血清SOD活性、降低CK-MB和MDA含量。结论：瑞香素具有显著对抗垂体后叶素致大鼠急性心肌缺血的作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.