不同药物术毕前加强镇痛对老年患者全麻术后躁动的影响

目的比较术毕前不同药物加强镇痛对老年患者全麻术后躁动的影响。方法选取择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的90例老年患者作为研究对象,采用随机双盲法将其分为N组、S组、D组,各30例。术毕前15 min,N组给予生理盐水,S组给予舒芬太尼0.1μg/kg,D组给予地佐辛5 mg,均稀释至5 mL。观察并比较3组患者的苏醒时间,镇静、镇痛、躁动评分,苏醒室停留时间及不良反应等。结果 3组间基本资料差异无统计学意义(P0.05);3组患者均有不同程度的躁动发生,N组躁动发生率(53.3%)显著高于S组、D组(P0.05),S组、D组躁动发生率无显著差异(P0.05);S组苏醒时间最长,Steward苏醒评分最低,与N组、D组相比差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);N组Prince-Henry疼痛评分显著高于S组、D组(P0.05);N组麻醉后监护室(PACU)停留时间显著长于S组、D组(P0.05);S组术毕呼吸抑制发生率及纳洛酮使用率显著高于N组、D组(P0.05)。结论老年患者丙泊酚靶控全麻术毕前以地佐辛5 mg加强镇痛,躁动发生率低,苏醒评分高,且苏醒时间、PACU停留时间不延长,术毕不良反应也较少。     

地佐辛复合丙泊酚对腹腔镜胆囊切除患者苏醒期躁动的影响

目的比较地佐辛复合丙泊酚与单纯使用地佐辛对腹腔镜胆囊切除患者苏醒期躁动的影响。方法 60例腹腔镜胆囊切除患者ASA分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,年龄20～60岁,将其随机分为三组:对照组(C组),地佐辛组(D组),丙泊酚复合地佐辛组(Z组)。入室后常规诱导插管,监测各项指标,静吸复合麻醉维持,根据各项指标调整给药速度及量,手术结束前15 min停所有维持药物。停药后进行如下处理:C组不用任何药物,D组给予地佐辛0.1 mg/kg,Z组给予地佐辛0.1 mg/kg及丙泊酚10μg/kg/min。记录拔管后5、10、15 min时行为疼痛评分、镇静评分及呼吸(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)值。结果 D组与Z组停药后行为疼痛评分与C组比较明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且Z组效果优于D组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);各组各时点镇静评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与初始比较,D组与Z组停药后HR、MAP均无明显改变,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论地佐辛复合丙泊酚可明显降低腹腔镜胆囊切除患者苏醒期躁动的发生率,且效果优于单纯地佐辛。     

静注地佐辛超前镇痛对预防小儿全身麻醉苏醒期躁动的研究

目的:研究静注地佐辛超前镇痛对预防小儿全身麻醉苏醒期躁动的临床效果。方法:选取我院收治的50例ASA分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,拟在插管全麻下行小儿行腹股沟疝修补术的患儿为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组25例。观察组在麻醉诱导前给予静脉注射地佐辛,对照组注射等容量生理盐水,比较两组患儿苏醒时间、苏醒期躁动评分、 MAP、HR、术后疼痛程度及恶心呕吐发生率。结果:观察组苏醒时间、苏醒躁动评分均明显低于对照组,P0.05;观察组患儿拔管后5 min MAP及HR比较无显著差异,P0.05;拔管后30 min、1 h MAP及HR比较,观察组均明显低于对照组,P0.05;观察组患儿术后30 min、6 h、12 h疼痛评分均明显低于对照组,P0.05;两组恶心呕吐发生率比较无显著性差异。结论:静注地佐辛超前镇痛在小儿腹股沟疝修补术中,术后患儿苏醒迅速,苏醒期躁动评分低,术后镇痛时间相对较长,不良反应少,值得临床应用。     

地佐辛防治腹腔镜卵巢切除术患者苏醒期躁动的效果

目的 观察地佐辛防治腹腔镜卵巢切除术患者苏醒期躁动(EA)的临床疗效.方法 62例腹腔镜卵巢切除术患者随机分为两组,各31例,地佐辛组(D组)于关腹前30min肌肉注射地佐辛0.2mg/kg,对照组(C组)注射等量0.9%氯化钠注射液,比较两组患者自主呼吸恢复时间、拔管时间、睁眼时间及不良反应发生情况,比较拔管时、拔管后5min及拔管后30min两组患者疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、躁动评分(RS)及镇静满意率.结果 两组患者自主呼吸恢复时间、睁眼时间及拔管时间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);拔管时、拔管后5min及拔管30min后D组患者VAS、RS均低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),D组镇静满意率拔管时和拔管后5min高于C组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.038、0.039),拔管后30min两组差异无统计学意义(P=0.054);D组不良反应发生率低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.020).结论 关腹前30min肌肉注射地佐辛可防治腹腔镜卵巢切除术患者苏醒期躁动,减少术后并发症,有临床推广应用价值.     

