基于图论分析法对难治性癫痫脑功能网络的研究

目的：利用静息态fMRI(rs-fMRI)结合图论分析方法研究儿童及青少年难治性癫痫(ITE)脑功能网络拓扑属性的变化,分析异常网络属性指标与病程、智商之间的相关性,探讨ITE患者脑功能网络改变。方法：收集ITE患者23例(ITE组),同期招募23例健康志愿者作为对照组。采用3.0TMRI扫描仪进行扫描,获得T₂-FLAIR、3D-T₁WI、rs-fMRI数据。利用GRETNA V2.0软件包进行数据预处理并计算网络属性指标,使用SPSS18.0软件分析组间差异。结果：ITE组与对照组年龄、性别及受教育年限差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。ITE组与对照组均有小世界属性,ITE组局部效率及标准化聚类系数减低(P=0.014,0.027)。ITE组节点属性有差异的脑区主要位于默认网络及视觉皮质。ITE组左侧楔前叶节点中心度、左侧楔前叶节点效率均与病程呈负相关(r=-0.564,P=0.005;r=-0.539,P=0.008)。结论：ITE组脑功能网络全局及节点属性均存在异常,脑功能网络改变以局部分离功能降低为主,为ITE脑功能网络研...     

皮质下血管性认知功能障碍的脑默认网络静息态功能磁共振研究

目的运用静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)研究皮质下缺血性血管性认知功能障碍(VCI-SIVD)患者在静息状态下的脑默认网络(DMN)。方法收集缺血性脑小血管疾病患者68例,经临床痴呆量表评分后分为血管性痴呆组(VaD组)12例,非痴呆型血管性认知功能障碍组(VCIND组)21例,认知功能正常者35例为对照组,分别采集高分辨率结构像和静息态功能磁共振数据,通过独立成分分析方法(ICA)计算并对比3组患者脑功能活动的改变。采用两样本t检验分别对VCIND组与正常对照组、VaD组与VCIND组、VaD组与正常对照组DMN的功能连接进行组间比较,观察静息状态下脑默认网络的改变情况,并分析VaD患者DMN默认网络与认知功能间的相关性。结果与正常对照组相比,VCIND组患者默认网络脑区的功能连接既有增高也有降低,增高的脑区包括双侧顶叶及颞中回,降低的脑区包括眶额叶、内侧前额叶、前扣带回及双侧枕叶;VaD组患者出现双侧小脑的功能连接增强,VaD组眶额叶、额中回、额下回、双侧枕叶及双侧颞叶的功能连接减低;VaD患者DMN统计脑图与数字连线A、数字符号转换、MOCA等多个临床量表评分存在显著相关性,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在静息状态下,血管性认知功能障碍患者的大脑默认模式网络存在异常,并存在以执行功能障碍为主的多个领域的认知功能损害,其认知功能障碍可能与额叶-皮质下环路受损有关。独立成分分析在评价血管性认知功能障碍及其早期诊断中有重要价值。     

肝性脑病患者基于静息态fMRI的全脑功能连接研究

目的：采用静息态功能磁共振成像研究肝性脑病患者全脑功能网络连接改变机制。方法：采集13例慢性肝硬化肝性脑病患者和17例健康志愿者的静息态血氧依赖水平功能磁共振成像（BOLD-fMRI）数据,采用自动化解剖标记（AAL）模板计算90个脑区的两两间功能连接情况。结果：肝性脑病患者有15条功能连接出现异常,其中12条功能连接显著下降（P〈0．01）,3条显著升高（P〈0．01）,且其中9条异常连接出现在皮层下区域与皮层区域之间,且改变的功能连接与神经心理学测试存在一定相关性。结论：肝性脑病患者的基底节一丘脑一皮层回路受损,功能连接的改变与肝性脑病患者认知功能的改变有关。     

静息态磁共振成像技术对终末期肾病患者异常脑功能连接的研究进展

终末期肾病(ESRD)可由于多种复杂的因素对患者的大脑功能产生影响,其具体表现为脑功能网络连通性的普遍降低,以及部分功能网络之间连通活动的减弱。异常的脑功能连接是终末期肾病患者认知功能障碍产生的重要原因。静息态磁共振功能成像(rs-fMRI)可以通过监测局部血氧水平的改变来反映大脑的神经活动,从而间接反映脑网络功能的整合情况,它是探究肾病患者异常脑功能连接生理机制的重要手段。本文就脑功能连接的理论基础及静息态磁共振成像对ESRD患者脑功能连通性的应用进展进行综述。     

