泪道激光联合泪道植管治疗泪道阻塞的护理

目的探讨泪道激光联合泪道植管术治疗泪道阻塞的护理。方法通过应用泪道Nd：YAG激光成形联合泪道植管治疗泪道阻塞共68人（85只眼）,总结分析术前、术中、术后的护理措施。结果通过术前、术中、术后的各项护理,随访6月,泪道阻塞治疗的有效率为98．8％,通畅率为90．6％,未出现明显并发症。结论对泪道激光成形联合泪道植管治疗的患者行相应的护理措施极其重要,能最大限度地减轻患者手术的痛苦,减少手术并发症的发生,大大提高本法治疗的成功率。     

激光联合泪道置管和泪道药物灌注治疗泪道阻塞的疗效对比

目的 观察KTP激光联合泪道置管和泪道药物灌注治疗泪道阻塞的疗效.方法 以KTP激光疏通阻塞后联合硅胶管泪道留置和泪道定期药物灌注,3～4月后拔除硅胶管,术后随访6月,观察冲洗泪道结果以及有无溢泪症状.结果 激光联合硅胶管留置治疗泪道阻塞53眼,治愈42眼,治愈率为7 9.2%,效果较好.激光联合泪道药物灌注治疗泪道阻塞55眼,治愈36眼,治愈率为65.5%,效果较差.结论 激光联合泪道硅胶管置入是治疗泪道阻塞的有效方法,长期观察效果较好.     

KTP激光联合逆行置管术治疗泪道阻塞的护理

总结296例(315眼)泪道阻塞患者行KTP激光联合逆行置管术的护理.护理重点是术前做好患者的心理护理,进行泪道冲洗与造影,调试激光设备及准备术中用物;术中配合医生使用各种器械,安抚患者;术后加强病情观察,定期行泪道冲洗,做好健康教育,提高患者治疗的依从性.治愈261眼,有效29眼,无效25眼,总有效率92.1%.     

激光疏通联合丝裂霉素C冲洗治疗泪道阻塞疗效观察

目的：探讨治疗泪道阻塞有效可行措施。方法：对12j例150眼泪道阻塞患者行激光疏通联合丝裂霉素c液冲洗，并随访1～1.5年。观察疗效。结果：150眼中144眼末次随访泪道冲洗仍通畅，治愈率96％；6眼再闭塞，无效4％。结论：激光疏通联合丝裂霉素C冲洗治疗泪道阻塞是一种有效可行的方法，操作方便．值得推广。     

泪道激光联合顺行植入泪道引流管治疗泪道阻塞

慢性泪囊炎、泪道阻塞是眼科常见病、多发病,可引起溢泪甚至溢脓症状,给患者的工作及生活带来许多不便.泪道激光等方法治疗泪道阻塞在一定程度上提高了其治疗效果,但远期效果并不十分理想.2008年10月～2009年6月本科对就诊40例(43眼)泪道阻塞患者实施Nd:YAG激光联合顺行植入泪道引流管,取得了良好疗效,现报告如下.     

KTP激光联合易贝眼液灌注治疗泪道阻塞

目的：观察KTP激光联合易贝眼液灌注治疗泪道阻塞的临床疗效。方法：应用KTP激光疏通泪道，术后易贝眼液灌注治疗多种类型泪道阻塞，随访78例113只眼，随访2-12个月。结果：采用此方法治疗多种类型泪道阻塞，通过随访观察，疏通治愈107眼(94．69％)，未愈6只眼(5.31％)。结论：KTP激光联合易贝眼液灌注治疗泪道阻塞简单、有效。     

激光治疗泪道阻塞726例临床疗效分析

目的评价激光治疗泪道阻塞的疗效。方法用KTP激光导光纤维对726例共763眼不同部位泪道阻塞进行连续击射,直至泪道通畅。术后对患者治疗效果进行回顾性分析。结果763眼随访3～10个月,1次激光治愈649眼(占85.06%),2～3次激光治愈71眼(占9.31%),无效43眼(占5.63%)。结论泪道阻塞性疾病用激光治疗是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