地佐辛用于烧伤病人全麻苏醒期镇痛的疗效观察

目的探讨地佐辛用于烧伤患者全麻术后苏醒期镇静镇痛的临床疗效。方法烧伤全身麻醉植皮手术患者90例,随机分为三组,每组30例,分别在手术结束前10min静注地佐辛(D组)0.1mg/kg、芬太尼(F组)1ug/kg及0.9%氯化钠注射液(NS组)2ml,观察并记录患者术后拔管即时、拔管后5min、30min、6h的疼痛视觉模拟评分、躁动评分,拔管后即刻和拔管后5min的收缩压、舒张压、心率、呼吸频率,记录自主呼吸恢复及拔管时间及不良反应。结果拔管后即时、拔管后5min、30min,D组和F组躁动和疼痛评分明显低于NS组(F分别=22.96、23.84、6.31;20.48、26.61、8.23,P均<0.05),拔管后6h各组比较,差异无统计学意义(F分别=1.12、0.25,P均>0.05)。地佐辛不延长自主呼吸恢复及拔管时间(F分别=1.12、0.21,P均>0.05),而F组自主呼吸恢复及拔管时间较NS组延长(F分别=13.47、5.90,P均<0.05);D组不良反应率小于F组(χ2=13.20,P<0.05)。结论地佐辛能有效预防烧伤病人全身麻醉苏醒期躁动发生率,而且苏醒迅速,血流动力学稳定,并可避免使用芬太尼呼吸抑制的潜在风险。     

不同剂量地佐辛对腹腔镜手术患者全身麻醉镇痛效果及对苏醒期躁动的影响

目的:对比不同剂量地佐辛对腹腔镜手术患者全身麻醉镇痛效果及对苏醒期躁动的影响。方法:选取2016年5月～2017年4月期间于我院择期行腹腔镜手术治疗的患者88例。利用随机数字表法分为D1、D2、D3、C组,每组各22例。分别于术毕前15min静注0.1、0.2、0.3mg/kg地佐辛及等量生理盐水。记录比较四组拔管前(T_1)及拔管后1min(T_2)、5min(T_3)、10min(T_4)时口述痛觉评分(VRS)及苏醒期躁动评分。结果:与C组T_1～T_4时相比,D1、D2、D3组同时点VRS评分均显著更低(P0.01);与D1组T_1～T_4时对比,D2、D3组同期VRS评分均显著更低(P0.01);但D2与D3组各时点VRS评分对比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。与C组比较,D1、D2、D3组苏醒期躁动评分均显著更低(P0.01);与D1组对比, D2、D3组苏醒期躁动评分均显著更低(P0.05);且与D3组相比,D2组苏醒期躁动评分显著更低(P0.01)。结论:全麻下腹腔镜手术患者术毕前静注0.2mg/kg地佐辛更能有效发挥镇痛效果,抑制苏醒期躁动,辅助麻醉效果显著。     