2型糖尿病患者脑功能连接强度的改变及其神经病理机制

目的 探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者脑功能连接强度的改变及其神经病理机制。方法 选取2017年10月-2021年3月在甘肃省人民医院就诊的56例T2DM患者为T2DM组，另选择48例健康对照者为对照组，采用静息态脑功能连接强度(FCS)和基于种子点的功能连接(FC)分析方法对T2DM患者脑功能改变进行前瞻性研究。两组均进行脑部功能磁共振扫描、临床变量采集及神经心理学测试；计算FCS值，评估静息状态下两组脑功能的变化，以组间差异显著的脑区为种子点与全脑行功能连接分析，并提取差异脑区的FCS及FC值，与空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA_1c)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平等临床变量以及简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、画钟测验(CDT)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-24)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分行相关性分析。结果 与对照组比较，T2DM组HAMD-24、HAMA评分明显升高(P<0.01),MoCA评分降低(P<0.05);T2DM组右侧颞中回FCS值升高(GRF矫正，体素水平P<0.001，集簇水平P...     

2型糖尿病病人默认网络的异常功能连接

正摘要目的 2型糖尿病有增加患老年痴呆症的风险,认知障碍病人常显示默认网络功能连接受损。本研究旨在应用独立成分分析研究糖尿病病人默认网络的完整性,探讨网络异常、神经认知表现和糖尿病变量之间的关系。方法对42例2型糖尿病病人和42名正常对照者进行3.0 T静息态功能MR成像。应用独立成分分析获得默认网络前脑、后脑组分。比较两组间子网的Z-maps及与每个临床变量的相关性。结果病人前脑的中额前皮质周围连接增加,而后脑的扣带     

2型糖尿病患者左侧小脑Ⅵ区与全脑功能连接改变的fMRI研究

【摘要】目的：探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者左侧小脑Ⅵ区与全脑功能连接的改变及其是否与视觉空间功能损伤有关。方法：纳入32例T2DM患者(T2DM组)及年龄、性别相匹配的30 例健康被试（HC组）行静息态fMRI检查及神经心理学量表测试,对比左侧小脑Ⅵ区与全脑功能连接以及神经心理学量表的组间差异,提取存在显著差异脑区的功能连接平均值与行为学评分行相关性分析。结果：相对于HC组,T2DM组患者左侧小脑Ⅵ区与右侧海马旁回/梭状回, 右侧颞中/上回, 双侧楔前叶/右侧中、后扣带,双侧额内侧回/右侧额中、上回,右侧角回/颞中回/枕中回/缘上回/顶下小叶的功能连接减低（单个体素P＜0.001,矫正后P＜0.05,GRF矫正）,未发现功能连接增高的脑区。T2DM组患者左侧小脑Ⅵ区和左侧楔前叶功能连接强度与连线测试A(TMT-A)评分呈负相关（r=-0.38,P=0.048）。结论：T2DM组患者左侧小脑Ⅵ区与全脑多个脑区存在异常功能连接,并与视觉空间损伤有关,为进一步了解T2DM视觉空间功能损伤的神经机制提供了新的见解。     

慢性腰痛推拿治疗前后默认脑网络功能连接变化研究

目的:探讨慢性腰痛患者推拿治疗前、治疗后静息态下默认脑网络的功能连接变化。方法:收集20例慢性腰痛患者和20名健康对照者的静息态功能磁共振(MRI)数据。采用SPM8软件对脑功能数据进行预处理,并以后扣带回为种子点,分析默认脑网络(DMN)功能连接,比较慢性腰痛组与健康对照组、慢性腰痛组推拿治疗前后DMN功能连接的差异。结果:慢性腰痛人群存在DMN与左侧颞下回、左侧小脑前叶、左恻枕中回、左侧背外恻额上回功能连接异常。推拿治疗后主要变化表现为DMN与左恻背外侧额上回连接恢复,DMN与左侧内侧额上回、后扣带皮质连接增强,DMN与左侧楔前叶、左侧回直肌、中脑功能连接降低。结论:静息状态下腰痛受试者DMN存在特定脑功能异常连接区域,推拿治疗主要影响了慢性腰痛人群的感觉、情绪和认知水平的区域。     