激光泪道成形术患者398例的护理

ＹＡＧ泪道激光成形术是具有出血少、不留瘢痕、手术时间短、痛苦小、可反复多次治疗等特点。因手术成功率较高，目前已广泛应用于泪道阻塞的治疗。我科自１９９９年１月至２０００年８月开展激光泪道成形术治疗各种泪道疾患共计３９８例。现将有关护理情况报告如下：１ 临床资料１、１ 设备和器械 武汉夏普兰楚天医疗激光生产的ＹＹ１００－Ｊ型泪道激光治疗机，９号冲洗式泪道探针、泪点扩张器及常规泪道冲洗针头。１．２ 对象 本组患者３９８例（４２８眼）其中男性７１例，女性３２７例，年龄１１～７９岁。病程最短１个月，最长２０余…     

泪道探通联合泪道注药治疗泪道阻塞临床观察

目的探讨泪道探通联合氧氟沙星眼膏泪道留置对泪道阻塞的治疗效果。方法对48例58眼泪道阻塞患者行泪道探通联合泪道注药,观察泪道引流泪液功能的恢复情况。结果随访6-12个月,治愈33例42眼（72.41%）,好转10例11眼（18.97%）,无效5例5眼（8.62%）,总有效率为91.38%。结论泪道探通联合泪道注药治疗泪道阻塞简便、快速、效果良好。     

泪道激光术后联合丝裂霉素、透明质酸钠、典必殊眼膏治疗泪道阻塞

目的评价泪道激光术后联合丝裂霉素、透明质酸钠、典必殊眼膏治疗泪道阻塞的效果。方法利用Nd：YAG激光疏通泪道阻塞部位后，将0．4mg／ml丝裂霉素、与等剂量透明质酸钠混合胶体注入阻塞部位，5min后经泪道探针注入生理盐水30～50ml，充分彻底冲洗泪道，再将典必殊眼膏注入阻塞部位。随访3～12个月。结果实验组32眼，治愈26眼，治愈率81．25％。结论泪道激光术后丝裂霉素、透明质酸钠、典必殊眼膏治疗泪道阻塞疗效肯定。     

Prevalence and severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and effect of vitamin supplementation.

OBJECTIVE: Although nausea and vomiting of pregnancy is the most common medical condition during pregnancy, there are many unanswered questions regarding its cause, epidemiologic features and optimal management. The objectives of this study were to ascertain the prevalence of nausea and vomiting in a sample of Canadian women, to characterize the distribution of their severity and to investigate the role of vitamin B6 deficiency in their etiology. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Antenatal counselling service for pregnant women. PATIENTS: Three cohorts of women: a prospective, population-based cohort of 193 women, to estimate the rate and severity of nausea and vomiting (cohort A); a cohort of 555 women who sought advice for nausea with or without vomiting, to study the correlation between the maximal daily number of episodes of vomiting and maximal weight loss (cohort B); and a prospective cohort of 301 women who reported vomiting, to correlate vitamin supplementation with vomiting (cohort C). INTERVENTIONS: All 3 cohorts were interviewed during the counselling session, and cohort B was followed up prospectively. OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequency of nausea and vomiting, weight loss, maximal number of daily episodes of vomiting, rate of multivitamin supplementation. RESULTS: Overall, 67% of the women in cohort A reported experiencing nausea or vomiting, or both; 22% reported vomiting, and 9% experienced weight loss. In cohort B there was a significant correlation between the maximal number of daily episodes of vomiting and maximal weight loss, although there was wide variation (r2 = 0.25, p < 0.001). There was a highly significant correlation between the number of daily vomiting episodes and mean weight loss (r2 = 0.99). In cohort C, vomiting was significantly associated with lack of supplementation with multivitamins before 6 weeks' gestation (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The relation between number of daily vomiting episodes and mean weight loss may serve as a clinical tool to assess the severity of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and the success of anti-emetics and rehydration regimens. Further study is needed to elucidate the biologic basis of the observed association between vomiting and lack of multivitamin supplementation in early pregnancy.     

城乡居民高血压与饮食习惯的调查分析

心血管疾病是我国的多发病和人群的主要死亡原因之一,而高血压已成为中老年人的常见病,是冠心病、脑卒中最主要的危险因素,已成为世界性公共卫生问题[1].随着我国经济的发展及人们生活水平的日益提高,我国在1958年、1979年、1991年分别进行了全国性的高血压普查,结果表明,我国高血压患病率在持续上升,且上升速度逐年加快[2].由于文化程度、生活习惯以及信息来源不足的差异也是导致城居民高血压患病率持续上升的重要原因,因此指导城乡居民进行合理的饮食,对预防高血压的发生、发展有着重要的意义.     

骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的CT及MRI表现:9例报告并文献复习

目的探讨骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的CT及MRI表现。方法收集手术病理证实的9例骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的临床及影像学资料,9例术前8例接受CT扫描,3例接受MRI检查。结果9例中骨脂肪瘤6例,骨血管脂肪瘤3例。6例骨脂肪瘤发生于骨内4例,骨旁2例。骨内脂肪瘤跟骨1例,距骨1例,眶骨1例,肱骨1例。骨旁脂肪瘤颅骨1例,股骨1例。骨血管脂肪瘤发生于肋骨1例,颅骨1例,椎骨1例。骨内脂肪瘤CT显示病变骨质呈轻度膨胀性改变,边缘见轻度硬化环,病灶内见脂肪密度及条弧形、结节状钙化,MRI显示病灶T1WI呈高信号,PDWI及T2WI抑脂序列呈低信号。骨旁脂肪瘤CT呈不均匀高密度团块,MRI显示病灶T1WI呈高信号,T1WI及T2WI抑脂序列呈低信号。3例骨血管脂肪瘤CT显示病变骨质呈显著膨胀性改变,骨破坏边缘及内部见多发骨嵴及粗大骨小梁,高密度骨针呈放射状、簇状或不规则排列。结论骨内脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤CT及MRI表现均以脂肪成分为主要特征,骨旁脂肪瘤CT以骨化性团块为特征,骨血管脂肪瘤骨质膨胀性改变较骨内脂肪瘤显著,病灶边缘及中心以多发骨嵴及粗大骨小梁为特征。      

城乡居民高血压与饮食习惯的调查分析

心血管疾病是我国的多发病和人群的主要死亡原因之一,而高血压已成为中老年人的常见病,是冠心病、脑卒中最主要的危险因素,已成为世界性公共卫生问题。随着我国经济的发展及人们生活水平的日益提高,我国在1958年、1979年、1991年分别进行了全国性的高血压普查,结果表明,我国高血压患病率在持续上升,且上升速度逐年加快。由于文化程度、生活习惯以及信息来源不足的差异也是导致城居民高血压患病率持续上升的重要原因,因此指导城乡居民进行合理的饮食,对预防高血压的发生、发展有着重要的意义。     

Attitude differences of volunteers and nonvolunteers and of susceptible and nonsusceptible hypnotic subjects

A form of the Semantic Differential, containing 9 concepts related to hypnosis and research, was administered to 96 hypnotically inexperienced male Ss. The Ss were later asked to volunteer for a hypnotic experiment, and the hypnotic susceptibility of all volunteers (N = 51) was then determined. Semantic Differential responses of volunteers and nonvolunteers and of highly susceptible and unhyp-notizable Ss were compared. Differences between groups, in both comparisons, were generally not statistically significant, a finding which suggests that there is no simple relationship between paper-and-pencil measures of attitudes and volunteering for hypnotic experiments or hypnotizability.     

麻疹和风疹临床特征及监测病例定义的敏感度和特异度分析

目的 为了解麻疹和风疹的临床症状特征,并评价不同麻疹疑似病例定义的监测效果。 方法 2010年在北京市昌平区开展发热出疹性病例的流行病学调查,收集病例的一般情况、临床症状和体征、免疫史等信息。 结果 麻疹和风疹在发热程度、皮疹持续时间、发热至出疹时间间隔以及卡他症状、结膜炎、淋巴结肿大和关节疼痛等临床症状和体征有明显差异。北京市和卫生部麻疹疑似病例诊断标准的敏感度和特异度分别为94%、50%和45%、94%。如以"发热≥38℃,发热后第3天或以后出疹,并伴有卡他症状或结膜炎之一者"作为麻疹疑似病例诊断标准,敏感度和特异度分别为81%和92%。 结论 北京市麻疹发病率较低,北京市麻疹疑似病例诊断标准的敏感度较高,对于消除麻疹,及时发现病例有效。在消除麻疹进程中,要视不同发病率选择适宜的监测病例定义,以提高监测效力。