微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛(附554例报告)

1 对象与方法 1 对象与方法 1.1 临床资料 1995年5月～2003年6月我们采用微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛554例,其中男228例,女326例;年龄23～85岁;病程1～42年.     

原发性三叉神经痛的病因及显微血管减压治疗(附91例临床分析)

目的探讨原发性三叉神经痛病因及显微血管减压治疗的手术技巧。方法回顾性分析显微血管减压术治疗的91例原发性三叉神经痛病例资料。结果三叉神经入脑干区有血管压迫者89例。术后疼痛立即消失或显著减轻者78例,1周内明显减轻者11例。随访3~48个月(平均32个月),疼痛消失86例(94.5%),明显缓解、服得理多能够控制满意者5例,无复发病例。结论三叉神经入脑干区血管压迫是原发性三叉神经痛的常见病因。显微血管减压术是有效的治疗方法。准确判定责任血管并采取适当材料及方法使入脑干区减压是提高有效率,减少复发的主要措施。     

微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛

目的综合评价三叉神经微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的近远期疗效及手术风险。方法回顾性分析三叉神经微血管减压术治疗的原发性三叉神经痛25例患者临床资料。手术采用乙状窦后入路,术中分离血管神经后用Teflon补片分隔。结果术中发现24例有血管压迫,18例为小脑上动脉压迫,1例为基底动脉,3例为小脑前下动脉,1例为岩静脉压迫,1例为小脑上动脉和岩静脉压迫,另1例未发现血管压迫。结论三叉神经显微血管减压术临床适应证广泛,对神经损伤小,临床疗效满意,但手术风险不容忽视。     

微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛32例临床观察

原发性三叉神经痛(idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia,ITN)是头面部疼痛的常见原因.目前尚无药物能根治三叉神经痛.微血管减压术(microvascular decompression,MVD)能够长期缓解疼痛,保留面部感觉.我院自2005-07～2007-03采用MVD治疗原发性三叉神经痛32例,取得满意疗效,现总结报告如下.     

微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛

目的提出微血管减压术是治疗原发性三叉神经痛的最佳手术方式。方法报告了12例原发性三叉神经痛患者行微血管减压术,其中11例发现三叉神经入脑干区动脉压迫神经根,将压迫血管与神经根分离,在其间植入纤维蛋白海绵或聚四氟乙烯片维持分离状态,术后除1例疼痛减轻外,其余疼痛完全缓解,另1例术中未发现责任血管,但在神经根远侧段发现有粘连,将粘连松解,使神经根游离。结果所有患者术后疼痛减轻或缓解,所有病例无并发症。结论微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛是去除病因的手术方式,对已行微血管减压术后复发的患者再次行微血管减压术亦可获得满意疗效,作者还认为,神经内镜辅助微血管减压术顺应了当今微侵袭外科的趋势,将有望被更多地用来治疗原发性三叉神经痛。     

微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛(附75例报告)

目的 评价微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床疗效。方法 1998年至2003年采用微血管减压术治疗75例原发性三叉神经痛，对其疗效、并发症及不良反应进行分析。结果 73例有效(总有效率97．3％)，其中疗效优者70例(93．3％)，疗效良者3例(4％)，无效者2例(2．7％)；并发症有脑脊液漏1例、轻度面瘫2例、面部麻木6例、术后口唇嘴角处疱疹11例。不良反应包括头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐等。结论 微血管减压术是一种病因性治疗，具有治愈率高保持三叉神经功能的特点，是原发性三叉神经痛外科治疗的首选方法。     

微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床分析

目的探讨微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的疗效。方法对32例应用微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果术后症状立即消失26例,缓解6例,有效率100%。术后随访6个月无复发。结论微血管减压术是治疗原发性三叉神经痛的有效方法,创伤小,治疗效果好。     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的病因学研究(附84例临床分析)

目的将三叉神经痛微血管减压术结果与术前磁共振血管成像对比研究,探索术前确定三叉神经痛病因的方法。方法利用MRI三维时间飞跃破坏性梯度回聚回波序列对84例三叉神经痛病人行颅脑扫描,观察三叉神经的走形与邻近血管的关系,其中68例行手术治疗。结果MRI显示患侧三叉神经与血管密切接触79例,手术治疗68例与MRI扫描62例阳性相符,2例为岩静脉压迫并蛛网膜粘连。结论血管压迫是三叉神经痛的主要病因,微血管减压术可取得良好效果,磁共振血管成像有益于三叉神经痛的术前病因诊断。     

微血管减压术治疗53例三叉神经痛临床疗效分析

目的探讨微血管减压术在三叉神经痛患者中的应用效果。方法采用微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛患者53例,探讨其临床效果。结果 53例患者中治愈46例(86.8%),显效3例(5.7%),有效2例(3.8%),无效2例(3.8%),总有效率为96.2%(51/53);本组术中确认存在病变血管患者51例(96.2%),其中动脉47例,静脉4例;术后均未发生严重手术并发症及不良反应。结论微血管减压术对三叉神经痛疗效可靠,且较为安全,值得推广。     