基于独立成分分析对伴脑室周围白质损伤的痉挛型脑性瘫痪患儿脑功能网络的研究

目的：使用独立成分分析（ICA）方法探讨伴脑室周围白质损伤（PWMI）的痉挛型脑性瘫痪（SCP）患儿网络内和网络间功能连接改变。方法：对28例伴PWMI的SCP患儿（患儿组）及性别、年龄匹配的19例正常儿童（对照组）行fMRI,应用ICA方法提取2组网络成分,并用SPM12及NBS软件比较2组网络内和网络间功能连接差异,同时应用Pearson或Spearman相关性分析验证患儿组功能连接差异脑区与临床变量之间的相关性。结果：与对照组相比,患儿组默认模式网络（DMN）内左侧额中回、左侧楔前叶及右侧角回,vAN内右侧中央后回,VNm内双侧舌回功能连接减低。以上功能连接差异脑区与临床变量均未发现显著相关性。结论：SCP与大脑网络功能连接异常有关,推测网络功能连接改变可能成为早期识别和诊断SCP的影像学生物指标。     

基于独立成分分析的乳腺癌化疗患者脑功能网络研究

目的 通过独立成分分析方法观察乳腺癌化疗患者大尺度静息态网络间功能连接变化,并分析其与认知评估及实验室指标的相关性。方法 纳入50例术后化疗前的乳腺癌患者(C-组)和44例化疗后乳腺癌患者(C+组),两组分别进行了认知评估及静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)检查。使用独立成分分析方法来评估脑功能网络成分,比较两组受试者功能网络连接性(FNC),并与认知测试结果及血液生化指标进行相关性分析。结果 与C-组相比,C+组蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)、感知认知能力得分降低(P<0.05),数字连接实验A、认知疲劳、运动疲劳、感知认知障碍得分增高(P<0.05),同时C+组空腹血糖及甘油三酯水平较C-组高(P<0.05),两组在年龄、受教育年限差异无统计学意义。在脑网络水平,C+组听觉网络(AN)与背侧注意网络(DAN)、AN与感觉运动网络(SMN)、默认模式网络(DMN)内、DAN与腹侧注意网络(VAN)、左侧额顶网络(LFPN)与VAN间功能连接降低(Bonferroni校正,P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,AN与SMN功能连接强度与蒙特利尔认知评估(r=0.37...     

On the relationship between seed‐based and ICA‐based measures of functional connectivity

Brain functional connectivity (FC) refers to inter‐regional synchrony of low frequency fluctuations in blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. FC has been evaluated both during task performance and in the “resting” state, yielding reports of FC differences correlated with behavior and diagnosis. Two methodologies are widely used for evaluating FC from blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging data: Temporal correlation with a specified seed voxel or small region of interest; and spatial independent component analysis. While results from seed‐based and independent component analysis methodologies are generally similar, they are conceptually different. This study is intended to elucidate and illustrate, qualitatively and quantitatively, the relationship between seed and independent component analysis derived measures of FC. Seed‐based FC measures are shown to be the sum of independent component analysis‐derived within network connectivities and between network connectivities. We present a simple simulation and an experiment on visuomotor activity that highlight this relationship between the two methods. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain using echo-planar mri

An MRI time course of 512 echo-planar images (EPI) in resting human brain obtained every 250 ms reveals fluctuations in signal intensity in each pixel that have a physiologic origin. Regions of the sensorimotor cortex that were activated secondary to hand movement were identified using functional MRI methodology (FMRI). Time courses of low frequency (<0.1 Hz) fluctuations in resting brain were observed to have a high degree of temporal correlation (P < 10^?3) within these regions and also with time courses in several other regions that can be associated with motor function. It is concluded that correlation of low frequency fluctuations, which may arise from fluctuations in blood oxygenation or flow, is a manifestation of functional connectivity of the brain.     