不同剂量地佐辛预防鼻道手术全身麻醉苏醒期不良反应的效果评价

目的探讨不同剂量地佐辛对鼻道手术全身麻醉苏醒期不良反应的预防效果。方法选择2013年1—12月在我院于瑞芬太尼及七氟醚复合全身麻醉下择期行鼻内窥镜下鼻道手术60例,随机分为0.10、0.15和0.20 mg/kg地佐辛组各20例。手术结束前15 min,3组分别静脉注射地佐辛0.10、0.15和0.20 mg/kg。记录各组呼吸恢复时间、睁眼时间、拔管时间及麻醉前(T0)、拔管前(T1)、拔管时(T2)、拔管后10 min(T3)、拔管后30 min(T4)、拔管后60 min(T5)的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、脉搏血氧饱和度(Sp O2),并于拔管时进行拔管咳嗽评分,拔管后5 min采用镇静-躁动评分法(SAS)和视觉模拟评分法(VAS)对躁动和疼痛情况进行评分。结果 3组睁眼时间、拔管时间随着地佐辛浓度增高逐渐延长,SAS评分随着地佐辛浓度增高逐渐降低,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);拔管咳嗽评分随着地佐辛浓度增高逐渐降低,0.20 mg/kg地佐辛组与0.10及0.15 mg/kg地佐辛组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);VAS评分随着地佐辛浓度增高逐渐降低,0.15及0.20 mg/kg地佐辛组与0.10 mg/kg地佐辛组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。T1、T2、T3时3组MAP均较T0时升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);T1、T2、T3时3组随着地佐辛浓度增高MAP逐渐降低,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。T1、T2时3组HR均较T0时升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);T1、T2时3组随着地佐辛浓度增高HR逐渐降低,0.20 mg/kg地佐辛组与0.10及0.15 mg/kg地佐辛组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。3组间各时间点Sp O2变化不大,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在瑞芬太尼及七氟醚复合全身麻醉下行鼻道手术,手术结束前15 min静脉注射地佐辛0.15 mg/kg可起到良好镇痛作用,并可减轻患者全身麻醉苏醒期心血管应激反应,抑制拔管时呛咳,减少躁动。     

不同剂量右美托咪定复合七氟烷麻醉对妇科腔镜手术患者苏醒期躁动的影响

目的观察不同剂量右美托咪定复合七氟烷麻醉对妇科腔镜手术患者苏醒期躁动的影响。方法将90例行腹腔镜下全子宫切除术的患者随机分为N组、D1组和D2组,各30例。D1、D2组于全麻诱导后分别泵注0.5、0.8μg/(kg·h)右美托咪定至术毕前30 min,N组给予泵注生理盐水10 mL/h。术中吸入3%七氟烷复合麻醉维持。记录三组的苏醒时间、拔管时间、PACU期间最高Ramsay评分、Ricker镇静-躁动评分(SAS评分)、MAP、HR及术中麻药用量。结果 D1组的苏醒时间、拔管时间短于N组和D2组(P<0.05);D2组的PACU期间最高Ramsay评分高于N组和D1组(P<0.05);D1、D2组的术中SAS评分低于N组(P<0.05)。T_1时,D1、D2组的MAP和HR均低于N组,D2组的HR低于D1组(P<0.05);T_2时,D1和D2组的MAP、HR均低于N组(P<0.05);T_3时,D1组的MAP低于N组、D2组,D1和D2组的HR均低于N组(P<0.05)。D1、D2组术中瑞芬太尼及七氟烷的用量均少于N组,D2组少于D1组(P<0.05)。结论全麻诱导后以0.5μg/(kg·h)静脉泵注右美托咪定,可缩短妇科腔镜手术患者苏醒时间和拔管时间,且可维持围术期血流动力学的平稳,减少麻醉药物用量。     

地佐辛对气管拔管期气道反应及心血管反应的影响

目的 研究全身麻醉术毕前应用镇痛药地佐辛对气管拔管期心血管反应、呛咳程度、镇静程度的影响,探讨其在麻醉苏醒期应用的可行性及安全性.方法 选择择期需要全身麻醉,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级的肿瘤手术患者60例.根据手术结束前30 min用药方案的不同随机分为两组,对照组(Control,C组)和地佐辛组(Dezocine,D组),每组30例.两组患者的麻醉诱导及维持用药方案相同.以静脉注射芬太尼及丙泊酚、维库溴铵,进行麻醉诱导,麻醉维持以丙泊酚靶控,异氟醚吸入,间断给予维库溴铵维持.手术结束前30 min,分别静脉给予单次剂量的地佐辛0.125 mg/kg或等容积的生理盐水.术毕当达到拔管指征时,拔除气管导管.分别记录两组患者气管拔管期各观察点平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)的变化,呛咳发生率和严重程度;并记录镇静评分,麻醉苏醒时间,拔管时间及并发症.结果 MAP、HR值在拔管时及拔管后2 min在C组显著增高,与D组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).呛咳严重程度及发生率D组明显减少,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).镇静评分及导管拔除时间,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05).结论 手术结束前30 min静脉注射地佐辛0.125 mg/kg,能有效减轻拔管期的心血管反应和气道反应,对术后呼吸运动无影响,且不影响患者苏醒.     