原发性三叉神经痛微血管减压治疗体会

目的探讨微血管减压术在原发性三叉神经痛治疗中的效果。方法回顾性分析经微血管减压术治疗的36例原发性三叉神经痛患者的临床资料。结果 35例患者术后1周内疼痛明显缓解,1例疼痛轻度改善。术后分别电话或门诊随访3月至2年,32例疼痛完全消失;3例疼痛明显改善,但需结合小剂量药物控制;1例术后一个月左右复发。除1例怀疑有短暂性脑脊液鼻漏外无其它手术相关并发症。结论微血管减压术是原发性三叉神经痛的理想治疗手段,手术病例严格选择(有典型症状,且术前MRI颅底薄层增强扫描提示痛侧三叉神经根部有血管紧密接触),术中判定责任血管、解除压迫、充分且适当减压三叉神经是保证疗效的关键。     

显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛预后因素的分析

目的探讨显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛影响预后的因素。方法经显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛并获得完整随访资料的187例病人，用时序检验及COX回归模型分析影响预后诸因素。结果近期疗效优者164例（87．7％），良者23例（12．3％）。平均随访期7．38年，随访期间33例有不同程度的复发，中位复发时间为6个月，临床总有效率为82．4％，且复发大多在术后2年内，单因素分析表明动脉性压迫、神经存在血管压迹及减压方式与临床有效率有关，而单因素及多因素分析均显示静脉性压迫为复发的主要因素。结论神经受压程度、压迫血管的类型及不同的手术方式为影响显微血管减压术治疗三叉神经病预后的主要因素。     

Microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia: A critical reappraisal

The results of posterior fossa explorations for trigeminal neuralgia over the period 1980–1990 in 58 patients and in 59 procedures were studied retrospectively. In 51 procedures vascular compression was treated by microvascular decompression (MVD), In the absence of such a compression, partial sensory rhizotomy (PSR) was performed in 5 cases and only adhesiolysis of thickened arachnoidea in 2 cases. In one additional case the procedure was terminated prematurely due to the development of cerebellar edema. Two months postoperatively a good or fair result was obtained in 80% of the procedures. At long-term follow-up (mean 77.3 months, range 8–146 months), a good or fair result was maintained in 71%. There was no significant difference in outcome between the MVD group and the other procedures, or between the three groups formed according to the type of vascular compression. However, in the group of 10 patients with a history of a procedure affecting the trigeminal ganglion or nerve root the result was worse. In the group of 41 MVD patients rendered free of pain at 2 months postoperatively, 8 patients perceived a recurrence. The annual recurrence rate was calculated to be 2.6%. There was no mortality in this series but the morbidity rate was 22% including 1.7% persistent neurological deficit. Compared to the literature results of percutaneous controlled differential thermocoagulation (PCDT), the recurrence and failure rates in the present series appear to be more or less the same. As neither of the two is an unequivocally more effective treatment, we are of the opinion that the less invasive procedure should be preferred. Moreover, the possibility that thermocoagulation might negatively influence the result of a subsequent MVD in case of recurrence underlines the need for a prospective randomised trial to clarify this issue.     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛74例疗效分析

目的 探讨微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛(TN)的临床疗效和并发症.方法 武警江苏总队南京医院口腔科自2002年8月至2009年4月共行微血管减压术治疗TN患者74例,回顾性分析患者的临床资料和疗效.结果 本组患者术后均临床治愈出院,无死亡病例.术后颅内血肿1例(1.35%),术侧小脑水肿致非交通性脑积水1例(1.35%),颅内感染2例(2.7%),均经积极对症治疗后缓解.全部患者随访3个月～6年,无复发病例,遗留术侧轻微面瘫2例(2.7%),听力轻度下降1例(14%).结论 微血管减压术解除了TN的常见病因,保留三叉神经的功能,是治疗TN的首选方法.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of microvascular decompression on patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and its complications. Methods A retrospective analysis of 74 patients with microvascular decompression, admitted to our hospital from August 2002 to April 2009,was performed; the clinical data and thc treatment efficacy were analyzed. Results The total effective rate was 100% without death. Intracranial hematoma appeared in 1 patient (1.35%); edema of the cerebellum in the operated side caused 1 patient (1.35%) having non-communicating hydrocephalus and 2 (2.7%) having intracranial infection, and all were relieved symptoms after treatment. All patients were followed up for 3 months to 6 years; no recurrence was noted; facial paralysis in 2 (2.7%) and slight hearing-loss in 1were found. Conclusion Microvascular decompression, lifting the common cause of TN and fully retaining the function of trigeminal nerve, is the preferred method for treatment of TN.     