针刺治疗对腹泻型肠易激综合征病人rs-fMRI脑功能连接的影响

目的 探讨针刺治疗对腹泻型肠易激综合征（IBS-D）病人静息态功能MRI （rs-fMRI）的脑功能连接（FC）的影响。方法 前瞻性纳入性别、年龄及受教育程度相匹配的IBS-D病人24例及正常对照（NC）组23例。IBS-D病人接受“调神健脾”针刺法治疗6周（3次/周）,分别于治疗前、后采用严重程度评分（SSS）、生活质量量表（QOL）及汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评价病情及针刺疗效。NC组仅于纳入当日行rs-fMRI检查,IBS-D病人分别于纳入当日和针刺治疗6周结束后48 h内行rs-fMRI检查。在自动解剖标记（AAL）脑区模板上选取双侧岛叶,扣带回（前、中、后部）,杏仁核及丘脑为种子点,构建其与全脑各脑区的FC。治疗前后量表评分比较采用配对t检验。NC组及治疗前后IBS-D病人的FC值比较采用单因素方差分析,组间两两比较采用事后检验。采用Pearson相关对IBS-D病人治疗前后的差异脑区FC值与临床量表评分进行分析。结果 IBS-D病人经针刺治疗后较治疗前的SSS、HAMA 评分下降（均P<0.05）,QOL评分升高（P<0.05）。与NC组相比,治疗前IBS-D病人的左侧岛叶-右侧颞中回、左侧中扣带回-右侧颞极颞中回脑区的FC增强（均P<0.05）;治疗后,上述FC均减弱（均P<0.05）。与NC组相比,治疗后右侧前扣带回-小脑蚓部3区的FC增强（P<0.05）,左侧杏仁核-左侧中央后回的FC减弱（P<0.05）;而治疗前上述FC差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。治疗后IBS-D病人的右侧前扣带回-小脑蚓部3区间FC值（0.1±0.2）与HAMA评分（8.2±3.9）呈负相关（r=-0.451, P=0.027）,左侧杏仁核-左侧中央后回间FC值（-0.1±0.2）与HAMA评分（8.2±3.9）呈负相关（r=-0.456, P=0.025）。结论 针刺治疗可改变IBS-D病人与内脏疼痛、情绪调节相关脑区的FC,且与临床症状改善相关。     

遗忘型轻度认知障碍杏仁核功能连接静息态纵向变化功能磁共振研究

目的：探讨静息状态下遗忘型轻度认知障碍（aMCI）杏仁核功能连接在随访（13．0±2．2）个月前后的纵向变化。方法：纳入经临床确诊的13例aMCI患者,于纳入研究时及随访时接受静息态功能 MRI扫描,使用SPM8软件分析,采用感兴趣区种子体素分析方法,比较杏仁核功能连接前后两次的差异,分析杏仁核功能连接强度变化与神经心理评估结果之间的关系。结果：与基线对比,aMCI 随访后蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）成绩下降,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。同时与基线相比,aMCI随访后与左侧杏仁核功能连接明显降低的区域有双侧颞中回/枕中回、左侧额中回/前扣带回、左侧楔叶/后扣带回/楔前叶结合部,与右侧杏仁核功能连接明显降低的区域为左侧额中回/前扣带回,然而与右侧杏仁核功能连接明显增强的区域为左侧额上回/额中回。重要的是杏仁核与以上脑区间功能连接的改变与认知能力呈正相关。结论：在aMCI向阿尔茨海默病转化过程中,杏仁核与多个脑区之间出现功能连接异常,可能是评价aMCI 演变的一个潜在的生物学标志。     

Metabolic connectivity by interregional correlation analysis using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) and FDG brain PET; methodological development and patterns of metabolic connectivity in adults

Purpose  Regionally connected areas of the resting brain can be detected by fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). Voxel-wise metabolic connectivity was examined, and normative data were established by performing interregional correlation analysis on statistical parametric mapping of FDG-PET data. Materials and methods  Characteristics of seed volumes of interest (VOIs) as functional brain units were represented by their locations, sizes, and the independent methods of their determination. Seed brain areas were identified as population-based gyral VOIs (n = 70) or as population-based cytoarchitectonic Brodmann areas (BA; n = 28). FDG uptakes in these areas were used as independent variables in a general linear model to search for voxels correlated with average seed VOI counts. Positive correlations were searched in entire brain areas. Results  In normal adults, one third of gyral VOIs yielded correlations that were confined to themselves, but in the others, correlated voxels extended to adjacent areas and/or contralateral homologous regions. In tens of these latter areas with extensive connectivity, correlated voxels were found across midline, and asymmetry was observed in the patterns of connectivity of left and right homologous seed VOIs. Most of the available BAs yielded correlations reaching contralateral homologous regions and/or neighboring areas. Extents of metabolic connectivity were not found to be related to seed VOI size or to the methods used to define seed VOIs. Conclusions  These findings indicate that patterns of metabolic connectivity of functional brain units depend on their regional locations. We propose that interregional correlation analysis of FDG-PET data offers a means of examining voxel-wise regional metabolic connectivity of the resting human brain. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