地佐辛预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者全麻苏醒期躁动临床疗效观察

目的 评价地佐辛对腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)患者全麻苏醒期躁动的影响.方法 选择全身麻醉下行LC术患者60例(ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级),并随机分为3组.观察组:关腹前30 min分别肌肉注射地佐辛0.1 mg/kg(A组,n=20)、0.2 mg/kg(B组,n=20) 对照组:给予5 ml 0.9%氯化钠溶液静注(C组,n=20).比较3组患者全麻清醒时间、拔管时间、拔管时患者的血流动力学指标、拔管后的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、苏醒期躁动发生率及拔管后苏醒室内患者恶心呕吐和呼吸抑制等不良反应情况.结果 3组患者的全麻清醒时间、拔管时间差异无显著性;但拔管时的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)和全麻苏醒期躁动发生率A组和B组明显低于C组(P<0.05),且无呼吸抑制;苏醒后VAS评分C组最高,A组和B组次之(P＜0.05).拔管后苏醒室内恶心呕吐的发生率C组明显高于A组和B组(P＜0.01).结论 0.2 mg/kg地佐辛于手术结束前30 min肌肉注射可以明显降低LC患者全麻苏醒期躁动的发生率.     

Determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum using immunological inhibition of creatine kinase M subunit activity. Activity kinetics and diagnostic significance in myocardial infarction.

This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.     

俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者氧合的影响

目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高＜20％视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P＜0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P＜0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P＜0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.     

Digital imaging among medical facilities

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.     

Myocardial elastography at both high temporal and spatial resolution for the detection of infarcts

Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.     

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Morphine

Morphine, the most widely used mu-opioid analgesic for acute and chronic pain, is the standard against which new analgesics are measured. A thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetics of morphine is required in order to safely and effectively use this analgesic in a wide variety of patients with different levels of organ function. A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify literature published between 1966 and January 2002 relevant to the pharmacokinetics of morphine. These publications were reviewed and the literature summarized regarding unique and clinically important elements of morphine disposition relative to its parenteral administration (including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, epidural and intrathecal administration), absorption profile (immediate release, controlled release, and sublingual/buccal, and rectal administration), distribution, and its metabolism/ excretion. Special populations, including infants, elderly, and those with renal/liver failure, have a unique morphine pharmacokinetic profile that must be taken into account in order to maximize analgesic efficacy and reduce the risk of adverse events.     

手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局临床分析

目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4％(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7％(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3％(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1％ (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9％ (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8％(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大＜6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8～10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1％(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9％(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2％(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 ％(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.     

Evidence-Based Pain Management and Palliative Care in Issue Four for 2009 of The Cochrane Library

ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly. Issue 4 for 2009 contains 4027 complete reviews, 1906 protocols for reviews in production, and 11447 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 600,000 randomized controlled trials, and 12,200 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 7500 citations. This edition of the Library contains 90 new reviews, of which 19 have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.     

Wie zuverlässig sind Angaben zu nichtentzündlichen ausgedehnten Schmerzen?

ZusammenfassungFragestellung Es wurde geprüft, wie sich der Differenziertheitsgrad zweier Schmerzmessmethoden auf Angaben zur Ausgedehntheit klinischer Schmerzen auswirkt. Zugleich wurde der Referenzzeitraum variiert, über den die Patienten berichten sollten.Methode Erfasst wurde der Einfluss zu Lasten der Befragungsdifferenziertheit durch den Vergleich zweier Körperschema-Bildvorlagen. Drei Referenzzeiträume (Schmerz aktuell, letzte Woche, letztes halbes Jahr) wurden vorgegeben.Ergebnisse Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen gaben bei differenzierter Befragung um so mehr Schmerzen an, je weiter die Schmerzen zurück lagen und je größer der Berichtszeitraum war. Patienten mit gelenknahen Schmerzen gaben bei hoch differenzierter Befragung weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen in der Vergangenheit an als bei globaler Einschätzung. Patienten mit Rückenschmerzen berichteten bei differenzierter Befragung zum aktuellen Schmerz über weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen als bei globaler Befragung.Schlussfolgerung Die Angaben zur Schmerzausdehnung variieren vor allem bei Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen in Abhängigkeit von der Differenziertheit der Befragung. In diesen Fällen ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhöht, dass sich die Beschwerdesymptomatik zumindest teilweise erst in der Reaktion auf die situativen Befragungsbedingungen konstituiert und daher nicht auf andere Befragungsbedingungen generalisiert werden kann.