Microvascular decompression for recurrent trigeminal neuralgia

Recurrence of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) symptoms after microvascular decompression (MVD) is a challenge for neurosurgeons. This study evaluates the indication, efficacy and safety of re-do MVD. We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent MVD for TN from January 2000 to June 2012. The parameters of study interest were pre-operative magnetic resonance tomographic angiography (MRTA) findings and operative findings. Pain outcome was scored using the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) grading scale. Twelve patients underwent re-do MVD following recurrence of pain. Vascular compression was detected on pre-operative MRTA images in eight patients, a small mass was found in two patients, and pre-operative imaging was negative in two patients. Of the eight patients with a positive finding of arterial conflict, a vascular loop was identified intra-operatively in five patients (62.5%); in two (25.0%) a small granuloma filled with Teflon fibers was found compressed the trigeminal nerve; and in one patient (12.5%) only dense arachnoid adhesions were found around the trigeminal nerve. For the two patients with mass compression on MRTA images, a granuloma was found during operation. Neurovascular compression was found in the two patients with negative preoperative MRTA images. Re-do MVD is a safe and effective treatment for recurrent TN when indicated by a prolonged pain-free period following the first surgery.     

Microvascular decompression for elderly patients with trigeminal neuralgia

Microvascular decompression (MVD) has been demonstrated to be an excellent surgical treatment approach in younger patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN). However, it is not clear whether there are additional morbidity and mortality risks for MVD in the elderly population. We performed a systematic literature review using six electronic databases for studies that compared outcomes for MVD for TN in elderly (cut-off ⩾60, 65, 70 years) versus younger populations. Outcomes examined included success rate, deaths, strokes, thromboembolism, meningitis, cranial nerve deficits and cerebrospinal fluid leaks. There were 1524 patients in the elderly cohort and 3488 patients in the younger cohort. There was no significant difference in success rates in elderly versus younger patients (87.5% versus 84.8%; P = 0.47). However, recurrence rates were lower in the elderly (11.9% versus 15.6%; P = 0.03). The number of deaths in the elderly cohort was higher (0.9% versus 0.1%; P = 0.003). Rates of stroke (2.5% versus 1%) and thromboembolism (1.1% versus 0%) were also higher for elderly TN patients. No differences were found for rates of meningitis, cranial nerve deficits or cerebrospinal fluid leak. MVD remains an effective and reasonable strategy in the elderly population. There is evidence to suggest that rates of complications such as death, stroke, and thromboembolism may be significantly higher in the elderly population. The presented results may be useful in the decision-making process for MVD in elderly patients with TN.     

微血管减压术治疗老年性三叉神经痛的临床分析

目的 探讨微血管减压术(MVD)治疗老年性三叉神经痛的效果和安全性.方法 收集大连大学附属中山医院神经外科自2005年1月至2008年6月收治的84例三叉神经痛患者的临床资料,回顾性分析其中29例65岁以上老年患者(老年组)行MVD的疗效及其并发症,并与同期65岁以下患者(对照组)比较.结果 老年组与对照组术后效果均良好,老年组术后疼痛缓解率为93.10%,对照组为96.36%;老年组存在一定的解剖学和身体特征,如有脑萎缩的倾向、责任血管部分动脉硬化明显(老年组约1/4,对照组约1/10)、既往伴有其它全身疾病增多(老年组占71.69%,对照组占41.81%)、术后并发症风险增大的表现(老年组1例术后出现脑十梗死,2例术后出现下肢深血栓栓塞症).结论 结合现代化有效的围手术期处理,用MVD可治愈或缓解老年性三又神经痛.     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛技术要点分析(附1537例临床报道)

目的 ;探讨作者所在单位自1982年2月~2004年2月采用微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的技术要点分析。方法通过介绍22年来采用微血管减压术治疗1537例。作乳突后颅骨小切口,探查桥脑旁区,找到压迫神经的血管分开后用隔膜隔开减压。结果术后止痛者1496例(97.33%),死亡3例(0.19%),疼痛复发14例(0.91%)。并发症发生率约5.34%,发生小脑损害8例(0.52%),听神经损伤17例(1.1%),面神经损伤15例(0.98%),脊液漏15例(0.98%)。通过技术要点分析,近几年不断改进手术步骤中的技巧,扩大手术视野,减少手术并发症的发生。结论通过显微手术技术的总结,微血管减压术是治疗三叉神经痛安全且有效的治疗手段。     

三叉神经痛的病因诊断和显微手术治疗(附238例报告)

目的探讨三叉神经痛的病因诊断和显微手术治疗的安全性和疗效。方法238例保守治疗无效的三叉神经痛患者行磁共振检查，明确病因后分别行微血管减压或显微手术肿瘤切除治疗。结果影像学检查发现继发性病因肿瘤15例占6．3％。223例原发性三叉神经痛磁共振体层血管成像（MRTA）显示压迫责任血管181例，阳性率81．2％。202例（84．9％）患者术后疼痛消失，23例（9．6％）患者症状明显减轻。手术有效率94．5％。治疗有效的161例获随访3-118个月，平均38个月。术后4年内复发11例，复发率6．8％。结论继发性三叉神经痛并非少见。特殊序列的磁共振不仅有助于发现继发性病因，而且能够显示压迫责任血管，对指导手术和病人筛选都有重要价值。三叉神经痛微血管减压（MVD）手术的安全性和有效性与术者的经验和熟练操作程度密切相关。