MRI对胎儿脑发育的结构和功能定量评估

采用多模态常规和功能MRI新技术定量计算不同孕期胎儿脑结构、体积以及脑功能连接,可以获得不同孕期胎儿脑发育结构和功能图谱,进而为胎儿脑发育产前定量评估提供指南性参照标准。综述多模态MRI计算胎儿脑体积的方法和量化指标、三维重建中晚孕期胎儿脑体积和区域分割测量以及皮质脑回分割,阐述MRI新技术对明确微观脑白质纤维束及构建胎儿脑网络图谱的临床意义,及其对胎儿脑发育异常临床诊断可提供的参考价值。     

Changes in cerebellar functional connectivity and anatomical connectivity in schizophrenia: a combined resting-state functional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging study

Purpose:

To examine the functional and anatomical connectivity of the cerebellum and their relationship in schizophrenia through resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Materials and Methods:

Ten subjects with schizophrenia and 10 healthy controls underwent resting‐state fMRI and DTI. Left and right cerebellar seed regions were used in a voxel‐wise functional connectivity analysis of the cerebellum. Fractional anisotropy (FA) was measured to assess white matter integrity of the middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) and superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP). Differences in functional connectivity and FA values between the two groups were determined by two‐sample t‐tests. The relationship between functional connectivity and FA values in both groups were assessed using Pearson s correlation.

Results:

Decreased functional connectivity to the left middle temporal gyrus, bilateral middle cingulate cortex, right paracentral lobule, right thalamus, and bilateral cerebellum were found in subjects with schizophrenia when compared to healthy controls; while decreased FA values in the left SCP were found in subjects with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. Significant correlation was observed between the functional connectivity of the left cerebellum‐right paracentral lobule and right cerebellum‐right thalamus and the FA values of the MCP in healthy controls.

Conclusion:

Findings of this multi‐modal imaging study support functional and anatomical connectivity abnormalities and the role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia. They also indicate the need for further investigation regarding the relationship between functional and anatomical connectivity and its role in neuropathophysiology. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

静息态脑功能网络分析方法及在肝性脑病的研究进展

静息态脑功能网络分析方法是目前脑功能研究最常用、最基本的方法之一。该方法利用血氧水平依赖功能磁共振成像(BOLD-f MRI)采集数据,分析全脑或特定脑区脑网络连接强弱的情况,不仅能无创定位功能网络连接异常的脑区,还能了解各种神经心理疾病的病理生理基础及发病机制。近年来,随着影像技术的发展、脑网络分析方法的不断完善,静息态脑功能网络的研究为临床疾病的诊断治疗提供了更为广阔的思路。     

Altered Activity and Functional Connectivity of Superior Temporal Gyri in Anxiety Disorders: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Objective

The prior functional MRI studies have demonstrated significantly abnormal activity in the bilateral superior temporal gyrus (STG) of anxiety patients. The purpose of the current investigation was to determine whether the abnormal activity in these regions was related to a loss of functional connectivity between these regions.

Materials and Methods

Ten healthy controls and 10 anxiety patients underwent noninvasive fMRI while actively listening to emotionally neutral words alternated by silence (Task 1) or threat-related words (Task 2). The participants were instructed to silently make a judgment of each word''s valence (i.e., unpleasant, pleasant, or neutral). A coherence analysis was applied to the functional MRI data to examine the functional connectivity between the left and the right STG, which was selected as the primary region of interest on the basis of our prior results.

Results

The data demonstrated that the anxiety patients exhibited significantly increased activation in the bilateral STG than the normal controls. The functional connectivity analysis indicated that the patient group showed significantly decreased degree of connectivity between the bilateral STG during processing Task 2 compared to Task 1 (t = 2.588, p = 0.029). In addition, a significantly decreased connectivity was also observed in the patient group compared to the control group during processing Task 2 (t = 2.810, p = 0.012).

Conclusion

Anxiety patients may exhibit increased activity of the STG but decreased functional connectivity between the left and right STG, which may reflect the underlying neural abnormality of anxiety disorder, and this will provide new insights into this disease.